CN111431635B - Broadband signal self-calibration method and device - Google Patents
Broadband signal self-calibration method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for self-calibration of a broadband signal, belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a method for self-calibration of a broadband signal, which comprises the following steps: acquiring all antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated; respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel; and correcting the receiving channels of the antennas according to the total impulse response of the receiving channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting the transmitting channels of the antennas according to the total impulse response of the transmitting channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient. According to the technical scheme, channel parameters are extracted by using the symmetry of space transmission, the wide signal is self-calibrated, a calibration channel is not required to be added, the operation is simple, the implementation is easy, the system idle time slot is used for real-time calibration, the effective utilization rate of the system is improved, and the resource waste is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a method and a device for self-calibration of a broadband signal.
Background
With the development of scientific technology and the advancement of communication technology, broadband, which is a bandwidth required for describing signals or electronic circuits containing or capable of processing a wide frequency range simultaneously in basic electronic and electronic communication and satisfying the perception of human perception of various media transmitted on a network, has been developed as a technical means closely related to human work and life. In the prior art, since the characteristics of various components, especially active components, used in a system forming a smart antenna are very sensitive to the operating frequency and the ambient temperature, and the characteristics of each link are different due to the above reasons, calibration of the smart antenna array should be periodically performed while the wireless base station is operating. A calibration channel is needed to be added for the calibration of the intelligent antenna, the calibration operation is carried out depending on the calibration channel, the operability is poor, and the implementation is not easy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for self-calibration of a wideband signal.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for self-calibration of a wideband signal, comprising:
acquiring all antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated;
respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
and correcting each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient.
Further, the acquiring all the antennas to be calibrated, and transmitting signals to half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals by other antennas to be calibrated includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the total number of antennas to be calibrated, taking half of the antennas to be calibrated as signal transmitting ends one by one, taking other antennas to be calibrated except the signal transmitting ends as signal receiving ends, and establishing a group of transmitting channels for the signal receiving ends corresponding to one signal transmitting end and the signal transmitting end.
Further, the correcting the antenna receiving channels according to the total impulse response of the receiving channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting the antenna transmitting channels according to the total impulse response of the transmitting channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient includes:
calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna receiving channel;
and calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel.
Further, the total impulse response is an operation result obtained by performing convolution operation according to the impulse response of the antenna transmitting channel, the impulse response of the spatial transmission and the impulse response of the receiving channel.
Further, the antenna transmission signal comprises a single-carrier broadband signal.
Further, the method comprises: a basic calibration sequence with good white noise resistance is selected from an antenna transmission signal, and the calibration sequence is formed by the basic calibration sequence through periodic cyclic shift.
Further, the one-by-one transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated includes: and under the condition that the number of the antennas to be calibrated is an odd number, adding 1 to the number of the antennas to be calibrated, taking half of the number of the antennas to be calibrated, and transmitting signals of the half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for self-calibration of a wideband signal, comprising:
the building module is used for acquiring all the antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated;
the impulse response calculation module is used for respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
and the correcting module is used for correcting the receiving channels of the antennas according to the total impulse response of the receiving channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficients and correcting the transmitting channels of the antennas according to the total impulse response of the transmitting channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficients.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer apparatus comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor when executing the program implementing: acquiring all antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated;
respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
and correcting each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a program which, when executed, is capable of implementing the method as described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the technical scheme of the invention is that half of the antennas to be calibrated are used as signal transmitting ends one by one, the rest antennas to be calibrated are used as signal receiving ends, a transmitting channel is established, the received signals and the transmitted signals are iterated respectively by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel, and then the transmitting channels and the receiving channels are corrected according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel, the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and a pre-calibrated compensation coefficient. The effective utilization rate of the system is improved, and resource waste is avoided.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of which,
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for self-calibration of a broadband signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the multi-antenna self-calibration and communication provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmitted by the antenna 1 provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmitted by the antenna 2 provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a constellation diagram of a hardware channel prior to calibration provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a hardware channel constellation diagram after calibration as provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the convergence of an error curve during the system update process according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wideband signal self-calibration apparatus provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a self-calibration method of a broadband signal, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
step 201: acquiring all antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas;
in the embodiment of the present invention, when the plurality of antennas to be calibrated perform wideband signal calibration, half of the antennas to be calibrated may be used as signal transmitting terminals one by one, where, when the number of the antennas to be calibrated is an odd number, the number of the antennas to be calibrated is increased by 1 and then halved. And establishing a group of transmitting channels for a signal transmitting end and a corresponding signal receiving end, wherein each group of transmitting channels comprises a plurality of transmitting channels. Further, the number of the transmitting channels in each group is the same as the result of subtracting one from the total number of the antennas to be calibrated, that is, the number of the transmitting channels is the same as the number of the signal receiving ends.
The method of the invention utilizes the signal transmitted by the antenna to carry out calibration, and the correction signal is a single broadband signal. A basic calibration sequence with good white noise resistance is selected from an antenna transmission signal, and the calibration sequence is formed by the basic calibration sequence through periodic cyclic shift.
Step 202: respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
in the embodiment of the invention, an adaptive mean square (LMS) algorithm is adopted to iterate the received signals, and the obtained calculation result is the total impulse response of the signals after the signals reach a receiving antenna and a receiving channel.
For example, the calibration process is described by taking the self-calibration of a 4-antenna broadband signal as an example, the method performs calibration by using a signal transmitted by the method, and the calibration signal is a single-carrier broadband signal. At some point, one antenna transmits and the other three receive.
Firstly, the antenna 1 transmits, other antennas receive, then the antenna 2 transmits and other antennas receive, the method utilizes the signal transmitted by the method to carry out calibration, and the correction signal is a broadband signal. For a broadband modulation system, due to unevenness and group delay fluctuation in a channel band, the amplitude-phase error of each channel cannot be represented by only one coefficient, but is represented by an impulse response filter with a certain length, and the length of the filter coefficient depends on the size of the group delay fluctuation of the channel.
The calibration method is that one antenna transmits and the other three antennas receive at a certain moment.
The impulse response of the transmission channel of the antenna i is hs i The impulse response of the receiving channel is hr i The impulse response of the spatial transmission can still be flat and wide band and still be C D And C L There is only one coefficient. After the signal transmitted by the antenna 1 reaches the antenna 2 and the receiving channel thereof, the total impact responseIs composed of
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
In the formula, the operation is convolution operation. Similarly, others include:
h 14 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 4
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 23 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 3
h 24 ＝hs 2 *C L *hr 4
further, h ij Can be obtained by the received signal, and adopts the self-adaptive filtering algorithm to iterate the received signal to obtain h ij The adaptive filtering algorithm adopts an LMS algorithm, which is an iterative algorithm as follows:
e(n)＝X(n) T h ij (n)-y(n)
h ij (n+1)＝h ij (n)-2ue(n)X(n)*
wherein:
X(n)＝[x(n),x(n-1),...,x(n-L+1)] T
h ij (n)＝[h ij0 (n),h ij1 (n),...,h ijL-1 (n)] T
wherein, L is the order of the shock response; y (n) is a desired output value, i.e., a received signal; e (n) is an error; u is a step size factor; x (n) represents a modulation signal vector at time n; h is a total of ij (n) represents the coefficient of the impulse response at time n. The convergence condition of the LMS algorithm is as follows: u is more than 0 and less than 1/lambda max ，λ max Is the maximum eigenvalue of the autocorrelation matrix of the input signal.
Correspondingly, an adaptive filtering algorithm is adopted to iterate the transmitted signals to obtain the total impulse response of each transmitting channel, the specific method is the same as the above steps, and is not described here any more, and the obtained total impulse response of each transmitting channel is:
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 41 ＝hs 4 *C D *hr 1
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
h 32 ＝hs 3 *C D *hr 2
h 42 ＝hs 4 *C L *hr 2
obtaining:
hs′ 3 ＝h′ 32 *h 12 *hs′ 1
hs′ 4 ＝h′ 42 *h 32 *hs′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hs′ 2 ＝h 41 *h′ 21 *hs′ 4
step 203: and calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel, correcting each antenna receiving channel, calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel.
In the embodiment of the invention, the amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel is calculated according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and each antenna receiving channel is corrected;
and calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel.
H 'is required to be obtained in the embodiment of the invention' ij The method only needs to exchange x (n) with y (n) and then iterate the algorithm.
Obtaining:
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 13 *h 12 *hr′ 2
hr′ 3 ＝h′ 23 *h 21 *hr′ 1
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 24 *h 23 *hr′ 3 *(C L /C D )
in the formula: h' isAnd h is deconvoluted, and h' h ═ 1. C D /C L Can be calculated by the following method:
after the signal transmitted by the antenna 1 reaches the antenna 2 and the receiving channel thereof, except for multiplying the amplitude-phase error S of the transmitting channel of the antenna 1 1 And the amplitude-phase error R of the receiving channel of the antenna 2 2 Besides, there is the amplitude-phase error C of the space channel D The total amplitude-phase error is
C 12 ＝S 1 C D R 2
In the same way, the antenna 4 receives the total amplitude-phase error of
C 14 ＝S 1 C D R 4
The antenna 3 receives a total amplitude-phase error of
C 13 ＝S 1 C L R 3
The total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 4 divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 2 has
C 14 /C 12 ＝R 4 /R 2
The total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 4 divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 3 has
C 14 /C 13 ＝(R 4 /R 3 )*(C D /C L )
The total amplitude-phase error of each antenna can be obtained from the received signal.
Then the antenna 2 transmits, other antennas receive, and after the signal transmitted by the antenna 2 reaches the antenna 1 and the receiving channel thereof, except multiplying the amplitude-phase error S of the transmitting channel of the antenna 2 2 And the amplitude-phase error R of the receiving channel of the antenna 1 1 Besides, there is the amplitude-phase error C of the space channel D The total amplitude-phase error is
C 21 ＝S 2 C D R 1
The antenna 3 receives the total amplitude-phase error of
C 23 ＝S 2 C D R 3
The antenna 4 receives a total amplitude-phase error of
C 24 ＝S 2 C L R 4
The total amplitude-phase error received by the antenna 3 is divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by the antenna 1, having
C 23 /C 21 ＝R 3 /R 1
The total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 4 divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 3 has
C 24 /C 23 ＝(R 4 /R 3 )*(C L /C D )
Before combination, the formula is
(C 14 /C 13 )/(C 24 /C 23 )＝(C D /C L ) 2
(C 14 /C 13 )*(C 24 /C 23 )＝(R 4 /R 3 ) 2
Therefore, there are:
after finishing, the following can be obtained:
hr′ 3 ＝h′ 23 *h 21 *hr′ 1
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 24 *h 23 *hr′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hr′ 2 ＝h 14 *h′ 12 *hr′ 4
based on antenna 1 reception, i.e. assuming hr 1 The amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel can be obtained as 1, so that each antenna receiving channel can be corrected.
Based on antenna 1 transmission, i.e. assuming hs 1 The amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmission channel can be obtained as 1, so that the correction is carried out on each antenna transmission channel.
The method adopted by the invention carries out calibration by utilizing the signal transmitted by the self-calibration device, and the calibration signal is a broadband signal. For a broadband modulation system, due to unevenness and group delay fluctuation in a channel band, amplitude and phase errors of each channel are represented by adopting an impulse response filter with a certain length, the length of a filter coefficient depends on the size of the group delay fluctuation of the channel, and the method is far more accurate than the method for calibrating the amplitude and phase errors of each channel by only using one coefficient.
In summary, the technical solution of the present invention establishes the transmitting channels by using half of the antennas to be calibrated as the signal transmitting ends one by one, using the remaining antennas to be calibrated as the signal receiving ends, iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals respectively by using the adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel, and correcting each transmitting channel and each receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, the technical solution uses the symmetry of spatial transmission to extract the channel parameters, performs self-calibration of the wide signals, does not need to add a calibration channel, is simple to operate and easy to execute, since the actual mobile communication system cannot be operated at full load at any time, always has idle time slots, and these idle time slots can be used for real-time calibration, the effective utilization rate of the system is improved, and resource waste is avoided.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the calibration process is described by taking the self-calibration of 4-antenna broadband signal as an example, as shown in fig. 2,
the method utilizes the signal transmitted by the method to carry out calibration, and the correction signal is a single-carrier broadband signal. At some point, one antenna transmits and the other three receive.
First the antenna 1 transmits and the other antennas receive, as shown in fig. 3. Again with antenna 2 transmitting and the other antenna receiving as shown in figure 4.
The method utilizes the signal transmitted by the method to carry out calibration, and the correction signal is a broadband signal. For a broadband modulation system, due to unevenness and group delay fluctuation in a channel band, the amplitude-phase error of each channel cannot be represented by only one coefficient, but is represented by an impulse response filter with a certain length, and the length of the filter coefficient depends on the size of the group delay fluctuation of the channel.
The calibration method is that at a certain moment, one antenna transmits and the other three antennas receive.
The impulse response of the transmission channel of the antenna i is hs i The impulse response of the receiving channel is hr i The impulse response of the spatial transmission can still be flat and wide band and still be C D And C L There is only one coefficient. After the signal transmitted by the antenna 1 reaches the antenna 2 and the receiving channel thereof, the total impact response is
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
In the formula, the operation is convolution operation. Similarly, others are:
h 14 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 4
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 23 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 3
h 24 ＝hs 2 *C L *hr 4
h ij can be obtained by sending and receiving signals, and adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to iterate the received signals to obtain h ij The adaptive filtering algorithm adopts an LMS algorithm, which is an iterative algorithm and is described as follows:
e(n)＝X(n) T h ij (n)-y(n)
h ij (n+1)＝h ij (n)-2ue(n)X(n)*
wherein:
X(n)＝[x(n),x(n-1),...,x(n-L+1)] T
h ij (n)＝[h ij0 (n),h ij1 (n),...,h ijL-1 (n)] T
l is the order of the shock response; y (n) is the desired output value, i.e., the received signal; e (n) is an error; u is a step size factor; x (n) represents a modulation signal vector at time n; h is ij (n) represents the coefficient of the impulse response at time n. The convergence condition of the LMS algorithm is as follows: u is more than 0 and less than 1/lambda max ，λ max Is input intoThe maximum eigenvalue of the signal autocorrelation matrix.
H 'is to be obtained' ij The method only needs to exchange x (n) with y (n) and then iterate the algorithm.
Therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 13 *h 12 *hr′ 2
hr′ 3 ＝h′ 23 *h 21 *hr′ 1
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 24 *h 23 *hr′ 3 *(C L /C D )
in the formula: h 'is the deconvolution of h, with h' ═ 1. C D /C L The calculation method is the same as that in step 203, and is not described here again:
after finishing, the following can be obtained:
hr′ 3 ＝h′ 23 *h 21 *hr′ 1
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 24 *h 23 *hr′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hr′ 2 ＝h 14 *h′ 12 *hr′ 4
based on antenna 1 reception, i.e. assuming hr 1 The amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel can be obtained as 1, so that each antenna receiving channel can be corrected.
And the impulse response of each antenna transmitting channel can be obtained in the same way.
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 41 ＝hs 4 *C D *hr 1
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
h 32 ＝hs 3 *C D *hr 2
h 42 ＝hs 4 *C L *hr 2
Therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
hs′ 3 ＝h′ 32 *h 12 *hs′ 1
hs′ 4 ＝h′ 42 *h 23 *hs′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hs′ 2 ＝h 41 *h′ 21 *hs′ 4
based on the antenna 1 transmission, i.e. assume hs 1 The amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmission channel can be obtained as 1, so that the correction is carried out on each antenna transmission channel.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for self-calibration of a wideband signal, comprising:
the building module 401 is configured to obtain all antennas to be calibrated, transmit signals to half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receive signals from other antennas to be calibrated;
in this embodiment of the present invention, the building module 401 is configured to, in a case that the plurality of antennas perform wideband signal calibration, gradually use half of the antennas as signal transmitting terminals, where, in a case that the number of the antennas is an odd number, the number of the antennas is increased by 1 and then halved. And establishing a group of transmitting channels for a signal transmitting end and a corresponding signal receiving end by taking other antennas except the signal transmitting end as the signal receiving end, wherein each group of transmitting channels comprises a plurality of transmitting channels. Further, the number of the transmitting channels in each group is the same as the result of subtracting one from the total number of the antennas, that is, the number of the transmitting channels is the same as the number of the signal receiving ends.
The method of the invention utilizes the signal transmitted by the antenna to carry out calibration, and the correction signal is a single broadband signal.
An impulse response calculation module 402, configured to use a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to iterate the received signal and the transmitted signal respectively, so as to obtain a total impulse response of each receiving channel and a total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
in the embodiment of the invention, an adaptive mean square (LMS) algorithm is adopted to iterate the received signals, and the obtained calculation result is the total impulse response of the signals after the signals reach a receiving antenna and a receiving channel.
For example, the impulse response of the transmit channel of antenna i is hs i The impulse response of the receiving channel is hr i The impulse response of the spatial transmission can still be flat and wide band and still be C D And C L There is only one coefficient. After the signal transmitted by the antenna 1 reaches the antenna 2 and the receiving channel thereof, the total impact response is
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
In the formula, the operation is convolution operation. Similarly, others are:
h 14 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 4
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 23 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 3
h 24 ＝hs 2 *C L *hr 4
further, h ij Can be obtained by the received signal, and adopts the self-adaptive filtering algorithm to iterate the received signal to obtain h ij The adaptive filtering algorithm adopts an LMS algorithm, which is an iterative algorithm as follows:
e(n)＝X(n) T h ij (n)-y(n)
h ij (n+1)＝h ij (n)-2ue(n)X(n)*
wherein:
X(n)＝[x(n),x(n-1),...,x(n-L+1)] T
h ij (n)＝[h ij0 (n),h ij1 (n),...,h ijL-1 (n)] T
wherein, L is the order of the shock response; y (n) is the desired output value, i.e., the received signal; e (n) is an error; u is a step size factor; x (n) represents a modulation signal vector at time n; h is a total of ij (n) represents the coefficient of the impulse response at time n. The convergence condition of the LMS algorithm is as follows: u is more than 0 and less than 1/lambda max ，λ max Is the maximum eigenvalue of the autocorrelation matrix of the input signal.
Correspondingly, an adaptive filtering algorithm is adopted to iterate the transmitted signals to obtain the total impulse response of each transmitting channel, the specific method is the same as the above steps, and is not described here any more, and the obtained total impulse response of each transmitting channel is:
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 41 ＝hs 4 *C D *hr 1
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
h 32 ＝hs 3 *C D *hr 2
h 42 ＝hs 4 *C L *hr 2
obtaining:
hs′ 3 ＝h′ 32 *h 12 *hs′ 1
hs′ 4 ＝h′ 42 *h 23 *hs′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hs′ 2 ＝h 41 *h′ 21 *hs′ 4
a correcting module 403, configured to correct each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correct each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient.
In the embodiment of the invention, the correction module 403 requires to obtain h' ij The method only needs to exchange x (n) with y (n) and then iterate the algorithm.
Obtaining:
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 13 *h 12 *hr′ 2
hr′ 3 ＝h′ 23 *h 21 *hr′ 1
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 24 *h 23 *hr′ 3 *(C L /C D )
in the formula: h 'is the deconvolution of h, with h' ═ 1. C D /C L Can be calculated by the following method:
after the signal transmitted by the antenna 1 reaches the antenna 2 and the receiving channel thereof, except for multiplying the amplitude-phase error S of the transmitting channel of the antenna 1 1 And the amplitude-phase error R of the receiving channel of the antenna 2 2 In addition, there is the amplitude-phase error C of the spatial channel D The total amplitude-phase error is
C 12 ＝S 1 C D R 2
In the same way, the antenna 4 receives the total amplitude-phase error of
C 14 ＝S 1 C D R 4
The antenna 3 receives the total amplitude-phase error of
C 13 ＝S 1 C L R 3
The total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 4 divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 2 has
C 14 /C 12 ＝R 4 /R 2
The total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 4 divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 3 has
C 14 /C 13 ＝(R 4 /R 3 )*(C D /C L )
The total amplitude-phase error of each antenna can be obtained from the received signal.
Then the antenna 2 transmits, other antennas receive, and after the signal transmitted by the antenna 2 reaches the antenna 1 and the receiving channel thereof, except multiplying the amplitude-phase error S of the transmitting channel of the antenna 2 2 And the amplitude-phase error R of the receiving channel of the antenna 1 1 Besides, there is the amplitude-phase error C of the space channel D The total amplitude-phase error is
C 21 ＝S 2 C D R 1
The antenna 3 receives the total amplitude-phase error of
C 23 ＝S 2 C D R 3
The antenna 4 receives a total amplitude-phase error of
C 24 ＝S 2 C L R 4
The total amplitude-phase error received by the antenna 3 is divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by the antenna 1, having
C 23 /C 21 ＝R 3 /R 1
The total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 4 divided by the total amplitude-phase error received by antenna 3 has
C 24 /C 23 ＝(R 4 /R 3 )*(C L /C D )
Before combination, the formula is
(C 14 /C 13 )/(C 24 /C 23 )＝(C D /C L ) 2
(C 14 /C 13 )*(C 24 /C 23 )＝(R 4 /R 3 ) 2
Therefore, there are:
after finishing, the following can be obtained:
hr′ 3 ＝h′ 23 *h 21 *hr′ 1
hr′ 4 ＝h′ 24 *h 23 *hr′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hr′ 2 ＝h 14 *h′ 12 *hr′ 4
based on antenna 1 reception, i.e. assuming hr 1 And (4) obtaining the amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel, and correcting each antenna receiving channel.
Based on antenna 1 transmission, i.e. assuming hs 1 The amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmission channel can be obtained as 1, so that the correction is carried out on each antenna transmission channel.
By adopting the method provided by the invention, the same operation as before is carried out by replacing one antenna, and the characteristics of the antenna spacing are utilized, the same antenna spacing is considered as the same space transfer characteristic, and the different antenna spacings are considered as different space characteristics. The spatial characteristic is also a complex number.
Since the actual mobile communication system cannot be operated at full capacity at any time, there are always free time slots, and these free time slots can be used for real-time calibration. Now that the bandwidth of mobile communication capacity is increasing, the broadband signal can not be regarded as a jump of only one phase in the transmitting channel and the receiving channel, but rather a time domain impulse response CIR with a plurality of taps.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
It should be understood that the above detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention by means of preferred embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive. On the basis of reading the description of the invention, a person skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for self-calibration of a wideband signal, comprising:
acquiring all antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated;
respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
correcting each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient;
at a certain moment, one antenna transmits and the other three antennas receive; the impulse response of the transmit channel of antenna i is hs i The impulse response of the receiving channel is hr i The impulse response of the spatial transmission can still be flat and wide band and still be C D And C L In which C is D The amplitude and phase errors of the spatial channels; after the signal transmitted by the antenna 1 reaches the antenna 2 and the receiving channel thereof, the total impact response is h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2 ，
In the formula, the operation is convolution operation; similarly, others include: h is 14 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 4 ，h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1 ，h 23 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 3 ，h 24 ＝hs 2 *C L *hr 4 ；
Further, h ij Derived from the received signal, usingAn adaptive filtering algorithm, which iterates the received signal to obtain h ij The following are: e (n) ═ X (n) T h ij (n)-y(n)，h ij (n+1)＝h ij (n) -2ue (n) x (n), wherein: x (n) ═ x (n), x (n-1),.., x (n-L +1)] T ，h ij (n)＝[h ij0 (n),h ij1 (n),...,h ijL-1 (n)] T Wherein, L is the order of the shock response; y (n) is a desired output value, i.e., a received signal; e (n) is an error; u is a step size factor; x (n) represents a modulation signal vector at time n; h is a total of ij (n) represents the coefficient of the impulse response at time n, the adaptive filtering algorithm is the LMS algorithm, and the convergence condition is as follows: u is more than 0 and less than 1/lambda max ，λ max The maximum eigenvalue of the autocorrelation matrix of the input signal;
correspondingly, the self-adaptive filtering algorithm is adopted to iterate the transmitted signals to obtain the total impulse response of each transmitting channel, and the obtained total impulse response of each transmitting channel is as follows:
h 21 ＝hs 2 *C D *hr 1
h 41 ＝hs 4 *C D *hr 1
h 12 ＝hs 1 *C D *hr 2
h 32 ＝hs 3 *C D *hr 2
h 42 ＝hs 4 *C L *hr 2
finally, finishing to obtain:
hs′ 3 ＝h′ 32 *h 12 *hs′ 1
hs′ 4 ＝h′ 42 *h 32 *hs′ 3 *(C L /C D )
hs′ 2 ＝h 41 *h′ 21 *hs′ 4
in the formula: h 'is the deconvolution of h, with h' ═ 1.
2. The method of claim 1,
the acquiring all antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the total number of antennas to be calibrated, taking half of the antennas to be calibrated as signal transmitting ends one by one, taking other antennas to be calibrated except the signal transmitting ends as signal receiving ends, and establishing a group of transmitting channels for the signal receiving ends corresponding to one signal transmitting end and the signal transmitting end.
3. The method of claim 1,
the correcting the antenna receiving channels according to the total impulse response of the receiving channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficients, and correcting the antenna transmitting channels according to the total impulse response of the transmitting channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficients, includes:
calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna receiving channel according to the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna receiving channel;
and calculating the amplitude-phase error of each antenna transmitting channel according to the total impulse response of each transmitting channel and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficient, and correcting each antenna transmitting channel.
4. The method of claim 1,
and the total impulse response is an operation result obtained by performing convolution operation according to the impulse response of the antenna transmitting channel, the impulse response of the space transmission and the impulse response of the receiving channel.
5. The method of claim 1,
the antenna transmission signal comprises a single-carrier broadband signal.
6. The method of claim 1,
the method comprises the following steps: a basic calibration sequence with good white noise resistance is selected from an antenna transmission signal, and the calibration sequence is formed by the basic calibration sequence through periodic cyclic shift.
7. The method of claim 1,
the step of transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one comprises the following steps: and under the condition that the number of the antennas to be calibrated is an odd number, adding 1 to the number of the antennas to be calibrated, taking half of the number of the antennas to be calibrated, and transmitting signals of the half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one.
8. The apparatus for self-calibration of a wideband signal applying the method for self-calibration of a wideband signal of claim 1, comprising:
the building module is used for acquiring all the antennas to be calibrated, transmitting signals of half of the antennas to be calibrated one by one, and receiving signals of other antennas to be calibrated;
the impulse response calculation module is used for respectively iterating the received signals and the transmitted signals by adopting a self-adaptive filtering algorithm to obtain the total impulse response of each receiving channel and the total impulse response of each transmitting channel;
and the correcting module is used for correcting the receiving channels of the antennas according to the total impulse response of the receiving channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficients and correcting the transmitting channels of the antennas according to the total impulse response of the transmitting channels and the pre-calibrated compensation coefficients.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor,
the processor, when executing the program, implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a program which, when executed, is capable of implementing the method of any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN101378278A (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-04 | 安捷伦科技有限公司 | Channel measurement for wireless multi-input multi-output communication system |
| CN101674140A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-17 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for calibrating antennae |
| CN102035076A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Antenna calibration system and method |
| CN109951236A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-28 | 广州开信通讯系统有限公司 | Calibration method and device are fluctuated in a kind of broadband automatically |
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| US8891598B1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-11-18 | Magnolia Broadband Inc. | Transmitter and receiver calibration for obtaining the channel reciprocity for time division duplex MIMO systems |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101378278A (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-04 | 安捷伦科技有限公司 | Channel measurement for wireless multi-input multi-output communication system |
| CN101674140A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-17 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for calibrating antennae |
| CN102035076A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Antenna calibration system and method |
| CN109951236A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-28 | 广州开信通讯系统有限公司 | Calibration method and device are fluctuated in a kind of broadband automatically |
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