CN111444624A - Method and system for judging safety of operation state of ship berthing in port area - Google Patents
Method and system for judging safety of operation state of ship berthing in port area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for judging whether the mooring operation state of a ship berthing in a harbor area is safe or not, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining ship parameters and environment parameters corresponding to the current ship; calculating the running state of the current ship by utilizing an existing database in the system according to the ship parameters and the environmental parameters of the current ship; the running state comprises six-degree-of-freedom motion, mooring force and fender force of the current ship; and judging whether the current ship can be moored in the port or not and judging the maximum impact force to the fender in the berthing process according to the running state of the current ship. The method and the system for judging port ship berthing operation provided by the invention can quickly and accurately judge port ship berthing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of port and wharf operation safety, and particularly relates to a method and a system for judging safety of an operation state of a ship berthing in a port area.
Background
At present, the demand for energy and the lifting of China are increasing day by day, and the size of ships to be transported is increasing continuously in order to reduce the transportation cost, the safety management of ships in port is the primary factor for ensuring the safety of the ships in operation or in a docking state, especially the safety management of dangerous ships such as an LNG carrier L NG, a liquefied oil gas carrier L PG (liquefied natural gas) carrier, a chemical carrier and the like in docking.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to provide a method for determining safety of a berthing state of a ship in a harbor district, which is capable of monitoring and calculating safety of the berthing state and berthing process of the ship in the harbor district in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for judging the safety of the operation state of a ship berthing in a port area comprises the following steps:
(1) reading port information in real time, and judging whether the dock ship berthing state is safe in operation or not;
(2) according to the estimated storm flow information, estimating whether the ship operation state is safe or not;
(3) and judging whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe or not according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed.
Further, the step (1) further comprises the steps of obtaining a range of the storm flow load according to current meteorological data of a meteorological station around the port area, obtaining the amount of movement of the ship at the wharf, the pull force of the cable and the maximum value of the fender impact force after verifying the range of the storm flow based on a potential flow theory and a test result by using fluid mechanics calculation software according to the range of the storm flow, and storing the maximum values in a database.
Furthermore, the maximum values of the motion amount of the ship in six directions, the maximum tension of the cable and the fender impact force are obtained through interpolation by utilizing the existing database.
Further, the step (1) specifically comprises the steps of reading the information of the wind wave flow near the berth in the harbor area in real time, measuring the wind speed, the wind direction, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the wave period and the propagation direction of the waves arranged in the harbor, and judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the motion amount information of the ship, the maximum value of the fender impact force and the maximum value of the cable in the database.
Further, the step (2) specifically comprises the steps of predicting the storm flow information near the berth in the harbor area, judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the motion amount information of the corresponding ship in the database, the maximum value of the impact force of the fender and the maximum value of the cable rope through standards.
Further, in the step (3), according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed, and according to the design impact force corresponding to the wharf fender model, whether the berthing operation of the ship after arriving at the port is safe is judged, the impact energy when the ship is berthed is calculated according to the following formula,
in the formula: e0Effective impact energy (kJ) when a ship is in shore
m-ship mass (t), and calculating (t) according to the designed ship type full-load displacement;
Vn-ship landing normal speed (m/s);
CM-a shipAdditional mass coefficient of ship;
CE-eccentricity factor; typically 0.65
CSFlexibility factor, typically 1.0;
CC-berth form factor, for open high-piled wharfs and open wharfs, taking CC1.0; and C of solid quay wallCThe value, taken is 0.9;
the additional water mass of the ship in the formula can be calculated according to a potential flow theory or estimated according to the following empirical formula:
in the formula (3), D is the ship type depth, and B is the ship type width;
the impact force when the ship is berthed is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: f is the impact force when the ship is berthed, kN; c, taking the impact force coefficient to be 80-120; DWT-vessel payload, t; vn is the normal landing speed of the ship, m/s;
if the maximum impact force of the ship is greater than the designed maximum impact force of the wharf, dangerous information is prompted, and otherwise, the ship is safe.
The invention also provides a system for judging the safety of the operation state of the ship berthing in the port area, which comprises
The first judgment module is used for reading and acquiring the information in the port in real time and judging whether the operation of the dock ship is safe or not in the berthing state;
the second judgment module is used for predicting whether the ship operation state is safe or not according to the predicted storm flow information;
and the third judgment module is used for judging whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe or not according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed.
Further, the first judging module is specifically configured to read wave and current information near a berth in a harbor area in real time, measure wind speed, wind direction, flow speed, flow direction, wave height, period and propagation direction of waves arranged in the harbor, and judge whether an operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the motion amount information of the ship, the maximum value of fender impact force and the maximum value of a cable in the database according to standards.
Further, the second judging module is specifically used for predicting the storm flow information near the berth in the harbor area, and judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the motion amount information of the corresponding ship in the database, the maximum value of the fender impact force and the maximum value of the cable rope through standards.
Further, the third judging module is specifically configured to judge whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed and the design impact force corresponding to the dock fender model.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for judging the safety of the operation state of the ship berthing in the port area have the following advantages:
the method can quickly and accurately judge the docking of the ship in the harbor area, can monitor and calculate whether the docking state of the ship in the harbor area is safe or not and whether the docking process is safe or not in real time, and improves the safety and the accuracy of the ship in operation or docking in the harbor.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a port docking ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of judgment and early warning in a port ship berthing state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a method for determining the safety of a berthing ship operation state in a harbor district, which is divided into three modules, including a first module, for reading the information in the harbor in real time and determining whether the berthing state of the ship at the dock is safe; the second module is used for predicting whether the ship operation state is safe or not according to the predicted storm flow information; and the third module is used for judging whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe or not according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed.
The first module is used for firstly acquiring the information of wind, wave and flow near a berth in a harbor area in real time, measuring the wind speed, the wind direction, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the period and the propagation direction of waves in the harbor, transmitting data to a computer for system safety in real time, and judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the load degree information of a ship, the motion amount information of the ship, the maximum value of fender impact force and the maximum value of a cable rope corresponding to the load degree information in a database;
in the first module, firstly, the weather condition of the port needs to be known in advance, the high-probability wave flow condition appearing near the port is predicted according to the measured data of the surrounding weather station or the data published by the weather center in the United states, so that the main wave flow range of the wave flow of the port, including wind speed, wind direction, wave height, wave period and wave propagation direction, can be obtained, wherein if the measured data is not accurate near the port area, different mathematical models can be selected according to whether the port is an open type port or not for the wave calculation, wave spectrums suitable for different sea areas can be selected for the open type port by using the energy spectrum equation method for calculation, and when the open type port is not open and the surrounding is covered more, the wave mathematical model based on the Bous sinesq equation can be used in combination with the port area terrain and the boundary condition for calculating the wave result, wave-related parameters are obtained, such as wave height, wave period.
And then according to the result, carrying out hydrodynamic calculation on ships berthing at different berths to obtain the maximum values of the motion amount, the cable tension and the fender impact force of the wharf, storing the maximum values in a database, and establishing a database of the annual conditions of the wharf, wherein the calculated group number is encrypted if the probability of certain wave is high, and if the probability of certain wave is low, the calculated group number is properly relaxed, but the maximum group number interval is not less than 10% of the maximum value.
The motion amount under different loading degrees is calculated respectively by collecting ships with different scales berthed at a wharf, and in the system, the ships with different loading degrees need to calculate different databases respectively, so that different databases need to be selected before the system is used.
The quay water depth is then selected, for the first model-the real-time early warning module-the water depth of the leading edge is obtained by sending data in real time by means of a measuring device arranged in front of the quay, and for the second module-the manual calculation module-the data is entered manually according to the water depth of interest.
After obtaining the database, it is necessary to preprocess the obtained variables such as wind speed, wind direction, flow speed, flow direction, wave period, wave height, wave propagation direction, etc., and the processing manner of each variable is the same, which is now exemplified by the wave height.
Firstly, all wave heights calculated in a database are obtained and stored in a wave height sequence, if the introduced wave height variable is equal to the wave height in a certain database, the information is directly read, otherwise, the wave height in the database closest to the input wave height is selected as H0Then selecting the next larger wave height H in the database1When the wave height H1When the wave height is less than the maximum value Hmax of the wave height in the database, the value is selected as H1Otherwise H1Hmax. Similarly, when the input wave height is less than the minimum value Hmin of the wave height in the database, H is0Hmax. In the determination of H0And H1And then, determining the similar data and the next adjacent group of larger data, and then, obtaining the wind speed, the wind direction, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave period and the wave propagation direction by analogy in turn, and finding the two groups of data from the database.
After the two groups of data are found, the motion amount, the fender impact force and the mooring force of the ship in six directions corresponding to the back are obtained, the rapidity of an interpolation result is considered, the database is encrypted for a key area in calculation for several times, and the result output is the average value of each parameter of the two groups of data, such as the Rol of large rolling motion1And minor roll motion Rol0The output result is Rol 1/2 ═ Rol (Rol l l1+Rol l0) The amount of exercise of the ship is determined according to the amount of exercise issued by the department of transportationThe operation standard of the amount of motion of the ship required in the wharf design specification is set, the information of wharfs of different uses is pre-recorded into a system for judging the standard of the wharf, and information of danger is prompted when the information exceeds the set range.
In addition, in this early warning procedure, still will carry out early warning to following several dangerous situations:
1. the flow direction is open flow, and the transverse flow component is more than 0.25;
2. the included angle of the waves is more than 15 degrees and less than 180 degrees;
3. when blowing the wind, the wind direction is between 0 and 180 degrees;
4. and long-period waves, namely the wave period is more than or equal to 8 seconds.
When the above conditions occur, dangerous information is prompted for warning wharf operators. It should be noted that, for the first module and the second module, the hydrological environment in the harbor of the first module is directly collected by the instrument and the data is transmitted to the system, and the second module is manually input by the operator for judgment in advance.
When the motion quantity of the ship exceeds the standard, corresponding motion overrun prompt and early warning are provided. In addition, if the sum of the vertical motion and the draft of the ship is greater than the water depth, and the sum of the pitching motion and the draft of the ship is greater than the water depth, the early warning of ship bottom-touching risk can be generated; if the mooring force of the ship is greater than the cable breaking standard, warning of ship cable breaking risk is prompted; similarly, when the bearing capacity of the fender is larger than the bearing capacity of the fender, the early warning of the fender bearing risk can be generated, and the excessive scale is displayed in red to perform early warning.
For the third module, firstly, the impact force of the ship needs to be calculated, the impact force is obtained through empirical formulas of different ships, and the calculation mode is as follows:
firstly, calculating formulas of impact energy and impact force of a ship:
the impact energy when the ship is landed is calculated as follows.
In the formula: e0Effective impact energy (kJ) when a ship is in shore
m-ship mass (t), and calculating (t) according to the designed ship type full-load displacement;
Vn-ship landing normal speed (m/s);
CM-vessel additional mass factor;
CE-eccentricity factor; typically 0.65
CSFlexibility factor, typically 1.0;
CC-berth form factor, for open high-piled wharfs and open wharfs, taking CC1.0; and C of solid quay wallCThe value 0.9 is recommended.
Impact force when a ship is berthed:
in the formula: f is the impact force when the ship is berthed, kN; c, taking the impact force coefficient to be 80-120; DWT-vessel payload, t; vn is the normal landing speed of the ship, m/s.
TABLE 1 selection of impact coefficient C values
For the estimation of the displacement of the ship, the displacement is automatically estimated according to the selection of different ship types and the manual input of the load capacity/total ton (DWT/GT) and then the calculation according to the following table 2.
TABLE 2 regression relationship between full load displacement and load ton/total ton
Note: DT-ship full load displacement; DWT-ship load ton; GT-total ton of vessel.
In equation (1), the additional water mass of the ship can be calculated according to the potential flow theory or estimated according to the following empirical formula:
in the formula (3), D is the ship depth, and B is the ship width.
After the maximum impact force and the impact energy of the ship are calculated, the designed maximum impact force of the wharf is input, if the maximum impact force of the ship is larger than the designed maximum impact force of the wharf, danger information is prompted, and if not, the safety is achieved.
When the method of the invention is used, the specific operation process is as follows
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for judging the safety of the ship operation state during the berthing of a ship in a port in real time.
And measuring the storm flow information in the port and the loading condition of the ship at the moment in real time, reading the storm flow information at the moment, and updating the environmental parameters once every several time intervals.
After the wave flow information is obtained, each variable of wind speed, wind direction, flow speed, flow direction, wave height, wave period and wave propagation direction in the wave flow information is searched in a database, and corresponding data including the motion amount of the ship, the fender force and the mooring force result are obtained.
Then, early warning is carried out for the following dangerous situations:
1. the flow direction is open flow, and the transverse flow component is more than 0.25;
2. the included angle of the waves is more than 15 degrees and less than 180 degrees;
3. when blowing the wind, the wind direction is between 0 and 180 degrees;
4. and long-period waves, namely the wave period is more than or equal to 8 seconds.
If the above four dangerous conditions occur, based on the selected results, respectively finding a group of conditions with flow velocity, wave direction, wind direction and period larger than those in the found similar results according to each condition, then finding the group of conditions, and carrying out linear interpolation on the six-freedom-degree motion of the ship and the maximum values of the mooring force and the fender force according to the similar results and slightly larger results and real-time obtained parameters. And outputting the interpolated result as a final result.
If the situation does not exist, the closest result is directly selected as a final result, and then the motion amount standard of different L NG ships is judged according to relevant regulations and design values of dock fender and cable, namely the regulations of the design regulations of liquefied natural gas docks of the department of transportation.
If the operation standard is exceeded, displaying red in the digital standard background, and simultaneously displaying red dangerous operation in the safety information prompt, otherwise prompting green safety operation.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for determining the safety of a ship operation state during a stop of a ship in a port, based on the port environment and ship-related parameters.
The method is mainly used for calculating and judging whether the operation state of the ship is safe or not in advance according to related storm flow parameters, and is used for predicting whether the ship is safe or not during the dock berthing and whether the ship can work in the shore or not in advance.
Firstly, inputting the wind wave flow information to be calculated, including seven variables of 'wind speed, wind direction, flow speed, flow direction, wave height, wave period and wave propagation direction', simultaneously selecting the 'full load' or 'ballast' of the ship loading information, then carrying out interpolation in a database according to the corresponding variables, wherein the interpolation method is the same as the judgment standard 'embodiment 1', and outputting the final result after obtaining the final result.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for judging whether a ship is safe or not during berthing according to relevant parameters of the ship and berthing speed.
The types of the ship types including different ship types such as a bulk carrier, a container ship, a liquefied petroleum gas ship, a liquefied natural gas ship and the like are selected, and the regression relationship between the full-load displacement and the load ton/total ton is judged according to different ship type coefficients. In addition, the type of the wharf is selected, the three types of the wharf comprise a high-pile open type, an open type and a gravity quay wall type, and the berth shape coefficient is judged according to different wharf types.
And then selecting the width and draft parameters of the ship, and estimating the additional water mass coefficient of the ship according to an empirical formula. And obtaining an impact force coefficient through an empirical formula according to the selected load ton or displacement of the ship and the berthing speed, and calculating to obtain the impact force and the impact energy of the fender according to the formula. Meanwhile, the design impact force of the wharf fender is input, the result obtained through calculation is compared with the design value, whether the impact force is safe or not is judged, and corresponding prompt is carried out in the safety information module.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for judging safety of operation states of ships berthing in a port area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) reading port information in real time, and judging whether the dock ship berthing state is safe in operation or not;
(2) according to the estimated storm flow information, estimating whether the ship operation state is safe or not;
(3) and judging whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe or not according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed.
2. The method for judging the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (1) obtaining the range of the storm flow load according to the meteorological data of a meteorological station around the current port area, verifying the range of the storm flow load by using fluid mechanics calculation software based on a potential flow theory and a test result at the same time according to the range of the storm flow, obtaining the amount of movement of the ship at the wharf, the pull force of a cable and the maximum value of the fender impact force, and storing the maximum values in a database.
3. The method for judging the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and utilizing the existing database to obtain the maximum values of the motion amount of the ship in six directions, the maximum tension of the cable and the impact force of the fender through interpolation.
4. The method for judging the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (1) specifically comprises the steps of reading the information of the storm flow near the berth in the harbor area in real time, measuring the wind speed, the wind direction, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the wave period and the propagation direction of waves arranged in the harbor, and judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the maximum value of the impact force of the fender and the maximum value of the cable rope, which correspond to the motion amount information of the ship in a database.
5. The method for judging the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the step (2) specifically comprises the steps of predicting the storm flow information near the berth in the harbor area, judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the motion amount information of the corresponding ship in the database, the maximum value of the impact force of the fender and the maximum value of the cable rope.
6. The method for judging the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), whether the berthing operation of the ship after arriving at the port is safe is judged according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed and the design impact force corresponding to the wharf fender model, the impact energy when the ship is berthed is calculated according to the following formula,
in the formula: e0Effective impact energy (kJ) when a ship is in shore
m-ship mass (t), and calculating (t) according to the designed ship type full-load displacement;
Vn-ship landing normal speed (m/s);
CM-vessel additional mass factor;
CE-eccentricity factor; typically 0.65
CSFlexibility factor, typically 1.0;
CC-berth form factor, for open high-piled wharfs and open wharfs, taking CC1.0; and C of solid quay wallCThe value, taken is 0.9;
the additional water mass of the ship in the formula can be calculated according to a potential flow theory or estimated according to the following empirical formula:
in the formula (3), D is the ship type depth, and B is the ship type width;
the impact force when the ship is berthed is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: f is the impact force when the ship is berthed, kN; c, taking the impact force coefficient to be 80-120; DWT-vessel payload, t; vn is the normal landing speed of the ship, m/s;
if the maximum impact force of the ship is greater than the designed maximum impact force of the wharf, dangerous information is prompted, and otherwise, the ship is safe.
7. A judge system for safety of operation state of ships berthing in port areas is characterized in that: comprises that
The first judgment module is used for reading and acquiring the information in the port in real time and judging whether the operation of the dock ship is safe or not in the berthing state;
the second judgment module is used for predicting whether the ship operation state is safe or not according to the predicted storm flow information;
and the third judgment module is used for judging whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe or not according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed.
8. The method for determining the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the first judgment module is specifically used for reading the wave flow information near the berth in the harbor area in real time, measuring the wind speed, the wind direction, the flow speed, the flow direction, the wave height, the wave period and the propagation direction of waves arranged in the harbor, and judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the load degree information of the ship, the maximum value of the impact force of the fender and the maximum value of the cable rope, and the motion amount information of the ship, the maximum value of the impact force of the fender and the maximum value of the cable rope which correspond to each other.
9. The method for determining the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the second judging module is specifically used for predicting the storm flow information near the berth in the harbor area, and judging whether the operation state is safe or not according to the loading degree information of the ship, the motion amount information of the corresponding ship in the database, the maximum value of the fender impact force and the maximum value of the cable rope.
10. The method for determining the safety of the working state of the ship berthing in the harbor district as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the third judging module is specifically used for judging whether the berthing operation of the ship after arrival is safe or not according to the ship parameters and the berthing speed and the design impact force corresponding to the wharf fender model.
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| CN113221295A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-06 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Design and manufacturing method of fender and fender |
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