CN111446040A - Cable fireproof method - Google Patents
Cable fireproof method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111446040A CN111446040A CN202010220967.6A CN202010220967A CN111446040A CN 111446040 A CN111446040 A CN 111446040A CN 202010220967 A CN202010220967 A CN 202010220967A CN 111446040 A CN111446040 A CN 111446040A
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- Prior art keywords
- cable
- fireproof
- parts
- fire
- blanket
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
- H01B7/421—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
Abstract
The invention discloses a cable fireproof method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, lapping one side edge of a fireproof blanket on a cable or a part to be coated on an accessory of the cable; then, the fire blanket is coated on the cable or the accessory thereof and is wound with at least one layer; and finally, fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using a binding belt or a net sleeve, wherein the fireproof blanket comprises double insulating layers, and powder materials are filled between the double insulating layers, wherein the powder materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: hydroxide, carbonate, phosphate, pottery clay, zinc borate, boric acid, a dispersing aid and fireproof temperature control powder. The technical scheme of the invention can realize the fire-proof temperature control function by the synergistic effect of gradual dehydration heat absorption, decomposition heat absorption and ceramic heat insulation at different temperatures, and the temperature control range of a temperature zone is from 100 ℃ to 1300 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a cable fireproof method.
Background
With the popularization of power cables, a plurality of cables in loops are arranged in each cable tunnel, the cables in the cable tunnels are densely arranged, and when an accident happens to one joint, open fire or high-temperature burning can be generated to cause chain reaction of nearby cables, so that a plurality of cable lines are in failure, further fire is caused, and serious accident consequences are caused. Even if open fire is not generated, the temperature of the wire core can reach 90 ℃ when the cable runs for a long time, and the cable outer sheath is always in a high-temperature environment in the underground passage in which a plurality of cables are densely arranged, so that the service life of the cable can be shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for preventing a cable from being fired, which aims to improve the service life of the cable while preventing the cable from being fired.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preventing fire of a cable, comprising the steps of: firstly, lapping one side edge of a fireproof blanket on a cable or a part to be coated on an accessory of the cable; then, the fire blanket is coated on the cable or the accessory thereof and is wound with at least one layer; and finally, fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using a binding belt or a net sleeve, wherein the net sleeve is a non-magnetic metal or non-metal high-temperature-resistant net sleeve, the fireproof blanket comprises double-layer insulating layers, and powder materials are filled between the double-layer insulating layers, and the powder materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:
the fireproof temperature control powder comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the ceramic powder is prepared from a ceramic silicon rubber ceramic material, and the ceramic silicon rubber ceramic material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in one embodiment, the powder material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in one embodiment, the hydroxide includes magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.
In one embodiment, the carbonate comprises at least one of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate; the dispersing aid is zinc stearate and/or stearic acid.
In one embodiment, the phosphate comprises at least one of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate.
In one embodiment, the double-layer insulating layer is a silicon rubber fire-resistant flexible layer.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for preparing a fire blanket used in the cable fire-protection method, comprising the following steps:
preparing porcelain powder: mixing 100 parts by weight of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 1-10 parts by weight of silicone oil, 40-65 parts by weight of white carbon black, 75-85 parts by weight of diatomite, 100-135 parts by weight of mica powder, 50-75 parts by weight of spherical zinc borate, 2-10 parts by weight of boric acid and 0-20 parts by weight of a refractory agent, putting into a high-temperature converter, heating to 1100 plus materials and 1300 ℃ for vitrification for 2-3h, preserving heat for 20-40 min, taking out after completion, then crushing the vitrified block objects, and grinding by a ball mill to obtain vitrified powder;
preparing fire-proof temperature control powder: mixing 20-40 parts of porcelainized powder, 10-30 parts of magnesium silicate, 80-120 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 0-20 parts of kaolin and 0-30 parts of calcium silicate or derivatives thereof according to parts by weight to obtain fireproof temperature control powder;
preparation of powder material: mixing 40-80 parts of hydroxide, 40-80 parts of carbonate, 30-90 parts of phosphate, 10-30 parts of argil, 5-15 parts of zinc borate, 5-10 parts of boric acid, 1-5 parts of dispersing aid and 120-160 parts of fireproof temperature control powder according to parts by weight to obtain a powder material;
the powder material is laid in the middle of the silicon rubber fireproof flexible layer with a double-layer structure and then sewn into a blanket, and the fireproof blanket capable of controlling temperature and preventing fire at different temperature areas is obtained.
In one embodiment, the carbonate comprises at least one of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate; the dispersing aid is zinc stearate and/or stearic acid; hydroxides include magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; the phosphate comprises at least one of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate and dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate.
The cable adopting the cable fireproof method of the invention has the advantages that the fireproof blanket coated outside the cable can realize the fireproof temperature control effect by the synergistic effect of gradual dehydration heat absorption, decomposition heat absorption and ceramic heat insulation at different temperatures, and the temperature control range of the temperature region is from below 100 ℃, 300 ℃ and 500 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃ to 1000-1300 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a method for fire-proofing a cable according to the present invention, in which a fire-proof blanket is lapped on a cable or its accessories at a side edge to be covered;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a method of fire-protecting a cable according to the present invention, in which a fire-protecting blanket is wrapped around the cable or its accessories and wrapped with at least one layer;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fire blanket secured to a cable with a tie wrap.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a method for preventing fire of a cable, including the following steps:
firstly, one side edge of a fireproof blanket 1 is lapped on a part to be coated on a cable 2 or an accessory thereof;
then, the fireproof blanket 1 is covered on the cable 2 or the accessory thereof and is wound with at least one layer;
and finally, fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using a binding belt 3 or a mesh sleeve made of a non-metal material, wherein the fireproof blanket comprises double insulating layers, and powder materials are filled between the double insulating layers, wherein the powder materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:
the fireproof temperature control powder comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the ceramic powder is prepared from a ceramic silicon rubber ceramic material, and the ceramic silicon rubber ceramic material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in one embodiment, the powder material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in one embodiment, the hydroxide includes magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.
In one embodiment, the carbonate comprises at least one of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate; the dispersing aid is zinc stearate and/or stearic acid.
In one embodiment, the phosphate comprises at least one of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate.
In one embodiment, the double-layer insulating layer is a silicon rubber fire-resistant flexible layer.
In one embodiment, the mesh is a non-magnetic metal or non-metal high temperature resistant mesh. The non-magnetic metal or non-metal high temperature resistant net sleeve fixes the fireproof blanket on the cable, and the fireproof blanket does not have magnetism in normal operation, does not generate heat due to eddy current, and ensures the normal operation of the cable and accessories thereof; when a fire disaster happens, the fire blanket is kept to be coated on the cable and accessories thereof, and the fire-proof integrity is guaranteed.
In order to test the fireproof effect of the cable fireproof method, the following test method is adopted:
cutting a 1.5-meter-long high-voltage 110kv cable, tightly attaching a temperature sensor contact to the outer sheath of the 110kv high-voltage cable, and overlapping one side edge of a fireproof blanket at the position of the cable to be coated; then, winding the fireproof blanket to completely wrap the cable, and enabling the temperature sensor to be located in the middle of the fireproof blanket; and finally, fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using a binding belt or a non-metal net sleeve. The experimental device is heated to different temperatures in the table, and the temperature rise of the surface of the outer sheath of the cable within 1h is tested.
Example 1(1#)
The method for preventing the cable from being fireproof comprises the following steps:
firstly, lapping one side edge of a fireproof blanket on a cable or a part to be coated on an accessory of the cable;
then, the fire blanket is coated on the cable or the accessory thereof and is wound with at least one layer;
and finally, fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using a binding belt or a non-metal net sleeve.
The fireproof blanket is prepared by the following method:
according to the weight parts, 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 8 parts of silicone oil, 45 parts of white carbon black, 75 parts of diatomite, 100 parts of mica powder, 60 parts of zinc borate and 7 parts of boric acid are put into a high-temperature converter, heated to 1250 ℃ for vitrification for 3 hours, kept warm for 30 minutes, taken out after the vitrification is finished, and then the vitrified block is smashed and ground by a ball mill to obtain vitrified powder.
According to the weight portion, 30 portions of ceramic powder, 20 portions of magnesium silicate, 100 portions of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 10 portions of kaolin and 10 portions of calcium silicate are mixed to form the fireproof temperature control powder. It should be noted that the portion of the porcelain powder taken here is not the same unit amount (may be the same or different) as the portion of the above-mentioned methyl vinyl silicone rubber.
35 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 40 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 30 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 50 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 8515 parts of argil sillitin, 8 parts of zinc borate, 5 parts of boric acid, 2 parts of zinc stearate and 140 parts of fireproof temperature control powder are mixed to obtain the powder material. It should be noted that the proportion of the fire-proof temperature-control powder and the proportion of the ceramization powder are not the same unit measurement (may be the same or different).
And laying the powder material in the middle of the silicon rubber fireproof flexible layer with a double-layer structure, and sewing the powder material into a blanket to obtain the fireproof blanket.
The parameters of the components were adjusted as described above to obtain examples 2 to 18; and adjusting the parameters according to the method to obtain a blank embodiment 1 and a blank embodiment 2; the specific parameters are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 composition table of preparation materials used in the examples of the present invention
TABLE 1
TABLE 1
TABLE 2 fireproof temperature control test example
For the above table 1, it should be noted that the ceramic powder, the fire-proof temperature control powder and the powder material are in a sequential dependency relationship, and the ceramic powder in the first column of the table is the ceramic powder in the horizontal column where the fire-proof temperature control powder is located; in the first column of the watch, the fire-proof temperature control powder is the fire-proof temperature control powder in the horizontal column where the powder material is located.
As can be seen from the above table 1, in the process of increasing the ambient temperature from 100 ℃ to 1100 ℃, the temperature of the surface of the cable sheath is increased to 20 ℃ to 100 ℃, so that the temperature of the surface of the cable sheath is greatly reduced, and the service life of the cable is prolonged. It can be seen from examples 2, 3, 6, 12, 13 and 16 that the temperature rise of the surface of the cable sheath is relatively low (around 90 ℃) when the ambient temperature rises to 1100 ℃, and the specific gravity of the fireproof temperature-control powder is high in examples 2, 3, 6, 12, 13 and 16. Therefore, the specific gravity of the fireproof temperature control powder is preferably higher, and the specific gravity is preferably 140 to 160 parts.
In addition, as can be seen from tables 1 to 18, when the specific gravity of the hydroxide (60 parts to 80 parts), the carbonate (60 parts to 80 parts), the phosphate (60 parts to 80 parts), and the zinc borate (10 parts to 15 parts) is higher, the temperature rise of the cable jacket surface is relatively low (35 ℃) when the ambient temperature is 500 ℃.
For the hydroxides, which are of a wide variety and have a high decomposition temperature for sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, the endothermic decomposition is not favored, and in preferred embodiments, the hydroxides include magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.
Further, the carbonate comprises at least one of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the dispersing aid is zinc stearate and/or stearic acid.
Still further, the phosphate comprises at least one of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate and dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate. The reason for selecting the two phosphates is mainly to consider the decomposition temperature, and the desorption heat is generated when the temperature is 300-500 ℃.
The fire-proof method of the cable can realize the fire-proof temperature control function by the synergistic effect of gradual water loss heat absorption, decomposition heat absorption and ceramic heat insulation of the fire blanket of the cable adopting the method under different temperatures, and the temperature control range of the temperature zone is from below 100 ℃, 500 ℃ in 300 ℃ in 600 ℃ in 800 ℃ in plus and up to 1000 ℃ to 1300 ℃, thereby ensuring that the cable can be protected in different temperature intervals.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the cable fire-proof method, the silicon rubber fire-proof flexible layer which coats the cable fire blanket has certain heat insulation and heat conduction effects at low temperature of about 100 ℃, and the rapid rise of the initial temperature is prevented.
2. The added sodium bicarbonate, calcium hydrophosphate, gypsum powder and other substances can absorb heat in an extremely low temperature region below 100 ℃ and an extremely low temperature region below 200 ℃, so that the fire blanket can play a role in controlling the temperature at the extremely low temperature even under the condition that a fire disaster is not generated, the environmental aging of the cable is improved, and the benign operation of the cable is promoted.
3. In the medium temperature range of 300-500 ℃, the added zinc borate and boric acid can form a glass state inorganic expansion layer to cover the powder, thereby blocking combustion and promoting the formation of carbon by the polymer, and simultaneously the added hydroxide and a reaction product generated after the crystal water is lost in the first stage can be decomposed in an endothermic way to generate gas, thereby having the functions of forming carbon, isolating, foaming and diluting combustible gas.
4. After the temperature rises, the added ceramic powder is further sintered and fused into a whole in the temperature range of 600-800 ℃ and above, reaction products generated in the first two stages are wrapped in the ceramic powder, meanwhile, the added calcium carbonate, pottery clay N85 and the like absorb heat, and carbon dioxide gas released by decomposition promotes the formation of a foamed ceramic body to isolate oxygen, so that the effects of flame retardance, heat insulation, coordinated cooling and fire prevention are achieved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification or other related fields directly or indirectly are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method of fire protecting a cable, comprising the steps of:
firstly, lapping one side edge of a fireproof blanket on a cable or a part to be coated on an accessory of the cable; then, the fire blanket is coated on the cable or the accessory thereof and is wound with at least one layer; and finally, fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using a binding belt or a net sleeve, and finally fixing the fireproof blanket on the cable by using the binding belt or the net sleeve, wherein the net sleeve is a non-magnetic metal or non-metal high-temperature-resistant net sleeve, the fireproof blanket comprises double-layer insulating layers, and powder materials are filled between the double-layer insulating layers, wherein the powder materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:
the fireproof temperature control powder comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the ceramic powder is prepared from a ceramic silicon rubber ceramic material, and the ceramic silicon rubber ceramic material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2. the method for preventing the fire of the cable according to claim 1, wherein the powder material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
3. a method of fire protecting a cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein the carbonate comprises at least one of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate; the dispersing aid is zinc stearate and/or stearic acid.
4. A method of fire protecting a cable as claimed in claim 3, wherein said phosphate comprises at least one of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, dibasic sodium phosphate heptahydrate.
5. A method of fire protecting a cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said double layer of insulation is a silicone rubber fire resistant flexible layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010220967.6A CN111446040B (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-26 | Cable fireproof method |
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| CN202010220967.6A CN111446040B (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2020-03-26 | Cable fireproof method |
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| CN111446040B CN111446040B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111986430A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 宁波葆尔新材料有限公司 | Intelligent early-warning fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN111986430A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-24 | 宁波葆尔新材料有限公司 | Intelligent early-warning fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and preparation method and application thereof |
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