CN111432452B - Wireless access system of transformer substation - Google Patents

Wireless access system of transformer substation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111432452B
CN111432452B CN202010396566.6A CN202010396566A CN111432452B CN 111432452 B CN111432452 B CN 111432452B CN 202010396566 A CN202010396566 A CN 202010396566A CN 111432452 B CN111432452 B CN 111432452B
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terminal
encryption
switch
power transformation
substation
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CN111432452A (en
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郑东曦
尹健
张春
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Guangdong Weide Information Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Weide Information Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/02Access restriction performed under specific conditions
    • H04W48/04Access restriction performed under specific conditions based on user or terminal location or mobility data, e.g. moving direction, speed
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20Selecting an access point

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  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless access system of a transformer substation, which is accessed in a wired broadband mode by simple wiring at a place close to the transformer substation; a place with a longer distance can be accessed by adopting a wireless WIFI remote relay transmission mode; for the conditions that the distance is long and the transmission distance of the wiring and the antenna is limited, the network access of mobile communication can be adopted; therefore, the wireless coverage of the power transformation terminal is realized by integrating various network access modes, sufficient network bandwidth can be provided for the power transformation terminal, the development of future network access modes and application can be adapted, good compatibility and redundancy are provided for data transmission of the whole system, the comprehensive cost of the network is saved, industrial-grade wireless network equipment can stably run in a long-term unattended state, and the convenient and free wireless network can enable users to manage the equipment more freely and freely.

Description

Wireless access system of transformer substation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power data transmission, in particular to a wireless access system of a transformer substation.
Background
The wireless network has the advantages of easy deployment, low cost, flexibility and convenience in use and the like, and plays an important role in many application fields. At present, wireless networks are closely related to human life, greatly improve the quality of human life, and become an indispensable key technology for human exploration of outer space. Wireless networks face more serious security threats than wired networks. All security threats and hidden dangers existing in the conventional wired network still exist in the wireless network; external personnel can bypass the firewall through a wireless network; unauthorized access to the private network; information transmitted by a wireless network is easy to steal, tamper and insert; wireless networks are susceptible to denial of service attacks and interference; the internal employee may set up the wireless network card to connect directly with the external employee in an end-to-end mode. Furthermore; the security technology of the wireless network is relatively new; security products are also less. Take a wireless local area network as an example; each entity, such as a mobile node, AP, etc., may be an attack object or attacker. Due to the particularities of wireless networks in mobile devices and transmission media; making some attacks easier to implement; the research on the wireless network security technology has more limitation and difficulty than that of a wired network.
The power transformation terminal is used for transmitting the operation data of the transformer substation to the power data center; in a transformer substation area, a plurality of transformer terminals are required to transmit data, but because the distances between each transformer terminal and a transformer substation are different, in the prior art, all the transformer terminals adopt a uniform transmission mode, so that when the transformer terminals with different distances perform data transmission, communication transmission is affected due to network factors, data transmission is unstable, and even data packet loss and other situations occur, and the influence which cannot be estimated is caused on power data analysis work.
Therefore, a brand new wireless access strategy for a substation is urgently needed in the market, so that the substation terminals with different distances can stably and effectively transmit data, and the security of data transmission can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wireless access system of a transformer substation, which can enable transformer terminals with different distances to stably and effectively transmit data and can improve the safety of data transmission.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless access system for a substation, including: all the transformation terminals in the transformer station area; the power transformation terminals are divided into power transformation terminals in a first area, power transformation terminals in a second area and power transformation terminals in a third area according to the distance between the power transformation terminals and a transformer substation; the distance between the power transformation terminal of the second area and the transformer substation is greater than the distance between the power transformation terminal of the first area and the transformer substation; the distance between the transformation terminal of the third area and the transformer substation is greater than the distance between the transformation terminal of the second area and the transformer substation;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: the system comprises a first encryption terminal, a first switch, first routing equipment and a second switch, wherein the first encryption terminal, the first switch, the first routing equipment and the second switch support an Ethernet communication protocol; each first encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one first area; the first encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the first encryption terminal; the first encryption terminal is connected with the first switch through a wired broadband; the first switch is connected with the first routing equipment through a wired broadband; the first routing equipment is connected with the second switch through a wired broadband; the second switch is connected with the power grid data center through an Ethernet intranet; the power grid data center is provided with a safety encryption master station for decrypting encrypted data;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: the second encryption terminal and the WIFI base station support a WIFI communication protocol; each second encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one second area; the second encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the second encryption terminal; the second encryption terminal is in communication connection with the WIFI base station through WIFI; the WIFI base station is in communication connection with the first switch;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: a third encryption terminal and a second routing device which support the mobile communication protocol; each third encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one third area; the third encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the third encryption terminal; the third encryption terminal is in communication connection with the second routing equipment through a mobile communication network; the second routing equipment is connected with the second switch through a mobile communication network;
the power grid data center is further provided with: the third routing equipment, the CA system, the third switch and the data server; the third routing device is connected with the second switch through an Ethernet intranet; the safety encryption master station is in communication connection with the third routing device; and the third switch is respectively in communication connection with the CA system, the data server and the safe encryption master station.
Preferably, the first encryption terminal, the second encryption terminal and the third encryption terminal all support national cryptology administration SM1, SM2, SM3 and SM4 algorithms.
As a preferred scheme, the WIFI base station is provided with a directional antenna.
As a preferred scheme, the number of directional antennas arranged in each WIFI base station is two.
Preferably, the mobile communication network is a 2G or 3G network.
Preferably, the WIFI base station is a cellular WIFI base station.
Preferably, the first switch is disposed at a substation terminal located farthest from the substation in the first area.
Preferably, the wired broadband is ADSL communication or fiber communication.
As a preferred scheme, each WIFI basic station is provided with a lightning rod.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme of the invention is that the access is realized by adopting a wired broadband mode at a place close to a transformer substation through simple wiring; a place with a longer distance can be accessed by adopting a wireless WIFI remote relay transmission mode; for the conditions that the distance is long and the transmission distance of the wiring and the antenna is limited, the network access of mobile communication can be adopted; therefore, the wireless coverage of the power transformation terminal is realized by integrating various network access modes, sufficient network bandwidth can be provided for the power transformation terminal, the development of future network access modes and application can be adapted, good compatibility and redundancy are provided for data transmission of the whole system, the comprehensive cost of the network is saved, industrial-grade wireless network equipment can stably run in a long-term unattended state, and the convenient and free wireless network can enable users to manage the equipment more freely and freely.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention discloses a structure schematic diagram of a transformer substation wireless access system in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a substation wireless access system, including: all the transformation terminals in the transformer station area; the power transformation terminals are divided into power transformation terminals in a first area, power transformation terminals in a second area and power transformation terminals in a third area according to the distance between the power transformation terminals and a transformer substation; the distance between the power transformation terminal of the second area and the transformer substation is greater than the distance between the power transformation terminal of the first area and the transformer substation; the distance between the transformation terminal of the third area and the transformer substation is greater than the distance between the transformation terminal of the second area and the transformer substation;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: the system comprises a first encryption terminal, a first switch, first routing equipment and a second switch, wherein the first encryption terminal, the first switch, the first routing equipment and the second switch support an Ethernet communication protocol; each first encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one first area; the first encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the first encryption terminal; the first encryption terminal is connected with the first switch through a wired broadband; the first switch is connected with the first routing equipment through a wired broadband; the first routing equipment is connected with the second switch through a wired broadband; the second switch is connected with the power grid data center through an Ethernet intranet; the power grid data center is provided with a safety encryption master station for decrypting encrypted data; wherein, in a preferred embodiment, the first switch is arranged at a substation terminal located farthest from a substation within the first area. In a preferred embodiment, the wired broadband is ADSL communication or fiber-optic communication.
The wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: the second encryption terminal and the WIFI base station support a WIFI communication protocol; each second encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one second area; the second encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the second encryption terminal; the second encryption terminal is in communication connection with the WIFI base station through WIFI; the WIFI base station is in communication connection with the first switch; in a preferred embodiment, the WIFI base station is provided with a directional antenna. In a preferred embodiment, the number of directional antennas provided in each WIFI base station is two. In a preferred embodiment, the WIFI base station is a cellular WIFI base station.
The wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: a third encryption terminal and a second routing device which support the mobile communication protocol; each third encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one third area; the third encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the third encryption terminal; the third encryption terminal is in communication connection with the second routing equipment through a mobile communication network; the second routing device is connected with the second switch through a mobile communication network. In a preferred embodiment, the mobile communication network is a 2G or 3G network.
Specifically, through detailed analysis and full consideration, the technical scheme adopts a scheme of combining multiple devices to realize wireless network coverage of the power transformation circuit; the following is a description of the relevant parameters of each device:
the cellular WIFI base station supports 2.4GHz and 5GHz selectable frequency bands, supports 802.11b/g/n protocol and multi-SSID, supports VPN transparent transmission, supports 802.1p Qos, is based on a management and configuration boundary of Web, is provided with an 10/100Mbps self-adaptive port, and is supplied with alternating current: 110-.
The directional antenna is a directional dual-polarized antenna, the working frequency is 820-880MHz, the antenna gain is 19-21 dBi, the polarization mode is +/-45-degree cross polarization, the horizontal plane lobe width is 28-32 degrees, the vertical plane lobe width is 5-9 degrees, the front-to-back ratio is 30dB, the first upper side lobe suppression ratio is-15 dB, the cross polarization ratio is 15dB, the downward inclination precision is-1 to +1 degrees, the standing-wave ratio is less than or equal to 1.4, the isolation ratio is 30dB, the third-order intermodulation is less than or equal to-107 dBm, the power capacity is 500W, and the effective transmission distance is 2 km.
The third encryption terminal is provided with a whole network communication module which supports GSM/CDMA/WCDMA/TD-SCDMA/EVDO/FDD-LTE/TDD-LTE network modes, adopts an industrialized operation platform, can provide services such as high-speed wireless data, internet access and the like for users, and has the functions of voice, grouped data, short message, multimedia message and the like; the method can be conveniently applied to equipment and terminals such as embedded equipment, vehicle-mounted equipment, mobile multimedia terminals, modems and the like.
The second encryption terminal is provided with a gain antenna, and an Ethernet wireless network card communication module and a security encryption module are arranged in the second encryption terminal; the wireless WiFi network card supports 2.4G and 5G double frequencies, supports 802.11n, has working channels of 1-13, has a transmission rate of 300Mbps and can be extended by 1 meter; the security encryption module adopts a national security SM series high security algorithm, and the encryption and decryption performance is efficient and stable; the second encryption terminal can support direct power supply of 220V voltage and R485/232 serial port communication.
The safety encryption master station is arranged at a gateway of a municipal/provincial data center, is mainly interconnected with an encryption terminal network, decrypts encrypted data transmitted by each terminal and transmits the decrypted data to a data center background for each service system, and meanwhile, the safety encryption master station provides functions of network isolation, identity authentication, firewall, routing and the like.
Specifically, the wired broadband mainly refers to two modes of ADSL and optical fiber communication, wherein ADSL is called asymmetric digital subscriber line, and is a data transmission mode widely used at present. The ADSL technology uses frequency division multiplexing technology to divide a common telephone line into three relatively independent channels, namely telephone, uplink and downlink, thereby avoiding mutual interference. The user can make a call and surf the internet at the same time, and the situation that the internet surfing speed and the conversation quality are reduced is not needed to be worried about. Theoretically, ADSL can provide up to 1Mbps upstream and up to 8Mbps downstream (i.e., what we generally say bandwidth) over a pair of copper twisted pairs, in the range of 5km, with simultaneous voice and data service. In general, the ADSL rate depends entirely on the distance of the line, the longer the line, the lower the rate. The ADSL technology can make full use of the existing PSTN (Public switched telephone Network), and can provide high broadband service for users only by adding ADSL equipment at both ends of the line, without rewiring, thereby greatly reducing the service cost. At the same time, ADSL users can share bandwidth exclusively, and the line is special, so that the influence of the increase of users is avoided.
Wi-Fi is a technology that can wirelessly connect terminals such as personal computers, hand-held devices (e.g., pads, cellular phones), etc., to each other, and is actually a high frequency radio signal. The wireless network is a commercial certification in nature in the category of wireless local area networks, and is also a wireless networking technology, wherein a computer is connected through a network cable in the past, and wireless fidelity is connected through radio waves; a wireless router is commonly known, and the effective range of the radio wave coverage of the wireless router can be networked by adopting a wireless fidelity connection mode, and if the wireless router is connected with an ADSL line or another internet access line, the wireless router is also called a hotspot.
The basic configuration of a wireless network is a wireless network card and an AP, so that network resources can be shared in a wireless mode in cooperation with an existing wired architecture, and the erection cost and complexity are far lower than those of a traditional wired network. If the network is a peer-to-peer network of only a few computers, the AP is not needed, and only each computer needs to be provided with a wireless network card. An AP is referred to as Access Point, and is generally translated into a "wireless Access Point," or "bridge. It mainly acts as a bridge between wireless workstations and wired LAN in MAC. With the AP, the wireless station can be connected to the network quickly and easily, just like the Hub of a general wired network. Especially for broadband use, wireless fidelity is more advantageous, and a wired broadband network (ADSL, cell LAN, etc.) is connected to an AP after arriving at home, and then a wireless network card is installed in a computer. An AP of a common family is enough, and even after the neighborhood of a user is authorized, the network can be accessed in a sharing mode without increasing ports.
Cellular Mobile Communication (Cellular Mobile Communication) is a Cellular wireless networking mode, and terminals and network equipment are connected through wireless channels, so that users can communicate with each other during activities. The main characteristic is the mobility of the terminal, and the terminal has the functions of handover and automatic roaming across local networks. The cellular mobile communication service refers to services such as voice, data, video images and the like provided by a cellular mobile communication network formed by equipment such as a base station subsystem, a mobile switching subsystem and the like. As is well known, 2G is a second generation cellular mobile communication system, which operates in the 900/1800MHz band for GSM mobile communications and in the 800MHz band for CDMA mobile communications. The third generation mobile communication system, which we often say 3G, is mainly characterized by providing mobile broadband multimedia services, in which 144kb/s rate is supported in a high-speed mobile environment, 384kb/s rate is supported in a walking and slow-speed mobile environment, 2Mb/s rate data transmission is supported in an indoor environment, and high reliable quality of service (QoS) is guaranteed. The fourth generation mobile communication technology (4G) comprises two systems, namely TD-LTE and FDD-LTE, and the 4G integrates 3G and WLAN, and can quickly transmit data, high quality, audio, video, images and the like. 4G can be downloaded at a speed of 100Mbps or more, 25 times faster than current home broadband ADSL (4M), and can meet the requirements of almost all users for wireless services. Clearly, 4G has incomparable advantages.
In this embodiment, the power grid data center is further provided with: the third routing equipment, the CA system, the third switch and the data server; the third routing device is connected with the second switch through an Ethernet intranet; the safety encryption master station is in communication connection with the third routing device; and the third switch is respectively in communication connection with the CA system, the data server and the safe encryption master station.
In a preferred embodiment, the first, second and third cryptographic terminals each support the national crypto authority SM1, SM2, SM3, SM4 algorithms.
In another embodiment, each WIFI base station is further provided with a lightning rod.
Specifically, at each base station installation point, if a lightning protection network is not arranged on the roof, a lightning rod needs to be additionally arranged above the base station to prevent the base station from being damaged by lightning.
The power lightning protection system mainly prevents lightning waves from causing damage to equipment through a power circuit. In order to avoid that the residual voltage of high voltage discharged to the ground through the lightning arrester is too large or follow-up equipment is continuously destroyed after the lightning arrester is destroyed due to larger lightning current and prevent the cable from suffering secondary induction, the principles of graded protection and gradual current discharge are adopted. The primary power arrester with large discharge current is installed at the main power inlet of a building for supplying power to equipment, and the secondary or final power arrester is additionally installed at the inlet of an important floor or an important equipment power supply. For the present system, primary and secondary lightning protection of the power supply should have been considered at the building mains at the installation site. The design is provided with a special outdoor surge suppressor on line in a 802.11a/b/g base station feed network.
Because the lightning wave can induce higher instantaneous impact energy on the line, the phenomenon that the electronic equipment is damaged by overvoltage under the impact of the lightning wave is more and more, and the consequence is that the operation of the whole system can be interrupted, therefore, a necessary lightning protection device must be additionally arranged at a network communication port to ensure the safe operation of the network communication system.
In summary, through detailed analysis, the transformer substation wireless access system provided by the invention has the following characteristics:
1, convenience: the system can be erected by selecting proper positions such as a ground pole frame or a roof of a low-rise building, and the directional antenna is adopted due to the fixed position of the power transformation equipment, so that the transmission distance is increased, and signals are transmitted in a radio wave mode.
2, stability: the method has the advantages of stability of the telecommunication level, guarantee of good network communication quality and guarantee of long-term stable operation of a wireless network system.
3, safety: the special electric power safety protection equipment is adopted to support national cipher administration SM1, SM2, SM3 and SM4 algorithms, an identity authentication function is provided, illegal access is prevented, the safety of network communication is guaranteed, and the user legality is guaranteed.
4, high quality: the high-quality wireless product is adopted, the quality of remote transmission is guaranteed, the anti-jamming capability is high, and the communication quality of the equipment is guaranteed.
5, maintainability: any node on the network can perform remote management maintenance, configuration and software upgrade.
6, economy: the wireless network system can obtain the most satisfactory network access effect for users through the Wi-Fi cellular base stations as few as possible, and has higher economy.
The above-mentioned embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which come within the spirit and principle of the invention, may occur to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A wireless access system of a transformer substation is characterized by comprising: all the transformation terminals in the transformer station area; the power transformation terminals are divided into power transformation terminals in a first area, power transformation terminals in a second area and power transformation terminals in a third area according to the distance between the power transformation terminals and a transformer substation; the distance between the power transformation terminal of the second area and the transformer substation is greater than the distance between the power transformation terminal of the first area and the transformer substation; the distance between the transformation terminal of the third area and the transformer substation is greater than the distance between the transformation terminal of the second area and the transformer substation;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: the system comprises a first encryption terminal, a first switch, first routing equipment and a second switch, wherein the first encryption terminal, the first switch, the first routing equipment and the second switch support an Ethernet communication protocol; each first encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one first area; the first encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the first encryption terminal; the first encryption terminal is connected with the first switch through a wired broadband; the first switch is connected with the first routing equipment through a wired broadband; the first routing equipment is connected with the second switch through a wired broadband; the second switch is connected with the power grid data center through an Ethernet intranet; the power grid data center is provided with a safety encryption master station for decrypting encrypted data;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: the second encryption terminal and the WIFI base station support a WIFI communication protocol; each second encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one second area; the second encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the second encryption terminal; the second encryption terminal is in communication connection with the WIFI base station through WIFI; the WIFI base station is in communication connection with the first switch;
the wireless access system of the transformer substation further comprises: a third encryption terminal and a second routing device which support the mobile communication protocol; each third encryption terminal is in communication connection with a corresponding power transformation terminal of one third area; the third encryption terminal is used for encrypting data output by the power transformation terminal corresponding to the third encryption terminal; the third encryption terminal is in communication connection with the second routing equipment through a mobile communication network; the second routing equipment is connected with the second switch through a mobile communication network;
the power grid data center is further provided with: the third routing equipment, the CA system, the third switch and the data server;
the third routing device is connected with the second switch through an Ethernet intranet; the safety encryption master station is in communication connection with the third routing device; the third switch is respectively in communication connection with the CA system, the data server and the safety encryption master station;
the safety encryption master station decrypts the encrypted data transmitted by each terminal and transmits the decrypted data to the data center background for each service system to use, and meanwhile, the functions of network isolation, identity authentication, firewall and routing are provided.
2. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein the first, second and third cryptographic terminals each support the national cipher authority SM1, SM2, SM3, SM4 algorithms.
3. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein the WIFI base station is provided with a directional antenna.
4. The substation wireless access system of claim 3, wherein the number of directional antennas provided in each WIFI base station is two.
5. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein the mobile communication network is a 2G or 3G network.
6. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein the WIFI base station is a cellular WIFI base station.
7. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein the first switch is disposed at a substation terminal located furthest from a substation within the first area.
8. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein the wired broadband is ADSL communication or fiber-optic communication.
9. The substation wireless access system of claim 1, wherein each WIFI base station is further provided with a lightning rod.
CN202010396566.6A 2020-05-12 2020-05-12 Wireless access system of transformer substation Active CN111432452B (en)

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CN201725430U (en) * 2009-12-31 2011-01-26 上海遥薇(集团)有限公司 Integrated information processing device in traffic transportation
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