CN111445072B - Air preheater fault monitoring method and system based on parameter prediction - Google Patents
Air preheater fault monitoring method and system based on parameter prediction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air preheater fault monitoring method and system based on parameter prediction, which are used for carrying out data processing according to acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of unit load and air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load, and obtaining the air preheater inlet flue gas oxygen quantity O in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater; the method comprises the steps of performing deviation operation on an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and an actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, sending out an alarm signal with large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater is larger than a first preset deviation value, monitoring the air leakage rate of the air preheater abnormally on line by the method, calculating the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line, predicting the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater through DCS historical data, sending out an alarm when the deviation value of the air leakage rate A of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the air preheater is over-limit, sending out an alarm when the deviation value of the air leakage rate A and the air leakage rate B of the air preheater is over-limit, and reminding operators to check equipment states in early degradation, so that the air leakage rate is reduced, and the running economy of a unit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of generator set fault monitoring, in particular to an air preheater fault monitoring method and system based on parameter prediction.
Background
With the increasingly market development of electric power systems, thermal power plants bear an increasingly larger peak regulation function, the units can be automatically regulated to operate under 30% -100% rated load on the basis of stable operation, the environmental protection requirements are more and more strict, emission reduction and safe operation are equally important, in order to control NOx emission indexes, the ultra-low emission index requirements are met, NOx emission can be reduced only through excessive ammonia injection, so that an adverse effect is that excessive NH3 gas and flue gas sulfate radicals are subjected to chemical reaction, ammonia bisulfate is generated, the ammonia bisulfate is combined with dust in the air preheater, the heat exchange surface of the air preheater is dirty, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, if the heat exchange efficiency is not found and treated in time, the air preheater is blocked or even blocked, the economy and the safe operation of the air preheater are influenced, the units are possibly stopped under severe conditions, meanwhile, the whole thermal power generating set has a large operation monitoring range, numerous equipment and frequent parameter changes, the whole process, the comprehensive and timely monitoring equipment faults cannot be realized, the air leakage rate of the air preheater is subjected to offline statistical analysis, the real-time monitoring is not realized, the air leakage rate of the air preheater cannot be monitored, the air preheater is visually when the air preheater has the oxygen quantity changes, the air leakage rate of the air preheater is also can not be monitored, and the air leakage rate of the air preheater is prevented from being degraded, and the air preheater is bad, and the air preheater can not be warned, etc. be detected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction, so as to solve the problems that the existing air preheater air leakage rate adopts offline statistical analysis, the air preheater air leakage rate change cannot be intuitively monitored, early warning is carried out, and the like.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction, the method comprising:
performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater 1 (X)；
According to the describedRelation function F of unit load and air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
for the oxygen content O of the inlet flue gas of the air preheater obtained in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater;
and performing deviation operation on the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the actual air preheater, and sending out an alarm signal for large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B is larger than a first preset deviation value.
Preferably, the air preheater inlet flue gas oxygen amount O acquired in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
oxygen content O of flue gas at inlet of air preheater 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Air leakage rate relation function substituted into actual air preheater
And calculating to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater. />
Preferably, the method further comprises:
performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to respectively obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater 4 (X) and a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X)；
According to a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) obtaining a predicted value C of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
according to the relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the air pre-heater front and back secondary air pressure difference 4 (X) obtaining a predicted value D of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
according toThe relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X) obtaining a primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
for air preheater inlet pressure P acquired in real time 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Secondary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 Primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 Data processing is carried out to obtain a flue gas pressure difference Y1 before and after the air preheater, a secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 before and after the air preheater and a primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater respectively;
when the difference value between the front-rear flue gas pressure difference Y1 of the air preheater and the front-rear flue gas pressure difference predicted value C of the air preheater is more than or equal to a second preset deviation value, a signal of large front-rear flue gas pressure difference of the air preheater is sent out;
when the difference value between the front and rear secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 of the air preheater and the front and rear secondary air pressure difference predicted value D of the air preheater is larger than or equal to a third preset deviation value, a signal of large front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater is sent out;
and when the difference value between the primary air pressure difference value Y3 before and after the air preheater and the primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater is larger than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value, sending a signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater.
Preferably, after sending a signal of "primary air pressure difference between front and rear of the air preheater is large" when the difference between the primary air pressure difference real value Y3 and the primary air pressure difference predicted value E is greater than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value, the method further includes:
and when any two of the signal of large flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater, the signal of large secondary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater and the signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater are received within a preset time period, judging that the air preheater is suspected to be blocked and giving an alarm.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
based on the acquired DCS historyData processing is carried out on the data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the current predicted value of the air preheater 6 (X)；
According to the relation function F of the unit load and the current predicted value of the air preheater 6 (X) obtaining an air preheater current predicted value F from the current unit load;
acquiring a current value G of the air preheater in real time;
calculating through an absolute value function ABS (F-G), wherein F is an air preheater current predicted value, and G is an air preheater current value;
and when the absolute value function ABS (F-G) is larger than or equal to a fifth preset deviation value, sending out an alarm signal of 'rubbing of the air preheater sealing element'.
The invention also provides an air preheater fault monitoring system based on parameter prediction, which comprises:
the relation function processing module is used for performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical number to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X)；
The air preheater air leakage rate prediction value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater air leakage rate prediction value 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air leakage rate data processing module of the actual air preheater is used for acquiring the oxygen content O of the inlet flue gas of the air preheater in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater;
and the air leakage rate deviation operation module is used for carrying out deviation operation on the air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, and sending out an 'large air leakage rate alarm' signal when the deviation value of the air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B is larger than a first preset deviation value.
Preferably, the actual air preheater air leakage rate data processing module is specifically configured to:
oxygen content O of flue gas at inlet of air preheater 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Air leakage rate substituted into actual air preheaterRelation function
And calculating to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the relation function processing module is used for carrying out data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to respectively obtain relation functions F of the unit load and the predicted values of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater 4 (X) and a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X)；
The air preheater front and rear smoke pressure difference predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear smoke pressure difference predicted value 3 (X) obtaining a predicted value C of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air preheater front and rear secondary air pressure difference prediction value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear secondary air pressure difference prediction value 4 (X) obtaining a predicted value D of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure difference predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure difference predicted value 5 (X) obtaining a primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the differential pressure data processing module is used for acquiring the inlet pressure P of the air preheater in real time 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Secondary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 Primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 Data processing is carried out to obtain a flue gas pressure difference Y1 before and after the air preheater, a secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 before and after the air preheater and a primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater respectively;
the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference Y1 and the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference predicted value C is larger than or equal to a second preset deviation value;
the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 and the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference predicted value D is larger than or equal to a third preset deviation value;
and the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 and the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference predicted value E is larger than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the air preheater suspected blockage judging module is used for judging that the air preheater is suspected to be blocked and giving an alarm when any two of a signal of large smoke pressure difference before and after the air preheater, a signal of large secondary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater and a signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater are received in a preset time period.
Preferably, the system further comprises:
the relation function processing module is used for carrying out data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X)；
The air preheater current predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F between the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X) obtaining an air preheater current predicted value F from the current unit load;
the air preheater current value acquisition module is used for acquiring an air preheater current value G in real time;
the absolute value function calculation module is used for calculating through an absolute value function ABS (F-G), wherein F is an air preheater current predicted value, and G is an air preheater current value;
and the air preheater sealing element rub-against judging module is used for sending an alarm signal of the air preheater sealing element rub-against when the absolute value of the absolute value function ABS (F-G) is larger than or equal to a fifth preset deviation value.
The invention provides an air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction, which comprises the steps of performing data processing according to acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of unit load and air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X); according to a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the air leakage rate of the air preheater 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load; for the oxygen content O of the inlet flue gas of the air preheater obtained in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater; and performing deviation operation on the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, and sending out an alarm signal for large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B is larger than a first preset deviation value.
By applying the method and the system provided by the invention, data processing is carried out according to the acquired DCS historical data, and the relation function F of the unit load and the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater is obtained 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load, and obtaining the air preheater inlet flue gas oxygen quantity O in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater; the method comprises the steps of performing deviation operation on an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and an actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, sending out an alarm signal with large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater is larger than a first preset deviation value, monitoring the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line by the method, calculating the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line, predicting the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater through DCS historical data, sending out an alarm when the deviation value of the air leakage rate A of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the air preheater is over-limit, sending out an alarm at early degradation of sealing equipment of the air preheater, reminding operators to check equipment states, reducing the air leakage rate and improving the running economy of a unit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic system flow diagram of an air preheater fault monitoring system based on parameter prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses an air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction, which aims to solve the problems that the existing air preheater air leakage rate adopts offline statistical analysis, the change of the air preheater air leakage rate cannot be intuitively monitored, early warning is carried out and the like.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic system flow diagram of an air preheater fault monitoring system based on parameter prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In a specific embodiment, the method for monitoring the fault of the air preheater based on parameter prediction provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s11: performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater 1 (X)；
S12: according to a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the air leakage rate of the air preheater 1 (X) obtaining air leakage of air preheater with current unit loadA rate prediction value A; the historical data of the air preheater and the auxiliary equipment thereof are mined through high-level algorithms such as big data analysis, artificial intelligence or a neural network, and the information such as various working conditions of unit operation, the state of the air preheater equipment, degradation trend, abnormality and the like is predicted so as to discover the degradation trend of the equipment in advance and reduce the occurrence of equipment faults.
S13: for the oxygen content O of the inlet flue gas of the air preheater obtained in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater; the air leakage rate of the air preheater can be calculated according to the existing formula.
S14: and performing deviation operation on the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, and sending out an alarm signal for large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B is larger than a first preset deviation value. In one embodiment, the first preset deviation value is 3, and when the deviation value of the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater is greater than 3, a large air leakage rate alarm signal is sent out to prompt an operator to check the running states of the air preheater and the equipment.
By applying the method and the system provided by the invention, data processing is carried out according to the acquired DCS historical data, and the relation function F of the unit load and the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater is obtained 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load, and obtaining the air preheater inlet flue gas oxygen quantity O in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater; the method comprises the steps of performing deviation operation on an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and an actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, sending out an alarm signal with large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater is larger than a first preset deviation value, monitoring the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line by the method, calculating the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line, predicting the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater through DCS historical data, sending out an alarm when the deviation value of the air leakage rate A of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the air preheater is over-limit, sending out an alarm at early degradation of sealing equipment of the air preheater, reminding operators to check equipment states, reducing the air leakage rate and improving the running economy of a unit.
Specifically, for the air preheater inlet smoke obtained in real timeOxygen content O 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
oxygen content O of flue gas at inlet of air preheater 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Air leakage rate relation function substituted into actual air preheater
And calculating to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater.
Further, the method further comprises:
data processing is carried out according to the acquired DCS historical data to respectively obtain a relation function F of unit load and a predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) relation function F of unit load and predicted value of air pre-heater front and back secondary air pressure difference 4 (X) and a relation function F between unit load and predicted values of primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X)；
In one embodiment, the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the inlet of the air preheater is monitored according to the flow direction of the flue gas 2I (median signal taken) and air preheater inlet flue gas temperature T 1 Inlet pressure P of air preheater 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Air preheater outlet flue gas temperature T 2 Oxygen content O of air preheater outlet flue gas 2O After the flue gas heats primary air and secondary air, the flue gas flows through a low-temperature economizer and then enters an electric dust removal system; and the pressure P of the secondary air inlet of the air preheater is monitored according to the flow direction of the secondary air 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 The heated hot secondary air is sent into a boiler hearth to participate in a combustion system; according to the primary air flow direction, the primary air inlet pressure P of the air preheater is monitored 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 The heated primary air is sent into the pulverizing system for heating fuel.
Relation function F of unit load and predicted value of flue gas pressure difference before and after air preheater 3 The (X) abscissa is the unit load, the ordinate is the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater, the predicted value can be revised on line according to different working conditions, and the output is the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater under the history working conditions, and the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater is obtainedThe initial values are shown in the following table 1, and table 1 is a broken line function of the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater corresponding to the unit load.
TABLE 1
Relation function F of unit load and predicted value of front and rear secondary air pressure difference of air preheater 4 The abscissa of (X) is the unit load, and the ordinate is the predicted value of the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference. The function can be revised on line according to different working conditions, the output of the function is the predicted value of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater under the history working conditions, the initial value of the function is shown in a table 2, and the table 2 is a broken line function of the predicted value of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater corresponding to the unit load.
TABLE 2
Relation function F of unit load and primary air pressure difference predicted value before and after air preheater 5 The abscissa (X) is the unit load, and the ordinate is the predicted value of the difference between the front and back primary air pressure of the pre-heater. The function can be modified on line according to different working conditions, the output is the predicted value of the difference between the front and back primary air pressure of the preheater under the history working conditions, and the initial value is shown in
Table 3 shows that Table 3 shows the predicted value fold line function of the difference between the front and back primary air pressure of the air preheater corresponding to the unit load.
TABLE 3 Table 3
According to a relation function F of unit load and predicted values of flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) obtaining a predicted value C of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
according to a relation function F of unit load and predicted values of the front and rear secondary air pressure differences of the air preheater 4 (X) obtaining the front and back of the air preheater with the current unit loadA secondary air pressure difference predicted value D;
according to a relation function F of unit load and predicted values of primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X) obtaining a primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
for obtaining inlet pressure P of air preheater in real time 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Secondary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 Primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 Data processing is carried out to obtain a flue gas pressure difference Y1 before and after the air preheater, a secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 before and after the air preheater and a primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater respectively;
wherein the flue gas pressure difference between the front and the back of the air preheater is Y1=the inlet pressure P of the air preheater 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the difference value between the front-back flue gas pressure difference Y1 of the air preheater and the front-back flue gas pressure difference predicted value C of the air preheater is larger than or equal to a second preset deviation value, a signal of large front-back flue gas pressure difference of the air preheater is sent out; the second preset deviation value may be set to 0.8Kpa, and in other embodiments, the magnitude of the second preset deviation value may be set as required, which is within the scope of the present invention.
Air preheater front and rear secondary air pressure differential real-time value y2=air preheater secondary air inlet pressure P 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the difference value between the front and rear secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 of the air preheater and the front and rear secondary air pressure difference predicted value D of the air preheater is larger than or equal to a third preset deviation value, a signal of large front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater is sent out; the third preset deviation value may be set to 0.5Kpa.
Pressure differential value y3=primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And when the difference value between the primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater and the primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater is more than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value, sending a signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater. The fourth preset deviation value may be set to 01.0Kpa.
Further, when the difference between the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure differential value Y3 and the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure differential predicted value E is greater than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value, after sending the signal of "the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure differential is large", the method further includes:
when any two of the signals of the large smoke pressure difference before and after the air preheater, the large secondary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater and the large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater are received within a preset time period, judging that the air preheater is suspected to be blocked and giving an alarm.
The preset time period can be set for seconds or millimeters, such as 3-5 seconds, and is set according to the needs.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises:
performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X)；
Wherein, the relation function F of the unit load and the current predicted value of the air preheater 6 The abscissa of (X) is the unit load, the ordinate is the air preheater current predicted value, the function can be revised on line according to different working conditions, the output is the history public air preheater current predicted value F, the initial value is shown in table 4, and table 4 is the broken line function of the air preheater current predicted value corresponding to the unit load.
| X-unit load (MW) | Y-air preheater current predictive value (A) |
| 300 | 24 |
| 400 | 24.5 |
| 500 | 25.5 |
| 600 | 27 |
TABLE 4 Table 4
According to a relation function F of the unit load and the current predicted value of the air preheater 6 (X) obtaining an air preheater current predicted value F from the current unit load;
acquiring a current value G of the air preheater in real time;
calculating through an absolute value function ABS (F-G), wherein F is an air preheater current predicted value, and G is an air preheater current value;
and when the absolute value function ABS (F-G) is larger than or equal to a fifth preset deviation value, sending out an alarm signal of 'rubbing of the air preheater sealing element'. And the fifth preset deviation value can be set to be 2, when the ABS (F-G) is more than or equal to 2, an alarm is sent out to enable the air preheater sealing element to collide and grind, the operator is reminded to check the air preheater equipment on site in time, whether abnormal sound occurs is confirmed, if abnormal sound exists is confirmed, overhaul checking is linked, meanwhile, the adjustment of an air preheater system and equipment is enhanced, and the air preheater is prevented from being tripped due to the fact that the air preheater collides and grinds.
According to the method, through historical data mining, the running state of the air preheater equipment is automatically judged, whether the equipment is abnormal or not can be judged, meanwhile, whether the equipment has a degradation trend or not can be judged, equipment abnormal signals are extracted and sent out, relevant equipment inspection and running adjustment are carried out, meanwhile, the air leakage rate of the air preheater is monitored in real time, the air leakage rate of the air preheater can be calculated on line, the predicted value of the air leakage rate of the air preheater is predicted through historical data, an alarm can be sent out in advance when the deviation of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the air leakage rate exceeds the threshold, and an alarm can be sent out in early stage of degradation of sealing equipment of the air preheater to remind operators to inspect the equipment state; and the air preheater blockage abnormality real-time monitoring and the air preheater current abnormality real-time monitoring are extracted and alarm is sent out, and the alarm is sent out in the early stage of equipment fouling of the heat exchange surface of the air preheater and the abnormal occurrence period of the collision and grinding of the air preheater, so that operators are reminded to check the equipment state. And judging the suspected blockage of the air preheater, judging the early failure of the equipment, and timely processing the equipment by using the information such as the abnormal pressure difference of the flue gas before and after the air preheater, the abnormal pressure difference of the secondary air and the abnormal pressure difference of the primary air, and the like, so as to avoid the expansion of the damage range of the equipment.
The method can solve the problem that operators hardly find abnormality when the parameters are slightly changed in the early stage of equipment degradation, can realize comprehensive monitoring of the equipment and system states of the air preheater by analyzing and mining historical big data and an artificial intelligent algorithm, improves the running safety of the unit and the system, and avoids the large fluctuation of the parameters of the whole combustion system when the working conditions change, equipment faults, parameters and the system are abnormal. Through the whole-course monitoring of 3 typical faults of the air preheater, the frequency of monitoring equipment by operating personnel is greatly reduced, and the working intensity is lightened.
Based on the method embodiment, the invention also provides a system embodiment corresponding to the method embodiment, and the air preheater fault monitoring system based on parameter prediction comprises:
the relation function processing module is used for performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical number to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X)；
The air preheater air leakage rate predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air leakage rate data processing module of the actual air preheater is used for acquiring the oxygen content O of the inlet flue gas of the air preheater in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater;
the air preheater air leakage rate deviation operation module is used for carrying out deviation operation on an air preheater air leakage rate predicted value A and an actual air preheater air leakage rate B, and sending out an air leakage rate large alarm signal when the deviation value of the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value A and the actual air preheater air leakage rate B is larger than a first preset deviation value.
By applying the method and the system provided by the invention, data processing is carried out according to the acquired DCS historical data, so as to obtain the unit load and the air leakage rate of the air preheaterRelation function F of predicted values 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load, and obtaining the air preheater inlet flue gas oxygen quantity O in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater; the method comprises the steps of performing deviation operation on an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and an actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, sending out an alarm signal with large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater and the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater is larger than a first preset deviation value, monitoring the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line by the method, calculating the air leakage rate of the air preheater on line, predicting the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater through DCS historical data, sending out an alarm when the deviation value of the air leakage rate A of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the air preheater is over-limit, sending out an alarm at early degradation of sealing equipment of the air preheater, reminding operators to check equipment states, reducing the air leakage rate and improving the running economy of a unit.
Specifically, the actual air preheater air leakage rate data processing module is specifically configured to:
oxygen content O of flue gas at inlet of air preheater 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Air leakage rate relation function substituted into actual air preheater
And calculating to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater.
Further, the system further comprises:
the relation function processing module is used for performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to respectively obtain relation functions F of unit load and predicted values of flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) relation function F of unit load and predicted value of air pre-heater front and back secondary air pressure difference 4 (X) and a relation function F between unit load and predicted values of primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X)；
The air preheater front and rear smoke pressure difference predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear smoke pressure difference predicted value 3 (X) obtaining a predicted value C of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air preheater front and rear secondary air pressure difference prediction value calculation module is used for machine-basedRelation function F of group load and predicted value of front and rear secondary air pressure difference of air preheater 4 (X) obtaining a predicted value D of the difference between the front and rear secondary air currents of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure difference prediction value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure difference prediction value 5 (X) obtaining a primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the differential pressure data processing module is used for acquiring the inlet pressure P of the air preheater in real time 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Secondary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 Primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 Data processing is carried out to obtain a flue gas pressure difference Y1 before and after the air preheater, a secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 before and after the air preheater and a primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater respectively;
the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference when the difference between the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference Y1 and the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference predicted value C is larger than or equal to a second preset deviation value;
the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 and the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference predicted value D is larger than or equal to a third preset deviation value;
the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 and the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference predicted value E is larger than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises:
the air preheater suspected blockage judging module is used for judging that the air preheater is suspected to be blocked and giving an alarm when any two of a signal of large smoke pressure difference before and after the air preheater, a signal of large secondary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater and a signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater are received in a preset time period.
Specifically, the system further comprises:
the relation function processing module is used for carrying out data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X)；
The air preheater current predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X) obtaining an air preheater current predicted value F from the current unit load;
the air preheater current value acquisition module is used for acquiring an air preheater current value G in real time;
the absolute value function calculation module is used for calculating through an absolute value function ABS (F-G), wherein F is an air preheater current predicted value, and G is an air preheater current value;
and the air preheater sealing element rub-against judging module is used for sending an alarm signal of the air preheater sealing element rub-against when the absolute value of the absolute value function ABS (F-G) is larger than or equal to a fifth preset deviation value.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software modules may be disposed in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. An air preheater fault monitoring method based on parameter prediction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater 1 (X)；
According to the relation function F of the unit load and the air leakage rate predicted value of the air preheater 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
for the oxygen content O of the inlet flue gas of the air preheater obtained in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater;
performing deviation operation on the predicted value A of the air leakage rate of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the actual air preheater, and sending out an alarm signal for large air leakage rate when the deviation value of the predicted value A of the air preheater and the air leakage rate B of the actual air preheater is larger than a first preset deviation value;
the inlet flue gas oxygen amount O of the air preheater obtained in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
oxygen content O of flue gas at inlet of air preheater 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Air leakage rate relation function substituted into actual air preheater
And calculating to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater.
2. The parameter prediction based air preheater fault monitoring method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to respectively obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater 4 (X) and a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X)；
According to a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) obtaining a predicted value C of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
according to the relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the air pre-heater front and back secondary air pressure difference 4 (X) obtaining a predicted value D of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
according to the relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X) obtaining a primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
for air preheater inlet pressure P acquired in real time 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Secondary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 Primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 Data processing is carried out to obtain a flue gas pressure difference Y1 before and after the air preheater, a secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 before and after the air preheater and a primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater respectively;
when the difference value between the front-rear flue gas pressure difference Y1 of the air preheater and the front-rear flue gas pressure difference predicted value C of the air preheater is more than or equal to a second preset deviation value, a signal of large front-rear flue gas pressure difference of the air preheater is sent out;
when the difference value between the front and rear secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 of the air preheater and the front and rear secondary air pressure difference predicted value D of the air preheater is larger than or equal to a third preset deviation value, a signal of large front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater is sent out;
and when the difference value between the primary air pressure difference value Y3 before and after the air preheater and the primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater is larger than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value, sending a signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater.
3. The method for monitoring the fault of the air preheater based on the parameter prediction according to claim 2, wherein when the difference value between the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure differential real value Y3 and the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure differential real value E is greater than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value, after sending out a signal of "the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure differential is large", the method further comprises:
and when any two of the signal of large flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater, the signal of large secondary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater and the signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater are received within a preset time period, judging that the air preheater is suspected to be blocked and giving an alarm.
4. The parameter prediction based air preheater fault monitoring method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X)；
According to the relation function F of the unit load and the current predicted value of the air preheater 6 (X) obtaining an air preheater current predicted value F from the current unit load;
acquiring a current value G of the air preheater in real time;
calculating through an absolute value function ABS (F-G), wherein F is an air preheater current predicted value, and G is an air preheater current value;
and when the absolute value function ABS (F-G) is larger than or equal to a fifth preset deviation value, sending out an alarm signal of 'rubbing of the air preheater sealing element'.
5. An air preheater fault monitoring system based on parameter prediction, the system comprising:
the relation function processing module is used for performing data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value 1 (X)；
The air preheater air leakage rate prediction value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater air leakage rate prediction value 1 (X) obtaining an air leakage rate predicted value A of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
air leakage of actual air preheaterThe rate data processing module is used for acquiring the oxygen content O of the air preheater inlet flue gas in real time 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Performing data processing to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater;
the air preheater air leakage rate deviation operation module is used for carrying out deviation operation on the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value A and the actual air preheater air leakage rate B, and sending out an 'large air leakage rate alarm' signal when the deviation value of the air preheater air leakage rate predicted value A and the actual air preheater air leakage rate B is larger than a first preset deviation value; the actual air preheater air leakage rate data processing module is specifically used for:
oxygen content O of flue gas at inlet of air preheater 2I And the oxygen content O of the flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 2O Air leakage rate relation function substituted into actual air preheater
And calculating to obtain the actual air leakage rate B of the air preheater.
6. The parameter prediction based air preheater fault monitoring system of claim 5, further comprising:
the relation function processing module is used for carrying out data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to respectively obtain relation functions F of the unit load and the predicted values of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater 3 (X) a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater 4 (X) and a relation function F of the unit load and the predicted value of the primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater 5 (X)；
The air preheater front and rear smoke pressure difference predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear smoke pressure difference predicted value 3 (X) obtaining a predicted value C of the flue gas pressure difference before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air preheater front and rear secondary air pressure difference prediction value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear secondary air pressure difference prediction value 4 (X) obtaining a predicted value D of the front and rear secondary air pressure difference of the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure difference predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F according to the unit load and the air preheater front and rear primary air pressure difference predicted value 5 (X) obtaining a primary air pressure difference predicted value E before and after the air preheater according to the current unit load;
the differential pressure data processing module is used for acquiring the inlet pressure P of the air preheater in real time 1 Air preheater outlet pressure P 2 Secondary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 3 Secondary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 4 Primary air inlet pressure P of air preheater 5 Primary air outlet pressure P of air preheater 6 Data processing is carried out to obtain a flue gas pressure difference Y1 before and after the air preheater, a secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 before and after the air preheater and a primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 before and after the air preheater respectively;
the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference Y1 and the air pre-heater front-rear flue gas pressure difference predicted value C is larger than or equal to a second preset deviation value;
the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference real-time value Y2 and the air pre-heater front-rear secondary air pressure difference predicted value D is larger than or equal to a third preset deviation value;
and the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference judging module is used for sending a signal of large air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference when the difference value between the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference real-time value Y3 and the air pre-heater front-rear primary air pressure difference predicted value E is larger than or equal to a fourth preset deviation value.
7. The parameter prediction based air preheater fault monitoring system of claim 6, further comprising:
the air preheater suspected blockage judging module is used for judging that the air preheater is suspected to be blocked and giving an alarm when any two of a signal of large smoke pressure difference before and after the air preheater, a signal of large secondary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater and a signal of large primary air pressure difference before and after the air preheater are received in a preset time period.
8. The parameter prediction based air preheater fault monitoring system of claim 6, further comprising:
the relation function processing module is used for carrying out data processing according to the acquired DCS historical data to obtain a relation function F of the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X)；
The air preheater current predicted value calculation module is used for calculating a relation function F between the unit load and the air preheater current predicted value 6 (X) obtaining an air preheater current predicted value F from the current unit load;
the air preheater current value acquisition module is used for acquiring an air preheater current value G in real time;
the absolute value function calculation module is used for calculating through an absolute value function ABS (F-G), wherein F is an air preheater current predicted value, and G is an air preheater current value;
and the air preheater sealing element rub-against judging module is used for sending an alarm signal of the air preheater sealing element rub-against when the absolute value of the absolute value function ABS (F-G) is larger than or equal to a fifth preset deviation value.
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| CN112034782A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-04 | 江阴信和电力仪表有限公司 | Air preheater online state monitoring and fault prediction method |
| CN113217941B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-07-29 | 华能铜川照金煤电有限公司 | Air preheater blockage prediction and water-spraying ammonia-spraying optimization anti-blocking method |
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| CN103886188A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | Rotary-type air pre-heater air leakage rate real-time estimation method based on differential pressure |
| CN110864855A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-06 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring air leakage rate of air preheater of power station boiler under medium and low loads |
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| CN103886188A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | Rotary-type air pre-heater air leakage rate real-time estimation method based on differential pressure |
| CN110864855A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-06 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring air leakage rate of air preheater of power station boiler under medium and low loads |
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