CN111436897A - Oral cavity mouth gag and control method thereof - Google Patents

Oral cavity mouth gag and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN111436897A
CN111436897A CN202010125913.1A CN202010125913A CN111436897A CN 111436897 A CN111436897 A CN 111436897A CN 202010125913 A CN202010125913 A CN 202010125913A CN 111436897 A CN111436897 A CN 111436897A
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secretion
groove
grooves
supporting plate
row
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CN111436897B (en
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杨芬
李琳
苏霞
乔桂圆
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Hubei College of Chinese Medicine
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/24—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors; Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation

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Abstract

The invention provides an oral cavity mouth gag which comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a first handle, a second support plate, a support device and a control device, wherein the first connecting rod is L type and is of a hollow structure, the second connecting rod is L type, one end of a long side of the second connecting rod is hinged with one end of the long side of the first connecting rod, the first handle is of a hollow structure and is integrally connected with one end of the long side of the first connecting rod, the hollow structure of the first handle is correspondingly communicated with the hollow structure of the first connecting rod, the second handle is integrally connected with one end of the long side of the second connecting rod, the first support plate is of a hollow structure, the center of the top surface of the first support plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the short side of the first connecting rod, the bottom surface of the second support plate is an inwards concave arc surface, the center of the bottom surface of the second support plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the short side of the second connecting rod, the top surface of the second support device is an outwards convex arc surface, and.

Description

Oral cavity mouth gag and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an oral cavity mouth gag and a control method thereof.
Background
For patients with oral cavity ulceration after chemoradiotherapy, a good tool is not used when the oral cavity is observed, and a tongue depressor is used clinically, but the foreign body sensation of the patients is strong, nausea is easy to occur, and the pharyngeal ulceration of the patients is difficult to observe. And when the medicine is applied to a patient with serious oral ulcer, the medicine is difficult to be effectively applied because the condition of the oral cavity is difficult to see clearly.
The Chinese patent 201810702450.3 discloses an oral cavity mouth gag, which comprises a frame body, a jaw plate and a tongue protection adjusting component, wherein the jaw plate and the tongue protection adjusting component are arranged on the frame body, and the jaw plate and the tongue protection adjusting component are matched with each other, so that when a patient carries out oral cavity treatment, the mouth gag can block the tongue of the patient to be treated, avoid accidental injury, open the oral cavity of the patient at the same time, and guarantee is provided for the safety, comfort and convenience of the oral cavity treatment operation.
Chinese utility model patent 201720862246.9 discloses an oral cavity mouth gag, including first connecting rod and second connecting rod, the preceding tip of two arc connecting rods all be equipped with arc connecting rod upper surface vertical stretch into the section, stretch into the section and can stretch into oral cavity portion to two stretch into the both sides portion that the section symmetry stretched into the oral cavity, then the distance between the two handles of adjustment, thereby two distances of stretching into between the section, the adjustment oral cavity props the aperture promptly. Assist the patient in adjusting the opening amplitude and maintain the amplitude to match the treatment of the healthcare worker.
The above-mentioned comparison documents all have the following drawbacks:
1. when the tongue depressor or the mouth gag is placed in the oral cavity, when the tongue senses foreign matters, secretion is inevitably generated, and the generation of the secretion not only influences the visual field, but also influences the medicine application. The secretion suction is usually carried out by holding the suction apparatus outside the doctor, the operation is complicated, and the discomfort of the patient is increased.
2. When the medicine is applied to the patient with the oral cavity ulceration, the flashlight and the mouth gag are often held by one hand, and the medicine is applied to the patient by the other hand, so that the operation is difficult, and the oral cavity ulceration part of the patient is difficult to effectively treat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop an oral cavity mouth gag which can attract secretion generated in an oral cavity when the mouth gag is used, so that the visual field is clearer and the mouth gag is also beneficial to smearing medicaments.
The invention also aims to design and develop a control method of the oral cavity mouth gag, which can perform data processing on state coordinates of all parts of the first supporting plate, obtain a comprehensive state average value, determine the suction rate of the secretion and stably and effectively suck the secretion.
The invention can also accurately control the rotating speed of the negative pressure pump, and realize the stable and effective absorption of the secretion near the first supporting plate.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an oral cavity opener, comprising:
the first connecting rod is L type and has a hollow structure;
the second connecting rod is L-shaped, and one end of the long edge of the second connecting rod is hinged with one end of the long edge of the first connecting rod;
the first handle is of a hollow structure and is integrally connected with one end of the long edge of the first connecting rod in a forming mode, and the hollow structure of the first handle is correspondingly communicated with the hollow structure of the first connecting rod;
the second handle is integrally connected with one end of the long edge of the second connecting rod;
the first supporting plate is of a hollow structure, the center of the top surface of the first supporting plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the short edge of the first connecting rod, and the bottom surface of the first supporting plate is an inwards concave cambered surface;
the center of the bottom surface of the second support plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the short side of the second connecting rod, and the top surface of the second support plate is an outward convex cambered surface;
the first suction pipes are uniformly arranged on two sides in the radial direction in the first supporting plate, and one ends of the first suction pipes penetrate out of the first supporting plate;
the guide pipe is arranged in the first connecting rod, and one end of the guide pipe is communicated with the first suction pipe;
the liquid storage cavity is arranged in the first handle and is communicated with the other end of the flow guide pipe;
the negative pressure pump is fixedly arranged in the liquid storage cavity and is used for generating negative pressure;
and the supporting device is correspondingly arranged on the first handle and the second handle and is used for supporting and adjusting the distance between the first handle and the second handle.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the pair of side plates are arc-shaped, symmetrically arranged at two radial sides of the first supporting plate and integrally connected with the first supporting plate;
the second suction tubes are uniformly arranged on two sides in the radial direction in the first supporting plate, and one end of each second suction tube penetrates through the side plate;
a pair of first connection pipes provided in the first support plate and respectively communicated with the first suction pipes located at one side of the first support plate in a radial direction;
the pair of second connecting pipes are arranged in the first supporting plate and are respectively communicated with the second suction pipes positioned on one side of the first supporting plate in the radial direction;
the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the flow guide pipe.
Preferably, the supporting means includes:
a slide plate fixedly disposed on a side of the second handle opposite the first handle;
the sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding plate close to the bottom surface of the second handle;
the sliding block is of a U-shaped structure, and the opening end of the sliding block can be arranged in the corresponding sliding groove in a sliding manner;
one end of the support rod is hinged with the sliding block, and the other end of the support rod is hinged with a triangular prism-shaped fixture block;
the clamping grooves are in a triangular prism shape, are arranged on the side surface of the first handle opposite to the second handle at equal intervals in parallel and are used for being matched with the triangular prism-shaped clamping blocks;
and the pair of stop blocks are fixedly arranged on two axial sides of the sliding plate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the first grooves are circular, are uniformly arranged on the radial two sides of the bottom surface of the first supporting plate and correspond to the first suction pipes;
the second grooves are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the side plate and correspond to the second suction tubes;
one end of the first suction pipe, which penetrates through the first supporting plate, is flush with the bottom surface of the first groove, and one end of the second suction pipe, which penetrates through the side plate, is flush with the bottom surface of the second groove;
l ED light disposed at the hinge of the first link and the second link;
the cover plate is arc-shaped, is detachably arranged on the first handle and is used for discharging liquid in the liquid storage cavity.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the diffuse reflection sensor is arranged at the hinged part of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and used for detecting the diffuse reflection coefficient in the oral cavity;
a plurality of infrared sensors, one of which is correspondingly arranged at the first groove and the second groove, for detecting the depth of the secretion;
a plurality of viscosity sensors, one of which is correspondingly arranged at the first groove and the second groove, for detecting the viscosity of the secretion;
and the controller is connected with the diffuse reflection sensor, the infrared sensor, the viscosity sensor and the negative pressure pump, and is used for receiving the detection data of the diffuse reflection sensor, the infrared sensor and the viscosity sensor and controlling the negative pressure pump to work.
Preferably, the first support plate and the second support plate are silica gel.
A method of controlling an oral cavity opener, comprising the steps of:
step 1: determining the center position (x) of all the first grooves1i,y1i) And the position (x) of the center of the second groove2j,y2j)，Acquiring state coordinates (h) corresponding to each position according to the sensor1i,η1i) And (h)2j,η2j)；
Wherein, the axial direction of the first supporting plate is taken as a first direction axis, the radial direction is taken as a second direction axis, x1iIs the position of the center of the ith first groove on the first direction axis, y1iThe position of the center of the ith first groove on the second direction axis, x2jThe position of the center of a circle of the jth second groove on the first direction shaft, y2jThe position of the center of a circle of the jth second groove on the second direction shaft, h1iThe depth of the secretion at the ith first groove, η1iIs the viscosity of the exudate at the ith first groove, h2jThe depth of the secretion at the jth second groove, η2jIs the viscosity of the exudate at the jth second groove;
step 2: respectively obtaining the state average values of a first groove and a second groove which are parallel to the axial direction of a first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row
Figure BDA0002394373770000051
And
Figure BDA0002394373770000052
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002394373770000053
is the average value of the secretion depth of first grooves in a first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000054
is the average value of the secretion depth of the first grooves of the second row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000055
is the average value of the secretion depth of the second grooves in the first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000056
is the average value of the secretion depth of second grooves of a second row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000057
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of first grooves in a first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000058
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a first groove of a second row which is parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and is positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000059
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a first row of second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA00023943737700000510
the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a second row of second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row is obtained;
and step 3: comparing the state coordinates of all first grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row with the state average value of the first grooves in the other row, and rejecting the state coordinates of the first grooves with the deviation rate exceeding 5%; comparing the state coordinates of all second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row with the state average value of the second grooves in the other row, and rejecting the state coordinates of the second grooves with the deviation rate exceeding 5%;
wherein the depth deviation ratio
Figure BDA00023943737700000511
Rate of viscosity deviation
Figure BDA00023943737700000512
hiThe depth of the secretion of the ith groove of any column,
Figure BDA00023943737700000513
is another row corresponding to the grooveAverage secretion depth of the grooves of (η)iThe viscosity of the exudate for the ith groove of any one row,
Figure BDA00023943737700000514
the average viscosity of the exudate of the other row of grooves corresponding to the groove;
and 4, step 4: determining state coordinates of the rest first grooves and the rest second grooves, and solving corresponding average values to obtain comprehensive state coordinates
Figure BDA0002394373770000061
According to the comprehensive state coordinates
Figure BDA0002394373770000062
And acquiring the secretion suction rate.
Preferably, in the step 4, the integrated state coordinates are obtained according to
Figure BDA0002394373770000063
Acquiring the secretion aspiration rate comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive average depth of the secretion
Figure BDA0002394373770000064
Integrated average viscosity
Figure BDA0002394373770000065
Inputting into a fuzzy controller, wherein the comprehensive average depth of secretion in the fuzzy controller
Figure BDA0002394373770000066
Integrated average viscosity
Figure BDA0002394373770000067
7 grades are divided;
the fuzzy controller outputs the suction velocity v of the secretionyThe output is divided into 7 grades;
the average depth of the exudate solution
Figure BDA0002394373770000068
Has a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]A quantization factor of 10; the combined average viscosity of the exudate
Figure BDA0002394373770000069
Has a fuzzy domain of [1,1.84 ]]The quantification factor is 3; suction rate v of output exudateyHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantification factor is 5;
the fuzzy set of inputs and outputs is { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }.
Preferably, the absorption rate v according to the secretionyControlling the rotating speed of the negative pressure pump to meet the following conditions:
Figure BDA00023943737700000610
wherein n isySpeed of the negative pressure pump, n0Is the basic speed, Δ P, of the negative pressure pump0For negative pressure pump with n rotation speed0The negative pressure generated during the process, η is the circumference ratio, |1Is the axial length of the first suction tube, /)2Is the axial length of the second suction tube,/01Is the axial length of the first connecting pipe, /)02Is the axial length of the second connecting pipe l3Is the axial length of the draft tube, r2Is the inner diameter of the second suction tube, r1Is the inner diameter of the first suction pipe, r01Is the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe, r02Is the inner diameter of the second connecting pipe, r3The inner diameter of the flow guide pipe, r is the radius of fan blades of the negative pressure pump, m is the number of the first suction pipes, n is the number of the second suction pipes, and ξ is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient in the oral cavity.
Preferably, the obtaining of the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient includes:
collecting diffuse reflection coefficients of all parts in the oral cavity through a sensor according to a sampling period;
determining input layer neuron vector of three-layer CRJ neural network, T ═ (ξ)1,ξ1,…,ξq,…,ξp)；
Wherein, ξqThe q-th diffuse reflection coefficient, and p is the number of the collected diffuse reflection coefficients;
mapping the input layer vector to a reserve pool, wherein k neurons of the reserve pool are provided;
obtaining an output layer neuron vector: o ═ O1)；
Wherein o is1Is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the oral cavity mouth gag designed and developed by the invention can attract secretion generated in the oral cavity when the mouth gag is used, so that the visual field is clearer, and the mouth gag is also beneficial to smearing medicaments.
(2) The control method of the oral cavity mouth gag designed and developed by the invention can carry out data processing on the state coordinates of all positions of the first supporting plate, obtain the average value of the comprehensive state, determine the suction rate of the secretion and stably and effectively suck the secretion. The invention can also accurately control the rotating speed of the negative pressure pump, and realize the stable and effective absorption of the secretion near the first supporting plate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an oral cavity opener according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the oral cavity opener of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the oral cavity opener of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure at the handle of the oral cavity opener of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the oral cavity opener of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at E in fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the supporting device of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the structure at C in fig. 4.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the structure at D in fig. 4.
Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the first support plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the structure at F in fig. 12.
FIG. 14 is the integrated mean depth of input secretions for the fuzzy controller of the present invention
Figure BDA0002394373770000081
A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 15 is the integrated average viscosity of the input exudate for the fuzzy controller of the present invention
Figure BDA0002394373770000082
A membership function graph of (1).
FIG. 16 is the output exudate suction rate v of the fuzzy controller of the present inventionyA membership function graph of (1).
Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a CRJ network according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
110. The lamp holder comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a first handle, a second handle, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a hollow side plate, a first suction pipe, a second suction pipe, a hollow side plate, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a hollow side plate, a sliding groove, a sliding block, a supporting rod, a triangular prism-shaped clamping block, a sliding block, a supporting rod, a triangular prism-shaped clamping block, a clamping groove, a clamping block, a sliding.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather as being provided for the purpose of illustration and description. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of structures and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in FIGS. 1-13, the present invention provides an oral cavity opener, comprising a first link 110 which is L-shaped and has a hollow structure, a second link 210 which is L-shaped and has one end of a long side hinged to one end of the long side of the first link 110, a first handle 120 which is hollow and has a hollow structure and is connected to one end of the long side of the first link 110, and the hollow structure of the first handle 120 is correspondingly communicated with the hollow structure of the first link 110. a second handle 220 is connected to one end of the long side of the second link.
A first support plate 130, preferably made of silicone, is vertically disposed at one end of the short side of the first link 110, reduces the foreign body sensation, has a hollow structure, and is communicated with the hollow structure of the first link 110. The bottom surface of the first supporting plate 130 is an inward concave arc surface to adapt to the shape of the tongue surface. A second supporting plate 230, preferably made of silicone, is vertically and fixedly connected to one end of the short side of the second connecting rod 210, and the top surface of the second supporting plate is an outward convex arc surface to adapt to the shape of the palate. Hollow side plates 140 are integrally formed at both radial sides of the first support plate 130 to communicate with the hollow structure of the first support plate 130.
A plurality of first suction pipes 150 are uniformly arranged at two large radial sides in the inner hollow structure of the first support plate 130, one end of each first suction pipe 150 penetrates through the first support plate 130, and a sealing ring is arranged at the position where the first suction pipe 150 penetrates through the first support plate 130 to prevent secretion from entering the first support plate 130. A plurality of second suction tubes 160 are uniformly arranged on two large radial sides in the inner hollow structure of the first support plate 130, one end of each second suction tube 160 penetrates through the side plate 140, and a sealing ring is arranged at the position where the second suction tubes 160 penetrate through the side plate 140 to prevent secretion from entering the first support plate 130. A pair of first connection pipes 170 are further provided in the first support plate 130 to communicate with the first suction pipes 150 located at one side of the first support plate 130 in a radial direction, respectively. A pair of second connection tubes 180 are further provided in the first support plate 130, and respectively communicate with the second suction tubes 160 located at one side of the first support plate 130 in the radial direction. A flow guide tube 111 is provided in the first link 110, and one end thereof communicates with the first connection tube 170 and the second connection tube 180.
A reservoir chamber 121 is provided in the first handle 120 and communicates with the fluid guide tube 111. A negative pressure pump is disposed in the liquid storage chamber 121 for generating negative pressure and absorbing secretion, and a liquid discharge port 1211 is disposed on the liquid storage chamber. As another embodiment of the present invention, the liquid storage chamber 121 may also be a liquid storage bag 121 detachably connected to the fluid guiding tube 111, and a negative pressure pump (not shown) is further fixedly disposed in the first handle 120, and one end of the negative pressure pump is detachably connected to the liquid storage bag 121. Namely, the liquid storage bag 121 is disposable and can be thrown away once. The liquid storage bag 121 is similar to an infusion bag and comprises two connecting ports, the other end of the guide pipe 111 is similar to a needle head structure of an infusion tube connected with one end of an infusion bottle, one connecting port of the liquid storage bag is inserted into the liquid storage bag, the sucked secretion can be guided into the liquid storage bag, the other connecting port of the liquid storage bag 121 is connected with a negative pressure pump, negative pressure is generated in the liquid storage bag 121, and the secretion is sucked into the liquid storage bag 121. It should be noted that even if a new reservoir bag is replaced at the time of use, the mouth gag needs to be sterilized and used.
The negative pressure pump is electrically controlled, can contain a battery through being provided with a battery port in the first connecting rod, charges the negative pressure pump, and can also be used for plugging electricity through a connecting wire.
A supporting device is arranged at the corresponding position of the first handle 120 and the second handle 220 for supporting and adjusting the distance between the first handle 120 and the second handle 20, and further adjusting the distance between the first supporting plate 130 and the second supporting plate 230.
The support device comprises: a sliding plate 240 fixedly disposed on a side of the second handle 220 opposite the first handle 120. A pair of slide grooves 241 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the slide plate 240 near the bottom surface of the second handle 220. A slider 242 is disposed in cooperation with the sliding slot 241, and is U-shaped, and the opening end is slidably disposed in the corresponding sliding slot 241. A support rod 243 is hinged to the slider 242, and an end of the support rod 243 away from the slider 242 is hinged to a triangular prism-shaped latch 244. A plurality of clamping grooves 245, which are triangular prism-shaped and are used for being matched with the triangular prism-shaped clamping blocks, are arranged on the side surface of the first handle 120 opposite to the second handle 220 at equal intervals in parallel. Stoppers 246 are provided at both axial ends of the slider 240 to prevent the sliders 242 from slipping out of the slider 240. The distance between the first handle 120 and the second handle 220 can be adjusted by the cooperation of the fixture block 244 and different clamping grooves 245.
As another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first grooves 151, which are circular, are formed at both sides of the bottom surface of the first support plate 130 in the radial direction, corresponding to the first suction pipe 150. A plurality of second grooves 161 are provided on the bottom surface of the side plate 140 in correspondence with the second suction tubes 160. The end of the first suction pipe 150 penetrating through the first support plate 130 is flush with the bottom surface of the first groove 151, and the end of the second suction pipe 160 penetrating through the edge plate 140 is flush with the bottom surface of the second groove 161. The existence of the groove is more beneficial to the absorption of secretion.
An L ED lamp 190 is arranged at the hinged position of the first connecting rod 110 and the second connecting rod 120 to play a role of illumination and to more conveniently observe the condition in the oral cavity, and a cover plate 122 which is arc-shaped and used for disassembling and replacing the liquid storage bag 121 or discharging the liquid in the liquid storage chamber 121 is detachably arranged on the first handle 120.
In this embodiment, the method further includes: the diffuse reflection sensor is arranged at the hinged position of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and used for detecting the diffuse reflection coefficient in the oral cavity; a plurality of infrared sensors, one of which is correspondingly arranged at the first groove and the second groove and is used for detecting the depth of the secretion; a plurality of viscosity sensors, one of which is correspondingly arranged at the first groove and the second groove, for detecting the viscosity of the secretion; and the controller is connected with the diffuse reflection sensor, the infrared sensor, the viscosity sensor and the negative pressure pump, and is used for receiving detection data of the diffuse reflection sensor, the infrared sensor and the viscosity sensor and controlling the negative pressure pump to work.
The oral cavity mouth gag designed and developed by the invention can attract secretion generated in the oral cavity when the mouth gag is used, so that the visual field is clearer, and the mouth gag is also beneficial to smearing medicaments.
The invention also provides a control method of the oral cavity mouth gag, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the center position (x) of all the first grooves1i,y1i) And the position (x) of the center of the second groove2j,y2j) Acquiring state coordinates (h) corresponding to each position according to the sensor1i,η1i) And (h)2j,η2j)；
Wherein, the axial direction of the first supporting plate is taken as a first direction axis (x axis), the radial direction is taken as a second direction axis (y axis), and x1iIs the position of the center of the ith first groove on the x axis, y1iIs the position of the center of the ith first groove on the y axis, x2jIs the position of the center of the j second groove on the x axis, y2jIs the position of the circle center of the jth second groove on the y axis, h1iThe depth of the secretion at the ith first groove, η1iIs the viscosity of the exudate at the ith first groove, h2jThe depth of the secretion at the jth second groove, η2jIs the viscosity of the exudate at the jth second groove;
step 2: respectively obtaining the state average values of a first groove and a second groove which are parallel to the axial direction of a first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row
Figure BDA0002394373770000111
And
Figure BDA0002394373770000112
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002394373770000113
is the average value of the secretion depth of first grooves in a first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000114
is the average value of the secretion depth of the first grooves of the second row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000121
is the average value of the secretion depth of the second grooves in the first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000122
is the average value of the secretion depth of second grooves of a second row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000123
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of first grooves in a first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000124
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a first groove of a second row which is parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and is positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000125
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a first row of second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure BDA0002394373770000126
the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a second row of second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row is obtained;
and step 3: comparing the state coordinates of all first grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row with the state average value of the first grooves in the other row, and rejecting the state coordinates of the first grooves with the deviation rate exceeding 5%; comparing the state coordinates of all second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row with the state average value of the second grooves in the other row, and rejecting the state coordinates of the second grooves with the deviation rate exceeding 5%;
wherein the depth deviation ratio
Figure BDA0002394373770000127
Rate of viscosity deviation
Figure BDA0002394373770000128
hiThe depth of the secretion of the ith groove of any column,
Figure BDA0002394373770000129
η average depth of secretion of another row of grooves corresponding to the grooveiThe viscosity of the exudate for the ith groove of any one row,
Figure BDA00023943737700001210
the average viscosity of the exudate of the other row of grooves corresponding to the groove;
and 4, step 4: determining state coordinates of the rest first grooves and the rest second grooves, and solving corresponding average values to obtain comprehensive state coordinates
Figure BDA00023943737700001211
According to the comprehensive state coordinates
Figure BDA00023943737700001212
And acquiring the secretion suction rate.
Wherein, according to the comprehensive state coordinate
Figure BDA00023943737700001213
Acquiring the secretion aspiration rate comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive average depth of the secretion
Figure BDA00023943737700001214
Integrated average viscosity
Figure BDA00023943737700001215
Suction rate v of secreted fluidyCarrying out fuzzy processing; without control, the combined mean depth of exudate
Figure BDA00023943737700001216
Has a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]A quantization factor of 10; combined average viscosity of exudate
Figure BDA00023943737700001217
Has a fuzzy domain of [1,1.84 ]]The quantification factor is 3; suction rate v of output exudateyHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantification factor is 5. In order to ensure the accuracy of controlTo achieve better control, the experiments are repeated to determine the optimal input and output levels, wherein the integrated mean depth of the secreted fluids
Figure BDA00023943737700001218
Integrated average viscosity
Figure BDA00023943737700001219
7 grades are divided; suction rate v of output exudateyThe output is divided into 7 grades; the fuzzy sets of the input and the output are { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }, and the membership functions of the input and the output adopt triangular membership functions, which are shown in detail in FIGS. 14, 15 and 16. Wherein the fuzzy control rule of the fuzzy controller is as follows:
(1) integrated mean depth of exudate
Figure BDA0002394373770000131
Certain, combined average viscosity
Figure BDA0002394373770000132
Increase, in need of increasing the suction rate v of the secretiony；
(2) Combined average viscosity of exudate
Figure BDA0002394373770000133
Constant, integrated mean depth
Figure BDA0002394373770000134
Increase, in need of increasing the suction rate v of the secretiony；
The specific control rule of the fuzzy control is detailed in the table I.
Table suction rate v of a secretionyFuzzy control table of
Figure BDA0002394373770000135
Integrated mean depth of input exudate for fuzzy controller
Figure BDA0002394373770000136
Integrated average viscosity
Figure BDA0002394373770000137
Obtaining the suction rate v of the output secretion of the fuzzy controller by using a fuzzy control rule table IySuction rate v of secreted fluidyAnd (5) defuzzifying and pasting by using a gravity center method.
And 5: according to the absorption rate v of the secretionyControlling the rotating speed of the negative pressure pump to meet the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002394373770000138
wherein n isySpeed of the negative pressure pump, n0Is the basic speed, Δ P, of the negative pressure pump0For negative pressure pump with n rotation speed0Negative pressure generated in time,. pi.is circumferential ratio,. l1Is the axial length of the first suction tube, /)2Is the axial length of the second suction tube,/01Is the axial length of the first connecting pipe, /)02Is the axial length of the second connecting pipe l3Is the axial length of the draft tube, r2Is the inner diameter of the second suction tube, r1Is the inner diameter of the first suction pipe, r01Is the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe, r02Is the inner diameter of the second connecting pipe, r3The inner diameter of the flow guide pipe, r is the radius of fan blades of the negative pressure pump, m is the number of the first suction pipes, n is the number of the second suction pipes, and ξ is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient in the oral cavity.
Wherein, the acquisition of the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient comprises the following steps:
collecting diffuse reflection coefficients of all parts in the oral cavity through a sensor according to a sampling period;
determining input layer neuron vector of three-layer CRJ neural network, T ═ (ξ)1,ξ1,…,ξq,…,ξp)；
Wherein, ξqThe q-th diffuse reflection coefficient, and p is the number of the collected diffuse reflection coefficients;
mapping the input layer vector to a reserve pool, wherein k neurons of the reserve pool are provided;
obtaining an output layer neuron vector: o ═ O1)；
Wherein o is1Is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient.
The number of neurons in the reserve pool is 800, excitation functions of the input layer, the reserve pool and the output layer all adopt hyperbolic tangent functions, and the state equation is as follows:
x(k+1)＝tanh(Wmid·x(k)+Win·u(k))
Figure BDA0002394373770000141
in the formula, WinTo input the weight, WmidWeights for the output of the pool pair, including round robin weight and skip weight, WoutIs the output weight.
As a novel circulating Neural Network (RNN) and a deterministic Jump circulation State Network (CRJ), the Network has a great improvement in nonlinear system identification compared with the traditional Neural Network, and particularly has high processing capability in one-dimensional time sequence. The basic structure is shown in fig. 17, and is composed of an input layer, an output layer and a larger reserve pool. In the reserve pool, connected neuron nodes are connected by a unidirectional cycle edge and a bidirectional jump edge. All weights are not random at CRJ initialization, and the input weight, the cyclic weight, and the skip weight are represented by ri、rc、rjAnd (4) determining.
For a CRJ state network with M input nodes, N reserve pool neurons and D output nodes, a hyperbolic tangent function is used as an activation function, and a state equation is as follows:
x(k+1)＝tanh(Wmid·x(k)+Win·u(k))
Figure BDA0002394373770000151
in the formula, WinTo input the weight, from riDetermination of WmidWeights for the output of the pool pair, including round robin weight and skip weight, WoutIs the output weight, which is determined by the trained data. When r isiWhen determined, the weight W is inputinComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002394373770000152
wherein, | Wij|＝ri，WijThe sign of (a) may be generated randomly or empirically. While W in the equation of statemidRelatively complex, cyclic weight matrix WreThe initialization is as follows:
Figure BDA0002394373770000153
in the formula, W ij1 means that the ith neuron is connected to the jth neuron, and that W is a unidirectional connection ji0. When r iscWhen the determination is made, then:
Figure BDA0002394373770000161
if rjAfter the jump step L is determined, the jump connection is bidirectional, so that:
Figure BDA0002394373770000162
wherein i ═ is (1,2, …, K), and K ═ is (K)1,k2,…,kK+1) (1,1+ L, 1+ 2L, 1+ 3L, …,1+ K L), K ═ rounded down
Figure BDA0002394373770000163
W is to bereAfter the corresponding weight in the above formula is replaced, the new weight matrix is the weight matrix output by the reserve pool pair.
Initializing CRJ network, and inputting the current time sensor to collect all parts in oral cavityThe output of the diffuse reflection coefficient is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient, the neuron of the reserve pool is set to be 800, the sparsity is set to be 3.5 percent, the scale of the input unit is set to be 0.8, and the spectrum radius ri0.4, and rc＝0.7，rj0.6. And training the CRJ network by using multiple groups of sample data, and determining the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient by using the trained CRJ network.
The control method of the oral cavity mouth gag designed and developed by the invention can carry out data processing on the state coordinates of all positions of the first supporting plate, obtain the average value of the comprehensive state, determine the suction rate of the secretion and stably and effectively suck the secretion. The invention can also accurately control the rotating speed of the negative pressure pump, and realize the stable and effective absorption of the secretion near the first supporting plate.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An oral cavity opener, comprising:
the first connecting rod is L type and has a hollow structure;
the second connecting rod is L-shaped, and one end of the long edge of the second connecting rod is hinged with one end of the long edge of the first connecting rod;
the first handle is of a hollow structure and is integrally connected with one end of the long edge of the first connecting rod in a forming mode, and the hollow structure of the first handle is correspondingly communicated with the hollow structure of the first connecting rod;
the second handle is integrally connected with one end of the long edge of the second connecting rod;
the first supporting plate is of a hollow structure, the center of the top surface of the first supporting plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the short edge of the first connecting rod, and the bottom surface of the first supporting plate is an inwards concave cambered surface;
the center of the bottom surface of the second support plate is vertically and fixedly connected with one end of the short side of the second connecting rod, and the top surface of the second support plate is an outward convex cambered surface;
the first suction pipes are uniformly arranged on two sides in the radial direction in the first supporting plate, and one ends of the first suction pipes penetrate out of the first supporting plate;
the guide pipe is arranged in the first connecting rod, and one end of the guide pipe is communicated with the first suction pipe;
the liquid storage cavity is arranged in the first handle and is communicated with the other end of the flow guide pipe;
the negative pressure pump is fixedly arranged in the liquid storage cavity and is used for generating negative pressure;
and the supporting device is correspondingly arranged on the first handle and the second handle and is used for supporting and adjusting the distance between the first handle and the second handle.
2. The oral cavity opener of claim 1, further comprising:
the pair of side plates are arc-shaped, symmetrically arranged at two radial sides of the first supporting plate and integrally connected with the first supporting plate;
the second suction tubes are uniformly arranged on two sides in the radial direction in the first supporting plate, and one end of each second suction tube penetrates through the side plate;
a pair of first connection pipes provided in the first support plate and respectively communicated with the first suction pipes located at one side of the first support plate in a radial direction;
the pair of second connecting pipes are arranged in the first supporting plate and are respectively communicated with the second suction pipes positioned on one side of the first supporting plate in the radial direction;
the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the flow guide pipe.
3. The oral cavity opener of claim 1 or 2, wherein the support means comprises:
a slide plate fixedly disposed on a side of the second handle opposite the first handle;
the sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding plate close to the bottom surface of the second handle;
the sliding block is of a U-shaped structure, and the opening end of the sliding block can be arranged in the corresponding sliding groove in a sliding manner;
one end of the support rod is hinged with the sliding block, and the other end of the support rod is hinged with a triangular prism-shaped fixture block;
the clamping grooves are in a triangular prism shape, are arranged on the side surface of the first handle opposite to the second handle at equal intervals in parallel and are used for being matched with the triangular prism-shaped clamping blocks;
and the pair of stop blocks are fixedly arranged on two axial sides of the sliding plate.
4. The oral cavity opener of claim 2, further comprising:
the first grooves are circular, are uniformly arranged on the radial two sides of the bottom surface of the first supporting plate and correspond to the first suction pipes;
the second grooves are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the side plate and correspond to the second suction tubes;
one end of the first suction pipe, which penetrates through the first supporting plate, is flush with the bottom surface of the first groove, and one end of the second suction pipe, which penetrates through the side plate, is flush with the bottom surface of the second groove;
l ED light disposed at the hinge of the first link and the second link;
the cover plate is arc-shaped, is detachably arranged on the first handle and is used for discharging liquid in the liquid storage cavity.
5. The oral opener of claim 4, further comprising:
the diffuse reflection sensor is arranged at the hinged part of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod and used for detecting the diffuse reflection coefficient in the oral cavity;
a plurality of infrared sensors, one of which is correspondingly arranged at the first groove and the second groove, for detecting the depth of the secretion;
a plurality of viscosity sensors, one of which is correspondingly arranged at the first groove and the second groove, for detecting the viscosity of the secretion;
and the controller is connected with the diffuse reflection sensor, the infrared sensor, the viscosity sensor and the negative pressure pump, and is used for receiving the detection data of the diffuse reflection sensor, the infrared sensor and the viscosity sensor and controlling the negative pressure pump to work.
6. The oral opener of claim 1,2, 4 or 5, wherein the first support plate and the second support plate are silicone.
7. A control method of an oral cavity mouth gag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining the center position (x) of all the first grooves1i,y1i) And the position (x) of the center of the second groove2j,y2j) Acquiring state coordinates (h) corresponding to each position according to the sensor1i,η1i) And (h)2j,η2j)；
Wherein, the axial direction of the first supporting plate is taken as a first direction axis, the radial direction is taken as a second direction axis, x1iIs the position of the center of the ith first groove on the first direction axis, y1iThe position of the center of the ith first groove on the second direction axis, x2jThe position of the center of a circle of the jth second groove on the first direction shaft, y2jThe position of the center of a circle of the jth second groove on the second direction shaft, h1iThe depth of the secretion at the ith first groove, η1iIs the viscosity of the exudate at the ith first groove, h2jThe depth of the secretion at the jth second groove, η2jIs the viscosity of the exudate at the jth second groove;
step 2: respectively obtaining the state average values of a first groove and a second groove which are parallel to the axial direction of a first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row
Figure FDA0002394373760000031
And
Figure FDA0002394373760000032
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002394373760000033
is the average value of the secretion depth of first grooves in a first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000034
is the average value of the secretion depth of the first grooves of the second row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000035
is the average value of the secretion depth of the second grooves in the first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000036
is the average value of the secretion depth of second grooves of a second row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000037
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of first grooves in a first row which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000041
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a first groove of a second row which is parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and is positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000042
is the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a first row of second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000043
is parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plateAnd the average value of the viscosity of the secretion of a second row of second grooves in the same row;
and step 3: comparing the state coordinates of all first grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row with the state average value of the first grooves in the other row, and rejecting the state coordinates of the first grooves with the deviation rate exceeding 5%; comparing the state coordinates of all second grooves which are parallel to the axial direction of the first supporting plate and are positioned in the same row with the state average value of the second grooves in the other row, and rejecting the state coordinates of the second grooves with the deviation rate exceeding 5%;
wherein the depth deviation ratio
Figure FDA0002394373760000044
Rate of viscosity deviation
Figure FDA0002394373760000045
hiThe depth of the secretion of the ith groove of any column,
Figure FDA0002394373760000046
η average depth of secretion of another row of grooves corresponding to the grooveiThe viscosity of the exudate for the ith groove of any one row,
Figure FDA0002394373760000047
the average viscosity of the exudate of the other row of grooves corresponding to the groove;
and 4, step 4: determining state coordinates of the rest first grooves and the rest second grooves, and solving corresponding average values to obtain comprehensive state coordinates
Figure FDA0002394373760000048
According to the comprehensive state coordinates
Figure FDA0002394373760000049
And acquiring the secretion suction rate.
8. The oral cavity opener of claim 7The control method is characterized in that, in the step 4, the comprehensive state coordinates are used as the basis
Figure FDA00023943737600000410
Acquiring the secretion aspiration rate comprises the following steps:
the comprehensive average depth of the secretion
Figure FDA00023943737600000411
Integrated average viscosity
Figure FDA00023943737600000412
Inputting into a fuzzy controller, wherein the comprehensive average depth of secretion in the fuzzy controller
Figure FDA00023943737600000413
Integrated average viscosity
Figure FDA00023943737600000414
7 grades are divided;
the fuzzy controller outputs the suction velocity v of the secretionyThe output is divided into 7 grades;
the average depth of the exudate solution
Figure FDA00023943737600000415
Has a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]A quantization factor of 10; the combined average viscosity of the exudate
Figure FDA00023943737600000416
Has a fuzzy domain of [1,1.84 ]]The quantification factor is 3; suction rate v of output exudateyHas a fuzzy domain of [0,1 ]]The quantification factor is 5;
the fuzzy set of inputs and outputs is { NB, NM, NS, 0, PS, PM, PB }.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the controlling of the oral cavity opener is based on the secretionAbsorption rate vyControlling the rotating speed of the negative pressure pump to meet the following conditions:
Figure FDA0002394373760000051
wherein n isySpeed of the negative pressure pump, n0Is the basic speed, Δ P, of the negative pressure pump0For negative pressure pump with n rotation speed0Negative pressure generated in time,. pi.is circumferential ratio,. l1Is the axial length of the first suction tube, /)2Is the axial length of the second suction tube,/01Is the axial length of the first connecting pipe, /)02Is the axial length of the second connecting pipe l3Is the axial length of the draft tube, r2Is the inner diameter of the second suction tube, r1Is the inner diameter of the first suction pipe, r01Is the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe, r02Is the inner diameter of the second connecting pipe, r3The inner diameter of the flow guide pipe, r is the radius of fan blades of the negative pressure pump, m is the number of the first suction pipes, n is the number of the second suction pipes, and ξ is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient in the oral cavity.
10. The method of controlling an oral cavity opener of claim 9, wherein the obtaining of the integrated diffuse reflectance comprises:
collecting diffuse reflection coefficients of all parts in the oral cavity through a sensor according to a sampling period;
determining input layer neuron vector of three-layer CRJ neural network, T ═ (ξ)1,ξ1,…,ξq,…,ξp)；
Wherein, ξqThe q-th diffuse reflection coefficient, and p is the number of the collected diffuse reflection coefficients;
mapping the input layer vector to a reserve pool, wherein k neurons of the reserve pool are provided;
obtaining an output layer neuron vector: o ═ O1)；
Wherein o is1Is the comprehensive diffuse reflection coefficient.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2892004Y (en) * 2006-05-09 2007-04-25 王化国 Saliva suction tube
CN101972495A (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-02-16 惠州市华阳多媒体电子有限公司 Negative pressure wound treatment system capable of displaying relational graph between volume and viscosity of exudate
CN205251487U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-05-25 王鹏 Children shoot with supplementary drag hook
CN208031184U (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-11-02 代敏 A kind of oral extended support device
CN208876466U (en) * 2018-03-20 2019-05-21 胡学芹 A kind of oral care oral area device for spreading

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2892004Y (en) * 2006-05-09 2007-04-25 王化国 Saliva suction tube
CN101972495A (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-02-16 惠州市华阳多媒体电子有限公司 Negative pressure wound treatment system capable of displaying relational graph between volume and viscosity of exudate
CN205251487U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-05-25 王鹏 Children shoot with supplementary drag hook
CN208031184U (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-11-02 代敏 A kind of oral extended support device
CN208876466U (en) * 2018-03-20 2019-05-21 胡学芹 A kind of oral care oral area device for spreading

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