CN111446087A - Nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor electrode material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor electrode material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof. The nano flower-shaped Ni-Co bimetal phosphide (NiCoP) prepared by the invention has high specific capacitance (1174F g) when used as an electrode material of a super capacitor‑1at 1A g‑1) And excellent cycling stability (specific capacitance decays only 22.7% after 5000 cycles); the asymmetric super capacitor assembled by respectively using the nano flower-shaped NiCoP electrode material and Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) as positive and negative active materials prepared by the invention is 800W kg‑1Has a power density of 38.01Wh kg‑1Energy density of, and the deviceHas a long cycle life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of super capacitors, and particularly relates to a nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, concerns about severe shortage of energy and environmental pollution have been increased, and researchers have been prompted to search for renewable energy sources to replace non-renewable fossil fuels. Supercapacitors (SCs), an emerging electrochemical energy storage and conversion device, fill the gap between traditional capacitors and rechargeable batteries in terms of energy and power density, and have an irreplaceable unique position. Since the nature and energy storage mechanism of SCs depend to a large extent on the electrode active material, the electrochemical performance thereof can be improved by adjusting the structure and elemental composition of the inorganic material. At present, various electrode active materials such as carbonaceous materials, transition metal oxides/hydroxides, conjugated polymers, and the like have been widely studied. Unfortunately, metal oxides and hydroxides generally have poor electrical conductivity and do not achieve satisfactory rate performance.
Transition Metal Phosphides (TMPs) are widely used as electrode active materials for rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors due to their metalloid properties, high conductivity, abundant active sites and good structural stability. These properties allow TMPs to exhibit high capacity and excellent rate performance when used as electrode materials for energy storage devices. Therefore, various TMPs such as molybdenum phosphide, iron phosphide, cobalt phosphide, nickel phosphide and the like have become research hotspots of electrode materials of the super capacitor. The binary metal phosphide has higher conductivity and more abundant active sites than the single metal component. Thus, the binary metal phosphide/phosphate has good pseudocapacitance properties.
Metal-organic framework Materials (MOFs) have the advantage of high porosity, are periodic network structures self-assembled by metal ions and organic ligands, and have low density and large specific surface area. The MOFs are bifunctional materials having both sacrificial templates and metal precursors, and play an important role in the preparation of materials with unique microstructures. However, due to the intrinsic defects of MOF materials, their conductivity is low and their structural stability is poor, resulting in capacitance decay and rate performance degradation. In order to improve the specific capacitance and stability of MOF-based supercapacitors, MOF materials are often used as precursors to prepare their derivatives, thereby forming a continuous conductive network to facilitate charge transfer. Various MOF-derived composite materials, such as oxides, sulfides, etc., have been successfully synthesized and used as electrode materials for SCs. However, studies on the pseudocapacitive properties of MOF-derived binary metal phosphides have been rarely reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material, a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems of poor conductivity and unstable structure of a metal organic framework in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a metal organic framework material, comprising the following steps:
mixing Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O、Co(NO3)2·6H2O、H4Uniformly dispersing DOBDC and PVP in a mixed solution of ethanol, distilled water and DMF, and uniformly stirring; transferring the clear solution into a high-pressure kettle, then placing the high-pressure kettle in a forced air drying oven for hydrothermal reaction, and obtaining turbid solution after the reaction is finished; centrifuging to collect the precipitate, sequentially cleaning the precipitate with ethanol and distilled water, and washing away residual reagent and byproducts; finally, drying in vacuum at 70 ℃ to obtain a Ni/Co-MOFs precursor;
s2, synthesizing three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped bimetal phosphide NiCoP, comprising the following steps:
ni is treated in a tube furnace under an ultra-pure Ar atmosphereCarrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on the Co-MOFs precursor: first, Ni/Co-MOFs precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O is respectively placed in two porcelain boats and NaH is placed in the porcelain boats2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O; then, heating the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor to 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 h; and cooling to room temperature to obtain black three-dimensional nano flower-shaped bimetallic phosphide NiCoP.
Further, in the step S1, Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O、Co(NO3)2·6H2O、H4The amounts of DOBDC and PVP were 290mg, 125mg, 50mg and 1.5g, respectively; the volume ratio of ethanol, distilled water and DMF in the mixed solution is 1:1:1, and the dosage of the mixed solution is 30 ml.
Further, in the step S1, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours; the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 7000r/min, and the centrifugation time is 3 min.
Further, in the step S2, Ni/Co-MOFs precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2The mass ratio of O is 1:4-1: 10.
Further, in the step S2, in the low-temperature phosphating reaction, the heating rate of heating the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor to 300 ℃ is 3 ℃/min.
Furthermore, the nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material prepared by the preparation method.
Furthermore, the three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped bimetal phosphide NiCoP is used for manufacturing an electrode.
Further, the application comprises the following steps: the three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black are respectively used as an electrode active substance, a binder and a conductive agent, and the mass ratio of NiCoP: polyvinylidene fluoride: acetylene black ═ 8: 1:1, mixing, transferring to N-methyl pyrrolidone, and grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry; and uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel, drying and tabletting to obtain the NiCoP electrode.
The nickel foam is used as a current collector and does not provide performance, the nickel foam is treated by 6M hydrochloric acid before use to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the nickel foam, the size of the nickel foam is 1 × 2cm, the dosage of the three-dimensional nano flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP is 30mg, the dosage of N-methyl pyrrolidone is 3M L, the pressure during tabletting is 15MPa, and the duration is 20 s.
Further, the three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP is used as a positive electrode material of the super capacitor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes a bimetallic organic framework as a precursor, and adopts a low-temperature phosphorization method to synthesize the nanometer flower-shaped metal phosphide. The metal organic framework is used as a precursor, so that the specific surface area and the conductivity of the material can be greatly improved. The ultra-thin two-dimensional nano-platelets promote electrolyte diffusion, while the presence of P in the platelets helps to improve the electrical conductivity and structural stability of the material. The three-dimensional structure formed by the two-dimensional nanosheets can effectively avoid agglomeration of the nanosheets, thereby significantly improving the performance of the supercapacitor. The preparation method is simple and feasible, the controllability of the micro-morphology is good, and the prepared nano flower-shaped NiCoP has high specific capacitance (1174F g) when being used as the electrode material of the super capacitor based on the structural characteristics of MOFs precursor and the synergistic effect of Co and Ni ions-1at 1A g-1) And excellent cycling stability (specific capacitance decays only 22.7% after 5000 cycles); the asymmetric super capacitor assembled by respectively using the NiCoP electrode material and Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) as positive and negative active materials is 800W kg-1Has a power density of 38.01Wh kg-1At the same time, the device has a long cycle life (the specific capacity decays by only 16.4% after 5000 cycles).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of NiCo-MOF and NiCoP obtained in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph of NiCoP obtained in example 2;
FIG. 3 is an XRD plot corresponding to NiCo-MOF and NiCoP obtained in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum corresponding to NiCo-MOF and NiCoP obtained in examples 1 and 2;
FIG. 5 is a plot of cyclic voltammetry curves of the precursor and metal phosphide electrode materials prepared in examples 1-5 in a 1 mol/L potassium hydroxide electrolyte;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing constant current charging and discharging curves of the precursor and the metal phosphide electrode materials prepared in examples 1-5 in a 1 mol/L potassium hydroxide electrolyte;
fig. 7 is a graph of energy density versus power density for the asymmetric supercapacitor device prepared in example 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A preparation method of a nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a metal organic framework material, comprising the following steps:
290mg of Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O、125mg Co(NO3)2·6H2O、50mg H4Uniformly dispersing DOBDC and 1.5g PVP in 30ml of mixed solution of ethanol, distilled water and DMF at the volume ratio of 1:1:1, and uniformly stirring; transferring the clear solution into a high-pressure kettle, then placing the high-pressure kettle in a blast drying oven to 160 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours, and obtaining turbid solution after the reaction is finished; centrifuging at the rotation speed of 7000r/min for 3min, collecting the precipitate, sequentially cleaning the precipitate with ethanol and distilled water, and washing away residual reagent and byproducts; finally, drying in vacuum at 70 ℃ to obtain a Ni/Co-MOFs precursor;
s2, synthesizing three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped bimetal phosphide NiCoP, comprising the following steps:
carrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on Ni/Co-MOFs precursors in an ultra-pure Ar atmosphere in a tubular furnace: first, Ni/Co-MOFs precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O is respectively arranged in two porcelain boats(Ni/Co-MOFs precursors and NaH2PO2·2H2The mass ratio of O is 1:4-1:10), and NaH is added2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O; then, heating the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor to 300 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2h, wherein the heating rate is 3 ℃/min; and cooling to room temperature to obtain black three-dimensional nano flower-shaped bimetallic phosphide NiCoP.
In the step S2, Ni/Co-MOFs precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2The mass ratio of O is as follows.
The application comprises the following steps of respectively using three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black as an electrode active substance, a binder and a conductive agent, mixing NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 8: 1:1 (wherein the amount of NiCoP is 30mg), transferring the mixture into N-methyl pyrrolidone with the thickness of 3M L, grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry, treating with 6M hydrochloric acid to remove an oxide layer on the surface of nickel foam, uniformly coating the mixed slurry on nickel foam with the size of 1 × 2cm, drying, pressing at the pressure of 15MPa for the duration of 20s to obtain a NiCoP electrode, and using the nickel foam as a current collector to provide no performance.
Example 1
290mg of Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O、125mg Co(NO3)2·6H2O、50mg H4DOBDC and 1.5g PVP are evenly dispersed in 30ml of mixed solution (volume ratio of ethanol to distilled water to DMF is 1:1:1) and stirred evenly. Transferring the clear solution into an autoclave, and then placing the autoclave in a forced air drying oven for hydrothermal reaction at the reaction temperature of 160 ℃ for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the precipitate was collected from the turbid solution by centrifugation (7000r/min, 3min), and washed with ethanol and distilled water in order to wash away the remaining reagents and by-products. And finally, drying in vacuum at 70 ℃ to obtain the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor, namely the Ni/Co metal-organic framework material.
The Ni/Co-MOFs precursors obtained in example 1 were used in examples 2-6.
Example 2
And carrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on Ni/Co-MOFs in a tubular furnace under the ultra-pure Ar atmosphere to prepare the NiCoP composite material. Ni/Co-MOFs (20mg) precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O (120mg) is respectively placed in two porcelain boats, and NaH is placed in the porcelain boats2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O; then, the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is heated to 300 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and is kept warm for 2 h. And cooling to room temperature to obtain black three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped bimetal phosphide NiCoP which is marked as NiCoP.
The method comprises the steps of taking a foamed nickel net as a current collector, wherein the nickel net does not provide electrochemical performance, mixing NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 8: 1:1 (wherein the dosage of NiCoP is 30mg), transferring the mixture into 30ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry, uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel with the size of 1 × 2cm, drying, keeping the pressure at 15MPa for 20s, and tabletting to obtain the NiCoP electrode.
The prepared super capacitor electrode material is used as a positive electrode material in a three-electrode system (electrolyte is 1mol L)-1Potassium hydroxide) and the test result shows that the specific capacitance of the NiCoP electroactive material is 1Ag-1Current density of 1421.9F g-1。
Example 3
And carrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on Ni/Co-MOFs in a tubular furnace under the ultra-pure Ar atmosphere to prepare the NiCoP composite material. Ni/Co-MOFs (20mg) precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O (80mg) is respectively placed in two porcelain boats, and NaH is placed in the porcelain boats2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O. Then, the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is heated to 300 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and is kept warm for 2 h. Cooling downAfter reaching room temperature, a ferrous metal phosphide sample was obtained, designated NiCoP-1.
The preparation method comprises the steps of taking a foamed nickel net as a current collector, wherein the nickel net does not provide electrochemical performance, mixing NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 8: 1:1 (wherein the dosage of NiCoP is 30mg), transferring the mixture into 30ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry, uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel with the size of 1 × 2cm, drying, keeping the pressure at 15MPa for 20s, and tabletting to obtain the NiCoP-1 electrode.
The prepared super capacitor electrode material is used as a positive electrode material in a three-electrode system (electrolyte is 1mol L)-1Potassium hydroxide) and the test result shows that the specific capacitance of the NiCoP electroactive material is 1Ag-1Current density of 909.8F g-1。
Example 4
And carrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on Ni/Co-MOFs in a tubular furnace under the ultra-pure Ar atmosphere to prepare the NiCoP composite material. Ni/Co-MOFs (20mg) precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O (160mg) is respectively placed in two porcelain boats, and NaH is placed in the porcelain boats2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O. Then, the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is heated to 300 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and is kept warm for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, a ferrous metal phosphide sample was obtained, designated NiCoP-2.
The method comprises the steps of taking a foamed nickel net as a current collector, wherein the nickel net does not provide electrochemical performance, mixing NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 8: 1:1 (wherein the dosage of NiCoP is 30mg), transferring the mixture into 30ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry, uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel with the size of 1 × 2cm, drying, keeping the pressure at 15MPa for 20s, and tabletting to obtain the NiCoP-2 electrode.
The prepared super capacitor electrode material is used as a positive electrode material in a three-electrode system (electrolyte is 1mol L)-1Hydrogen ofPotassium oxide), the specific capacitance of the NiCoP electroactive material is 1Ag-1Current density of 1219.5F g-1。
Example 5
And carrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on Ni/Co-MOFs in a tubular furnace under the ultra-pure Ar atmosphere to prepare the NiCoP composite material. Ni/Co-MOFs (20mg) precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O (200mg) was placed in two porcelain boats, respectively, with NaH2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O. Then, the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is heated to 300 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and is kept warm for 2 h. After cooling to room temperature, a ferrous metal phosphide sample was obtained, designated NiCoP-3.
The method comprises the steps of taking a foamed nickel net as a current collector, wherein the nickel net does not provide electrochemical performance, mixing NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 8: 1:1 (wherein the dosage of NiCoP is 30mg), transferring the mixture into 30ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry, uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel with the size of 1 × 2cm, drying, keeping the pressure at 15MPa for 20s, and tabletting to obtain the NiCoP-3 electrode.
The prepared super capacitor electrode material is used as a positive electrode material in a three-electrode system (electrolyte is 1mol L)-1Potassium hydroxide) and the test result shows that the specific capacitance of the NiCoP electroactive material is 1Ag-1Current density of 1168.3F g-1。
Example 6
The preparation method comprises the steps of taking a foamed nickel net as a current collector, wherein the nickel net does not provide electrochemical performance, mixing RGO, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black in a mass ratio of 8: 1:1 (wherein the dosage of NiCoP is 30mg), transferring the mixture into N-methyl pyrrolidone, grinding the mixture to obtain uniform mixed slurry, uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel with the size of 1 × 2cm, drying the foamed nickel, wherein the pressure is 15MPa, the duration is 20s, and tabletting to obtain an RGO cathode, taking the nano flower-shaped NiCoP electrode obtained in example 2 as a positive electrode, and taking the RGO electrode as a negative electrode to assemble an asymmetric supercapacitor device, and testing the electrochemical performance.
The prepared device has a power density of 800Wh kg-1The energy density is as high as 38.01Wh kg-1As shown in fig. 7.
Sodium hypophosphite is used as a phosphorus source, and the amount of the phosphorus source has obvious influence on the electrochemical performance of the prepared metal phosphide. When the mass ratio of the active material to the phosphorus source is 1:6, the prepared NiCoP serving as the positive electrode material of the supercapacitor has the maximum specific capacitance of 1421.9Fg-1。
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a nanometer flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor electrode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a metal organic framework material, comprising the following steps:
mixing Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O、Co(NO3)2·6H2O、H4Uniformly dispersing DOBDC and PVP in a mixed solution of ethanol, distilled water and DMF, and uniformly stirring; transferring the clear solution into a high-pressure kettle, then placing the high-pressure kettle in a forced air drying oven for hydrothermal reaction, and obtaining turbid solution after the reaction is finished; centrifuging to collect the precipitate, sequentially cleaning the precipitate with ethanol and distilled water, and washing away residual reagent and byproducts; finally, drying in vacuum at 70 ℃ to obtain a Ni/Co-MOFs precursor;
s2, synthesizing three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped bimetal phosphide NiCoP, comprising the following steps:
carrying out low-temperature phosphating treatment on Ni/Co-MOFs precursors in an ultra-pure Ar atmosphere in a tubular furnace: first, Ni/Co-MOFs precursor and NaH2PO2·2H2O is respectively placed in two porcelain boats and NaH is placed in the porcelain boats2PO2·2H2The ceramic boat of O is positioned at the upstream of the ultra-pure Ar gas flow, and the ceramic boat containing the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor is positioned at the position containing NaH2PO2·2H2Downstream of the porcelain boat of O; then, heating the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor to 300 ℃ and preserving heat for 2 h; and cooling to room temperature to obtain black three-dimensional nano flower-shaped bimetallic phosphide NiCoP.
2. The method for preparing the electrode material of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, Ni (NO) is added3)2·6H2O、Co(NO3)2·6H2O、H4The amounts of DOBDC and PVP were 290mg, 125mg, 50mg and 1.5g, respectively; the volume ratio of ethanol, distilled water and DMF in the mixed solution is 1:1:1, and the dosage of the mixed solution is 30 ml.
3. The method for preparing the electrode material of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 h; the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 7000r/min, and the centrifugation time is 3 min.
4. The method for preparing the electrode material of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, Ni/Co-MOFs precursor and NaH are added2PO2·2H2The mass ratio of O is 1:4-1: 10.
5. The method for preparing the electrode material of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, in the low-temperature phosphating reaction, the temperature rise rate of heating the Ni/Co-MOFs precursor to 300 ℃ is 3 ℃/min.
6. The electrode material of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP super capacitor prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The application of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor electrode material prepared by the preparation method according to the claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional nano flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP is used for preparing an electrode.
8. The application of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor electrode material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the three-dimensional nanometer flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP, polyvinylidene fluoride and acetylene black are respectively used as an electrode active substance, a binder and a conductive agent, and the mass ratio of NiCoP: polyvinylidene fluoride: acetylene black ═ 8: 1:1, mixing, transferring to N-methyl pyrrolidone, and grinding to obtain uniform mixed slurry; and uniformly coating the mixed slurry on foamed nickel, drying and tabletting to obtain the NiCoP electrode.
9. The application of the nanoflower NiCoP supercapacitor electrode material prepared by the preparation method is characterized in that the foamed nickel is used as a current collector, the foamed nickel is treated by 6M hydrochloric acid before use to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the foamed nickel, the size of the foamed nickel is 1 × 2cm, the three-dimensional nanoflower bimetallic phosphide NiCoP is 30mg, the N-methylpyrrolidone is 3M L, the pressure during tabletting is 15MPa, and the duration is 20 s.
10. The application of the nano flower-shaped NiCoP supercapacitor electrode material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the three-dimensional nano flower-shaped double-metal phosphide NiCoP is used as a positive electrode material of a supercapacitor.
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