CN111437940A

CN111437940A - Biomass fuel particle crushing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111437940A
Application number: CN202010322171.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李永建; 李水兰; 李宇钢
Original assignee: Hangzhou Fuyang Xinyuan New Energy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Xinyuan Traffic Electronic Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-22
Filing date: 2020-04-22
Publication date: 2020-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-22
Also published as: CN111437940B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of biomass fuel crushing, and particularly relates to biomass fuel particle crushing equipment which comprises a roller, shaft sleeves and a crushing module, wherein the two shaft sleeves are symmetrically arranged at the centers of two ends of a hollow roller rotating in the crushing equipment and are in rotating fit with the crushing equipment; the roller is driven to rotate by a motor; according to the invention, through switching the cutter and the impact cutter on the crushing module, biomass fuels such as soft straws and the like can be cut and crushed, and meanwhile, biomass fuels such as hard branches or sticks and the like can be impacted and crushed. Therefore, the effect of one machine with multiple purposes is achieved, the application range of the crushing equipment is greatly enlarged, and the universal crushing equipment has wider universality.

Description

Biomass fuel particle crushing equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of biomass fuel crushing, and particularly relates to biomass fuel particle crushing equipment.

Background

In order to sufficiently and effectively utilize biomass fuel, it is necessary to pulverize the biomass fuel by a crusher. However, the traditional crusher for crushing the biomass fuel has a small application range because the type of the internal cutter is single, and one crusher can only crush soft or hard biomass fuel, so that the universality is poor. Meanwhile, due to poor universality, a single cutter for cutting the soft biomass fuel is easily abraded in an allowable strength range aiming at the harder biomass fuel, so that the service life of the cutter is shortened, and the maintenance cost of equipment is increased.

The published "a biomass fuel crusher" with publication number "CN 107520019 a" D is to expand its application range by circumferentially arranging several impact cutter claws for hard biomass fuel and cutter knives for soft biomass fuel on a roller in a staggered manner. Simultaneously, reduce the wearing and tearing of cutting knife through the swing of design cutting knife when meetting stereoplasm biomass fuel, nevertheless, to the quantity of arranging of arbitrary kind cutter reducing to some extent to two kinds of cutters to biomass fuel's crushing efficiency has been reduced.

On the basis of ensuring that the crusher is suitable for crushing biomass fuels with different hardness and effectively avoiding extra abrasion of the cutting knife, the biomass fuel particle crushing equipment is necessary to solve the problems that the number of the cutting tools in the disclosed biomass fuel crusher with the publication number of CN 107520019A D is small, the crushing efficiency of the cutting tools is reduced, and the like.

The invention designs a biomass fuel particle crushing device to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses biomass fuel particle crushing equipment which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally use, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, or be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

A biomass fuel particle crushing equipment which is characterized in that: the crushing device comprises a roller, shaft sleeves and a crushing module, wherein two shaft sleeves are symmetrically arranged at the centers of two ends of a hollow roller rotating in the crushing device, and the two shaft sleeves are in rotating fit with the crushing device; the roller is driven to rotate by a motor; a plurality of mounting grooves are evenly formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the roller, and a crushing module is installed in each mounting groove.

The crushing module comprises a base, a shaft B, a volute spiral spring A, a sleeve A, an arc plate A, an impact knife, a volute spiral spring B, a sleeve B, an arc plate B, a cutter, a limiting block and a limiting spring, wherein the base is fixedly arranged in a corresponding mounting groove; a column groove is formed in the base, and the central axis of the column groove is parallel to the central axis of the roller; a shaft B which is the same with the column groove and has the same central axis is matched with the base in a rotating way, and a volute spiral spring A which resets the shaft B in a rotating way is arranged on the shaft B; the sleeve A and the sleeve B which rotate in the column groove are coaxially arranged on the shaft B; the sleeve A is rotationally matched with the shaft B, and the sleeve B is fixedly connected with the shaft B; an impact knife and an arc plate A are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve A, the impact knife is matched with a swing groove A on the base, and the arc plate A slides in an arc groove on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove around the central axis of the shaft B; an arc plate B matched with the swing groove B on the base is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve B, and a cutter is arranged at the tail end of the arc plate B; a clamping block A installed on the sleeve A is matched with a clamping block B installed on a shaft B, and the shaft B drives the sleeve A to rotate through a volute spiral spring B nested on the shaft B.

A limiting block matched with the limiting groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve B slides in the sliding groove on the inner wall of the column groove along the radial direction of the shaft B, and a limiting inclined plane is arranged at one end, matched with the limiting groove, of the limiting block; and a limiting spring for resetting the limiting block is arranged in the sliding groove. The cooperation of the limiting block with the inclined plane and the limiting groove realizes that the cutter has a better cutting angle to soft biomass fuel through limiting the cutter swing amplitude, and the cooperation of the limiting block and the limiting groove simultaneously enables the cutter to swing under the action of the biomass fuel when encountering the biomass fuel with a larger hardness and enables the cutter to smoothly swing back and reset after the biomass fuel with the larger hardness is broken by the impact cutter, so that the abrasion of the cutter is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

The crushing module, the roller and the shaft sleeve are provided with a structure for actively switching the impact knife and the cutter, so that the cutter and the impact knife can respectively cut and crush soft and hard biomass fuels, and the abrasion of the sharper cutter is reduced.

As a further improvement of the technology, two ends of the shaft B are respectively in rotating fit with two circular grooves on the side walls of two ends of the corresponding cylindrical groove; the inner wall of each circular groove is provided with a circular groove A; the shaft B is provided with a wire winding wheel B, and the coaxial wire winding wheel B and the volute spiral spring A are respectively positioned in the two annular grooves A; one end of the volute spiral spring A is connected with the corresponding shaft B, and the other end of the volute spiral spring A is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove A; a shaft A is rotatably matched on the central axis of the roller, and two ends of the shaft A are respectively rotatably matched with the two shaft sleeves; a plurality of supporting frames which are rotationally matched with the shaft A are axially arranged in the roller at intervals; the locking groove B which radially penetrates through the shaft A and the two crossed and communicated locking grooves A which radially penetrate through one shaft sleeve are matched with the locking pin, so that the locking of two relative rotating positions between the shaft A and the shaft sleeve is realized; one end of the shaft A is provided with a crank. The ring groove A provides a containing space for the winding wheel B and the volute spiral spring A. The support frame supports the shaft A, so that the strength of the shaft A is improved.

A plurality of winding wheel A are axially and uniformly installed on the shaft A at intervals, each winding wheel A is respectively in transmission connection with winding wheel B in a plurality of crushing modules which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in the same plane through a plurality of thin steel wires wound on the winding wheel A in the same direction, the rotation of the shaft A drives the winding wheel B in a plurality of crushing modules which are uniformly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the roller to rotate synchronously in the same direction through a plurality of winding wheel A, and then the shaft B in a plurality of crushing modules is driven to rotate in the same direction, so that the cutter and the impact knife in the crushing modules are switched.

As a further improvement of the technology, the limiting spring is a compression spring; one end of the limiting spring is connected with the inner wall of the sliding chute, and the other end of the limiting spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding limiting block; the limiting spring is always in a compressed state.

As a further improvement of the technology, a partition plate which is rotationally matched with the shaft B is arranged in the column groove, and the partition plate is positioned in a gap between the sleeve A and the sleeve B; a rubber sleeve is matched between the shaft B and the partition plate, and the rubber sleeves are respectively matched between the shaft B and the inner walls of the corresponding two circular grooves. The baffle forms effective support in the middle part of the shaft B, simultaneously still plugs the clearance between sleeve A and sleeve B, prevents that the rotation of sleeve A and sleeve in the column casing from forming the jam because of entering the clearance between sleeve A and the sleeve B by broken biomass fuel granule. The rubber sleeve absorbs the impact conducted to the shaft B through the sleeve A or the sleeve B when the cutter, particularly the impact cutter and the hard biomass fuel interact, so that the shaft B is prevented from being broken due to repeated impact for a long time, the service life of the shaft B is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of equipment is reduced.

As a further improvement of the technology, the inner wall of the sleeve A is provided with a ring groove B, and the volute spiral spring B is positioned in the ring groove B on the corresponding sleeve A; one end of the volute spiral spring B is connected with the inner wall of the ring groove B, and the other end of the volute spiral spring B is connected with the shaft B; the spiral spring B is always in a compressed state. The ring groove B provides accommodating space for the volute spiral spring B, the clamping block A and the clamping block B.

Compared with the traditional biomass fuel crushing equipment, the biomass fuel crushing equipment has the advantages that the soft biomass fuel such as straw can be cut and crushed by switching the cutter and the impact cutter on the crushing module, and meanwhile, the biomass fuel such as hard branches or sticks can be impacted and crushed. Therefore, the effect of one machine with multiple purposes is achieved, the application range of the crushing equipment is greatly enlarged, and the universal crushing equipment has wider universality.

According to the invention, the cutter and the impact cutter in the crushing module can be automatically switched under the forced action of the biomass fuel entering the crushing equipment, so that the cutter only cuts and crushes the biomass fuel such as soft straw and the like, and the impact cutter only impacts and crushes the biomass fuel such as hard tree branches or wood sticks and the like, thereby effectively reducing the abrasion of the sharper cutter, prolonging the service life of the sharper cutter and improving the use efficiency of the sharper cutter.

Compared with the biomass fuel crusher disclosed as "CN 107520019 a" D ", in the invention, because the cutters and the impact cutters are uniformly arranged in pairs in the manner of crushing modules, the distribution of the cutters and the impact cutters is more uniform, and the number of the impact cutters and the cutters in a unit area is more, thereby further improving the crushing efficiency of the cutters and the impact cutters on biomass fuel. In addition, the cutter and the impact knife are actively switched by the rotating shaft A, so that the biomass fuel of a single type is effectively cut or crushed, the cutter abrasion is actively reduced, the biomass fuel of different materials is cut or crushed in a classified batch mode, the universality of a single cut is improved, and the crushed biomass fuel is roughly classified. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an overall sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bushing, axis a and locking pin combination.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the crushing module, the thin steel wire and the corresponding wire winding wheel A matched with each other and a partial section of the thin steel wire and the corresponding wire winding wheel A.

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-section of the roller, shaft a and sleeve combination.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a crushing module.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the crushing module in overall section.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sleeve a, the latch B and the shaft B.

Fig. 9 is a schematic section view of the cutter, the arc plate B, the sleeve B and the limiting block.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a base.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the chute and post on the base.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pillar groove, the circular groove and the ring groove a.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the sleeve B, the arc plate B and the cutter.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the impact knife engaged with the sleeve a.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a roller; 2. mounting grooves; 3. a shaft sleeve; 4. a lock groove A; 5. an axis A; 6. a lock groove B; 7. a lock pin; 8. a crank; 9. a support frame; 10. a winding wheel A; 11. thin steel wires; 12. a crushing module; 13. a base; 14. a column groove; 15. a swinging groove A; 16. a swing groove B; 17. a chute; 18. an arc groove; 19. a circular groove; 20. a ring groove A; 22. a partition plate; 23. a shaft B; 24. a rubber sleeve; 25. a volute spiral spring A; 26. a winding wheel B; 27. a sleeve A; 28. a ring groove B; 29. an arc plate A; 30. an impact knife; 31. a volute spiral spring B; 32. a clamping block A; 33. a sleeve B; 34. a limiting groove; 35. an arc plate B; 36. a cutter; 37. a limiting block; 38. a relief slope; 39. a limiting spring; 40. and a fixture block B.

Detailed Description

The drawings are schematic illustrations of the implementation of the present invention to facilitate understanding of the principles of structural operation. The specific product structure and the proportional size are determined according to the use environment and the conventional technology.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the crushing device comprises a roller 1, shaft sleeves 3 and a crushing module 12, wherein as shown in fig. 2 and 5, two shaft sleeves 3 are symmetrically arranged at the centers of two ends of a hollow roller 1 rotating in the crushing device, and the two shaft sleeves 3 are in rotating fit with the crushing device; the roller 1 is driven to rotate by a motor; as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the outer cylindrical surface of the roller 1 is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 2, and each mounting groove 2 is internally provided with a crushing module 12.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the crushing module 12 includes a base 13, a shaft B23, a spiral spring a25, a sleeve a27, an arc plate a29, a striking knife 30, a spiral spring B31, a sleeve B33, an arc plate B35, a cutting knife 36, a limiting block 37 and a limiting spring 39, wherein as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the base 13 is fixedly installed in the corresponding installation groove 2; as shown in fig. 2, 10 and 11, a column groove 14 is formed in the base 13, and the central axis of the column groove 14 is parallel to the central axis of the roller 1; as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a shaft B23 having the same center axis as the cylindrical groove 14 is rotatably fitted to the base 13, and a spiral spring a25 for rotationally returning the shaft B23 is mounted thereon; a sleeve A27 and a sleeve B33 which rotate in the column groove 14 are coaxially arranged on a shaft B23; the sleeve A27 is rotationally matched with the shaft B23, and the sleeve B33 is fixedly connected with the shaft B23; as shown in fig. 8, 12 and 14, the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve a27 is provided with a percussion knife 30 and an arc plate a29, the percussion knife 30 is matched with a swing groove a15 on the base 13, and the arc plate a29 slides in an arc groove 18 on the inner wall of the column groove 14 around the central axis of a shaft B23; as shown in fig. 9, 10 and 13, an arc plate B35 matched with a swing groove B16 on the base 13 is installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve B33, and a cutter 36 is installed at the tail end of the arc plate B35; as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a latch a32 mounted on sleeve a27 cooperates with a latch B40 mounted on shaft B23, and shaft B23 drives sleeve a27 to rotate via a volute spring B31 nested thereon.

As shown in fig. 9, 11 and 12, a limiting block 37 matched with a limiting groove 34 on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve B33 slides in the sliding groove 17 on the inner wall of the column groove 14 along the radial direction of the shaft B23, and a limiting-releasing inclined surface 38 is arranged at one end of the limiting block 37 matched with the limiting groove 34; a limit spring 39 for resetting the limit block 37 is installed in the slide groove 17. The cooperation of the limiting block 37 with the inclined plane and the limiting groove 34 realizes that the cutter 36 has a better cutting angle for the soft biomass fuel by limiting the swing amplitude of the cutter 36, and meanwhile, the cooperation of the limiting block 37 and the limiting groove 34 enables the cutter 36 to swing under the action of the biomass fuel when encountering the biomass fuel with higher hardness and enables the cutter 36 to smoothly swing back and reset after the biomass fuel with higher hardness is crushed by the impact knife 30, so that the abrasion of the cutter 36 is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the crushing module 12, the roller 1 and the shaft sleeve 3 are provided with a structure for actively switching the impact knife 30 and the cutter 36, so that the cutter 36 and the impact knife 30 respectively cut and crush the soft and hard biomass fuels, and the abrasion of the sharper cutter 36 is reduced.

As shown in fig. 7 and 12, both ends of the shaft B23 are rotatably engaged with the two circular grooves 19 on the side walls of both ends of the corresponding pillar groove 14; the inner wall of each circular groove 19 is provided with a circular groove A20; as shown in fig. 4, 7 and 12, a coiler B26 is mounted on a shaft B23, and a coaxial coiler B26 and a scroll spring a25 are respectively positioned in two annular grooves a 20; one end of the scroll spring A25 is connected with the corresponding shaft B23, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove A20; as shown in fig. 2 and 4, a shaft a5 is rotatably fitted on the central axis of the roller 1, and two ends of the shaft a5 are respectively rotatably fitted with the two shaft sleeves 3; a plurality of supporting frames 9 which are rotationally matched with the shaft A5 are axially arranged in the roller 1 at intervals; as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, a locking groove B6 penetrating radially on the shaft a5 and two cross-communicated locking grooves a4 penetrating radially on one shaft sleeve 3 cooperate with the locking pin 7 to realize the locking of two relative rotational positions between the shaft a5 and the shaft sleeve 3; a crank 8 is mounted at one end of the shaft A5. The ring groove A20 provides accommodation space for the coiler B26 and the volute spiral spring A25. The support of the support 9 to the axle a5 provides increased strength to the axle a 5.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a plurality of winding wheels a10 are axially and uniformly installed on a shaft a5 at intervals, each winding wheel a10 is in transmission connection with winding wheels B26 of a plurality of crushing modules 12 which are uniformly distributed in the same plane and in the same circumferential direction through a plurality of thin steel wires 11 wound on each winding wheel a10 in the same direction, the rotation of the shaft a5 drives winding wheels B26 of a plurality of crushing modules 12 which are uniformly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the roller 1 to rotate synchronously in the same direction through a plurality of winding wheels a10, and further drives shafts B23 of the plurality of crushing modules 12 to rotate in the same direction, so that the cutting knife 36 and the impact knife 30 in the crushing modules 12 are switched.

As shown in fig. 9, the limit spring 39 is a compression spring; one end of a limiting spring 39 is connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove 17, and the other end of the limiting spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding limiting block 37; the limit spring 39 is always in a compressed state.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a partition plate 22 rotatably engaged with the shaft B23 is installed in the column groove 14, and the partition plate 22 is located in a gap between the sleeve a27 and the sleeve B33; the rubber sleeve 24 is matched between the shaft B23 and the partition plate 22, and the rubber sleeve 24 is respectively matched between the shaft B23 and the inner walls of the two corresponding circular grooves 19. The baffle plate 22 can effectively support the middle of the shaft B23 and simultaneously close the gap between the sleeve A27 and the sleeve B33, so that broken biomass fuel particles can be prevented from entering the gap between the sleeve A27 and the sleeve B33 to block the rotation of the sleeve A27 and the sleeve in the column groove 14. The rubber sleeve 24 absorbs the impact transmitted to the shaft B23 by the sleeve A27 or the sleeve B33 when the cutter 36, particularly the impact cutter 30 interacts with the hard biomass fuel, so that the shaft B23 is prevented from being broken due to repeated impact for a long time, the service life of the shaft B23 is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.

As shown in fig. 8 and 14, the inner wall of the sleeve a27 is provided with a groove B28, and the spiral spring B31 is positioned in a groove B28 on the corresponding sleeve a 27; one end of the scroll spring B31 is connected with the inner wall of the ring groove B28, and the other end is connected with the shaft B23; the wrap spring B31 is always in compression. The groove B28 provides a space for the spiral spring B31, the latch a32 and the latch B40.

The working process of the invention is as follows: in the initial state, the thin wire 11 between the reel a10 and the reel B26 is in a taut state. The lock pin 7 is inserted into the lock groove B6 on the shaft a5 and one of the lock grooves a4 on the boss 3 to fix the relative rotational position of the shaft a5 and the boss 3. The scroll spring A25 and the scroll spring B31 in the crushing module 12 are both in an energy storage state, and the clamping block A32 is in contact with the corresponding clamping block B40 to ensure that the scroll spring B31 is in a pre-compression energy storage state. The arc plates a29 are located at the extreme positions of the corresponding arc grooves 18, the inclined end of the limiting block 37 is located in the limiting groove 34 on the corresponding sleeve B33, and the limiting groove 34 interacts with the inclined surface on the limiting block 37. The cutter 36 is positioned outside the swinging groove B16 and is in a cutting state for the soft biomass fuel, and the impact knife 30 is positioned in the corresponding swinging groove A15.

When the biomass fuel entering the crushing equipment in the running state is soft straw biomass fuel, the cutter 36 in the crushing module 12 rotating synchronously with the roller 1 cuts and crushes the entering straw. Due to the uniform arrangement of the crushing modules 12 on the roller 1, the number of the cutters 36 is obviously increased, and the cutting and crushing efficiency of the cutters 36 on the straw biomass fuel is improved.

In the process that the cutter 36 cuts and crushes the straw biomass fuel, the volute spiral spring a25 in the energy storage state in the crushing module 12 improves and supports the interaction between the cutter 36 and the straw, so that the cutter 36 cannot swing around the central axis of the shaft B23 along with the sleeve B33 under the reaction of the biomass fuel.

When the biomass fuel entering the crushing device in the operating state is biomass fuel such as hard branches or waste wood boards, the biomass fuel is difficult to cut and crush by the cutter 36 due to the high hardness of the biomass fuel. At this time, the biomass fuel such as the branches or the wood boards acts on the cutting knife 36 rotating with the roller 1, so that the cutting knife 36 swings into the swinging groove B16 rapidly around the central axis of the shaft B23. Meanwhile, the cutter 36 drives the corresponding shaft B23 to rotate through the corresponding arc plate B35 and the sleeve B33, the sleeve B33 drives the arc plate a29 mounted on the sleeve B33 to move from one end limit position of the arc groove 18 to the other end limit position, the shaft B23 drives the sleeve a27 to rotate in the same direction by further compressing the corresponding volute spiral spring B31, and the sleeve a27 drives the corresponding impact knife 30 to rapidly swing out of the corresponding swing groove a15 and be in the radial direction of the roller 1 to act on the hard biomass fuel entering the crushing device. At the same time, scroll spring a25 in crushing module 12 is further compressed and stored energy by rotating shaft B23, and cartridge a32 rotates with shaft B23 to separate from cartridge B40 mounted on shaft B23.

Due to the uniform arrangement of the crushing modules 12 on the roller 1, the number of the impact knives 30 is obviously increased, so that the impact crushing efficiency of the impact knives 30 on the hard biomass fuel is improved.

When the cutter 36 swings under the action of the hard biomass fuel, the cutter 36 drives the sleeve B33 to overcome the limit of the inclined surface of the limit block 37 through the arc plate B35, so that the limit block 37 slides out of the limit groove 34 and retracts towards the inside of the sliding groove 17 to remove the limit on the rotation of the sleeve B33, and the limit spring 39 is further compressed to store energy. After the limiting block 37 is completely separated from the limiting groove 34, the inclined end of the limiting block 37 is kept in a contact and extrusion state with the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve under the action of the limiting spring 39.

Due to the fact that the size and the thickness parameters of the impact knife 30 are large, the impact knife 30 can smoothly complete impact crushing on the hard biomass fuel along with the rotation of the roller 1. When the impact knife 30 breaks the hard biomass fuel, the cutting knife 36 is in a falling state, and the cutting edge of the cutting knife 36 is away from the hard biomass fuel in the rotating direction of the roller 1, so that the hard biomass fuel is prevented from damaging or wearing the cutting edge of the cutting knife 36, and the service life of the cutting knife 36 is prolonged.

When the hard biomass fuel entering the crushing apparatus is completely crushed and completely separated from the crushing apparatus, the impact knife 30 interacting with the hard biomass fuel loses the effect of the biomass fuel. At this time, under the reset action of the volute spiral spring A25, the shaft B23 drives the cutter 36 to rapidly swing back to the initial state through the sleeve B33 and the arc plate B35. Meanwhile, the rotation of shaft B23 releases the restriction on spiral spring B31, and under the restoring action of spiral spring B31, sleeve a27 drives impact knife 30 and fixture block a32 to swing back to the initial state, and fixture block a32 and fixture block B40 re-contact. At this time, the limiting block 37 rapidly enters the limiting groove 34 on the sleeve B33 under the resetting action of the limiting spring 39 to complete the incomplete limiting of the sleeve B33 again, and the sleeve a27 drives the arc plate a29 to return to the initial position in the arc groove 18.

When the invention is required to crush only hard biomass fuel, in order to avoid impact damage or abrasion damage to the cutter 36 when hard material enters the crushing device in the early stage, the cutter 36 on the crushing module 12 and the impact cutter 30 can be switched together before the invention is operated. The specific switching process is as follows:

the lock pin 7 is firstly pulled out to release the position fixation between the shaft A5 and the shaft sleeve 3, then the crank 8 at one end of the shaft A5 is rocked, and the crank 8 drives a plurality of winding wheels A10 to synchronously rotate through the shaft A5. The plurality of winding wheels simultaneously wind the plurality of thin steel wires 11 wound on the plurality of winding wheels, and the plurality of thin steel wires 11 respectively and simultaneously pull the winding wheels B26 in the corresponding crushing modules 12 to rotate. The coiler B26 in the crushing module 12 drives the corresponding shaft B23 to rotate synchronously, the shaft B23 drives the cutter 36 to rapidly swing into the corresponding swing groove B16 through the sleeve B33 and the arc plate B35, so that the cutter 36 is in a lodging state, and the volute spiral spring A25 is further compressed to store energy. The limiting groove 34 on the sleeve B33 enables the limiting block 37 to completely slide out of the limiting groove 34 and completely release the rotation limitation of the sleeve B33 through an inclined plane acting on the limiting block 37, and the limiting spring 39 is further compressed to store energy. Meanwhile, the shaft B23 drives the sleeve a27 to rotate in the same direction by further compressing the spiral spring B31, and the sleeve a27 drives the impact knife 30 to swing out of the swing groove a15 quickly.

When the arc plate A29 moves to the other end limit position of the arc groove 18 along with the sleeve A27, the sleeve A27 stops swinging, the impact knife 30 is positioned in the radial direction of the roller 1, and the locking groove B6 on the shaft A5 is opposite to the other locking groove A4 on the shaft sleeve 3. At this time, the lock pin 7 is inserted into the lock grooves a4 and B6 again to fix a new relative rotation position of the shaft a5 and the sleeve 3, thereby fixing a position where the impact knife 30 performs a crushing work.

If the impact knife 30 needs to be switched to the cutter 36 again, before the crushing equipment runs, the bolt is pulled out to remove the position fixing between the shaft A5 and the shaft sleeve 3, then the crank 8 is rotated, the crank 8 drives the winding wheels A10 to discharge the thin steel wires 11 wound on the winding wheels A5 through the shaft A5, and the winding wheels B26 in the crushing module 12 are removed from being pulled by the thin steel wires 11. The shaft B23 in the crushing module 12 rapidly rotates to the initial state under the reset action of the corresponding volute spiral spring a25, and the shaft B23 drives the arc plate a29, the arc plate B35 and the cutter 36 to rapidly swing back to the initial state through the sleeve B33. When shaft B23 rotates, compression limitation on scroll spring B31 is released, under the reset action of scroll spring B31, sleeve A27 drives impact knife 30 to quickly swing back to the initial state, and fixture block A32 and fixture block B40 are quickly contacted again. Then, the lock pin 7 is inserted into the lock groove a4 and the lock groove B6 to fix the relative rotation position of the shaft a5 and the boss 3.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, through switching the cutter 36 and the impact knife 30 on the crushing module 12, biomass fuels such as soft straws and the like can be cut and crushed, and biomass fuels such as hard branches or sticks and the like can be impacted and crushed. Therefore, the effect of one machine with multiple purposes is achieved, the application range of the crushing equipment is greatly enlarged, and the universal crushing equipment has wider universality.

According to the invention, the cutter 36 and the impact knife 30 in the crushing module 12 can be switched independently under the forced action of the biomass fuel entering the crushing equipment, so that the cutter 36 only cuts and crushes the soft straw and other biomass fuels, and the impact knife 30 only impacts and crushes the hard tree branches or wood bars and other biomass fuels, thereby effectively reducing the abrasion of the sharp cutter 36, prolonging the service life of the cutter and improving the use efficiency of the cutter.

Compared with the biomass fuel crusher disclosed in the publication of "CN 107520019 a" D, "in the present invention, since the cutting knives 36 and the impact knives 30 are uniformly arranged in pairs in the manner of the crushing modules 12, the distribution of the cutting knives 36 and the impact knives 30 is more uniform, and the number of the impact knives 30 and the cutting knives 36 per unit area is more, so as to further improve the crushing efficiency of the cutting knives 36 and the impact knives 30 on biomass fuel. In addition, the cutter 36 and the impact knife 30 are actively switched by the rotating shaft A5 to realize the effective cutting or crushing of single type of biomass fuel, the classified batch cutting or crushing of biomass fuels of different materials is realized while actively reducing the abrasion of the cutter 36, and the general classification of crushed biomass fuel is realized while improving the universality of single cutter.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel particle crushing equipment which is characterized in that: the crushing device comprises a roller, shaft sleeves and a crushing module, wherein two shaft sleeves are symmetrically arranged at the centers of two ends of a hollow roller rotating in the crushing device, and the two shaft sleeves are in rotating fit with the crushing device; the roller is driven to rotate by a motor; a plurality of mounting grooves are uniformly formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the roller, and a crushing module is mounted in each mounting groove;

the crushing module comprises a base, a shaft B, a volute spiral spring A, a sleeve A, an arc plate A, an impact knife, a volute spiral spring B, a sleeve B, an arc plate B, a cutter, a limiting block and a limiting spring, wherein the base is fixedly arranged in a corresponding mounting groove; a column groove is formed in the base, and the central axis of the column groove is parallel to the central axis of the roller; a shaft B which is the same with the column groove and has the same central axis is matched with the base in a rotating way, and a volute spiral spring A which resets the shaft B in a rotating way is arranged on the shaft B; the sleeve A and the sleeve B which rotate in the column groove are coaxially arranged on the shaft B; the sleeve A is rotationally matched with the shaft B, and the sleeve B is fixedly connected with the shaft B; an impact knife and an arc plate A are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve A, the impact knife is matched with a swing groove A on the base, and the arc plate A slides in an arc groove on the inner wall of the cylindrical groove around the central axis of the shaft B; an arc plate B matched with the swing groove B on the base is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve B, and a cutter is arranged at the tail end of the arc plate B; a clamping block A arranged on the sleeve A is matched with a clamping block B arranged on a shaft B, and the shaft B drives the sleeve A to rotate through a volute spiral spring B nested on the shaft B;

a limiting block matched with the limiting groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve B slides in the sliding groove on the inner wall of the column groove along the radial direction of the shaft B, and a limiting inclined plane is arranged at one end, matched with the limiting groove, of the limiting block; a limiting spring for resetting the limiting block is arranged in the sliding groove;

the crushing module, the roller and the shaft sleeve are provided with structures for actively switching the impact knife and the cutter.

2. The biomass fuel particle crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: two ends of the shaft B are respectively in rotating fit with the two circular grooves on the side walls of the two ends of the corresponding column groove; the inner wall of each circular groove is provided with a circular groove A; the shaft B is provided with a wire winding wheel B, and the coaxial wire winding wheel B and the volute spiral spring A are respectively positioned in the two annular grooves A; one end of the volute spiral spring A is connected with the corresponding shaft B, and the other end of the volute spiral spring A is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding annular groove A; a shaft A is rotatably matched on the central axis of the roller, and two ends of the shaft A are respectively rotatably matched with the two shaft sleeves; a plurality of supporting frames which are rotationally matched with the shaft A are axially arranged in the roller at intervals; the locking groove B which radially penetrates through the shaft A and the two crossed and communicated locking grooves A which radially penetrate through one shaft sleeve are matched with the locking pin, so that the locking of two relative rotating positions between the shaft A and the shaft sleeve is realized; one end of the shaft A is provided with a crank;

a plurality of winding wheels A are axially and uniformly arranged on the shaft A at intervals, and each winding wheel A is in transmission connection with winding wheels B in a plurality of crushing modules which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the same plane through a plurality of thin steel wires wound on the winding wheels A in the same direction.

3. The biomass fuel particle crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting spring is a compression spring; one end of the limiting spring is connected with the inner wall of the sliding chute, and the other end of the limiting spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding limiting block; the limiting spring is always in a compressed state.

4. The biomass fuel particle crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a partition plate which is rotationally matched with the shaft B is arranged in the column groove, and the partition plate is positioned in a gap between the sleeve A and the sleeve B; a rubber sleeve is matched between the shaft B and the partition plate, and the rubber sleeves are respectively matched between the shaft B and the inner walls of the corresponding two circular grooves.

5. The biomass fuel particle crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the sleeve A is provided with a ring groove B, and the volute spiral spring B is positioned in the ring groove B on the corresponding sleeve A; one end of the volute spiral spring B is connected with the inner wall of the ring groove B, and the other end of the volute spiral spring B is connected with the shaft B; the spiral spring B is always in a compressed state.