CN111437829A - Preparation of magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst - Google Patents
Preparation of magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- MHLYOTJKDAAHGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver molybdate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MHLYOTJKDAAHGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- MODMKKOKHKJFHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MODMKKOKHKJFHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002122 magnetic nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- WBOALDSUMSMSCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-methyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium-1-yl)acetic acid;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CN1C[NH+](CC(O)=O)C=C1 WBOALDSUMSMSCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- DMTJPRGIWDILAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-methylimidazol-3-ium-1-yl)acetic acid;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CN1C=C[N+](CC(O)=O)=C1 DMTJPRGIWDILAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
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- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8993—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst, which is characterized in that 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride is adopted to dissolve pretreated corn husks and copper chloride is added to prepare a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material; preparing solution A by doping copper with carbon quantum dots and magnesium molybdate; preparing solution B from silver nitrate and nitric acid; adding the following components in percentage by mass into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, wherein the component A comprises the following components: 30-33%, dropwise adding liquid B: 62-66%, and carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles: 3-6%, covering a sealing cover, keeping the temperature constant at 150 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst. The preparation method has the characteristics of simplicity, good catalyst stability, degradability, environmental friendliness and the like; the catalyst is easy to recover, and has the characteristics of mild reaction conditions, high catalytic activity, small dosage and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of supported catalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst and application of the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst in degradation of organic pollutants.
Background
The environmental pollution problem is one of the major problems to be solved urgently by human beings nowadays. The photocatalytic oxidation method has the advantages of low energy consumption, mild purification conditions, no secondary pollution and the like for treating environmental pollution, so the photocatalytic oxidation method is concerned as a green chemical process. Conventional semiconductor photocatalysts such as TiO2And ZnO, which has a wider forbidden band width and can only absorb 3% -5% of solar energy. Bi-based and Ag-based semiconductors have the problems of narrow visible light absorption range, strong light corrosivity and the like, and the recombination rate of photon-generated carriers of most semiconductors is high, so that the potential application of semiconductor photocatalysts is limited. Therefore, an increasing amount of research is being conducted to widen the visible light absorption range of the photocatalyst and to promote the separation efficiency of carriers to improve the photocatalytic activity and stability thereof.
A Carbon Quantum Dot (CQDs) is a novel Carbon nano material with outstanding fluorescence, which is recently discovered, consists of quasi-discrete spherical Carbon nano particles with the size less than 10 nm and is an environment-friendly material with excellent water solubility, high biocompatibility and low toxicity, researches show that due to the unique structure and physicochemical properties of the CQDs, the CQDs can greatly improve the photocatalysis performance of a semiconductor after being compounded with a semiconductor photocatalyst, hydroxyl and carboxyl on the surface of the CQDs can be used as nucleation sites for reaction, a compound system is formed with the photocatalyst through stronger interface bonding, and the CQDs have the advantages that ① CQDs have near infrared light absorption characteristics, the absorption range of the catalyst on sunlight can be widened, ② CQDs have up-conversion photoluminescence characteristics and can excite the semiconductor to form more photoproduction electron hole pairs, ③ CQDs have stronger electron transmission performance, can effectively transfer and store photoproduction electrons in the catalyst, achieve the effect of improving charge separation efficiency, and the photoproduction electrons and O adsorbed on the surface of the photoproduction electrons2The combination can form superoxide radical to realize multi-site catalysis, and the ④ pi-pi conjugated structure is favorable to⑤ for unstable photocatalysts such as Ag series, CQDs layer and the formed core-shell structure can not only prevent the catalyst from dissolving, but also effectively prevent the photo-corrosion, therefore, the CQDs is compounded with the semiconductor, which is an important way to improve the performance of the photocatalyst.
According to the preparation method, the corn bran is used as a carbon source to prepare the carbon quantum dots doped with the metal copper, and the semiconductor photocatalyst silver molybdate is modified to prepare the composite visible light catalyst, so that the composite visible light catalyst has the characteristics of light weight, low price, good stability, degradability, environment friendliness and the like, is a renewable resource, has good physical and chemical stability and excellent mechanical stability, and is high in visible light catalysis efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst.
A preparation method of a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) preparing a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material: adding 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining according to the following composition in percentage by mass: 87-90%, pretreating corn husk powder: 8-12%, and adding copper chloride: 1.0-2.0 percent, covering a sealing cover, placing in a thermostat, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 24 hours to obtain a light yellow transparent liquid, injecting the obtained solution into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and evaporating a dialysis product to obtain a concentrated solution; freeze-drying the concentrated solution to be powder to obtain the copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material;
(2) preparing a solution A: adding deionized water into a reactor according to the following composition by mass percent: 90-92%, magnesium molybdate: 6-9%, copper-doped carbon quantum dots: 1-2%, stirring and dissolving, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is one hundred percent, heating and dissolving, and cooling to room temperature to prepare a solution A;
(3) and B, preparation of a solution B: adding deionized water into a reactor according to the following composition by mass percent: 85-89%, nitric acid: 5-8%, silver nitrate: 5-8%, stirring and dissolving, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is one hundred percent, and preparing a solution B;
(4) the preparation method of the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst comprises the following steps: adding the following components in percentage by mass into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, wherein the component A comprises the following components: 30-33%, dropwise adding liquid B: 62-66%, and carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles: 3-6 percent of the components are uniformly mixed, the sum of the mass percentages of the components is one hundred percent, a sealing cover is covered, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature box, the temperature is kept constant at 150 +/-2 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 8 hours, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, and the magnetic copper doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is obtained after solid-liquid separation, washing and drying.
The pretreated corn bran powder in the step (1) is prepared by washing mature corn cob husks with water to remove impurities, putting the corn cob husk powder into a container, soaking the container in water for 12 hours, washing with water, drying, crushing, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, soaking the corn bran powder in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1: 40m L for 6 hours according to the solid-to-liquid ratio, boiling for 10 minutes, cooling, washing with deionized water to be neutral, boiling with a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% for 10 minutes, cooling, washing with deionized water to be neutral, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and drying to obtain the pretreated corn bran powder.
The molar ratio of the magnesium molybdate in the step (2) to the silver nitrate in the step (3) is 1: 2-2.2.
The invention also aims to apply the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst to the catalytic degradation of methyl orange, rhodamine B, azo dyes, bisphenol A, tetracycline, organic pollutants and the like in wastewater for analysis and evaluation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst provided by the application is a copper-doped carbon quantum dot synthesized by a solvothermal method with corn bran as a carbon source and 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as a solvent, and is more green, economic and environment-friendly compared with the traditional process. The corn bran is widely distributed and short in growth cycle, is agricultural waste, and is cheap and easy to obtain as a carbon source raw material.
(2) The magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst prepared by adopting the solvothermal method is simple to operate, silver molybdate modified by the copper-doped quantum dots is uniformly dispersed, and the photocatalyst has a near-infrared light absorption characteristic and can widen the sunlight absorption range of the catalyst; the material has up-conversion photoluminescence characteristics, and can excite a semiconductor to form more photo-generated electron-hole pairs; increasing the stability of silver molybdate.
(3) The magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst prepared by the solvothermal method has magnetism and is easy to separate.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparing a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material: respectively adding 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining: 88g, pretreated corn husk powder: 10g, adding copper chloride: 2g, covering a sealing cover, placing in a thermostat, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 24 hours to obtain light yellow transparent liquid, injecting the obtained solution into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and evaporating a dialysis product to obtain a concentrated solution; freeze-drying the concentrated solution to be powder to obtain the copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material;
(2) preparing solution A, namely respectively adding 90 m of deionized water L, 8g of magnesium molybdate and 2g of copper-doped carbon quantum dots into a reactor, stirring for dissolving, heating for dissolving, and cooling to room temperature to obtain solution A;
(3) the preparation of the solution B, namely respectively adding 87 m L deionized water, 5m L nitric acid and 7g silver nitrate into a reactor, and stirring for dissolving to prepare solution B;
(4) a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is prepared by respectively adding 32 m L of solution A, 64 m L of solution B and 4g of carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, covering a sealing cover, placing the mixture into a constant temperature box, keeping the temperature at 150 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material: respectively adding 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining: 435g, pretreated corn husk powder: 60g, adding copper chloride: 5g, covering a sealing cover, placing in a thermostat, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 24 hours to obtain light yellow transparent liquid, injecting the obtained solution into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and evaporating a dialysis product to obtain a concentrated solution; freeze-drying the concentrated solution to be powder to obtain the copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material;
(2) preparing solution A, namely respectively adding 460 m L deionized water, 30g magnesium molybdate and 10g copper-doped carbon quantum dots into a reactor, stirring for dissolving, heating for dissolving, and cooling to room temperature to obtain solution A;
(3) the preparation of the solution B, namely respectively adding 445 m L deionized water, 20m L nitric acid and 30g silver nitrate into a reactor, and stirring for dissolving to prepare solution B;
(4) a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is prepared by respectively adding 155 m L of solution A, 330 m L of solution B and 15g of carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, covering a sealing cover, placing the mixture into a constant temperature box, keeping the temperature at 150 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material: respectively adding 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining: 90g, pretreated corn husk powder: 8g, adding copper chloride: 2g, covering a sealing cover, placing in a thermostat, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 24 hours to obtain light yellow transparent liquid, injecting the obtained solution into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and evaporating a dialysis product to obtain a concentrated solution; freeze-drying the concentrated solution to be powder to obtain the copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material;
(2) preparing solution A, namely respectively adding 90 m of deionized water L, 9g of magnesium molybdate and 1g of copper-doped carbon quantum dots into a reactor, stirring for dissolving, heating for dissolving, and cooling to room temperature to obtain solution A;
(3) the preparation of the solution B, namely adding 85 m L deionized water, 7m L nitric acid and 7g silver nitrate into a reactor respectively, and stirring for dissolving to prepare solution B;
(4) a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is prepared by respectively adding 32 m L of solution A, 62 m L of solution B and 6g of carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, covering a sealing cover, placing the mixture into a constant temperature box, keeping the temperature at 150 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst.
Example 4
(1) Preparing a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material: respectively adding 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining: 350g, pretreatment of corn husk powder: 44g, adding copper chloride: 6g, covering a sealing cover, placing in a thermostat, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 24 hours to obtain light yellow transparent liquid, injecting the obtained solution into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and evaporating a dialysis product to obtain a concentrated solution; freeze-drying the concentrated solution to be powder to obtain the copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material;
(2) preparing solution A, namely adding 364 m L of deionized water, 30g of magnesium molybdate and 6g of copper-doped carbon quantum dots into a reactor respectively, stirring for dissolving, heating for dissolving, and cooling to room temperature to obtain solution A;
(3) the preparation of the solution B, namely respectively adding 340 m L deionized water, 24m L nitric acid and 32g silver nitrate into a reactor, and stirring for dissolving to prepare solution B;
(4) a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is prepared by respectively adding 132 m L of solution A, 260 m L of solution B and 20g of carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, uniformly mixing, covering a sealing cover, placing the mixture into a constant temperature box, keeping the temperature at 150 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing and drying to obtain the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst.
Example 5
The catalyst activity evaluation comprises the steps of putting 100 m L containing 20 mg/L rhodamine B into a 250 m L beaker, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 2.0-6.5 by using 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid, enabling the degradation rate to be highest and stable when the pH value is 3.5-5.5, adding 1.0g of magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst, and carrying out catalytic reaction under sunlight0=0.735, the absorbance a =0.042 after 2 hours of solar irradiation, and the degradation rate of rhodamine B reaches 94.28%. The photodegradation rate is expressed as the decolorization rate D (%): d = (A)0-A)/A0× 100%, and taking the solution of rhodamine B with the same concentration and volume without adding a catalyst, carrying out catalytic reaction under the same sunlight, and respectively determining the absorbance A of the initial solution by adopting a spectrophotometry0=0.735, the absorbance a =0.712 and the degradation rate of rhodamine B reached 3.12% after 2 hours of solar irradiation.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
(1) preparing a copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material: adding 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining according to the following composition in percentage by mass: 87-90%, pretreating corn husk powder: 8-12%, and adding copper chloride: 1.0-2.0 percent, covering a sealing cover, placing in a thermostat, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, reacting for 24 hours to obtain a light yellow transparent liquid, injecting the obtained solution into a dialysis bag for dialysis, and evaporating a dialysis product to obtain a concentrated solution; freeze-drying the concentrated solution to be powder to obtain the copper-doped carbon quantum dot composite material;
(2) preparing a solution A: adding deionized water into a reactor according to the following composition by mass percent: 90-92%, magnesium molybdate: 6-9%, copper-doped carbon quantum dots: 1-2%, stirring and dissolving, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is one hundred percent, heating and dissolving, and cooling to room temperature to prepare a solution A;
(3) and B, preparation of a solution B: adding deionized water into a reactor according to the following composition by mass percent: 85-89%, nitric acid: 5-8%, silver nitrate: 5-8%, stirring and dissolving, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is one hundred percent, and preparing a solution B;
(4) the preparation method of the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst comprises the following steps: adding the following components in percentage by mass into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, wherein the component A comprises the following components: 30-33%, dropwise adding liquid B: 62-66%, and carboxylated ferroferric oxide magnetic nanoparticles: 3-6 percent of the components are uniformly mixed, the sum of the mass percentages of the components is one hundred percent, a sealing cover is covered, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature box, the temperature is kept constant at 150 +/-2 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 8 hours, the mixture is cooled to room temperature, and the magnetic copper doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst is obtained after solid-liquid separation, washing and drying.
2. The preparation method of the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of the corn husk powder in the step (1) is to take mature corn cob husk, wash the corn husk with water to remove impurities, put the corn cob husk into a container, soak the corn husk in water for 12 hours, wash the corn husk with water, crush the corn husk after drying, sieve the corn husk powder with a 120-mesh sieve, soak the corn husk powder in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 5% for 6 hours according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1: 40m L, boil the corn husk powder for 10 minutes, wash the corn husk powder with deionized water to neutrality after cooling, boil the corn husk powder with a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 10% for 10 minutes, wash the corn husk powder to neutrality with deionized water after cooling, separate the solid from the liquid.
3. The preparation method of the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the magnesium molybdate in the step (2) to the silver nitrate in the step (3) is 1: 2-2.2.
4. The magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst prepared by the preparation method of the magnetic copper-doped carbon quantum dot/silver molybdate composite photocatalyst according to claim 1.
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