CN111438412A - Tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology - Google Patents
Tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111438412A CN111438412A CN202010303678.2A CN202010303678A CN111438412A CN 111438412 A CN111438412 A CN 111438412A CN 202010303678 A CN202010303678 A CN 202010303678A CN 111438412 A CN111438412 A CN 111438412A
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- copper alloy
- tungsten
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- silver
- spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/06—Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
- B23K3/0607—Solder feeding devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/08—Flame spraying
- B05D1/10—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/30—Metallic substrate based on refractory metals (Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/40—Metallic substrate based on other transition elements
- B05D2202/45—Metallic substrate based on other transition elements based on Cu
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology, which comprises the following steps: a. after the tungsten-copper alloy is processed into a finished product size, spraying a welding medium on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy and/or the copper alloy to form a coating; b. the sprayed tungsten-copper alloy is directly butt-welded with the copper alloy to form a finished product. A method for manufacturing a combined electrode applies a tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology to manufacture the combined electrode of tungsten-copper alloy and copper alloy. The special-shaped welding piece welding fixture has the advantages that the requirements of special-shaped welding surfaces on welding pieces and the requirements of different welding surface sizes on silver welding piece sizes and fixture sizes are avoided, the risk that air holes cannot be removed timely due to the fact that the silver welding pieces are unevenly heated is avoided, positioning allowance does not need to be reserved for tungsten-copper alloy, raw materials are saved through one-step processing and forming, and cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding, in particular to a tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology.
Background
With the continuous and deep research of resistance welding electrode materials, we have produced tungsten copper alloy and copper alloy combined electrodes with better thermal stability and long service life.
The prior art welding assembly process, as shown in fig. 1:
the tungsten-copper alloy 1 is a semi-finished product formed by rough turning a sintered blank, the silver soldering flakes 3 are cut and formed according to the size of the product, the copper alloy 2 is a semi-finished product with a silver soldering flake soldering groove 21, and the tungsten-copper alloy, the silver soldering flakes and the copper alloy are positioned by the soldering groove 21 and are processed into a finished product after being soldered.
Typically, such combined electrodes are welded with a copper alloy using a tungsten copper alloy, and the welding medium uses a silver tab and a solder.
The size of the silver soldering lug is limited by the size of the product and changes along with the change of the size of the product; the cutting of the silver solder sheet size requires tooling of various sizes.
When the bonding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy is large, the area of the silver soldering lug is correspondingly increased, and micro-pores in a large-area welding surface are difficult to discharge in the welding process.
In the welding process of the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy, the positions of the tungsten-copper alloy, the silver soldering piece and the copper alloy need to be aligned, and the semi-finished products of the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy need to be matched in size, so that the semi-finished products are required to be increased in size and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology, and silver is directly sprayed on the surface of the tungsten-copper alloy through a thermal spraying technology. Therefore, the function of silver in the welding process is played, and the complexity of the silver soldering piece in the traditional manufacturing process, which is changed along with the change of products, can be improved. The special-shaped welding piece welding fixture has the advantages that the requirements of special-shaped welding surfaces on welding pieces and the requirements of different welding surface sizes on silver welding piece sizes and fixture sizes are avoided, the risk that air holes cannot be removed timely due to the fact that the silver welding pieces are unevenly heated is avoided, positioning allowance does not need to be reserved for tungsten-copper alloy, raw materials are saved through one-step processing and forming, and cost is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology comprises the following steps:
a. after the tungsten-copper alloy is processed into a finished product size, spraying a welding medium on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy and/or the copper alloy to form a coating;
b. the sprayed tungsten-copper alloy is directly butt-welded with the copper alloy to form a finished product.
Further, the welding medium is a silver medium.
Further, in the step a, the welding medium is sprayed on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy and/or the copper alloy by a thermal spraying technology.
Further, the tungsten-copper alloy is kept in a normal temperature state in the whole spraying process.
A method for manufacturing a combined electrode applies a tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology to manufacture the combined electrode of tungsten-copper alloy and copper alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the size of the silver soldering lug is limited by the size of the product and changes along with the change of the size of the product; the cutting of the silver solder sheet size requires tooling of various sizes.
The technology of spraying silver on the surface of the tungsten-copper alloy directly sprays a layer of silver on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy to replace a silver soldering lug, so that the requirements of special-shaped welding surfaces on the soldering lug, the requirements of different welding surface sizes on the size of the silver soldering lug and the size of a tool are avoided.
(2) When the bonding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy is large, the area of the silver soldering lug is correspondingly increased, and micro-pores in a large-area welding surface are difficult to discharge in the welding process.
The tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology adopts a thermal spraying process, the tungsten-copper alloy is kept in a normal temperature state in the whole spraying process without heating to avoid thermal expansion, the silver welding wire is uniformly adsorbed on the tungsten-copper alloy surface after being melted at a high temperature, and the sprayed silver coating is uniformly melted by the heat conduction of the tungsten-copper alloy when being welded with the copper alloy to weld the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy together, so that the risk that the silver welding piece is not timely eliminated due to the fact that the silver welding piece is not uniformly heated.
(3) In the welding process of the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy, the positions of the tungsten-copper alloy, the silver soldering piece and the copper alloy need to be aligned, and the semi-finished products of the tungsten-copper alloy and the copper alloy need to be matched in size, so that the semi-finished products are required to be increased in size and the cost is increased.
The tungsten-copper alloy with the silver coating obtained by the tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology can be directly welded with the copper alloy, the tungsten-copper alloy does not need to reserve a positioning allowance, and the tungsten-copper alloy is processed and formed at one time, so that raw materials are saved, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a prior art weld assembly process diagram;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the welding assembly process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the silver blasting process of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a process diagram for fabricating a combined electrode.
In the figure:
1. tungsten-copper alloy, 2 copper alloy, 3 silver soldering lug, 4 silver coating, 21 soldering groove
11. Wire feed roller, 12 silver wire, 13 melting silver wire tip, 14 clamping device, 15 base material, 16 silver coating,
17. gas, 18. compressed air
21. High-frequency brazing induction coil
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The welding assembly process of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2:
after the tungsten-copper alloy 1 is processed into a finished product size, a silver coating 4 is sprayed on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy 1, the silver spraying technology on the surface of the tungsten-copper alloy 1 adopts a thermal spraying process, the tungsten-copper alloy 1 is kept at a normal temperature state without heating in the whole spraying process to avoid thermal expansion, and the silver welding wire is uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the tungsten-copper alloy 1 after being melted at a high temperature; the tungsten-copper alloy 1 after silver spraying is directly butt-welded with the copper alloy 2 to form a finished product.
Thermal spraying is a surface strengthening technique, which is a technique of heating a metallic or non-metallic material in powder or wire form to a molten or semi-molten state by using a certain heat source (such as an electric arc, plasma spraying or combustion flame, etc.), and then spraying the heated material onto the surface of a pretreated substrate at a certain speed by means of flame itself or compressed air to deposit and form a surface coating having various functions.
Thermal spraying refers to a series of processes in which a finely divided metallic or non-metallic coating material is deposited in a molten or semi-molten state onto a prepared substrate surface to form a spray deposit. The coating material may be in the form of powder, ribbon, wire or rod. The thermal spray gun is supplied with the necessary heat from a gas 7, an electric arc or a plasma arc, heats the thermal spray material to a plastic or molten state, and is accelerated by compressed air 8, causing a stream of constrained particles to impinge on the surface of the substrate 5. The particles impinging on the surface are deformed by pressing to form a laminated sheet, which adheres to the surface of the prepared substrate 5, and then cools and continuously accumulates to finally form a layered coating. The coating thickness may be from 0.01 to several millimeters. The specific spraying process is shown in fig. 3, and the heating, melting and atomizing of the spraying material are realized by a wire flame spray gun commonly called an air spray gun. The flame spray gun respectively introduces acetylene, oxygen and compressed air through an air valve, and the acetylene and the oxygen are mixed to generate combustion flame at the outlet of the nozzle. The driving mechanism in the spray gun drives the silver welding wire 12 to continuously feed into the flame through the central hole of the nozzle through the wire feeding roller 11, and the silver welding wire is heated and melted in the flame. The compressed air passes through the high-speed air flow with the conical shape of the air cap, so that the tip 13 of the fused silver welding wire is separated from the end of the wire rod and is atomized into fine particles, and the fine particles are sprayed on the surface of the pretreated base material 15 under the pushing of flame and air flow to form a silver coating 16. In order to adapt to wires with different diameters and different materials, different nozzles and air caps are adopted, and the wire feeding speed is adjusted. In special cases, inert gases are also used as atomizing gas flow. In the spraying process, the flame temperature is 2000 ℃, the temperature of the matrix 15 made of the tungsten-copper alloy is 35-45 ℃, and the tungsten-copper alloy is slightly influenced by the temperature, so that the coating is basically not influenced by the expansion and contraction of the base material.
Because the physical and chemical properties of the silver are stable, the silver has good heat conduction and electric conduction performance, and is soft and rich in ductility. Silver is selected here as the spray material. The melting point of the silver is 961.78 ℃, and in the spraying application, the silver belongs to a spraying material with lower temperature and is easy to melt in the spraying process. And simultaneously, considering the environment-friendly economic spraying material to select the silver welding wire. In specific implementation, the sprayed material can be silver materials of different brands to replace the silver material related to the patent, or any alternative material similar to the silver material and playing a role of a welding medium.
The technical scheme can be suitable for the condition that the welding medium is sprayed in the manufacturing process of any combined electrode. Specifically, the process for manufacturing the combined electrode comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, the tungsten-copper alloy 1 is processed and formed according to the size of the product.
2. Spraying silver on the formed tungsten-copper alloy 1: the silver spraying surface is arranged on the combined surface of the tungsten copper alloy 1 and the copper alloy 2.
The silver spraying adopts a spraying process. The spraying process selects oxy-acetylene flame wire for spraying, oxygen-acetylene flame is used as a heat source for heating a metal wire, the end part of the metal wire is heated to be in a molten state, wire metal in the molten state is atomized into particles by means of compressed air, and the particles are sprayed on the surface of a pretreated base material to form a firmly-combined coating. The wire flame spraying operation is simple and convenient, the equipment operation cost is low, and the wire flame spraying device is widely applied, so that the spraying requirement of the silver wires is met.
The wire flame spraying method is mainly characterized in that ① can be fixed and can be operated by hands, the wire flame spraying method is flexible and portable, ② metal materials capable of drawing wires can be almost sprayed, composite materials can be sprayed, ③ can be suitable for spraying of molybdenum materials from tin with a low melting point to molybdenum materials with a high melting point, ④ air atomization and molten particle pushing are carried out, jet flow is concentrated, deposition efficiency and coating bonding strength are high, the surface temperature of ⑤ workpieces is low, deformation cannot occur, and the wire flame spraying method can be even sprayed on paper, fabrics and plastics.
3. And welding the tungsten-copper alloy 1 sprayed with silver and the copper alloy together.
The welding uses a brazing process, the brazing process is to weld the copper alloy 2 with a cleaned surface and the tungsten-copper alloy 1 together, and the brazing flux is put in a gap between the copper alloy 2 and the tungsten-copper alloy 1. When the tungsten-copper alloy 1 and the silver coating 3 are heated to a temperature slightly higher than the melting point of silver by the high-frequency brazing induction coil 21, the silver coating 3 is melted, the copper alloy 2 and the tungsten-copper alloy 1 are not melted, the brazing flux is sucked into and filled in gaps between solid workpieces by virtue of capillary action, the liquid coating and the metal are mutually diffused and dissolved, and the brazing tungsten-copper alloy electrode is formed after condensation.
The brazing deformation is small, the joint is smooth and attractive, the method is suitable for welding components which are precise, complex and composed of different materials, a workpiece needs to be finely processed and strictly cleaned before brazing, oil stains and an excessively thick oxidation film are removed, and the assembly gap of the interface is ensured. The gap is generally required to be between 0.01 and 0.1 mm. In the brazing process, the base metal is not melted, and only the silver coating is melted; when in brazing, pressure is not required to be applied to the welding pieces (the copper alloy 2 and the tungsten copper alloy 1), the welding current is 800-1000 amperes, and the temperature is kept for 0.5 min. The weld seam formed by brazing is called a braze seam.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. after the tungsten-copper alloy (1) is processed into a finished product size, spraying a welding medium on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy (1) and/or the copper alloy (2) to form a coating (4);
b. the sprayed tungsten-copper alloy (1) is directly butt-welded with the copper alloy (2) to form a finished product.
2. The tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the welding medium is a silver medium.
3. The tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
in the step a, the welding medium is sprayed on the welding surface of the tungsten-copper alloy (1) and/or the copper alloy (2) by a thermal spraying technology.
4. The tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the tungsten-copper alloy (1) is kept in a normal temperature state in the whole spraying process.
5. A method for manufacturing a combined electrode is characterized in that:
wherein the combined electrode includes: tungsten copper alloy (1) and copper alloy (2),
welding the tungsten-copper alloy (1) and the copper alloy (2) into a combined electrode by applying the tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010303678.2A CN111438412A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010303678.2A CN111438412A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology |
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| CN202010303678.2A Pending CN111438412A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Tungsten-copper alloy surface silver spraying technology |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111889674A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-06 | 山东威尔斯通钨业有限公司 | Preparation method for one-step sintering molding of tungsten copper and copper combined part |
| CN111940743A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 山东威尔斯通钨业有限公司 | Preparation method of tungsten and copper solderless seamless connection combined part |
| CN114628179A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-14 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Method for connecting copper-tungsten alloy and copper alloy |
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| WO1993013535A1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for pre-soldering a contact base for an electric circuit component and semi-finished product for use as a contact base |
| CN101524779A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-09 | 丹阳市友和工具有限责任公司 | Brazing technology for diamond |
| CN101856758A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-10-13 | 河海大学常州校区 | Method for welding hard alloy steelwork and 45 steelwork |
| CN104588809A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江立泰复合材料有限公司 | Method for high-frequency welding of tungsten copper or tungsten steel and brass |
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| CN106112315A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of hard alloy blocks carrying solder and preparation method thereof |
| CN108237280A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 桂林金格电工电子材料科技有限公司 | A kind of welding method of copper-tungsten electrode |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO1993013535A1 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for pre-soldering a contact base for an electric circuit component and semi-finished product for use as a contact base |
| CN101524779A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-09 | 丹阳市友和工具有限责任公司 | Brazing technology for diamond |
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| CN106112315A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of hard alloy blocks carrying solder and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111889674A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-06 | 山东威尔斯通钨业有限公司 | Preparation method for one-step sintering molding of tungsten copper and copper combined part |
| CN111940743A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-17 | 山东威尔斯通钨业有限公司 | Preparation method of tungsten and copper solderless seamless connection combined part |
| CN114628179A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-14 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Method for connecting copper-tungsten alloy and copper alloy |
| CN114628179B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-09-29 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Copper-tungsten alloy and copper alloy connecting method |
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