CN111442047B - Broadband passive vibration isolation device of three-dimensional ternary metamaterial and design method - Google Patents
Broadband passive vibration isolation device of three-dimensional ternary metamaterial and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111442047B CN111442047B CN202010263384.1A CN202010263384A CN111442047B CN 111442047 B CN111442047 B CN 111442047B CN 202010263384 A CN202010263384 A CN 202010263384A CN 111442047 B CN111442047 B CN 111442047B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
- F16F7/108—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on plastics springs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband passive vibration isolation device based on a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial and a design method of the broadband passive vibration isolation device, wherein the broadband passive vibration isolation device comprises a core column, a rubber cylinder, a base plate, a fastening bolt, an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate; the unit cells composed of the core column, the rubber cylinder and the base plate are periodically arranged in the three-dimensional direction, and the base plate is connected with the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate through fastening bolts respectively; and then the lower connecting plate is connected with the vibration source, and the upper connecting plate is connected with the body to be damped, so that the vibration isolation device is positioned in a transmission path of vibration, and the aim of vibration isolation is fulfilled. In addition, the invention also discloses a design method of the vibration isolation device based on the three-dimensional ternary metamaterial, and the function of selecting the vibration isolation frequency range can be realized by designing and selecting the size and the material of unit cells consisting of the core column, the rubber cylinder and the substrate according to the designed frequency range and performing manual periodic arrangement. Has certain universality in the engineering field of vibration isolation technology and potential of good economic effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metamaterials and vibration and noise reduction, in particular to a broadband passive vibration isolation device of a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial and a design method of the broadband passive vibration isolation device.
Background
Vibrations of different degrees are ubiquitous in the fields of general machinery such as automobiles, aerospace, ships and machine tools, precision instruments and equipment and buildings. According to the transmission process of vibration, a vibration system can be divided into three links of a vibration source, a transmission path and a vibration receiver. Correspondingly, the damping measures can be generally classified into three categories: suppressing the vibration intensity of the vibration source, eliminating vibration at the vibration receiver, and isolating vibration on the transmission path. Many vibration isolators are designed for a single frequency, however, in practice, the excitation frequency generated by the vibration source varies within a certain range, and the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator is reduced when the excitation frequency deviates from the design frequency of the vibration isolator. In addition, some frequency-adjustable vibration isolators rely on complicated and precise mechanical structures or electromagnetic force for adjustment, and in some use environments, the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolators is weakened due to the existence of temperature fields and electromagnetic fields.
A metamaterial is an emerging technology, which is a material formed by artificially and periodically arranging several natural materials, and has physical properties that the natural materials do not have. The metamaterial has the characteristic that unit cells are arranged along the direction of periodicity, and elastic waves in a certain frequency range (band gap range) can be blocked from propagating along the direction. By designing the size and the material of the metamaterial, the elastic wave propagation in a specific frequency range can be blocked, and the vibration can be controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband passive vibration isolation device of a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial and a design method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a broadband passive vibration isolation device of a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial and a design method of the broadband passive vibration isolation device.
Preferably, the relative lengths of the stem, the rubber tube and the base plate comprise various combinations.
Preferably, the two-dimensional projection shapes and relative sizes of the stem, the rubber tube and the base plate comprise various combinations.
Preferably, the unit cells formed by the stem, the rubber tube and the substrate can be periodically arranged in three-dimensional space.
Preferably, the stem material includes, but is not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, and lead metal materials; the rubber cylinder comprises but is not limited to natural rubber and synthetic rubber polymer materials; the substrate material includes, but is not limited to, natural resin and synthetic resin polymer material.
A design method of a broadband passive vibration isolation device of a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial comprises the following steps:
determining the excitation frequency range of the vibration source;
carrying out size design and material selection on unit cells, judging whether a band gap range covers an excitation frequency range of a vibration source or not by utilizing band gap characteristics of simulation calculation unit cells, modifying and reselecting the size and the material of the unit cells if the band gap range cannot cover the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, and carrying out design of periodic arrangement on the unit cells if the band gap range can cover the excitation frequency range of the vibration source;
and aiming at the specific design condition of the periodic arrangement, judging whether the range under the periodic arrangement covers the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, if the range under the periodic arrangement cannot cover the excitation frequency range, modifying the periodic arrangement direction and the number of the unit cells, and if the range under the periodic arrangement can cover the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, adding other parts of the vibration isolation device.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. the invention utilizes the characteristic that the metamaterial can obstruct the propagation of elastic waves in a certain frequency range in the periodic direction, and overcomes the defect that the vibration isolation effect is weakened when the excitation frequency of a vibration source deviates from the design frequency of the traditional vibration isolator because the design frequency of the traditional vibration isolator is a single numerical value.
2. The invention can respectively design and select the sizes and materials of the core column, the rubber cylinder and the substrate which form the unit cell aiming at the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, and can manually design the periodic arrangement mode of the unit cell, thereby realizing the vibration isolation in a certain frequency range.
3. The unit cell structure, the periodic arrangement mode and the whole structure of the vibration isolation device are simpler, and the vibration isolation effect is not easily influenced by the mechanical assembly precision; compared with partial active vibration isolation devices, the passive vibration isolation device has the advantages that the interference of an environmental electromagnetic field and temperature on the vibration isolation effect is small, and the reliability is high.
4. The component materials selected by the invention can be common natural materials or materials which are easy to prepare, have universality in the material field and the vibration damping engineering field, and have the potential of realizing good economic effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibration isolator of the three-dimensional metamaterial according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one of the metamaterial unit cell structures of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic two-dimensional projection of one of the metamaterial unit cells of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the vibration transmission characteristics of the metamaterial vibration isolator according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating relative thicknesses of a stem and a rubber cylinder and a base plate in a three-dimensional structure of a unit cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional projection shapes of the stem and the rubber cylinder and the base plate of the unit cell of the present invention;
wherein, 1-core column, 2-rubber cylinder, 3-base plate, 4-fastening bolt, 5-upper connecting plate, 6-lower connecting plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a broadband passive vibration isolation device based on a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial, which comprises a plurality of core columns 1, a plurality of rubber cylinders 2, a base plate 3, fastening bolts 4, an upper connecting plate 5 and a lower connecting plate 6, wherein the core columns 1 and the rubber cylinders 2 are inserted and connected, the rubber cylinders are inserted into the base plate 3 after wrapping the core columns, and the contact surfaces of the rubber cylinders 2 and the base plate 3 are bonded by gluing; the upper connecting plate 5 and the lower connecting plate 6 are respectively connected with the base plate 3 through fastening bolts 4. The upper connecting plate 5 and the lower connecting plate 6 are respectively connected with a vibration source and a body to be damped through bolts through screw holes in the Z direction, so that the assembly connection of the vibration isolation device is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the main structure of the vibration isolation device can be regarded as being formed by artificially and periodically arranging unit cells in a three-dimensional space. The main structure of the vibration isolation device as illustrated in fig. 1 is that the unit cells in fig. 2 are artificially and periodically arranged in the Y-Z plane direction. The unit cell is formed by embedding and assembling a stem 1, a rubber tube 2 and a substrate 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the two-dimensional projections of the unit cells of the stem 1, the rubber tube 2 and the base plate 3 of the vibration isolation device include, but are not limited to, circular, rectangular, square, etc., and may be in the same shape or in a combined shape. The lengths of the two-dimensional projections of the stem 1, the rubber tube 2, and the base plate 3 in the third dimension may be the same or different.
Fig. 4 shows the vibration transfer characteristic curve of the specific case shown in fig. 1. The vibration transfer rate T is the displacement amplitude ratio of the output end to the input end, and is an important index for evaluating the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator. The formula of the vibration transmissibility T is:
T＝10*Ln(woutput/winput)，
wherein, winputIs the amplitude of the input displacement, woutputIs the magnitude of the output displacement. Through experimental tests, the specific case shown in fig. 1 has vibration attenuation of 20dB under white noise excitation in the frequency range of 150-350Hz, i.e. has a better vibration isolation effect in the frequency range.
As shown in fig. 5, the relative thicknesses of the stem 1 and the rubber cylinder 2 and the base plate 3 in the three-dimensional structure of the unit cell may include, but are not limited to, those shown in fig. 5. Different combinations will produce different effects. The size of each component of the unit cell affects the band gap width, and the unit cell is composed of a stem 1, a rubber cylinder 2, and a substrate 3, as shown in fig. 2. Therefore, when any one of the stem 1, the rubber tube 2 and the base plate 3 is changed in size, the band gap of the whole body formed by the three is changed, and the vibration damping effect is also changed accordingly. Besides, the existence of various combinations can more actively control and change the limiting factors in engineering practice, such as the space limitation of application scenes, the material processing rate and the processing precision of the vibration isolation device, the processing cost and other limiting factors.
As shown in fig. 6, the two-dimensional projection shapes of the stem 1 and the rubber cylinder 2 of the unit cell and the base plate 3 include, but are not limited to, those shown in the present figure. Figure 3 shows the two-dimensional projection of the stem 1, the rubber cylinder 2 and the base plate 3 selected in the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A broadband passive vibration isolation device of a three-dimensional ternary metamaterial is characterized in that: the rubber tube sealing device comprises a plurality of core columns (1), a plurality of rubber tubes (2), a base plate (3), fastening bolts (4), an upper connecting plate (5) and a lower connecting plate (6), wherein the core columns (1) are inserted into and connected with the rubber tubes (2), the rubber tubes (2) are inserted into and connected with the base plate (3), the rubber tubes (2) and the base plate (3) are bonded by using glue, the rubber tubes are arranged periodically, unit cells formed by the core columns (1), the rubber tubes (2) and the base plate (3) can be arranged periodically in a three-dimensional space, the relative lengths of the core columns (1), the rubber tubes (2) and the base plate (3) comprise multiple combination modes, the two-dimensional projection shapes and the relative sizes of the core columns (1), the rubber tubes (2) and the base plate (3) comprise multiple combination modes, and the upper connecting plate (5) and the lower connecting plate (6) are respectively connected with the fastening bolts (4) and the rubber tubes (2) through the lower connecting plates (6) The base plate (3) is connected, and the upper connecting plate (5) and the lower connecting plate (6) are respectively connected with a vibration source and a body to be damped through bolts through screw holes in the Z direction.
2. The broadband passive vibration isolation device of the three-dimensional ternary metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein: the core column (1) material includes but is not limited to copper, iron, aluminum and lead metal material; the rubber cylinder (2) comprises but is not limited to natural rubber and synthetic rubber polymer materials; the material of the substrate (3) includes but is not limited to natural resin and synthetic resin high molecular material.
3. The design method of the broadband passive vibration isolation device of the three-dimensional ternary metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
determining the excitation frequency range of the vibration source;
carrying out size design and material selection on unit cells, judging whether a band gap range covers an excitation frequency range of a vibration source or not by utilizing band gap characteristics of simulation calculation unit cells, modifying and reselecting the size and the material of the unit cells if the band gap range cannot cover the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, and carrying out design of periodic arrangement on the unit cells if the band gap range can cover the excitation frequency range of the vibration source;
and aiming at the specific design condition of the periodic arrangement, judging whether the band gap range under the periodic arrangement covers the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, if the band gap range under the periodic arrangement cannot cover the excitation frequency range, modifying the periodic arrangement direction and the number of the unit cells, and if the band gap range under the periodic arrangement can cover the excitation frequency range of the vibration source, adding other parts of the vibration isolation device.
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| CN113864395B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2023-04-21 | 苏州淡珀科技有限公司 | Vibration and noise reduction device for metamaterial |
| CN114877017B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-09-26 | 天津大学 | Discrete particle elastic wave metamaterial device for multidirectional vibration isolation and noise reduction |
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| CN110030306A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of vibration isolating support structure and vibration isolator |
| CN110486400A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Band gap wave arrestment subtracts vibration isolation element |
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| US20150285327A1 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-10-08 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Multiphase Materials For Stress Wave Steering And Methods Of Providing Same |
| CN106678271A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-17 | 西北工业大学 | Local resonance low-frequency band gap vibration suppression periodic structure |
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