CN111451249A - Integrated process and system for recycling household garbage - Google Patents

Integrated process and system for recycling household garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111451249A
CN111451249A CN202010289637.2A CN202010289637A CN111451249A CN 111451249 A CN111451249 A CN 111451249A CN 202010289637 A CN202010289637 A CN 202010289637A CN 111451249 A CN111451249 A CN 111451249A
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China
Prior art keywords
garbage
glass
household garbage
products
steps
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CN202010289637.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张作培
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Huaibei Sennuo Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Huaibei Sennuo Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010289637.2A priority Critical patent/CN111451249A/en
Publication of CN111451249A publication Critical patent/CN111451249A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B15/00Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/02Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20Waste processing or separation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a household garbage recycling treatment integrated process and system, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: loading, namely collecting the household garbage in a centralized manner, then loading the household garbage into a dump truck, conveying the dump truck to a specified collecting bin and pouring the dump truck into the collecting bin; step two: and (4) magnetic separation, namely introducing the garbage in the material collecting bin into a magnetic separator, and separating the magnetic metal objects in the garbage from other garbage by the operation of the magnetic separator. The invention classifies the domestic garbage in different ways through various screening steps such as mechanical screening, manual screening and the like, and then recycles the classified garbage to different degrees, thereby solving the problem that the domestic garbage treatment still does not realize the purpose of all resource treatment, the resource treatment only reaches about 20 percent of the total quantity of the domestic garbage, the residual substances are basically in the landfill and incineration states after the treatment, and the problems of increasing the landfill land and environmental pollution still exist.

Description

Integrated process and system for recycling household garbage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage treatment, in particular to a household garbage recycling treatment integrated process and system.
Background
Solid waste produced by people in or for activities that provide services to daily life, and solid waste that is considered to be household waste by law, administrative law. The method mainly comprises resident domestic garbage, municipal and commercial garbage, public place garbage, street cleaning garbage, enterprise and public institution garbage and the like, at present, domestic and foreign domestic garbage treatment technologies aim at harmlessness, reduction and resource, the most common treatment methods mainly comprise landfill, incineration and composting which have different use ranges and conditions,
until now, the purpose of recycling domestic garbage is not realized, the recycling treatment only reaches about 20 percent of the total quantity of the domestic garbage, and residual substances are basically in a landfill and incineration state after treatment, so that the problems of increasing landfill sites and environmental pollution still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a household garbage recycling integrated process and system, which have the advantage of high resource utilization rate, and solve the problem that the household garbage treatment still does not realize the purpose of all recycling treatment, the recycling treatment only reaches about 20 percent of the total quantity of the household garbage, and residual substances are basically in a landfill and incineration state after treatment, so that the problems of increasing the landfill land and environmental pollution still exist.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an integrated process and a system for recycling household garbage comprise the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: loading, namely collecting the household garbage in a centralized manner, then loading the household garbage into a dump truck, conveying the dump truck to a specified collecting bin and pouring the dump truck into the collecting bin;
step two: magnetic separation, namely introducing the garbage in the material collecting bin into a magnetic separator, separating magnetic metal objects in the garbage from other garbage by the operation of the magnetic separator, and recovering the collected magnetic metal objects;
step three: manually sorting other wastes, manually sorting paper plastics and glass products in the wastes, and otherwise treating the glass products, wherein the sorted paper plastics are dried by a dryer, gas contained in the paper plastics is pumped into a biological deodorization tower by an air suction pump before drying, odor contained in the paper plastics is removed by the biological deodorization tower, and the dried paper plastics are separated by the paper plastics, wherein the plastic products are melted by a smelting furnace to be used as injection molding raw materials, the paper products are placed into a filter press for filter pressing, the residual water in the paper products is removed, and the obtained paper products are classified and recycled;
step four: solid-liquid separation, namely putting the left garbage after manual sorting into a crusher for crushing, then carrying out solid-liquid separation on the crushed garbage, dewatering the separated solid in a dewatering machine, drying the dewatered solid in a dryer, and then conveying the dried solid to a garbage landfill for landfill, wherein the dewatered water is introduced into the filtrate after the solid-liquid separation for concentration;
step five: fermenting, namely, collectively putting the filtrate and the organic matters obtained by manual separation into an adjusting tank, performing acid-base adjustment, taking out, putting into an anaerobic fermentation tank for fermentation, introducing the obtained gas into a biogas purification device for purification, and storing the purified gas in a biogas storage tank for power generation; and (4) carrying out filter pressing and dewatering on the residual biogas residues through a filter press, putting the biogas residues into a drying furnace for secondary drying, and then using the biogas residues as an organic fertilizer.
Preferably, in the second step, the magnetic metal is recovered and then placed into a dryer for drying, and then the magnetic metal is manually sorted and classified, wherein the metal iron can be used as a cast iron material.
Preferably, in the third step, the glass product can be treated by the following methods:
firstly, a fusing agent, wherein the cullet can be used as a fusing agent for smelting cast steel and cast copper alloy, and has the function of covering molten liquid to prevent oxidation;
secondly, transformation and utilization, after the pretreated cullet is processed into small-particle glass particles, the glass has the following multiple purposes: (1) the glass fragments are used as the combination body of the road surface, and compared with other materials, the glass fragments used as the filling material of the road have the advantages that the accidents of vehicle transverse slip and overturn are reduced, the light reflection is proper, the road surface abrasion condition is good, the accumulated snow is quickly melted, and the glass-reinforced road is suitable for being used in places with low temperature; (2) the crushed glass is mixed with building materials to be made into building products such as building prefabricated parts, building bricks and the like, and practices prove that the products which are pressed and formed by using organic substances as cementing agents have higher dimensional accuracy and strength and low production cost; (3) the crushed glass is used for manufacturing building surface ornaments, reflecting plate materials, industrial art articles and ornaments for clothing, and has beautiful visual effect; (4) the mixture of the glass and plastic waste and the building material can be made into a synthetic building product and the like;
thirdly, re-melting and reconstructing, namely, pre-treating the recycled glass, and then melting and manufacturing glass containers, glass fibers and the like.
Preferably, the in-process of manual separation, protective devices such as gauze mask and gloves need be worn in the staff selection, and manual separation is gone on simultaneously through many people to improve separation efficiency.
Preferably, in the fifth step, before the biogas residue is dried, the gas generated from the biogas residue is pumped into a biological deodorization tower by an air pump for deodorization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention classifies the domestic garbage in different ways through various screening steps such as mechanical screening, manual screening and the like, and then recycles the classified garbage to different degrees, thereby improving the resource utilization rate of the domestic garbage, solving the problem that the domestic garbage treatment still does not realize the purpose of complete resource treatment, the resource treatment only reaches about 20 percent of the total quantity of the domestic garbage, the residual substances are basically in the landfill and incineration states after the treatment, and the problems of increasing the landfill land and environmental pollution still exist.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an integrated process and system for recycling household garbage includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: loading, namely collecting the household garbage in a centralized manner, then loading the household garbage into a dump truck, conveying the dump truck to a specified collecting bin and pouring the dump truck into the collecting bin;
step two: magnetic separation, namely introducing the garbage in the material collecting bin into a magnetic separator, separating magnetic metal objects in the garbage from other garbage by the operation of the magnetic separator, collecting the magnetic metal objects and then recovering the magnetic metal objects, and in the second step, after recovering the magnetic metal, putting the magnetic metal into a dryer for drying, and then manually sorting and classifying the magnetic metal objects, wherein the metallic iron can be used as a cast iron material;
step three: manually sorting other garbage, manually sorting paper, plastics and glass products in the garbage, treating the glass products additionally, drying the sorted paper and plastics by a dryer, before drying, the air pump pumps the gas contained in the paper and the plastic into the biological deodorization tower, the biological deodorization tower removes the odor contained in the paper and the plastic, the dried paper and the plastic are separated, wherein, plastic products melts through the smelting pot and makes the raw materials use of moulding plastics, and during paper products put into the pressure filter, carry out the filter-pressing, get rid of remaining moisture in the paper products, the paper products that obtain are classified and are retrieved, and in step three, glass products can be divided into following processing method, and the in-process of manual separation, protective apparatus such as gauze mask and gloves need be worn to the staff selection, and manual separation goes on simultaneously through many people to improve sorting efficiency:
firstly, a fusing agent, wherein the cullet can be used as a fusing agent for smelting cast steel and cast copper alloy, and has the function of covering molten liquid to prevent oxidation;
secondly, transformation and utilization, after the pretreated cullet is processed into small-particle glass particles, the glass has the following multiple purposes: (1) the glass fragments are used as the combination body of the road surface, and compared with other materials, the glass fragments used as the filling material of the road have the advantages that the accidents of vehicle transverse slip and overturn are reduced, the light reflection is proper, the road surface abrasion condition is good, the accumulated snow is quickly melted, and the glass-reinforced road is suitable for being used in places with low temperature; (2) the crushed glass is mixed with building materials to be made into building products such as building prefabricated parts, building bricks and the like, and practices prove that the products which are pressed and formed by using organic substances as cementing agents have higher dimensional accuracy and strength and low production cost; (3) the crushed glass is used for manufacturing building surface ornaments, reflecting plate materials, industrial art articles and ornaments for clothing, and has beautiful visual effect; (4) the mixture of the glass and plastic waste and the building material can be made into a synthetic building product and the like;
thirdly, re-melting and reconstructing, namely, pre-treating the recycled glass, and then melting and manufacturing a glass container, glass fibers and the like in a re-melting way;
step four: solid-liquid separation, namely putting the left garbage after manual sorting into a crusher for crushing, then carrying out solid-liquid separation on the crushed garbage, dewatering the separated solid in a dewatering machine, drying the dewatered solid in a dryer, and then conveying the dried solid to a garbage landfill for landfill, wherein the dewatered water is introduced into the filtrate after the solid-liquid separation for concentration;
step five: fermenting, namely, collectively putting the filtrate and the organic matters obtained by manual separation into an adjusting tank, performing acid-base adjustment, taking out, putting into an anaerobic fermentation tank for fermentation, introducing the obtained gas into a biogas purification device for purification, and storing the purified gas in a biogas storage tank for power generation; after filter pressing and dewatering of residual biogas residues through a filter press, drying the biogas residues again in a drying furnace, and then using the biogas residues as organic fertilizer, wherein in the fifth step, before drying the biogas residues, gas generated by the biogas residues is pumped into a biological deodorization tower through an air pump for deodorization;
the household garbage is subjected to different classification through various screening steps such as mechanical screening and manual screening, and then the classified garbage is recycled to different degrees, so that the resource utilization rate of the household garbage is improved, the aim of realizing all resource treatment in household garbage treatment is fulfilled, the resource treatment only reaches about 20% of the total quantity of the household garbage, residual substances are basically in a landfill and incineration state after treatment, and the problems of increasing the landfill land and environmental pollution still exist.
In summary, the following steps: the household garbage recycling integrated process and system classify household garbage in different ways through various screening steps such as mechanical screening and manual screening, and then recycle the classified garbage to different degrees, so that the resource utilization rate of the household garbage is improved, the purpose of realizing all recycling treatment of the household garbage is solved, the recycling treatment only reaches about 20% of the total amount of the household garbage, residual substances are basically in a landfill and incineration state after treatment, and the problems of increasing the land for landfill and environmental pollution still exist.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. An integrated process and a system for recycling household garbage are characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: loading, namely collecting the household garbage in a centralized manner, then loading the household garbage into a dump truck, conveying the dump truck to a specified collecting bin and pouring the dump truck into the collecting bin;
step two: magnetic separation, namely introducing the garbage in the material collecting bin into a magnetic separator, separating magnetic metal objects in the garbage from other garbage by the operation of the magnetic separator, and recovering the collected magnetic metal objects;
step three: manually sorting other wastes, manually sorting paper plastics and glass products in the wastes, and otherwise treating the glass products, wherein the sorted paper plastics are dried by a dryer, gas contained in the paper plastics is pumped into a biological deodorization tower by an air suction pump before drying, odor contained in the paper plastics is removed by the biological deodorization tower, and the dried paper plastics are separated by the paper plastics, wherein the plastic products are melted by a smelting furnace to be used as injection molding raw materials, the paper products are placed into a filter press for filter pressing, the residual water in the paper products is removed, and the obtained paper products are classified and recycled;
step four: solid-liquid separation, namely putting the left garbage after manual sorting into a crusher for crushing, then carrying out solid-liquid separation on the crushed garbage, dewatering the separated solid in a dewatering machine, drying the dewatered solid in a dryer, and then conveying the dried solid to a garbage landfill for landfill, wherein the dewatered water is introduced into the filtrate after the solid-liquid separation for concentration;
step five: fermenting, namely, collectively putting the filtrate and the organic matters obtained by manual separation into an adjusting tank, performing acid-base adjustment, taking out, putting into an anaerobic fermentation tank for fermentation, introducing the obtained gas into a biogas purification device for purification, and storing the purified gas in a biogas storage tank for power generation; and (4) carrying out filter pressing and dewatering on the residual biogas residues through a filter press, putting the biogas residues into a drying furnace for secondary drying, and then using the biogas residues as an organic fertilizer.
2. The integrated process and system for recycling household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and in the second step, after the magnetic metal is recovered, the magnetic metal is placed into a dryer for drying, and then manual sorting is carried out to classify the magnetic metal, wherein the metal iron can be used as a cast iron material.
3. The integrated process and system for recycling household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the third step, the glass product can be divided into the following treatment methods:
firstly, a fusing agent, wherein the cullet can be used as a fusing agent for smelting cast steel and cast copper alloy, and has the function of covering molten liquid to prevent oxidation;
secondly, transformation and utilization, after the pretreated cullet is processed into small-particle glass particles, the glass has the following multiple purposes: (1) the glass fragments are used as the combination body of the road surface, and compared with other materials, the glass fragments used as the filling material of the road have the advantages that the accidents of vehicle transverse slip and overturn are reduced, the light reflection is proper, the road surface abrasion condition is good, the accumulated snow is quickly melted, and the glass-reinforced road is suitable for being used in places with low temperature; (2) the crushed glass is mixed with building materials to be made into building products such as building prefabricated parts, building bricks and the like, and practices prove that the products which are pressed and formed by using organic substances as cementing agents have higher dimensional accuracy and strength and low production cost; (3) the crushed glass is used for manufacturing building surface ornaments, reflecting plate materials, industrial art articles and ornaments for clothing, and has beautiful visual effect; (4) the mixture of the glass and plastic waste and the building material can be made into a synthetic building product and the like;
thirdly, re-melting and reconstructing, namely, pre-treating the recycled glass, and then melting and manufacturing glass containers, glass fibers and the like.
4. The integrated process and system for recycling household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the manual sorting process, protective tools such as masks and gloves need to be worn by workers, and manual sorting is carried out by multiple persons at the same time, so that sorting efficiency is improved.
5. The integrated process and system for recycling household garbage according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and in the fifth step, before the biogas residues are dried, pumping the gas generated by the biogas residues into a biological deodorization tower by using an air pump for deodorization.
CN202010289637.2A 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Integrated process and system for recycling household garbage Withdrawn CN111451249A (en)

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CN202010289637.2A CN111451249A (en) 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Integrated process and system for recycling household garbage

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CN202010289637.2A CN111451249A (en) 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Integrated process and system for recycling household garbage

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113695368A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-11-26 内蒙古鸿达科技有限公司 Intelligent classification recycling system for municipal domestic waste

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113695368A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-11-26 内蒙古鸿达科技有限公司 Intelligent classification recycling system for municipal domestic waste

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Application publication date: 20200728