CN111444655A - Static and dynamic reinforcement method for hydraulic building structure - Google Patents
Static and dynamic reinforcement method for hydraulic building structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a static and dynamic reinforcement method for a hydraulic structure, which comprises the steps of developing static and dynamic calculation analysis of a three-dimensional finite element, cutting and providing node stress of a section, generating high-density sub-nodes in the section, assigning values to the sub-nodes by adopting a spatial interpolation method based on the node stress of the section, integrating the force of the sub-nodes in a stress area exceeding a set strength in the section, and designing reinforcement according to a force integration result. The invention provides a method for designing a hydraulic reinforced concrete structure reinforcement in any shape and at any position, which can meet the design requirements of high-precision and high-efficiency static and dynamic reinforcement of a hydraulic building structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, in particular to a static and dynamic reinforcement method for a hydraulic building structure.
Background
With the continuous construction of large-scale water conservancy and hydropower engineering in China, the problem of static and dynamic reinforcement of hydraulic building structures is increasingly concerned. Compared with other civil engineering structures, the hydraulic structure has larger size and relatively complex stress, and the reinforcement design can not be carried out according to the reinforcement method of the reinforced concrete structure of the conventional plate beam column by referring to the concrete structure design specification. For the static and dynamic reinforcing bars of the large-volume concrete structure of the hydraulic building structure, the following two schemes exist at present.
The first scheme is as follows:
(1) according to the design standard of hydraulic concrete structures and the functional requirements of hydraulic structures, carrying out the design of hydraulic concrete structures and the preliminary design of reinforcing bars;
(2) carrying out three-dimensional finite element static force calculation analysis or static force calculation analysis of the reinforced concrete structure based on the design data;
(3) if the calculation result does not meet the standard requirement, adjusting the reinforcement design or adjusting the local structural design of the hydraulic concrete building according to the calculation analysis result;
(4) and (4) carrying out three-dimensional finite element calculation analysis on the reinforced concrete structure on the basis, and repeating the steps until the calculation result meets the standard requirement.
The second scheme is as follows:
(1) according to the design standard of hydraulic concrete structures and the functional requirements of hydraulic structures, the design of the hydraulic concrete structures is developed;
(2) carrying out three-dimensional finite element static force calculation analysis or static dynamic force calculation analysis of the concrete structure according to the design data;
(3) according to the calculation result, as shown in the schematic diagram of the cross-section tension analysis shown in FIG. 1, the cross section is cut at the important part or the part with large tensile stress, and each node N in the cross section is obtainediOr tensile stress σ of unit Gaussian pointiThe effective area A corresponding to the node (or unit Gaussian point)iThe sum of the products of the two methods is obtained, and the tensile force of the section is obtained, namely:
wherein: f is the normal tension in the section; sigmai-tensile stress at the ith node N in the cross-sectional normal direction; a. theiThe effective area of the ith node N in the cross section.
(4) And (5) carrying out reinforcement design according to the obtained tension. And (3) if the reinforcing bars do not meet the requirements of the relevant specifications, adjusting the local structural design of the hydraulic concrete building, and returning to the step (2) to carry out calculation analysis until the requirements of the relevant specifications are met.
Scheme one arrangement muscle precision is high, but arrangement muscle efficiency is lower: the idea of the first scheme shows that the method is high in reinforcement accuracy, but reinforcement requirements of relevant specifications can be met only through one-time calculation and analysis, the reinforcement scheme needs to be adjusted for many times and calculation and analysis for many times, and reinforcement efficiency is low.
The second scheme has high reinforcement efficiency, but the reinforcement error is large: as can be seen from FIG. 1, the effective area A of each node (or cell Gaussian point) is due to the non-uniformity of the stressiThe internal tensile stress is often very different, even if there are both tensile stress and compressive stress in the effective area of some nodes (or unit gauss points), so that the tensile stress of each node (or unit gauss point) is greatly different from the average tensile stress in the effective area, and the tensile stress of each node (or unit gauss point) cannot represent the tensile stress in the effective area thereof, and the tensile stress of each node (or unit gauss point) can not represent the tensile stress in the effective area thereof
The summation causes large errors, the calculation result of the summation is probably deviated from safety to cause steel bar waste, and the calculation result is also probably deviated from safety to cause potential safety hazards to the engineering.
Therefore, in order to meet the requirement that the reinforcement design of the hydraulic building structure is good and fast, a reinforcement scheme with high precision and high efficiency is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low reinforcement precision and low reinforcement efficiency in the prior art. The invention provides a static and dynamic reinforcement method for a hydraulic building structure, which is characterized in that a three-dimensional finite element integral model is created, static analysis and/or static and dynamic analysis is carried out, a node N in a section generates a high-density sub-node N, the force of the sub-node in a stress area exceeding a set strength in the section is integrated, and reinforcement design is carried out according to the force integration result in the section. The static and dynamic reinforcement design requirements of high precision and high efficiency of the hydraulic building structure can be met.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a static and dynamic reinforcement method for a hydraulic building structure, which comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a three-dimensional finite element integral model of a hydraulic building structure, and carrying out static analysis and/or static and dynamic analysis to obtain each stress component of the structure under an integral coordinate system;
cutting a section of a local structure concerned by reinforcement design or calculating and analyzing a section of a local structure with larger stress by adopting a commercial post-processing program, and extracting stress components of the global coordinate system of each node N of the section;
step three: generating a high-density sub-node n in the cross section;
setting the maximum coordinate of the cross section on the x axis as xmaxThe minimum coordinate of the x axis is xmin，Δx＝xmax-xmin(ii) a Maximum y-axis coordinate of ymaxThe minimum coordinate of the y-axis is ymin，Δy＝ymax-ymin(ii) a Let xmin～xmaxI +1 child nodes n (i.e. dividing Deltax into i equal parts) and y are generated in the rangemin～ymaxGenerating j +1 child nodes n (namely dividing delta y into j equal parts) in the range, and generating (i +1) (j +1) child nodes in total;
step four: based on the N stress of the section node, a space interpolation method is adopted to endow each sub-node with an N stress value,
based on the coordinates and the stress of the section node N, the stress of each subnode N is given by adopting an inverse distance weight interpolation method,
in the formula (1), σkIs the stress of the kth child node n; sigmaiIs the stress of the ith node N in the cross section;
the weight coefficient of the ith node N in the cross section is shown, d is the distance from the kth sub-node N to the ith node N, and p is a weight index and takes the value of 1 or 2; all nodes in the reinforcement section participate in calculation;
step five: integrating the force of the sub-nodes of the stress area exceeding the set strength in the section;
step six: and D, carrying out reinforcement design according to the force integration result in the section in the step five.
Optionally, the first step further includes performing structural static and dynamic analysis according to the design load.
Optionally, in the second step, a section with the largest vertical stress in the column with the larger vertical stress is selected to develop reinforcement design, and a stress component of each node N of the selected section under the global coordinate system is extracted to obtain the stress component contour line distribution of the section.
Optionally, in the third step, the cross section is a non-rectangular cross section and/or a hollow cross section, sub nodes in the non-cross section are removed according to the geometric position of the boundary of the cross section, and the reinforcing bars of the cross section are in any shape;
the effective area of each non-boundary child node n is Ak,
The effective area of each sub-node n on the boundary is Ak(iii) the effective area of the corner sub-node n is Ak/4。
Optionally, in the fourth step, the method further includes obtaining the interpolated stress of each child node n by applying inverse distance weight interpolation to the section according to equation (1), where p is 2.
Optionally, the fifth step further includes integrating the cross-section positive tensile stress: design of reinforcement for the Positive tensile stress sigma of each sub-node n in the sectionkPerforming a force integral, wherek≥σs，σsFor the initial stress of reinforcement, 0 is less than or equal to sigmas≤ft，ftThe design value of the tensile strength of the concrete is obtained by the following formulasForce of (2):
in the formula (2), F is a tensile stress [ sigma ] in the cross sectionk≥σsThe total tension of the zone; sigmakTensile stress σ for the kth sub-node nk(σk≥σs)；AkIs the effective area of the kth child node n.
Optionally, step five, further including a moment generated by the normal stress in the cross section to the centroid, wherein a moment formula is as follows:
wherein
The x-axis coordinate difference from each child node n to the centroid of the cross-section,
is the y-axis coordinate difference of each child node n to the centroid of the cross-section.
Through the method, the invention establishes a static and dynamic reinforcement method for a hydraulic building structure, which comprises the following steps of developing static and dynamic calculation analysis of a three-dimensional finite element, cutting and extracting node stress of a section, generating high-density sub-nodes in the section, assigning values to the sub-nodes by adopting a space interpolation method based on the node stress of the section, integrating the force of the sub-nodes in a stress area exceeding the set strength in the section, and designing reinforcement according to a force integration result. The invention provides a method for designing a hydraulic reinforced concrete structure reinforcement in any shape and at any position, which can meet the design requirements of high-precision and high-efficiency static and dynamic reinforcement of a hydraulic building structure.
Drawings
In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical means adopted and the technical effects obtained more clear, the following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the drawings described below are only illustrations of exemplary embodiments of the invention, from which other embodiments can be derived by those skilled in the art without inventive step.
FIG. 1: schematic representation of cross-sectional tensile analysis of the prior art.
FIG. 2: the flow schematic diagram of the static and dynamic reinforcement method for the hydraulic building structure according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3: the invention discloses a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional finite element grid and a vertical stress model of a hydraulic structure.
FIG. 4: the schematic diagram of the position of the column with the reinforcement and the vertical tensile stress of the column according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5: a cross-sectional grid and vertical stress (normal stress) contour map according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6: a schematic diagram of a high density of child nodes n is generated within a cross-section according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7: a stress contour map of a cross-sectional sub-node n by interpolation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention may be embodied in many specific forms, and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The structures, properties, effects or other characteristics described in a certain embodiment may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more other embodiments, while still complying with the technical idea of the invention.
In describing particular embodiments, specific details of structures, properties, effects, or other features are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments by one skilled in the art. However, it is not excluded that a person skilled in the art may implement the invention in a specific case without the above-described structures, performances, effects or other features.
The flow chart in the drawings is only an exemplary flow demonstration, and does not represent that all the contents, operations and steps in the flow chart are necessarily included in the scheme of the invention, nor does it represent that the execution is necessarily performed in the order shown in the drawings. For example, some operations/steps in the flowcharts may be divided, some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, and the like, and the execution order shown in the flowcharts may be changed according to actual situations without departing from the gist of the present invention.
The block diagrams in the figures generally represent functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. I.e. these functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor means and/or microcontroller means.
The same reference numerals denote the same or similar elements, components, or parts throughout the drawings, and thus, a repetitive description thereof may be omitted hereinafter. It will be further understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, or sections, these elements, components, or sections should not be limited by these terms. That is, these phrases are used only to distinguish one from another. For example, a first device may also be referred to as a second device without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the term "and/or", "and/or" is intended to include all combinations of any one or more of the listed items.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. A method of static and dynamic reinforcement of a hydraulic structure, the method comprising:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) creating a three-dimensional finite element integral model of the hydraulic building structure, and carrying out static analysis or/and static-dynamic analysis to obtain each stress component of the structure under the integral coordinate system. And (4) establishing a model, analyzing to obtain each stress component, modeling the building structure, and facilitating integral calculation and stress analysis.
Optionally, in the first step, taking a hydraulic structure as an example, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional finite element mesh and a vertical stress model of the hydraulic structure is shown, where a unit is Mpa. And (3) creating a three-dimensional finite element model of a certain hydraulic building structure, and carrying out static and dynamic analysis on the structure according to the design load to obtain the stress component of the structure under the integral coordinate system. Firstly, a model is established, and stress analysis and calculation are conveniently and clearly carried out.
Step two: and (3) cutting the section of the local structure concerned by reinforcement design or calculating and analyzing the section of the local structure with larger stress by adopting a commercial post-processing program, and extracting the stress component of the global coordinate system of each node N of the section. The stress component of each node can be obtained, and subsequent calculation and analysis are facilitated.
Alternatively, a schematic diagram of the positions of the stud with reinforcing bars and the vertical tensile stress of the stud is shown in fig. 4, wherein the unit is MPa. The cross-sectional grid versus vertical stress (normal stress) contour plot shown in fig. 5 is in MPa.
And in the second step, selecting a section with the maximum vertical stress in the upright column with larger vertical stress to carry out reinforcement design according to the calculation and analysis result, and extracting the stress component of each node N of the selected section under the whole coordinate system to obtain the stress component contour line distribution of the section.
Step three: generating a high-density sub-node n in the cross section;
taking the above cross section as an example, a schematic diagram of generating a high density of sub-nodes n in Mpa in the cross section shown in fig. 6 is shown. Setting the maximum coordinate of the cross section on the x axis as xmaxThe minimum coordinate of the x axis is xmin，Δx＝xmax-xmin(ii) a Maximum y-axis coordinate of ymaxThe minimum coordinate of the y-axis is ymin，Δy＝ymax-ymin(ii) a Let xmin～xmaxI +1 child nodes n (i.e. dividing Deltax into i equal parts) and y are generated in the rangemin～ymaxIf j +1 child nodes n are generated within the range (i.e., Δ y is divided into j equal parts), then (i +1) (j +1) child nodes are generated in total.
Optionally, in the third step, if the cross section is one of a non-rectangular cross section, a hollow cross section or other special-shaped cross sections, the sub-nodes in the non-cross section are removed according to the boundary geometric position of the cross section, the cross section reinforcing bars are non-rectangular cross sections, hollow cross sections or other special-shaped cross sections, and the cross section reinforcing bars may be in any shape. The high-density sub-nodes are generated in the cross section, and then the coordinates are judged, the cross section can be in any shape and is not limited by the shape of the cross section, the application universality of the static and dynamic reinforcement method of the hydraulic building structure is improved, and the flexibility of reinforcement is improved.
The effective area of each non-boundary child node n is Ak，
The effective area of each sub-node n on the boundary is AkAnd 2, the effective area of each sub-node n of the corner takes the value Ak/4. By the method, the cross section of any shape can be calculated, the method is not limited by the shape of the cross section, and the reinforcement is more efficient.
Step four: based on the N stress of the section node, a space interpolation method is adopted to endow each sub-node with an N stress value,
based on the coordinates and the stress of the section node N, the stress of each subnode N is given by adopting an inverse distance weight interpolation method,
in the formula (1), σkIs the stress of the kth child node n; sigmaiIs the stress of the ith node N in the cross section;
the weight coefficient of the ith node N in the cross section is shown, d is the distance from the kth sub-node N to the ith node N, and p is a weight index and takes the value of 1 or 2; and all nodes in the reinforcing bar section participate in calculation.
Optionally, in the fourth step, by applying inverse distance weight interpolation (p is 2) to the above section, the interpolated stress of the sub-node n is obtained, as shown in fig. 7, the stress contour map of the sub-node n of the section passing through the interpolation, where the unit is Mpa, is very consistent with the size and distribution of the stress contour line of fig. 5.
Step five: integrating the force of the sub-nodes of the stress region exceeding a set strength within the cross-section.
Optionally, the fifth step further includes integrating the positive tensile stress of the cross section, assuming that the reinforcement design has a positive tensile stress σ for each sub-node n in the cross sectionkPerforming a force integral, wherek≥σs，σsFor the initial stress of reinforcement, 0 is less than or equal to sigmas≤ft，ftFor concrete tensile strengthEvaluating, the tensile stress σ in the cross section is obtained by the following formulak≥σsForce of (2):
in the formula (2), F is a tensile stress [ sigma ] in the cross sectionk≥σsThe resultant force of the zones; sigmakIs the tensile stress (σ) of the kth child node nk≥σs)；AkAnd taking the value of the effective area of the kth child node.
Optionally, the step five may further include a moment generated by the normal stress in the cross section to the centroid, where the moment formula is as follows:
wherein
The x-axis coordinate difference from each child node n to the centroid of the cross-section,
is the y-axis coordinate difference of each child node n to the centroid of the cross-section. The invention combines a finite element method and a spatial interpolation technology, generates the encryption sub-nodes on the reinforcement section on the basis of the finite element static and dynamic calculation analysis, gives stress to the encryption sub-nodes by adopting an inverse distance weight interpolation method, can accurately design reinforcement by comprehensive calculation, and has high efficiency.
Step six: and D, carrying out reinforcement design according to the force integration result in the section in the step five.
Because the static and dynamic reinforcement of the hydraulic structure is generally directed to the normal tensile stress, the above example of the solution is mainly directed to the normal tensile stress reinforcement of the hydraulic structure, but the solution can also be used to accurately find the resultant force of other stress components (such as shear stress, etc.) in the same cross section. The scheme is also suitable for the precise reinforcement design of reinforced concrete structures in civil engineering, bridge engineering and the like.
Compared with the prior art, aiming at the problems of low efficiency or large error of the existing reinforcement scheme in the static and dynamic reinforcement design of the existing hydraulic building structure, the invention generates the encryption sub-node in the reinforcement section; and according to the finite element calculation result, endowing the encrypted sub-node with stress by adopting an inverse distance weight interpolation method. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention combines a finite element method and a spatial interpolation technology, generates the encryption sub-nodes by the reinforcement section on the basis of finite element static and dynamic force calculation analysis, and gives stress to the encryption sub-nodes by adopting an inverse distance weight interpolation method. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the reinforcement arrangement efficiency is high; the reinforcement arrangement precision is high; the reinforcement allocation scheme can be optimized, the safety of the hydraulic building structure can be ensured, and the waste of the reinforcing steel bars can be avoided; the reinforcing bars can be distributed on the cross section with any shape, and the flexibility of structural design is improved.
While the foregoing embodiments have described the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention in further detail, it should be understood that the present invention is not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual machine or electronic device, and various general-purpose machines may be used to implement the present invention. The invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments thereof, but is to be understood as being modified in all respects, all changes and equivalents that come within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A static and dynamic reinforcement method for a hydraulic building structure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional finite element integral model of the hydraulic building structure, and carrying out static analysis and/or static-dynamic analysis to obtain each stress component of the structure under an integral coordinate system;
step two: cutting a section of a local structure concerned by reinforcement design or calculating and analyzing a section of a local structure with larger stress by adopting a commercial post-processing program, and extracting stress components of a global coordinate system of each node N of the section;
step three: generating a high-density sub-node n in the cross section;
setting the maximum coordinate of the cross section on the x axis as xmaxThe minimum coordinate of the x axis is xmin，Δx＝xmax-xmin(ii) a Maximum y-axis coordinate of ymaxThe minimum coordinate of the y-axis is ymin，Δy＝ymax-ymin(ii) a Let xmin～xmaxI +1 child nodes n (i.e. dividing Deltax into i equal parts) and y are generated in the rangemin～ymaxGenerating j +1 child nodes n (namely dividing delta y into j equal parts) in the range, and generating (i +1) (j +1) child nodes in total;
step four: based on the N stress of each node of the section, a space interpolation method is adopted to endow each sub-node with an N stress value,
based on the coordinates and stress of each node N of the section, the stress of each subnode N is given by adopting an inverse distance weight interpolation method,
in the formula (1), σkIs the stress of the kth child node n; sigmaiIs the stress of the ith node N in the cross section;
the weight coefficient of the ith node N in the cross section is shown, d is the distance from the kth sub-node N to the ith node N, and p is a weight index and takes the value of 1 or 2; all nodes in the reinforcement section participate in calculation;
step five: a force F on each sub-node n of the stress region exceeding a set strength in the cross sectionk(Fk＝σkAk) Performing integration;
in the formula (2), F is a tensile stress [ sigma ] in the cross sectionk≥σsThe resultant force of the zones; sigmakIs the tensile stress (σ) of the kth child node nk≥σs)；AkIs the kth subThe effective area of node n;
step six: and D, carrying out reinforcement design according to the force integration result in the section in the step five.
2. The method for statically and dynamically reinforcing bars for a hydraulic structure according to claim 1,
in the first step, the static and dynamic analysis of the structure is carried out according to the design load.
3. The method for statically and dynamically reinforcing bars for a hydraulic structure according to claim 1,
and in the second step, selecting the section with the maximum vertical stress in the upright column with the larger vertical stress to carry out reinforcement design, and extracting the stress component of each node N of the selected section under the overall coordinate system.
4. The method for statically and dynamically reinforcing bars for a hydraulic structure according to claim 1,
the third step further comprises that the cross section is a non-rectangular cross section and/or a hollow cross section, sub nodes in the non-cross section are removed according to the boundary geometric position of the cross section, and the cross section reinforcing bars are in any shape;
the effective area of each non-boundary child node n is Ak，
The effective area of each sub-node n on the boundary is Ak2; effective area value A of each sub-node n of cornerk/4。
5. The method for statically and dynamically reinforcing bars for a hydraulic structure according to claim 1,
in the fourth step, inverse distance weight interpolation is adopted for the section according to the formula (1), and p is 2 to obtain the interpolated stress σ of each sub-node nk。
6. The method for statically and dynamically reinforcing bars for a hydraulic structure according to claim 1,
step five, integrating the normal tensile stress of the section: design of reinforcement for positive tensile stress sigma of each sub-node in cross sectionkPerforming a force integral, wherek≥σs，σsFor the initial stress of reinforcement, 0 is less than or equal to sigmas≤ft，ftThe tensile stress sigma in the cross section is obtained by the following formula for the design value of the tensile strength of the concretek≥σsForce of (2):
in the formula (2), F is a tensile stress [ sigma ] in the cross sectionk≥σsThe resultant force of the zones; sigmakIs the tensile stress (σ) of the kth child node nk≥σs)；AkIs the effective area of the kth child node n.
7. The method for statically and dynamically reinforcing bars for a hydraulic structure according to claim 1,
step five, the moment generated by the normal stress in the cross section to the centroid is further included, and the moment formula is as follows:
wherein
The x-axis coordinate difference from each child node n to the centroid of the cross-section,
is the y-axis coordinate difference of each child node n to the centroid of the cross-section.
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| CN116108548A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-05-12 | 广东海洋大学 | BIM-based road bridge structural strength analysis method and system |
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