CN111447013B - Fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generation device based on microwave photonics - Google Patents

Fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generation device based on microwave photonics Download PDF

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CN111447013B
CN111447013B CN202010262831.1A CN202010262831A CN111447013B CN 111447013 B CN111447013 B CN 111447013B CN 202010262831 A CN202010262831 A CN 202010262831A CN 111447013 B CN111447013 B CN 111447013B
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董玮
都聪
张歆东
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Jilin University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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Abstract

A four-order ultra-wideband signal generation method and device based on microwave photonics belong to the technical field of microwave photonics. The device consists of a continuous wave laser, a polarization controller, an arbitrary waveform generator, an electric amplifier 1, an electric amplifier 2, an electric amplifier 3, an electric amplifier 4, a power divider 1, a power divider 2, a power divider 3, an electric delay line, a dual-polarization orthogonal phase shift keying modulator, a coupler, a direct current voltage stabilizing source 1, a direct current voltage stabilizing source 2, a direct current voltage stabilizing source 3, a direct current voltage stabilizing source 4, a direct current voltage stabilizing source 5, a direct current voltage stabilizing source 6, an optical delay line and a balanced photoelectric detector. By reasonably setting the operating point and the modulation index of the modulator, the generated ultra-wideband signal conforms to the power spectral density mask specified by the Federal communication Commission in the United states and has higher power efficiency. The device can realize two typical modulation modes used in communication, and therefore can be used as a signal source of an optical carrier ultra-wideband communication system.

Description

基于微波光子学的四阶超宽带信号产生装置Fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generation device based on microwave photonics

技术领域technical field

本发明属于微波光子学技术领域,具体涉及一种基于双极化正交相移键控调制器和延时线滤波器的微波光子学四阶超宽带信号产生方法及装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave photonics, and in particular relates to a microwave photonics fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generation method and device based on a dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator and a delay line filter.

背景技术Background technique

随着近距离宽带无线通信对高传输速率和可用射频资源要求的不断提高,超宽带技术以其大带宽、高时域分辨率、抗多径衰落和低功耗等特点备受关注。因此,超宽带技术在许多应用领域都有着应用潜力,例如局域网、广域网、传感系统和导航系统。美国联邦通信委员会对超宽带信号进行了规定:其相对带宽不能低于20%,或者其10dB带宽大于500MHz。此外,将3.1~10.6GHz的频率范围分配为无线室内通信,即所谓的基带超宽带,其功率谱密度被限制在- 41.3dbm/MHz以下,这一限制也被称为超宽带掩模。由于超宽带功率谱密度的限制,超宽带信号在空中的传输距离被限制在几米以内。为了解决这一问题,人们提出了基于微波光子学的光载超宽带技术。在这种情况下,需要在光域中产生超宽带信号,能够克服电学技术的带宽限制,并且省略了冗余的电光转换。在光载超宽带网络中,超宽带信号在中心站产生和调制,然后通过一段长距离光纤传输到基站,在基站中由光电探测器进行光电转换,最后由天线发射到空中进行无线通信。With the continuous improvement of short-range broadband wireless communication requirements for high transmission rate and available radio frequency resources, UWB technology has attracted much attention due to its large bandwidth, high time domain resolution, anti-multipath fading and low power consumption. Therefore, UWB technology has application potential in many application fields, such as local area network, wide area network, sensing system and navigation system. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission regulates UWB signals: its relative bandwidth cannot be lower than 20%, or its 10dB bandwidth is greater than 500MHz. In addition, the frequency range from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz is allocated for wireless indoor communications, the so-called baseband ultra-wideband, whose power spectral density is limited to below -41.3dbm/MHz, also known as the ultra-wideband mask. Due to the limitation of UWB power spectral density, the transmission distance of UWB signals in the air is limited to within a few meters. In order to solve this problem, the light-borne ultra-broadband technology based on microwave photonics has been proposed. In this case, it is necessary to generate ultra-wideband signals in the optical domain, which can overcome the bandwidth limitation of electrical technology and omit redundant electro-optical conversion. In the optical carrier UWB network, the UWB signal is generated and modulated at the central station, and then transmitted to the base station through a long-distance optical fiber.

为了能最大限度的贴合超宽带掩模,即产生高功率效率的超宽带信号,一般有两种方法来实现。第一种是设计能贴合超宽带掩模的波形,但设计出的复杂信号通常用电学器件产生,具有一定的难度,而且产生出的脉冲难以进行调制。第二种方法是对高斯脉冲进行高阶微分,从而生成高阶的超宽带信号。这种方法可以利用光学器件来实现,只需用电学脉冲序列发生器输出编码信号,便可以进行灵活的调制。In order to fit the UWB mask to the greatest extent, that is, to generate an UWB signal with high power efficiency, there are generally two methods to achieve it. The first is to design a waveform that can fit the ultra-wideband mask, but the complex signals designed are usually generated by electrical devices, which is difficult to a certain extent, and the generated pulses are difficult to modulate. The second method is to perform high-order differentiation of Gaussian pulses to generate high-order UWB signals. This method can be implemented using optical devices, which can be flexibly modulated only by outputting encoded signals from an electrical pulse sequence generator.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种基于双极化正交相移键控调制器和延时线滤波器的微波光子学四阶超宽带信号的产生方法及装置。通过合理设置调制器的工作点和调制指数,使产生的超宽带信号符合美国联邦通信委员会规定的功率谱密度掩模,并且具有较高的功率效率。该装置能够实现两种典型的在通信中使用的调制模式,因此可以作为光载超宽带通信系统的信号源。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for generating a microwave photonics fourth-order ultra-wideband signal based on a dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator and a delay line filter. By reasonably setting the operating point and modulation index of the modulator, the generated ultra-wideband signal can meet the power spectral density mask specified by the US Federal Communications Commission, and has high power efficiency. The device can realize two typical modulation modes used in communication, so it can be used as the signal source of the optical carrier ultra-wideband communication system.

本发明所述的基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置的结构如图1所示,由连续波激光器、偏振控制器、任意波形发生器、电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4、功分器1、功分器2、功分器3、电延时线、双极化正交相移键控调制器、耦合器、直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2、直流稳压源3、直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5、直流稳压源6、光延时线、平衡光电探测器组成;双极化正交相移键控调制器是集成在单个芯片上的商用器件,由Y型分光器、正交相移键控调制器1、正交相移键控调制器2、90度偏振旋转器、偏振合束器构成;其中,正交相移键控调制器1由嵌入在母马赫曾德尔调制器1两个臂上的马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b构成,电放大器1、直流稳压源1与马赫曾德尔调制器1a相连接,电放大器2、直流稳压源2与马赫曾德尔调制器1b相连接,直流稳压源3与母马赫曾德尔调制器1相连接;正交相移键控调制器2由嵌入在母马赫曾德尔调制器2两个臂上的马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b构成,电放大器3、直流稳压源4与马赫曾德尔调制器2a相连接,电放大器4、直流稳压源5与马赫曾德尔调制器2b相连接,直流稳压源6与母马赫曾德尔调制器2相连接。The structure of the fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generator based on microwave photons according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Electric amplifier 4, power divider 1, power divider 2, power divider 3, electric delay line, dual polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator, coupler, DC voltage regulator 1, DC voltage regulator 2 , DC voltage regulator source 3, DC voltage regulator source 4, DC voltage regulator source 5, DC voltage regulator source 6, optical delay line, balanced photodetector; dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator is integrated in A commercial device on a single chip consists of a Y-type beam splitter, a quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1, a quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2, a 90-degree polarization rotator, and a polarization beam combiner; The shift keying modulator 1 is composed of a Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and a Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b embedded in the two arms of the female Mach-Zehnder modulator 1, an electric amplifier 1, a DC voltage stabilized source 1 and a Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a, the electric amplifier 2, the DC voltage regulator 2 are connected to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b, and the DC voltage regulator 3 is connected to the female Mach-Zehnder modulator 1; the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2 is composed of The Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b embedded in the two arms of the female Mach-Zehnder modulator 2 are formed. The electric amplifier 3 and the DC voltage stabilized source 4 are connected with the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a. 4. The DC voltage stabilization source 5 is connected with the Mach Zehnder modulator 2b, and the DC voltage stabilization source 6 is connected with the female Mach Zehnder modulator 2.

由连续波激光器输出的连续光(连续激光器输出的激光是连续的,不会出现中断的情况,输出功率不变;这个光信号由于只有单一频率,理想状态下在时域的波形是正弦波)通过偏振控制器输入到双极化正交相移键控调制器中,偏振控制器用来将入射光的偏振态与双极化正交相移键控调制器的主轴对准。同时,一列高斯脉冲电信号从任意波形发生器输出,首先由功分器1将其分成两路幅度、功率、频率均相等的第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号,第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号的频率与任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲电信号频率相同,第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号功率约为高斯脉冲电信号功率的一半;第二支路电信号输入进电延时线,引入延时τ1,其幅度、功率、频率保持不变,τ1的大小约等于输入高斯脉冲的半高全宽的一半。然后将第一支路电信号通过功分器2再分为两路幅度、功率、频率均相等的第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号,第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号功率约等于第一支路电信号功率的一半,频率与任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲电信号频率相同。再将第二支路电信号通过功分器3分为两路幅度、功率、频率均相等的第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号,第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号功率约等于第二支路电信号功率的一半,频率与任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲电信号频率相同。在第三支路电信号、第四支路电信号、第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号中分别引入电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器 3和电放大器4来分别调整各支路电信号的幅度(V1a、V1b、V2a、V2b),也就是调整马赫曾德尔调制器1a、马赫曾德尔调制器1b、马赫曾德尔调制器2a、马赫曾德尔调制器2b的调制指数(

Figure GDA0003653444830000031
Vπ为调制器的半波电压)。当连续光信号输入到双极化正交相移键控调制器中时, Y型分光器将入射光信号分为功率、频率相等的第七支路光信号和第八支路光信号,第七支路光信号和第八支路光信号光功率约等于入射光信号的一半,频率等于入射光信号的频率。第七支路光信号输入到正交相移键控调制器1中,第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号分别经过电放大器1和电放大器2输入到马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b中;控制直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2和直流稳压源3的输出电压,使马赫曾德尔调制器1a工作在最小传输点,马赫曾德尔调制器1b和母马赫曾德尔调制器1工作在最大传输点;然后通过控制电放大器1、电放大器2来调整马赫曾德尔调制器1a的调制指数β1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b的调制指数β1b,最后使得马赫曾德尔调制器1a输出一个正极性的高斯脉冲波形,使马赫曾德尔调制器1b输出负极性的双高斯脉冲波形(如图2(a)左侧所示),从而在正交相移键控调制器1输出处结合得到一个正二阶超宽带光信号 (如图2(a)右侧所示),然后进入到偏振合束器中;Continuous light output by a continuous wave laser (the laser output by a continuous wave laser is continuous, there will be no interruption, and the output power remains unchanged; since this optical signal has only a single frequency, the ideal waveform in the time domain is a sine wave) The input into the dual-polarization QPSK modulator is via a polarization controller, which is used to align the polarization state of the incident light with the principal axis of the dual-polarization QPSK modulator. At the same time, a series of Gaussian pulse electrical signals is output from the arbitrary waveform generator. First, the power divider 1 divides it into two first branch electrical signals and second branch electrical signals with equal amplitude, power and frequency. The frequency of the circuit electrical signal and the second branch electrical signal is the same as the frequency of the Gaussian pulse electrical signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator, and the power of the first branch electrical signal and the second branch electrical signal is about half of the power of the Gaussian pulse electrical signal; The second branch electrical signal is input to the incoming delay line, and the delay τ 1 is introduced, and its amplitude, power and frequency remain unchanged, and the size of τ 1 is approximately equal to half of the full width at half maximum of the input Gaussian pulse. Then the first branch electrical signal is subdivided into two third branch electrical signals and fourth branch electrical signals with equal amplitude, power and frequency through the power divider 2, the third branch electrical signal and the fourth branch electrical signal The power of the circuit electrical signal is approximately equal to half of the power of the first branch electrical signal, and the frequency is the same as the frequency of the Gaussian pulse electrical signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator. The second branch electrical signal is then divided into the fifth branch electrical signal and the sixth branch electrical signal with equal amplitude, power and frequency through the power divider 3, and the fifth branch electrical signal and the sixth branch electrical signal. The electrical signal power is approximately equal to half of the electrical signal power of the second branch, and the frequency is the same as the frequency of the Gaussian pulse electrical signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator. The electrical amplifier 1, the electrical amplifier 2, the electrical amplifier 3 and the electrical amplifier 4 are respectively introduced into the third branch electrical signal, the fourth branch electrical signal, the fifth branch electrical signal and the sixth branch electrical signal to adjust the The amplitudes of the branch electrical signals (V 1a , V 1b , V 2a , V 2b ), that is, adjusting the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a, Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b, Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a, Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b The modulation index of (
Figure GDA0003653444830000031
V π is the half-wave voltage of the modulator). When the continuous optical signal is input into the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator, the Y-type optical splitter divides the incident optical signal into the seventh branch optical signal and the eighth branch optical signal with equal power and frequency. The optical power of the optical signal of the seventh branch and the optical signal of the eighth branch is approximately equal to half of the incident optical signal, and the frequency is equal to the frequency of the incident optical signal. The seventh branch optical signal is input into the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1, and the third branch electrical signal and the fourth branch electrical signal are respectively input to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the fourth branch through the electrical amplifier 1 and the electrical amplifier 2. In Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b; control the output voltages of DC regulated source 1, DC regulated source 2 and DC regulated source 3, so that Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a works at the minimum transmission point, Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b and The female Mach-Zehnder modulator 1 works at the maximum transmission point; then the modulation index β 1a of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the modulation index β 1b of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b are adjusted by controlling the electric amplifier 1 and the electric amplifier 2, and finally Make the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a output a positive-polarity Gaussian pulse waveform, and make the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b output a negative-polarity double-Gaussian pulse waveform (as shown on the left side of Figure 2(a)), so that the quadrature phase shift The output of the keying modulator 1 is combined to obtain a positive second-order ultra-broadband optical signal (as shown on the right side of Figure 2(a)), and then enters the polarization beam combiner;

第八支路光信号输入到正交相移键控调制器2中,第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号分别经电放大器3和电放大器4输入到马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b中;控制直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5和直流稳压源6的输出电压,使马赫曾德尔调制器2b工作在最小传输点,马赫曾德尔调制器2a和母马赫曾德尔调制器2工作在最大传输点;通过控制电放大器3、电放大器4来调整马赫曾德尔调制器2a的调制指数β2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b的调制指数β2b,最后使马赫曾德尔调制器2a输出负极性的高斯脉冲波形,使马赫曾德尔调制器2b输出正极性的双高斯脉冲波形(如图2(b)左侧所示),由于马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b的工作传输点与马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b的工作传输点状态相反,因此马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器 2b输出了与马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b相反的波形,从而在正交相移键控调制器2输出处结合得到一个延时了τ1的负二阶超宽带光信号(如图2(b)右侧所示);然后该负二阶超宽带光信号的偏振态被90度偏振旋转器旋转了90度,从而其偏振态与正二阶超宽带光信号的偏振态成正交关系(如图2(c) 左侧所示),然后进入到偏振合束器中;通过偏振合束器将正交相移键控调制器 1和正交相移键控调制器2输出的正二阶超宽带光信号和负二阶超宽带光信号结合,然后通过耦合器分成第九支路光信号和第十支路光信号,它们的功率约为原光信号的一半,频率等于原光信号;第九支路光信号输入到平衡光电探测器中的光电探测器1,经过光电转换后,极性相反的正二阶超宽带光信号和负二阶超宽带光信号结合,生成正三阶超宽带信号(如图2(c)所示);第十支路光信号通过光延时线延时了τ2,τ2的大小约等于输入电高斯脉冲的半高全宽的一半,然后输入到平衡光电探测器中的光电探测器2,经过光电转换后,生成一个负三阶超宽带信号(如图2(d)所示);最终,在平衡光电探测器的输出端,两个极性相反的正三阶超宽带信号和负三阶超宽带信号结合,生成一个正四阶超宽带信号(如图2(e)所示);由平衡光电探测器和光延时线构成的延时线滤波器作为一阶微分器使用,相当于对三阶超宽信号进行了一阶微分,从而生成了正四阶超宽带信号;当把电延时线从第一支路电信号换到第二支路电信号时,可以生成负四阶超宽带信号,其原理与生成正四阶超宽带信号的原理一致,生成负四阶超宽带信号过程的示意图如图2(f)所示。The optical signal of the eighth branch is input into the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2, and the electrical signal of the fifth branch and the electrical signal of the sixth branch are respectively input to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the electrical amplifier 4 through the electric amplifier 3 and the electric amplifier 4. In the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b; the output voltages of the DC voltage regulator source 4, the DC voltage regulator source 5 and the DC voltage regulator source 6 are controlled to make the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b work at the minimum transmission point, and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and The female Mach-Zehnder modulator 2 works at the maximum transmission point; by controlling the electric amplifier 3 and the electric amplifier 4, the modulation index β 2a of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the modulation index β 2b of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b are adjusted, and finally the The Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a outputs a negative-polarity Gaussian pulse waveform, so that the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b outputs a positive-polarity double-Gaussian pulse waveform (as shown on the left side of Fig. 2(b)). Since the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the The working transmission point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b is opposite to that of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b, so the output of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b is the same as that of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b. The waveforms of the Del modulator 1a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b are opposite, so that a negative second-order ultra-wideband optical signal with a delay of τ 1 is obtained by combining at the output of the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2 (as shown in Figure 2(b). ) shown on the right); then the polarization state of the negative second-order UWB optical signal is rotated 90 degrees by a 90-degree polarization rotator, so that its polarization state is orthogonal to that of the positive second-order UWB optical signal (eg Figure 2(c) is shown on the left), and then enters the polarization beam combiner; The broadband optical signal and the negative second-order ultra-broadband optical signal are combined, and then divided into the ninth branch optical signal and the tenth branch optical signal through the coupler, their power is about half of the original optical signal, and the frequency is equal to the original optical signal; The optical signals of the nine branches are input to the photodetector 1 in the balanced photodetector. After photoelectric conversion, the positive second-order ultra-broadband optical signal and the negative second-order ultra-broadband optical signal with opposite polarities are combined to generate a positive third-order ultra-broadband signal ( As shown in Figure 2(c)); the optical signal of the tenth branch is delayed by τ 2 through the optical delay line, and the size of τ 2 is approximately equal to half of the full width at half maximum of the input electric Gaussian pulse, and then input to the balanced photodetector The photodetector 2 in , after photoelectric conversion, generates a negative third-order ultra-wideband signal (as shown in Figure 2(d)); finally, at the output of the balanced photodetector, two positive third-order signals with opposite polarities are generated. The UWB signal and the negative third-order UWB signal are combined to generate a positive fourth-order UWB signal (as shown in Fig. 2(e)); a delay line filter composed of a balanced photodetector and an optical delay line acts as a first-order differential It is equivalent to the first-order differentiation of the third-order ultra-wide signal, thereby generating a positive fourth-order ultra-wideband signal; when the electrical delay line is changed from the first branch electrical signal to the second branch electrical signal, it can be Generating a negative fourth-order UWB signal, the principle of which is consistent with the principle of generating a positive fourth-order UWB signal, generates A schematic diagram of the negative fourth-order UWB signal process is shown in Fig. 2(f).

一、二、三、四阶超宽带信号的频率是一样的,但是幅度、功率随着连接器件的增加会有所衰减。The frequencies of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th order UWB signals are the same, but the amplitude and power will be attenuated with the increase of the connected devices.

为了得到最佳的功率效率,建立了功率效率和四个调制指数(β1a、β1b、β2a、β2b)、电延时线的延时、光延时线的延时、任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲的半高全宽之间的关系。由于正交相移键控调制器1和正交相移键控调制器2输出的波形是对称的,我们令β1a=β2a=βa,β1b=β2b=βb。而由于电延时线和光延时线的延时是随着电高斯脉冲的半高全宽的变化而调整的,我们建立βa和βb在不同半高全宽时与功率效率的关系。功率效率的计算公式为

Figure GDA0003653444830000041
Figure GDA0003653444830000042
Pout表示生成的四阶超宽带信号频谱的功率密度,PFCC表示超宽带掩模在 3.1到10.6GHz之间的功率密度。首先用Matlab建立了系统的数学模型,然后计算出在输入电高斯脉冲半高全宽不同的情况下,βa=1~3、βb=3~6(取值间隔 0.02)时输出的不同超宽带信号频谱的功率效率,然后绘制βa、βb、功率效率三者之间的三维曲线,并对超过超宽带掩模的频谱所计算的功率效率赋值为0。首先令电高斯脉冲的半高全宽为140ps,令电延时为60ps、光延时为60ps,得到如图3(a)所示的关系曲线,结果表明当调制指数为βa=1.74和βb=4.76时最佳功率效率为44.09%;令电高斯脉冲的半高全宽为128ps,令电延时为55ps、光延时为60ps,得到如图3(b)所示的关系曲线,结果表明当调制指数为βa=1.82和βb= 4.72时最佳功率效率为51.12%;令电高斯脉冲的半高全宽为112ps,令电延时为 50ps、光延时为60ps,得到如图3(c)所示的关系曲线,结果表明当调制指数为βa=1.88和βb=4.48时最佳功率效率为54.16%;令电高斯脉冲的半高全宽为100ps,令电延时为50ps、光延时为50ps,得到如图3(d)所示的关系曲线,结果表明当调制指数为βa=2.56和βb=5.78时最佳功率效率为31.73%。通过比较得知,当任意波形发生器输出的电高斯脉冲的半高全宽为112ps,电延时为50ps,光延时为60ps,两个调制指数为1.88、4.88时可以获得理论最佳功率效率54.16%。在进行实验时,通过控制电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4使调制指数β1a=1.88、β1b=4.48、β2a=1.88、β2b=4.48,生成的四阶超宽带信号的功率效率为53.46%,接近理论分析值。In order to get the best power efficiency, the power efficiency and four modulation indices (β 1a , β 1b , β 2a , β 2b ), delay of electrical delay line, delay of optical delay line, arbitrary waveform generation are established The relationship between the full width at half maximum of the Gaussian pulse output by the device. Since the waveforms output by the QPSK modulator 1 and the QPSK modulator 2 are symmetrical, we make β 1a2aa , β 1b2bb . Since the delays of the electrical and optical delay lines are adjusted with the change of the full width at half maximum of the electrical Gaussian pulse, we establish the relationship between β a and β b and the power efficiency at different full widths at half maximum. The formula for calculating power efficiency is
Figure GDA0003653444830000041
Figure GDA0003653444830000042
Pout denotes the power density of the generated fourth-order UWB signal spectrum, and PFCC denotes the power density of the UWB mask between 3.1 and 10.6 GHz. Firstly, the mathematical model of the system is established with Matlab, and then the different ultra-widebands output when β a = 1 to 3 and β b = 3 to 6 (value interval 0.02) are calculated when the input electric Gaussian pulse is different in full width at half maximum. The power efficiency of the signal spectrum, then draw a three-dimensional curve between β a , β b , and the power efficiency, and assign a value of 0 to the calculated power efficiency for the spectrum that exceeds the UWB mask. First, let the full width at half maximum of the electric Gaussian pulse be 140ps, the electrical delay time is 60ps, and the optical delay time is 60ps, and the relationship curve shown in Figure 3(a) is obtained. The results show that when the modulation index is β a = 1.74 and β b = 4.76, the best power efficiency is 44.09%; the full width at half maximum of the electric Gaussian pulse is 128ps, the electrical delay is 55ps, and the optical delay is 60ps, and the relationship curve shown in Figure 3(b) is obtained. The results show that when When the modulation index is β a = 1.82 and β b = 4.72, the best power efficiency is 51.12%; let the full width at half maximum of the electric Gaussian pulse be 112ps, let the electric delay be 50ps, and the optical delay be 60ps, as shown in Figure 3(c ), the results show that the optimal power efficiency is 54.16% when the modulation index is β a = 1.88 and β b = 4.48; When the time is 50ps, the relationship curve shown in Fig. 3(d) is obtained. The result shows that the optimal power efficiency is 31.73% when the modulation index is β a =2.56 and β b =5.78. By comparison, it is known that when the full width at half maximum of the electrical Gaussian pulse output by the arbitrary waveform generator is 112ps, the electrical delay is 50ps, the optical delay is 60ps, and the two modulation indices are 1.88 and 4.88, the theoretical optimum power efficiency of 54.16 can be obtained. %. During the experiment, by controlling the electric amplifier 1, the electric amplifier 2, the electric amplifier 3, and the electric amplifier 4 so that the modulation indices β 1a =1.88, β 1b =4.48, β 2a =1.88, and β 2b =4.48, the generated fourth-order super The power efficiency of the broadband signal is 53.46%, which is close to the theoretical analysis value.

最后可以通过改变任意波形发生器输出的位编码序列来实现两种典型的通信调制模式:开关键控调制和脉冲位置调制。将数据编码序列定为“110101”。为了实现开关键控调制,令任意波形发生器输出的位编码序列“0001000”代表数据编码“1”,令位编码序列“0000000”代表数据编码“0”。为了实现脉冲位置调制,令位序列“0010000”代表数据“1”,令位序列“0000100”代表数据“0”。两种调制模式的成功实现,证明了本装置具有在数据通信系统中作为信号源的能力。Finally, two typical communication modulation modes can be realized by changing the bit code sequence output by the arbitrary waveform generator: on-off keying modulation and pulse position modulation. The data encoding sequence is set as "110101". In order to realize on-off keying modulation, let the bit code sequence "0001000" output by the arbitrary waveform generator represent the data code "1", and let the bit code sequence "0000000" represent the data code "0". In order to realize pulse position modulation, let the bit sequence "0010000" represent the data "1", and let the bit sequence "0000100" represent the data "0". The successful realization of the two modulation modes proves that the device has the ability to be used as a signal source in a data communication system.

本发明选用波长为1530nm~1565nm的可调谐激光器作连续波光源;耦合器为5:5的耦合器;双极化正交相移键控调制器的带宽为23GHz;平衡光电探测器的带宽为22GHz;任意波形发生器的输出比特率最大可达到65Gb/s;直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2、直流稳压源3、直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5、直流稳压源 6的输出电压的幅度在1V~20V可调;电延时线工作带宽为0~6GHz,延时范围 0~635ps,调节精度5ps;光延时线的延时范围0~330ps,调节精度0.001ps;电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4的工作带宽为0~20GHz,增益可调范围19dB~24dB;功分器1、功分器2、功分器3的工作带宽为0~18GHz。本发明所述的装置的特点:The invention selects a tunable laser with a wavelength of 1530nm to 1565nm as a continuous wave light source; the coupler is a 5:5 coupler; the bandwidth of the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator is 23GHz; the bandwidth of the balanced photodetector is 22GHz; the maximum output bit rate of the arbitrary waveform generator can reach 65Gb/s; DC voltage regulator 1, DC voltage regulator 2, DC voltage regulator 3, DC voltage regulator 4, DC regulator source 5, DC regulator The amplitude of the output voltage of the source 6 is adjustable from 1V to 20V; the working bandwidth of the electrical delay line is 0~6GHz, the delay range is 0~635ps, and the adjustment precision is 5ps; the delay range of the optical delay line is 0~330ps, and the adjustment precision 0.001ps; the working bandwidth of power amplifier 1, power amplifier 2, power amplifier 3, and power amplifier 4 is 0~20GHz, and the gain adjustable range is 19dB~24dB; the work of power divider 1, power divider 2, power divider 3 The bandwidth is from 0 to 18 GHz. Features of the device of the present invention:

(1)采用了易于集成的双极化正交相移键控调制器和易于集成的平衡光电探测器,装置结构简单紧凑,有助于实现光载超宽带通信系统中的集成信号源。(1) An easy-to-integrate dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator and an easy-to-integrate balanced photodetector are used, and the device has a simple and compact structure, which is helpful to realize an integrated signal source in an optical-borne ultra-wideband communication system.

(2)生成了高阶的超宽带信号,通过控制调制器的调制指数,使生成的超宽带信号的频谱较好的贴合美国联邦通信委员会规定的功率谱密度掩模,具有较高的功率效率。(2) A high-order ultra-wideband signal is generated, and by controlling the modulation index of the modulator, the spectrum of the generated ultra-wideband signal better fits the power spectral density mask specified by the FCC, and has a higher power efficiency.

(3)能够实现两种典型的通信调制模式,本装置可以用作光载超宽带通信系统的信号源。(3) Two typical communication modulation modes can be realized, and the device can be used as a signal source of an optical carrier ultra-wideband communication system.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1:微波光子四阶超宽带信号发生装置示意图;Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the microwave photon fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generator;

图2:脉冲形状生成过程的示意图;Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the pulse shape generation process;

图3:调制指数和功率效率的关系,在不同半高全宽情况下:(a)140ps; (b)128ps;(c)112ps;(d)100ps;Figure 3: The relationship between modulation index and power efficiency, in the case of different full width at half maximum: (a) 140ps; (b) 128ps; (c) 112ps; (d) 100ps;

图4:生成的三阶超宽带信号;Figure 4: Generated third-order UWB signal;

图5:生成的四阶超宽带信号;Figure 5: Generated fourth-order UWB signal;

图6:对编码“110101”实现的两种调制格式:(a)开关键控调制;(b)脉冲位置调制。Figure 6: Two modulation formats implemented for code "110101": (a) on-off keying modulation; (b) pulse position modulation.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1:Example 1:

激光源为Santec公司的TSL-510可调激光器,激光器的波长范围为 1510nm~1630nm;偏振控制器为四川梓冠公司的三环偏振控制器;双极化正交相移键控调制器为Fujitsu公司的FTM7977HQA,带宽为23GHz,工作的光波长为 1530nm~1610nm,其半波电压为3.5V;任意波形发生器是安捷伦公司的M8195A;直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2、直流稳压源3、直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5、直流稳压源6均为固纬公司的GPS-4303C,输出电压幅度在1V~20V可调;平衡光电探测器是Discoverysemi公司的DSC730,带宽为22GHz;频谱分析仪是安捷伦公司的N9010A,测量信号范围带宽为10Hz~26.5GHz;示波器是安捷伦公司的MSOV254A,测量信号带宽为25GHz;电延时线为GigaBaudics公司的PADL6,工作带宽为0-6GHz,延时范围0-635ps,调节精度5ps;光延时线为四川莱特索斯光电科技有限公司的可调光延时线,延时范围0-330ps,调节精度0.001ps;电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4均为Optilab公司的MD-20-M,工作带宽为0~20GHz,增益可调范围19dB~24dB;功分器1、功分器2、功分器 3均为PASTERNACK公司的PE2084,工作带宽为0~18GHz。The laser source is TSL-510 tunable laser from Santec Company, the wavelength range of the laser is 1510nm-1630nm; the polarization controller is the three-ring polarization controller of Sichuan Ziguan Company; the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator is Fujitsu The company's FTM7977HQA, the bandwidth is 23GHz, the working light wavelength is 1530nm ~ 1610nm, and its half-wave voltage is 3.5V; the arbitrary waveform generator is Agilent's M8195A; DC voltage regulator 1, DC voltage regulator 2, DC voltage regulator Source 3, DC stabilized source 4, DC stabilized source 5, and DC stabilized source 6 are GPS-4303C from Guwei Company, and the output voltage range is adjustable from 1V to 20V; the balanced photodetector is DSC730 from Discoverysemi Company, The bandwidth is 22GHz; the spectrum analyzer is Agilent's N9010A, the measurement signal range bandwidth is 10Hz ~ 26.5GHz; the oscilloscope is Agilent's MSOV254A, the measurement signal bandwidth is 25GHz; the electrical delay line is GigaBaudics' PADL6, and the working bandwidth is 0 -6GHz, the delay range is 0-635ps, and the adjustment accuracy is 5ps; the optical delay line is a dimmable delay line of Sichuan Lightsos Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd., the delay range is 0-330ps, and the adjustment accuracy is 0.001ps; electric amplifier 1 , Amplifier 2, Amplifier 3, Amplifier 4 are MD-20-M of Optilab Company, the working bandwidth is 0~20GHz, the gain adjustable range is 19dB~24dB; Device 3 is PE2084 of PASTERNACK Company, and its working bandwidth is 0-18GHz.

系统连接好之后,打开所有的仪器设备开关,使所有设备处于工作状态,首先激光器输出频率为193.414THz(对应波长为1550nm)的光信号,其功率为 11dBm,将其经过偏振控制器输入到双极化正交相移键控调制器中,被Y型分光器平分为功率相等的第七支路光信号和第八支路光信号,分别进入正交相移键控调制器1和正交相移键控调制器2。任意波形发生器输出的电高斯脉冲序列比特率为10Gb/s,以每32位一个“1”的位编码形式输出,相应于电高斯脉冲的重复率为312.5Mb/s,设置输出的电高斯脉冲的半高全宽为112ps。任意波形发生器输出的电高斯脉冲信号输入到功分器1中,被分为幅度、功率、频率相等的第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号,第二支路电信号连接电延时线,设置电延时线的延时为50ps。第一支路电信号又通过功分器2分为幅度、功率、频率相等的第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号,第三支路电信号经过电放大器1进入正交相移键控调制器1的马赫曾德尔调制器1a,第四支路电信号经过电放大器2进入正交相移键控调制器1的马赫曾德尔调制器1b。控制直流稳压源1输出电压为3.5V,直流稳压源2和直流稳压源3输出电压为0V。调节电放大器1和电放大器2,令马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b的调制指数接近理论分析值1.88 和4.48。第二支路电信号从电延时线输出后,被延迟了50ps,经功分器3分为幅度、功率、频率相等的第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号,第五支路电信号经过电放大器3进入正交相移键控调制器2的马赫曾德尔调制器2a,第六支路电信号经过电放大器4进入正交相移键控调制器2的马赫曾德尔调制器2b。然后控制直流稳压源5输出电压为3.5V,直流稳压源4和直流稳压源6输出电压为0V。调节电放大器3和电放大器4,令马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b 的调制指数接近理论分析值1.88和4.48。将双极化正交相移键控调制器的输出光信号输入到光耦合器中,光信号被分成功率相等的第九支路光信号和第十支路光信号。其中第九支路光信号进入平衡光电探测器的光电探测器1,光电转换后输出正三阶超宽带波形(如图4(a,b)所示)。图4(a)是生成的正三阶超宽带信号的时域波形,图4(b)是正三阶超宽带信号的频谱。第十支路光信号输入进光延时线中,设置光延时线的延时时间为60ps,然后光延时线输出的光信号进入平衡光电探测器的光电探测器2,光电转换后输出负三阶超宽带信号(如图4(c,d)所示)。图4(c)是生成的负三阶超宽带信号时域波形,图4(d)是负三阶超宽带信号的频谱。将平衡光电探测器中的光电探测器1和光电探测器2的输出耦合之后,平衡光电探测器输出了正四阶超宽带信号(如图5(a,b)所示)。图5(a)是生成的正四阶超宽带信号的时域波形,其半高全宽为40ps,波形具有较好的对称性。图5(b)是生成的正四阶超宽带信号的频谱,其10dB带宽约为6.88GHz,计算得到其功率效率为53.46%,接近理论值,而且在低频段没有多余分量,较好的贴合了超宽带掩模。当把电延时线从第二支路电信号换到第一支路电信号时,可以在平衡光电探测器的输出得到负四阶超宽带信号(如图5(c,d)所示)。图5(c)是生成的负四阶超宽带信号时域波形。图5(d)是生成的负四阶超宽带信号的频谱,与正四阶超宽带信号频谱几乎一致,较好的贴合了超宽带掩模。After the system is connected, turn on the switches of all instruments and equipment to make all the equipment in working state. First, the laser outputs an optical signal with a frequency of 193.414THz (corresponding to a wavelength of 1550nm), and its power is 11dBm. In the polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator, it is divided into the seventh branch optical signal and the eighth branch optical signal with equal power by the Y-type optical splitter, and enter the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1 and the quadrature optical signal respectively. Phase shift keying modulator 2. The bit rate of the electric Gaussian pulse sequence output by the arbitrary waveform generator is 10Gb/s, and it is output in the form of bit encoding with one "1" per 32 bits. The repetition rate corresponding to the electric Gaussian pulse is 312.5Mb/s. Set the output electric Gaussian pulse The full width at half maximum of the pulse is 112ps. The electrical Gaussian pulse signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator is input into the power divider 1, and is divided into a first branch electrical signal and a second branch electrical signal with equal amplitude, power and frequency, and the second branch electrical signal is connected to the electrical circuit. Delay line, set the delay of the electrical delay line to 50ps. The first branch electrical signal is further divided into the third branch electrical signal and the fourth branch electrical signal with equal amplitude, power and frequency through the power divider 2, and the third branch electrical signal enters the quadrature phase shift through the electrical amplifier 1 In the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a of the keying modulator 1, the fourth branch electrical signal enters the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b of the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1 through the electric amplifier 2. The output voltage of the control DC voltage regulator 1 is 3.5V, and the output voltage of the DC voltage regulator source 2 and the DC voltage regulator source 3 is 0V. The electrical amplifier 1 and the electrical amplifier 2 are adjusted so that the modulation indices of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b are close to the theoretical analysis values of 1.88 and 4.48. After the second branch electrical signal is output from the electrical delay line, it is delayed by 50ps, and is divided into the fifth branch electrical signal and the sixth branch electrical signal with equal amplitude, power and frequency by the power divider 3. The fifth branch electrical signal is The circuit electrical signal enters the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a of the QPSK modulator 2 through the electrical amplifier 3, and the sixth branch electrical signal enters the Mach-Zehnder modulation of the QPSK modulator 2 through the electrical amplifier 4 device 2b. Then, the output voltage of the DC voltage regulator source 5 is controlled to be 3.5V, and the output voltage of the DC voltage regulator source 4 and the DC voltage regulator source 6 is 0V. The electrical amplifier 3 and the electrical amplifier 4 are adjusted so that the modulation indices of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b are close to the theoretical analysis values of 1.88 and 4.48. The output optical signal of the dual-polarized quadrature phase shift keying modulator is input into the optical coupler, and the optical signal is divided into a ninth branch optical signal and a tenth branch optical signal with equal power. The optical signal of the ninth branch enters the photodetector 1 of the balanced photodetector, and outputs a positive third-order ultra-broadband waveform after photoelectric conversion (as shown in Fig. 4(a, b)). Fig. 4(a) is the time domain waveform of the generated positive third-order UWB signal, and Fig. 4(b) is the frequency spectrum of the positive third-order UWB signal. The optical signal of the tenth branch is input into the optical delay line, and the delay time of the optical delay line is set to 60ps, and then the optical signal output by the optical delay line enters the photodetector 2 of the balanced photodetector, and is output after photoelectric conversion. Negative third-order UWB signal (shown in Fig. 4(c,d)). Fig. 4(c) is the time domain waveform of the generated negative third-order UWB signal, and Fig. 4(d) is the frequency spectrum of the negative third-order UWB signal. After coupling the outputs of photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 in the balanced photodetector, the balanced photodetector outputs a positive fourth-order ultra-wideband signal (as shown in Figure 5(a,b)). Fig. 5(a) is the time domain waveform of the generated positive fourth-order UWB signal, whose full width at half maximum is 40ps, and the waveform has good symmetry. Figure 5(b) is the spectrum of the generated positive fourth-order UWB signal, its 10dB bandwidth is about 6.88GHz, its power efficiency is calculated to be 53.46%, close to the theoretical value, and there is no excess component in the low frequency band, which is a good fit UWB mask. When the electrical delay line is changed from the second branch electrical signal to the first branch electrical signal, a negative fourth-order ultra-wideband signal can be obtained at the output of the balanced photodetector (as shown in Fig. 5(c, d)) . Figure 5(c) is the generated negative fourth-order UWB signal time domain waveform. Figure 5(d) is the spectrum of the generated negative fourth-order UWB signal, which is almost identical to the spectrum of the positive fourth-order UWB signal, and fits well with the UWB mask.

最后为了验证该装置在数据通信系统中的应用能力,实现了两种典型的调制模式:开关键控调制和脉冲位置调制。将输出的数据编码序列定为“110101”。首先为了实现开关键控调制,令任意波形发生器输出的电高斯脉冲位编码序列“0001000”代表数据编码“1”,令位编码序列“0000000”代表数据编码“0”。设置任意波形发生器输出的位编码序列为“0001000 0001000 0000000 0001000 0000000 0001000”,比特率为10Gb/s。图6(a)展示了生成的开关键控调制的四阶超宽带脉冲序列。然后为了实现脉冲位置调制,令位序列“0010000”代表数据“1”,令位序列“0000100”代表数据“0”。设置任意波形发生器输出的位编码序列为“0010000 0010000 0000100 0010000 0000100 0010000”,比特率为10Gb/s。图6(b)展示了生成的脉冲位置调制的四阶超宽带脉冲序列,可以看到“1”和“0”的脉冲位置有着明显的差别。因此该装置可以作为光载超宽带通信系统中的信号源。Finally, in order to verify the application capability of the device in data communication systems, two typical modulation modes are implemented: on-off keying modulation and pulse position modulation. The output data encoding sequence is set as "110101". First of all, in order to realize on-off keying modulation, let the electric Gaussian pulse bit code sequence "0001000" output by the arbitrary waveform generator represent the data code "1", and let the bit code sequence "0000000" represent the data code "0". Set the bit code sequence output by the arbitrary waveform generator to "0001000 0001000 0000000 0001000 0000000 0001000", and the bit rate is 10Gb/s. Figure 6(a) shows the generated fourth-order UWB pulse sequence for on-off keying modulation. Then, in order to realize the pulse position modulation, let the bit sequence "0010000" represent the data "1", and let the bit sequence "0000100" represent the data "0". Set the bit code sequence output by the arbitrary waveform generator to "0010000 0010000 0000100 0010000 0000100 0010000", and the bit rate is 10Gb/s. Figure 6(b) shows the generated fourth-order UWB pulse sequence with pulse position modulation, and it can be seen that there is a clear difference between the pulse positions of "1" and "0". Therefore, the device can be used as a signal source in an optical carrier ultra-wideband communication system.

Claims (6)

1.一种基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置,其特征在于:由连续波激光器、偏振控制器、任意波形发生器、电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4、功分器1、功分器2、功分器3、电延时线、双极化正交相移键控调制器、耦合器、直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2、直流稳压源3、直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5、直流稳压源6、光延时线、平衡光电探测器组成;双极化正交相移键控调制器是集成在单个芯片上的商用器件,由Y型分光器、正交相移键控调制器1、正交相移键控调制器2、90度偏振旋转器、偏振合束器构成;其中,正交相移键控调制器1由嵌入在母马赫曾德尔调制器1两个臂上的马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b构成,电放大器1、直流稳压源1与马赫曾德尔调制器1a相连接,电放大器2、直流稳压源2与马赫曾德尔调制器1b相连接,直流稳压源3与母马赫曾德尔调制器1相连接;正交相移键控调制器2由嵌入在母马赫曾德尔调制器2两个臂上的马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b构成,电放大器3、直流稳压源4与马赫曾德尔调制器2a相连接,电放大器4、直流稳压源5与马赫曾德尔调制器2b相连接,直流稳压源6与母马赫曾德尔调制器2相连接;1. a fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generator based on microwave photon, is characterized in that: by continuous wave laser, polarization controller, arbitrary waveform generator, electric amplifier 1, electric amplifier 2, electric amplifier 3, electric amplifier 4, Power divider 1, power divider 2, power divider 3, electrical delay line, dual polarized quadrature phase shift keying modulator, coupler, DC voltage regulator 1, DC voltage regulator 2, DC regulator Source 3, DC voltage regulator source 4, DC voltage regulator source 5, DC voltage regulator source 6, optical delay line, balanced photodetector; dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator is integrated on a single chip The commercial device is composed of a Y-type optical splitter, a quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1, a quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2, a 90-degree polarization rotator, and a polarization beam combiner; among them, the quadrature phase shift keying modulation The device 1 is composed of a Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and a Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b embedded in the two arms of the female Mach-Zehnder modulator 1, and an electric amplifier 1 and a DC voltage stabilized source 1 are connected with the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a. , the electric amplifier 2, the DC voltage regulator 2 are connected with the Mach Zehnder modulator 1b, the DC voltage regulator source 3 is connected with the female Mach Zehnder modulator 1; the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2 is embedded in the female Mach The Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b on the two arms of the Zehnder modulator 2 are formed. The electric amplifier 3 and the DC voltage stabilizer source 4 are connected to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a, and the electric amplifier 4 and the DC stabilizer are connected. The voltage source 5 is connected with the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b, and the DC voltage-stabilized source 6 is connected with the female Mach-Zehnder modulator 2; 由连续波激光器输出的连续光通过偏振控制器输入到双极化正交相移键控调制器中,偏振控制器用来将入射光的偏振态与双极化正交相移键控调制器的主轴对准;同时,一列高斯脉冲电信号从任意波形发生器输出,首先由功分器1将其分成两路幅度、功率、频率均相等的第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号,第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号的频率与任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲电信号频率相同,第一支路电信号和第二支路电信号功率为高斯脉冲电信号功率的一半;第二支路电信号输入进电延时线,引入延时τ1,其幅度、功率、频率保持不变,τ1的大小等于输入高斯脉冲的半高全宽的一半;然后将第一支路电信号通过功分器2再分为两路幅度、功率、频率均相等的第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号,第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号功率等于第一支路电信号功率的一半,频率与任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲电信号频率相同;再将第二支路电信号通过功分器3分为两路幅度、功率、频率均相等的第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号,第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号功率等于第二支路电信号功率的一半,频率与任意波形发生器输出的高斯脉冲电信号频率相同;当连续光信号输入到双极化正交相移键控调制器中时,Y型分光器将入射光信号分为功率、频率相等的第七支路光信号和第八支路光信号,第七支路光信号和第八支路光信号光功率等于入射光信号的一半,频率等于入射光信号的频率;第七支路光信号输入到正交相移键控调制器1中,第三支路电信号和第四支路电信号分别经过电放大器1和电放大器2输入到马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b中;控制直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2和直流稳压源3的输出电压,使马赫曾德尔调制器1a工作在最小传输点,马赫曾德尔调制器1b和母马赫曾德尔调制器1工作在最大传输点;然后通过控制电放大器1、电放大器2来调整马赫曾德尔调制器1a的调制指数β1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b的调制指数β1b,最后使得马赫曾德尔调制器1a输出一个正极性的高斯脉冲波形,使马赫曾德尔调制器1b输出负极性的双高斯脉冲波形,从而在正交相移键控调制器1输出处结合得到一个正二阶超宽带光信号,然后进入到偏振合束器中;第八支路光信号输入到正交相移键控调制器2中,第五支路电信号和第六支路电信号分别经电放大器3和电放大器4输入到马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b中;控制直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5和直流稳压源6的输出电压,使马赫曾德尔调制器2b工作在最小传输点,马赫曾德尔调制器2a和母马赫曾德尔调制器2工作在最大传输点;通过控制电放大器3、电放大器4来调整马赫曾德尔调制器2a的调制指数β2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b的调制指数β2b,最后使马赫曾德尔调制器2a输出负极性的高斯脉冲波形,使马赫曾德尔调制器2b输出正极性的双高斯脉冲波形,由于马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b的工作传输点与马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b的工作传输点状态相反,因此马赫曾德尔调制器2a和马赫曾德尔调制器2b输出了与马赫曾德尔调制器1a和马赫曾德尔调制器1b相反的波形,从而在正交相移键控调制器2输出处结合得到一个延时了τ1的负二阶超宽带光信号;然后该负二阶超宽带光信号的偏振态被90度偏振旋转器旋转了90度,从而其偏振态与正二阶超宽带光信号的偏振态成正交关系,然后进入到偏振合束器中;通过偏振合束器将正交相移键控调制器1和正交相移键控调制器2输出的正二阶超宽带光信号和负二阶超宽带光信号结合,然后通过耦合器分成第九支路光信号和第十支路光信号,它们的功率为原光信号的一半,频率等于原光信号;第九支路光信号输入到平衡光电探测器中的光电探测器1,经过光电转换后,极性相反的正二阶超宽带光信号和负二阶超宽带光信号结合,生成正三阶超宽带信号;第十支路光信号通过光延时线延时了τ2,τ2的大小等于输入电高斯脉冲的半高全宽的一半,然后输入到平衡光电探测器中的光电探测器2,经过光电转换后,生成一个负三阶超宽带信号;最终,在平衡光电探测器的输出端,两个极性相反的正三阶超宽带信号和负三阶超宽带信号结合,生成一个正四阶超宽带信号;由平衡光电探测器和光延时线构成的延时线滤波器作为一阶微分器使用,相当于对三阶超宽信号进行了一阶微分,从而生成了正四阶超宽带信号。The continuous light output by the continuous wave laser is input into the dual-polarization QPSK modulator through the polarization controller, and the polarization controller is used to compare the polarization state of the incident light with the dual-polarization QPSK modulator. The main axis is aligned; at the same time, a series of Gaussian pulse electrical signals is output from the arbitrary waveform generator, which is firstly divided into two first branch electrical signals and second branch electrical signals with equal amplitude, power and frequency by the power divider 1 , the frequencies of the first branch electrical signal and the second branch electrical signal are the same as the frequency of the Gaussian pulse electrical signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator, and the power of the first branch electrical signal and the second branch electrical signal is the Gaussian pulse electrical signal power The second branch electrical signal is input into the incoming delay line, and the delay τ 1 is introduced, and its amplitude, power and frequency remain unchanged, and the size of τ 1 is equal to half of the full width at half maximum of the input Gaussian pulse; then the first The branch electrical signal is subdivided into two third branch electrical signals and fourth branch electrical signals with equal amplitude, power and frequency through the power divider 2. The third branch electrical signal and the fourth branch electrical signal power It is equal to half of the power of the first branch electrical signal, and the frequency is the same as the frequency of the Gaussian pulse electrical signal output by the arbitrary waveform generator; then the second branch electrical signal is divided into two channels by the power divider 3, with equal amplitude, power and frequency The electrical signal of the fifth branch and the electrical signal of the sixth branch, the power of the electrical signal of the fifth branch and the electrical signal of the sixth branch is equal to half of the power of the electrical signal of the second branch, and the frequency is the same as the Gaussian pulse output by the arbitrary waveform generator The frequency of the electrical signal is the same; when the continuous optical signal is input into the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator, the Y-type optical splitter divides the incident optical signal into the seventh branch optical signal and the eighth branch optical signal with equal power and frequency optical signal, the optical power of the seventh branch optical signal and the eighth branch optical signal is equal to half of the incident optical signal, and the frequency is equal to the frequency of the incident optical signal; the seventh branch optical signal is input to the quadrature phase shift keying modulator In 1, the electrical signal of the third branch and the electrical signal of the fourth branch are respectively input to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b through the electrical amplifier 1 and the electrical amplifier 2; The output voltages of regulated source 2 and DC regulated source 3 make Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a work at the minimum transmission point, and Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b and female Mach-Zehnder modulator 1 work at the maximum transmission point; then by controlling The electrical amplifier 1 and the electrical amplifier 2 adjust the modulation index β 1a of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the modulation index β 1b of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b, and finally make the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a output a positive Gaussian pulse waveform, Make the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b output a negative-polarity double Gaussian pulse waveform, so as to combine at the output of the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1 to obtain a positive second-order ultra-broadband optical signal, and then enter the polarization beam combiner; eighth The branch optical signal is input into the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2, and the fifth branch electrical signal and the sixth branch electrical signal are input to the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the Mach-Zehnder through the electrical amplifier 3 and the electrical amplifier 4 respectively. In Del modulator 2b; control the output voltage of DC voltage regulator 4, DC voltage regulator 5 and DC voltage regulator 6 , so that the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b works at the minimum transmission point, and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and the female Mach-Zehnder modulator 2 work at the maximum transmission point; adjust the Mach-Zehnder modulator by controlling the electric amplifier 3 and the electric amplifier 4 The modulation index β 2a of 2a and the modulation index β 2b of Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b , finally make Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a output a negative-polarity Gaussian pulse waveform, and make Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b output a positive-polarity double Gaussian pulse waveform , since the working transmission points of Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b are opposite to those of Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b, so Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and Mach-Zehnder modulator 2a and Mach-Zehnder modulator The output of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 2b is the opposite of that of the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1a and the Mach-Zehnder modulator 1b, which combine at the output of the QPSK modulator 2 to obtain a negative second-order superimposed delay τ 1 . broadband optical signal; then the polarization state of the negative second-order ultra-broadband optical signal is rotated by 90 degrees by a 90-degree polarization rotator, so that its polarization state is orthogonal to that of the positive second-order ultra-broadband optical signal, and then enters the polarization state In the beam combiner; the positive second-order ultra-broadband optical signal and the negative second-order ultra-broadband optical signal output by the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 1 and the quadrature phase shift keying modulator 2 are combined through the polarization beam combiner, and then passed through The coupler is divided into the ninth branch optical signal and the tenth branch optical signal, their power is half of the original optical signal, and the frequency is equal to the original optical signal; the ninth branch optical signal is input to the photodetector in the balanced photodetector 1. After photoelectric conversion, the positive second-order ultra-broadband optical signal and the negative second-order ultra-broadband optical signal with opposite polarities are combined to generate a positive third-order ultra-broadband signal; the tenth branch optical signal is delayed by τ 2 through the optical delay line , the size of τ 2 is equal to half of the full width at half maximum of the input electric Gaussian pulse, and then input to the photodetector 2 in the balanced photodetector, after photoelectric conversion, a negative third-order ultra-wideband signal is generated; finally, in the balanced photodetector At the output end of the device, two positive third-order UWB signals and negative third-order UWB signals with opposite polarities are combined to generate a positive fourth-order UWB signal; the delay line filter composed of balanced photodetector and optical delay line is used as the The use of a first-order differentiator is equivalent to performing a first-order differentiation on a third-order ultra-wide signal, thereby generating a positive fourth-order ultra-wideband signal. 2.如权利要求1所述的一种基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置,其特征在于:选用波长为1530nm~1565nm的可调谐激光器作连续波光源;耦合器为5:5的耦合器;双极化正交相移键控调制器的带宽为23GHz,平衡光电探测器的带宽为22GHz;任意波形发生器的输出比特率最大可达到65Gb/s;直流稳压源1、直流稳压源2、直流稳压源3、直流稳压源4、直流稳压源5、直流稳压源6的输出电压的幅度在1V~20V可调;电延时线工作带宽为0~6GHz,延时范围0~635ps,调节精度5ps;光延时线的延时范围0~330ps,调节精度0.001ps;电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4的工作带宽为0~20GHz,增益可调范围19dB~24dB;功分器1、功分器2、功分器3的工作带宽为0~18GHz。2. a kind of fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generating device based on microwave photons as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: selecting the tunable laser with wavelength of 1530nm~1565nm to make continuous wave light source; Coupler is the coupling of 5:5 The bandwidth of the dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulator is 23GHz, and the bandwidth of the balanced photodetector is 22GHz; the output bit rate of the arbitrary waveform generator can reach up to 65Gb/s; Voltage source 2, DC voltage stabilizer source 3, DC voltage stabilizer source 4, DC voltage stabilizer source 5, and DC voltage stabilizer source 6 have an adjustable output voltage range of 1V to 20V; the working bandwidth of the electrical delay line is 0 to 6GHz. The delay range is 0~635ps, and the adjustment accuracy is 5ps; the delay range of the optical delay line is 0~330ps, and the adjustment accuracy is 0.001ps; the working bandwidth of the electric amplifier 1, electric amplifier 2, electric amplifier 3, electric amplifier 4 is 0 ~ 20GHz , the gain adjustable range is 19dB ~ 24dB; the working bandwidth of power divider 1, power divider 2, and power divider 3 is 0 ~ 18GHz. 3.如权利要求1所述的一种基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置,其特征在于:通过控制电放大器1、电放大器2、电放大器3、电放大器4使调制指数β1a=1.88、β1b=4.48、β2a=1.88、β2b=4.48,生成的四阶超宽带信号的功率效率为53.46%。3. a kind of fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generating device based on microwave photon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: by controlling electric amplifier 1, electric amplifier 2, electric amplifier 3, electric amplifier 4, make modulation index β 1a = 1.88, β 1b =4.48, β 2a =1.88, β 2b =4.48, the power efficiency of the generated fourth-order UWB signal is 53.46%. 4.如权利要求1所述的一种基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置,其特征在于:把电延时线从第一支路电信号换到第二支路电信号时,生成负四阶超宽带信号。4. a kind of fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generating device based on microwave photon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when changing the electrical delay line from the first branch electrical signal to the second branch electrical signal, generate Negative fourth order UWB signal. 5.如权利要求1、2、3或4所述的一种基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置,其特征在于:通过改变任意波形发生器输出的位编码序列来实现开关键控调制和脉冲位置调制两种典型的通信调制模式。5. a kind of fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generating device based on microwave photon as claimed in claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that: realize on-off keying modulation by changing the bit code sequence of arbitrary waveform generator output and pulse position modulation are two typical communication modulation modes. 6.如权利要求5所述的一种基于微波光子的四阶超宽带信号发生装置,其特征在于:令任意波形发生器输出的位编码序列“0001000”代表数据编码“1”,令位编码序列“0000000”代表数据编码“0”,实现开关键控调制;令位序列“0010000”代表数据“1”,令位序列“0000100”代表数据“0”,实现脉冲位置调制。6. a kind of fourth-order ultra-wideband signal generating device based on microwave photon as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: make the bit code sequence " 0001000 " that the arbitrary waveform generator outputs represent data code " 1 ", let the bit code The sequence "0000000" represents the data code "0" to realize on-off keying modulation; the bit sequence "0010000" represents the data "1", and the bit sequence "0000100" represents the data "0" to realize the pulse position modulation.
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微波光子变频与超宽带信号的光学产生技术研究;梁萌萌;《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士)信息科技辑》;20131215;全文 *

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