CN111430062B - Elastic conductor composite film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Elastic conductor composite film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111430062B CN111430062B CN202010257987.0A CN202010257987A CN111430062B CN 111430062 B CN111430062 B CN 111430062B CN 202010257987 A CN202010257987 A CN 202010257987A CN 111430062 B CN111430062 B CN 111430062B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0026—Apparatus for manufacturing conducting or semi-conducting layers, e.g. deposition of metal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an elastic conductor composite film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the elastic conductor composite film adopts an electrospun thermoplastic elastomer and liquid metal as raw materials, a base film layer of the composite film is obtained through an electrospinning technology, the liquid metal is coated on the surface of the base film layer, and the obtained composite film has good stretchability, strong conductivity and excellent electrical stability while resisting stretching; the base film layer electrospun fiber is of a reticular pore structure, so that the composite film also has good vapor permeability and air permeability; the thermoplastic elastomer and the liquid metal for preparing the composite film are both materials with lower cost, so that the production cost of the composite film is reduced, and the economic applicability is good; the general preparation means such as electrospinning and coating are beneficial to mass industrial production, and the composite film can be physically expanded according to actual application requirements, so that compared with the existing conductive material, the elastic conductor composite film disclosed by the application is more suitable for multiple fields such as stretchable electronic circuits, flexible batteries, stretchable light source devices, wearable equipment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of conductor materials, and particularly relates to an elastic conductor composite film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Elastic conductors are an integral part of wearable electronics, in particular flexible electronics such as flexible robots, bioinformatic drive devices, medical implants for health monitoring, etc. In addition to the electrical conductivity and elasticity, electrical stability is also an extremely important consideration for the performance of elastic conductors, and many practical applications such as stretchable electronic circuits, flexible batteries, stretchable light source devices, etc. require high electrical stability of the conductive material to ensure that the device remains well functioning during deformation, while having high electrical stability in combination with high stretchability of the elastic conductor is quite challenging. In addition, in addition to high electrical stability, the application of porous thin film elastic conductors to elastic conductors in wearable electronics is also highly desirable, and it is desirable that such conductive materials possess good air and vapor permeability properties. With the development of wearable products, future wearable electronic products also need stretchable conductive materials to meet the conditions of multifunction support, small packaging volume, high integration level and the like so as to support better product performance.
At present, a method for preparing the elastic conductor with the advantages of good stretchability, high conductivity, high stability and the like is not mature and convenient.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the present invention aims to provide an elastic conductor composite film and a preparation method thereof, which overcome the defects of the prior art, and enable the elastic conductor composite film to simultaneously satisfy high stretchability, high conductivity and high electrical stability, and also have good vapor permeability and air permeability.
The invention provides an elastic conductor composite film, which comprises: the base film layer is an electrospinnable thermoplastic elastomer, and the coating material is liquid metal with a melting point lower than room temperature.
Preferably, in order to further increase the conductivity of the composite film, a nano silver conductive layer is further formed between the base film layer and the coating material.
Preferably, the elastic conductor composite film has a multi-layer structure and is formed by sequentially and alternately and vertically stacking a base film layer and a coating material.
Preferably, the elastic conductor composite film is of a multi-layer structure and is formed by sequentially and alternately and vertically stacking a base film layer, a nano silver conductive layer and a coating material.
Preferably, the coating material is passed through a patterned die to form the pattern on the surface of the base film layer.
Preferably, in order to improve the electrical contact performance of the elastic conductor composite film, a layer of ion conductive hydrogel is further covered on the contact surface of the composite film and the organism, and the pattern formed by the ion conductive hydrogel is consistent with the pattern formed by the coating material on the covered surface.
Preferably, the electrospinnable thermoplastic elastomer is a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer having a mass percent concentration in the formed electrospun polymer solution of 5wt% to 20wt%.
Preferably, the liquid metal is a room temperature liquid gallium-based alloy.
Preferably, the room-temperature liquid gallium-based alloy is eutectic gallium-indium alloy, wherein the mass ratio of gallium-indium to the other elements is 75:25.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the elastic conductor composite film, which comprises the following steps:
S1, dissolving an electrospun thermoplastic elastomer in an intermediate agent to form an electrospun polymer solution;
s2, electrospinning by using the electrospinning polymer solution, and collecting electrospinning on a steel plate to form a base film layer of the elastic conductor composite film;
and S3, coating a coating material on the surface of the base film layer, wherein the coating material is liquid metal with a melting point lower than room temperature.
Preferably, before step S3, the method further comprises:
a nano silver conductive layer is formed on the surface of the base film layer, specifically, the base film layer is soaked in nano silver solution, reducing agent and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence.
Preferably, step S3 further comprises:
And (3) electrospinning a new base film layer by using the polymer solution on the surface of the base film layer coated with the coating material, coating the coating material on the surface of the new base film layer, and the like, and alternately carrying out electrospinning and coating the coating material until the required number of layers is obtained to form the elastic conductor composite film with a multi-layer structure.
Preferably, step S3 further comprises:
And (3) electrospinning a new base film layer by using the polymer solution on the surface of the base film layer coated with the coating material, sequentially forming a nano silver conductive layer and coating the coating material on the surface of the new base film layer, and alternately electrospinning, forming the nano silver conductive layer and coating the coating material until the required layer number is obtained to form the multilayer-structure elastic conductor composite film.
Preferably, forming a nano silver conductive layer on the surface of the base film layer includes:
Soaking the base film layer in the nano silver solution for 5min, taking out the base film layer, placing the base film layer in the air, naturally airing at normal temperature, soaking the air-dried base film layer in a reducing agent for not less than 5min, taking the base film layer soaked in the reducing agent, placing the base film layer soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol for not less than 10min, taking the base film layer soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol, placing the base film layer in the air, naturally airing at normal temperature, and forming a nano silver conductive layer on the surface of the base film layer.
Preferably, the nano silver solution is prepared by dissolving silver trifluoroacetate in ethanol to obtain a solution with the concentration of 0.1-1 g/mL.
Preferably, the reducing agent is a hydrazine hydrate ethanol solution.
Preferably, the coating material is coated on the surface of the base film layer, including:
and placing a mold with a pattern on the surface of the base film layer so that the coating material forms the pattern when the surface of the base film layer is coated.
Preferably, the preparation of the elastic conductor composite film further includes:
One surface of the composite film, which is to be contacted with a living body, is covered with a layer of ion conductive hydrogel, and the pattern formed by the ion conductive hydrogel is consistent with the pattern formed by the coating material on the covered surface.
Preferably, the intermediate agent is dichloroethane.
Preferably, dissolving the electrospinnable thermoplastic elastomer in the intermediate agent to form the electrospun polymer solution comprises:
The styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer is dissolved in dichloroethane to obtain an electrospun polymer solution, and the mass percentage concentration of the thermoplastic elastomer in the formed electrospun polymer solution is 5wt% to 20wt%.
Preferably, the liquid metal is a room temperature liquid gallium-based alloy.
Preferably, the room-temperature liquid gallium-based alloy is eutectic gallium-indium alloy, wherein the mass ratio of gallium and indium is 75:25.
Preferably, the thickness of the base film layer is positively correlated with the collection time for collecting electrospinning on a steel plate.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The elastic conductor composite film has good stretchability, strong conductivity and excellent electrical stability while resisting stretching; the base film layer electrospun fiber obtained by adopting the electrospinning technology is of a reticular pore structure, so that the composite film also has good vapor permeability and air permeability; the thermoplastic elastomer and the liquid metal for preparing the composite film are both materials with lower cost, so that the production cost of the composite film is reduced, and the economic applicability is good; the universal preparation means such as electrospinning and coating are beneficial to the application of the composite film in multiple fields, are suitable for large-batch industrial production, can physically expand the composite film according to actual application requirements, and are more suitable for the fields such as stretchable electronic circuits, flexible batteries, stretchable light source devices, wearable devices and the like compared with the conventional conductive material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an elastic conductor composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a base film SBS electrospun fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a statistical diagram of the diameter distribution of electrospun fibers of a base film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a tensile stress-strain curve of a base film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of a 0.8EGaIn-SBS embodiment of the present invention in its natural state;
FIGS. 6a and 6b are Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of an embodiment of the invention in which 0.8EGaIn-SBS is in tension;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the resistance-tensile strain curve of 0.8EGaIn-SBS according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the resistivity at different tensile strains versus the number of tensile cycles of a 0.8EGaIn-SBS according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the resistivity increase versus tensile strain curve for a composite film having a different EGaIn unit area loading in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the conductivity and quality factor as a function of EGaIn unit area loading according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 11 a-11 e are Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of composite films with different EGaIn unit area loadings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of the preparation of an elastic conductor composite film according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of a two EGaIn-AgNPs-SBS embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the change of the electrical resistivity and the quality factor with the tensile strain according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the resistivity increase versus the number of stretches at 0% and 60% strain for example two according to the present invention;
fig. 16 is a flowchart of a preparation of a three-layer elastic conductor composite film according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-layer elastic conductor composite film according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a temperature change curve of a top layer composite film according to a third embodiment of the present invention under different voltages;
FIG. 19 is a graph showing the variation of the maximum temperature of the top composite film when a step voltage is applied in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a graph showing the temperature-tensile strain curve of the top layer composite film according to the third embodiment of the present invention when the applied voltage is 0.15V;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the temperature change of the electrical stability of the top layer composite film of the third embodiment of the present invention when the applied voltage is 0.2V;
FIG. 22 is a graph showing capacitance-PBS volume curves for an interlayer composite film according to the third embodiment of the invention under different tensile strains;
FIG. 23 is a graph showing capacitance-NaCl concentration curves for an interlayer composite film according to the third embodiment of the present invention under different tensile strains;
FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of an electrocardiosignal acquisition waveform of 3 wavebands in a natural state of a bottom composite membrane in a third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of an electrocardiograph signal acquisition waveform of 3 wavebands in a deformed state of the bottom layer composite film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an elastic conductor composite film and a method for preparing the same, the composite film includes a base film layer and a coating material coated on a surface of the base film layer, wherein the base film layer is an electrospinnable thermoplastic elastomer, and the coating material is a liquid metal with a melting point lower than room temperature.
It should be understood that the thermoplastic elastomer that can be electrospun used includes a series of thermoplastic elastomers that can be used for electrospinning, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer (SEBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), hydrogenated styrene/isoprene block copolymer (SEPS), polyester-based block copolymer (TPEE), polyurethane-based block copolymer (TPU), polyolefin-based copolymer (TPO), thermoplastic vulcanized elastomer (TPV), diene-based block copolymer (TPB), etc., which are not particularly limited in the present invention.
The liquid metal used may be room temperature liquid gallium-based alloy including gallium indium alloy, gallium indium bismuth alloy, gallium indium tin alloy, etc., or may be a series of other liquid metals with melting point lower than room temperature, which is not particularly limited in the present invention.
In the embodiment, SBS is selected as a material of the base film layer, wherein the mass ratio of styrene to butadiene is 40:60; the liquid metal coated on the surface of the base film layer in this embodiment is eutectic Gallium Indium alloy (EGaIn), wherein the mass ratio of Gallium Indium to the other elements is 75:25.
The preparation method of the composite film is described below, and comprises the following steps:
preparing a base film layer preparation material, namely dissolving SBS in an intermediate agent to prepare a polymer solution for electrospinning, wherein the intermediate agent is dichloroethane, and the mass percentage concentration of SBS in the obtained polymer solution is 5-20wt%;
collecting electrospinning on a steel plate, controlling the thickness of a base film layer by controlling the collecting time, wherein the base film layer is thicker when the collecting time is longer, stopping the current electrospinning process after the collecting time reaches a preset thickness, and removing the base film layer from the steel plate for later coating EGaIn;
The coating method may be one or more of knife coating, brushing, meyer rod coating, silk screen printing and ink jet printing, and it should be understood that the coating method is not limited to the above-described coating methods, and any coating method that can form an alloy layer by coating a coating material on the surface of the base film layer without essential distinction is considered as a technical solution protected by the present invention.
In the embodiment, a doctor blade coating mode is adopted, a EGaIn is utilized to form an alloy layer on the surface of a base film layer, and the formed elastic conductor composite film is denoted by EGaIn-SBS.
The electrical properties such as conductivity and electrical stability of the composite film can be adjusted by varying the loading per unit area of the alloy layer on the surface of the base film layer, so that to represent composite films of different alloy layer loading per unit area, xEGaIn-SBS is used, x is expressed in mg/cm 2, e.g., 0.8EGaIn-SBS, 1.4EGaIn-SBS, 2.0EGaIn-SBS, 2.6EGaIn-SBS, 5.0EGaIn-SBS, respectively, to represent a loading per unit area of alloy layer EGaIn on the base film layer of 0.8mg/cm 2、1.4mg/cm2、2.0mg/cm2、2.6mg/cm2、5.0mg/cm2.
As shown in the lower half of fig. 1, in order to form an alloy layer with a specific pattern on the surface of the base film layer on the basis of the first embodiment, the doctor-blading may also be assisted by using a mold, specifically, a mold with a specific pattern is placed on the surface of the base film layer, and an alloy material is doctor-coated on the mold so that the alloy layer formed on the base film layer presents the specific pattern.
The properties of the elastic conductor composite film provided in this example were analyzed from the microstructure of the composite film as follows.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the SBS electrospun fibers of the base film layer are randomly stacked, the diameters of the fibers are concentrated to 500 nm-5 μm, and the tensile stress strain curve of the base film layer is as shown in fig. 4, and the tensile strain of the base film layer can reach 1200%, so that the base film layer has good tensile resistance.
Taking 0.8EGaIn-SBS as an example, the Young modulus of the elastic conductor composite film is 0.11MPa, the microstructure in a natural state is shown in fig. 5a and 5b, the microstructure in a stretched state is shown in fig. 6a and 6b, the SBS electrospun fiber is a reticular pore structure, fig. 7 shows a curve of the resistance of 0.8EGaIn-SBS changing along with the tensile strain, the resistance of 0.8EGaIn-SBS only increases by 2.2% when the tensile strain is 1050%, and the good electrical stability of the elastic conductor composite film provided by the embodiment is attributed to the deformation of reticular pores and the extension of secondary gaps in the electrospun fiber in the stretching process in combination with fig. 5a to 6 b; fig. 8 shows a plot of resistance versus number of stretches for 0.8EGaIn-SBS at different tensile strains, and at a tensile strain of 50%, the composite film can withstand up to 20000 stretches without significant resistance change, and even at a tensile strain increase of 500%, it can withstand more than 1600 stretches with only an 8.9-fold increase in resistance.
Analyzing the effect of the loading per unit area of EGaIn on the conductive properties and electrical stability of the composite film, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the curve "■" in fig. 10 represents the conductivity, the curve "+." in fig. 10 represents the quality factor, the conductive properties of the composite film are improved with increasing loading per unit area of EGaIn, whereas the electrical stability is reduced, the conductivity is increased to 2.0x10 6 S/m when the increase per unit area is increased to 5mg/cm 2, while the quality factor showing electrical stability was reduced to 0.83, the above-mentioned two parameters were changed in opposite directions, which can be attributed to degradation of the net-like pore structure of the SBS electrospun fiber with an increase in the loading per unit area as shown in fig. 11a to 11e, however, the elastic conductor composite film provided in this example has significant advantages in both electrical conductivity and electrical stability as compared with the stretch-resistant conductor composite film of the prior art.
Example two
Referring to fig. 12, in order to further improve the conductivity of the composite film, the present embodiment provides another elastic conductor composite film and a preparation method thereof, wherein a nano silver conductive layer is formed between a base film layer and an alloy layer on the basis of the first embodiment, so as to achieve the purpose of significantly improving the conductivity of the composite film.
The method for preparing the base film layer and the alloy layer in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, except that a nano silver conductive layer (silver nanoparticles, agNPs) is required to be formed on the base film layer before the alloy layer is coated, and the specific steps are as follows:
preparing a nano silver solution, namely dissolving silver trifluoroacetate (AgTFA) into ethanol (EtOH) to obtain a solution with the concentration of 0.1-1 g/mL;
the base film layer is soaked in nano silver solution, reducing agent and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence: soaking the base film layer subjected to electrospinning in a nano silver solution for 5min, taking out the base film layer, placing the base film layer in air, naturally airing at normal temperature, and soaking the air-dried base film layer in a reducing agent for not less than 5min to reduce nano silver on the surface of the base film layer; taking out the base film layer, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol for not less than 10min to remove residual reducing agent; and (3) placing the base film soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol in air for natural air drying at normal temperature, forming a nano silver conductive layer on the surface of the base film, and representing the semi-finished product of the composite film by using Ag-SBS.
The reducing agent used in this example was a hydrazine hydrate ethanol solution.
The method of the first embodiment is adopted to coat EGaIn on the surface of the nano silver conductive layer to form an alloy layer, and the obtained elastic conductor composite film is expressed by EGaIn-AgNPs-SBS.
The microstructure of the elastic conductor composite film with the nano silver conductive layer is shown in fig. 13, and the alloy layer is coated on the SBS base film layer with the nano silver conductive layer formed, so that the net-shaped pore structure of the electrospun fiber is not influenced; referring to fig. 14 and 15, in fig. 14, a curve "■" represents a resistivity increase rate, a curve "∈" represents a quality factor, R s and R on the ordinate both represent a resistivity of the composite film after stretching, R s0 and R 0 both represent a resistivity of the composite film when in a natural state, an initial conductivity of EGaIn-AgNPs-SBS can reach 1658800S/m, a resistivity of the composite film increases only by 40.8 times when a stretching strain is 1950%, a quality factor corresponding to electrical stability is reduced to 0.48, a quality factor still remains to be 11.9 when the stretching strain is 100%, and the composite film can withstand stretching more than 200000 times when the stretching strain is 60%, and the resistivity increases only 38%, so that good electrical stability can be maintained when the composite film is slowly deformed.
Example III
Referring to fig. 16, the present embodiment provides an elastic conductor composite film with a three-layer structure and a preparation method thereof, and in particular relates to an elastic conductor composite film applied to a wearable thermal therapy device. The preparation methods of the base film layer and the alloy layer are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that the base film layer and the alloy layer are alternately formed, the base film layer is formed before the alloy layer is formed, and the alloy layer is formed after the alloy layer is formed on the base film layer each time by doctor-blading, so that it is easy to understand that each layer of elastic conductor composite film comprises a base film layer and an alloy layer, and the three-layer structure elastic conductor composite film is sequentially represented as a top layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer according to the electrospinning sequence of the base film layer, wherein the top layer is used as a heater, the middle layer is used as a capacitive sweat sensor, the bottom layer is used as a contact electrode for collecting biological signals of a human body, and the total thickness of the three-layer structure elastic conductor composite film prepared by the embodiment is 320 μm.
In order to enhance the electrical contact performance of the elastic conductor composite membrane when in contact with human skin, the bottom composite membrane serving as a contact electrode is further covered with a layer of ion-conductive hydrogel, the pattern of which is identical to that of the bottom alloy layer, and both are in a square shape and identical in size and shape as shown in fig. 16.
In consideration of the hydrophobicity of SBS, the middle layer of the composite film is subjected to plasma treatment to make the middle layer hydrophilic, so that the middle layer serving as a sweat sensor can still transmit sweat from the skin surface to the sensor through the surface tension of the porous fiber structure of the film layer under the compressed state. The prepared elastic conductor composite film with three-layer structure is shown in figure 17,
The composite film prepared by the preparation method of alternately carrying out electrospinning and coating is an integrated composite film, and can not be layered when being repeatedly used, so that the applicability of the composite film is greatly improved; likewise, the thickness of the base film layer is controlled by controlling the collecting time of the electrospinning, so that the thickness of each layer can be flexibly adjusted for the composite film with a multi-layer structure; the simple and efficient preparation process is beneficial to the design and industrial production of the wearable equipment with high integration level and rich functions.
In combination with the previous three embodiments, it is easy to understand that in further embodiments, the preparation of the elastic conductor composite film with a multilayer structure may be alternatively performed according to the preparation sequence of the base film layer, the nano silver conductive layer and the alloy layer to form the elastic conductor composite film with a multilayer structure containing the nano silver conductive layer, and the preparation of such composite film is not repeated herein, so that those skilled in the art can clearly prepare the elastic conductor composite film with a multilayer structure containing the nano silver conductive layer according to the embodiments provided by the present invention.
Performance testing
Each layer of the three-layer structure elastic conductor composite film in the third embodiment was subjected to performance test separately,
For the top layer composite film used as a heater, respectively fixing the top layer composite film on two clamping plates of a stretching device, wherein one clamping plate is movable, one clamping plate is fixed, direct-current step voltage of 0-0.45V is applied to the top layer composite film, the temperature change of the composite film is monitored by using a thermal infrared imager, the voltage application time is at least 60s each time to ensure that the heating temperature of the composite film can reach a stable state, the thermal infrared imager monitoring is stopped when the temperature of the composite film is restored to room temperature, the temperature change curve of the composite film is recorded under different voltage application conditions as shown in figure 18, and the temperature of the composite film can be stabilized within 30s in 6 voltage application times; and for the heating performance of the composite film, applying a voltage to the top layer composite film every 60s, increasing the voltage by 0.07-0.08V each time, and applying the next voltage again after the temperature is different from the previous recovery room temperature, wherein the voltage is applied to immediately apply the next voltage when the temperature of the composite film reaches a stable value, monitoring the temperature change of the composite film by adopting an infrared thermal imager, stopping infrared thermal image monitoring when the composite film is recovered to room temperature after all the voltage values are applied, recording the maximum values which can be achieved by the composite film under different applied voltages as shown in fig. 19, and observing the temperature change along with the voltage step change, wherein the maximum temperature of the composite film can reach 95 ℃ when the voltage is applied for the last time, so that the provided elastic conductor composite film can accurately control the temperature output; for the tensile property of the composite film, applying a direct current voltage of 0.15V to the composite film, stretching the composite film at a constant speed of 3mm/s, recording a curve of the temperature change of the composite film along with the tensile strain at the moment, as shown in figure 20, wherein the temperature of the composite film is increased from 34.4 ℃ under 0% strain to 40.1 ℃ under 100% strain, and only the temperature is increased by 5.7 ℃, which means that the composite film can still maintain good electrical stability when deformed along with the skin of a human body; in addition, the test is carried out on the electrical stability of the composite film in repeated heating and cooling use, the direct-current voltage is applied to the composite film by 0.2V, the temperature of the composite film is restored to the room temperature after reaching a stable value, the composite film is taken as one cycle, the temperature change of the composite film in 10 cycles is recorded as shown in figure 21, and the composite film can still maintain stable heating performance in the cyclic use.
For an interlayer composite film used as a capacitive sweat sensor, sweat conduction and ion permeability were tested in the stretched state. Similarly, fixing the middle layer composite film on two end clamping plates of stretching equipment, wherein one end clamping plate is movable, the other end clamping plate is fixed, simulating human sweat by phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), dripping PBS with different volumes on the surface of the composite film to simulate the change of different sweat rates on the capacitance value of the composite film, and recording the curve of the capacitance value of the composite film with the change of the PBS volume under different stretching degrees as shown in figure 22; sodium ions and chloride ions are important monitoring indexes of human physiological states, so that NaCl aqueous solutions with different ion concentrations are adopted to simulate the human physiological states at different stages, the composite membrane is completely soaked in the NaCl aqueous solution, curves of capacitance stable values of the composite membrane changing along with the NaCl concentration under different stretching degrees are monitored as shown in figure 23, the stretching strains of 0%, 50% and 100% are respectively tested for sweat conduction and ion permeability, and the sweat conduction sensitivity and the ion permeability of the composite membrane can be improved along with the increase of the stretching degrees.
Referring to fig. 24 and 25, for the bottom composite film used as the contact electrode for collecting biological signals, the accuracy and stability of signal collection in the natural state and the deformed state are tested, an electrocardiograph with four-electrode electrocardiograph wires is used, wherein 3 wires are respectively connected with the inner sides of the left lower leg and the right lower leg and the left wrist of a tester by using common electrocardiograph ECG patches, the other wire is connected with the right wrist by using the bottom composite film of the invention, the bottom composite film is pressed by hands to simulate the deformed state when the signals are started to be collected, and the electrocardiograph waveforms collected in the natural state and the deformed state in the 3 wave bands i, ii and iii are recorded respectively as shown in fig. 24 and 25, so that the composite film can collect the required electrocardiograph waveforms from the 3 wave bands in the natural state and the deformed state with low noise ratio.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An elastic conductor composite film, comprising: the liquid metal layer is coated on the surface of the base film layer;
The base film layer is directly formed by electrospinning an electrospun polymer solution on a base material, and electrospun fibers formed by electrospinning the solution are randomly stacked on the base material, so that the base film layer has a reticular pore structure;
the electrospun polymer solution comprises an electrospinnable thermoplastic elastomer;
The liquid metal layer is coated on the surface of the base film layer by one or more of knife coating, brushing, meyer rod coating, silk screen printing and ink-jet printing;
The elastic conductor composite film is of a multi-layer structure and is formed by sequentially and alternately and vertically stacking the base film layer and the liquid metal layer, or is formed by sequentially and alternately and vertically stacking the base film layer, the nano silver conductive layer and the liquid metal layer.
2. The elastic conductor composite membrane according to claim 1, further comprising a layer of ion-conductive hydrogel on the surface of the elastic conductor composite membrane in contact with the living body, wherein the ion-conductive hydrogel has a pattern corresponding to the pattern of the coating material on the surface.
3. The elastic conductor composite film according to claim 1, wherein the electrospinnable thermoplastic elastomer is a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer at a mass percent concentration of 5wt% to 20wt% in the electrospun polymer solution.
4. The elastic conductor composite film according to claim 1, wherein the liquid metal layer is prepared from a room temperature liquid gallium-based alloy.
5. A method of making the elastic conductor composite film of any of claims 1-4, comprising:
S1, dissolving an electrospun thermoplastic elastomer in an intermediate agent to form an electrospun polymer solution;
S2, electrospinning the electrospun polymer solution, and collecting electrospun fibers on a base material, wherein the electrospun fibers are randomly stacked on the base material to form a base film layer, so that the base film layer has a reticular pore structure;
s3, coating liquid metal on the surface of the base film layer, wherein the coating mode adopts one or more of knife coating, brushing, meyer rod coating, silk screen printing and ink jet printing;
And (3) repeating the steps S1-S3 on one surface of the composite film coated with the liquid metal, which is obtained in the step S3, so as to obtain the elastic conductor composite film with the multilayer structure, wherein the elastic conductor composite film is formed by alternately stacking the base film layer and the liquid metal layer.
6. The method of producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 5, characterized in that the method further comprises:
Preparing a nano silver conductive layer on the surface of the base film layer before coating the liquid metal layer;
the preparation of the nano silver conductive layer comprises the following steps:
Soaking the base film layer in a nano silver solution for 5min, taking out the base film layer, placing the base film layer in air, naturally airing at normal temperature, soaking the air-dried base film layer in a reducing agent for not less than 5min, placing the base film layer soaked in the reducing agent in absolute ethyl alcohol for soaking for not less than 10min, placing the base film layer soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol in air, and naturally airing at normal temperature, so that a nano silver conductive layer is formed on the surface of the base film layer.
7. The method for producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 6, wherein the nano silver solution is produced by dissolving silver trifluoroacetate in ethanol to obtain a solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 1 g/mL.
8. The method of producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 6, wherein the reducing agent is a hydrazine hydrate ethanol solution.
9. The method of producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 5, wherein coating the liquid metal layer on the surface of the base film layer comprises:
and placing a mold with a pattern on the surface of the base film layer, so that the liquid metal forms the pattern when being coated on the surface of the base film layer.
10. The method for producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 5, characterized in that the method for producing further comprises:
and covering one surface of the elastic conductor composite film, which is to be contacted with a living body, with a layer of ion conductive hydrogel, wherein the pattern formed by the ion conductive hydrogel is consistent with the pattern formed by the coating material on the covered surface.
11. The method of producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 5, wherein the step S1 comprises:
The intermediate agent is dichloroethane, and the styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer is dissolved in the dichloroethane to obtain an electrospun polymer solution, wherein the mass percentage concentration in the formed electrospun polymer solution is 5-20wt%.
12. The method of producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 5, wherein the liquid metal layer is a room temperature liquid gallium-based alloy.
13. The method of producing an elastic conductor composite film according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the base film layer is positively correlated with a collection time for collecting electrospinning on a substrate.
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| CN113701929B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-06-14 | 湖南大学 | SBCs-GaN micro-LED-based flexible pressure visualization sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN114438663A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-06 | 宁波诺丁汉新材料研究院有限公司 | Breathable liquid metal-based elastic conductor composite film, preparation method and application |
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