CN111428603A - Electronic device and method for guaranteeing registered fingerprint quality in fingerprint identification system - Google Patents
Electronic device and method for guaranteeing registered fingerprint quality in fingerprint identification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111428603A CN111428603A CN202010191683.9A CN202010191683A CN111428603A CN 111428603 A CN111428603 A CN 111428603A CN 202010191683 A CN202010191683 A CN 202010191683A CN 111428603 A CN111428603 A CN 111428603A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/10—Image acquisition
- G06V10/12—Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
- G06V10/14—Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
- G06V10/145—Illumination specially adapted for pattern recognition, e.g. using gratings
Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic device for protecting the quality of registered fingerprint in a fingerprint identification system, which comprises: the fingerprint identification device comprises a main control chip, a fingerprint module and an indicating assembly; the main control chip and the fingerprint module are electrically connected through a UART serial communication interface and mutually receive and transmit operation commands and data related to fingerprints. The invention has the beneficial effects that: by the electronic device and the method for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system, the image can be seen after the fingerprint is pressed, and the quality of the pressed fingerprint is monitored; if the problem occurs, the user can intuitively adjust the direction and the position; the transmission binary line graph is adopted, so that the transmitted data volume is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the image can still provide the information judgment basis of the image for a user; the user experience is not influenced at all, and an effective guarantee method is provided for registering the fingerprint template.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fingerprint identification, and in particular, to an electronic device and method for guaranteeing registered fingerprint quality in a fingerprint identification system.
Background
The fingerprint has the characteristics of uniqueness, stability, reliability, easy collection, low cost and the like, so the fingerprint identification technology is one of the most widely applied biometric identification technologies. In a fingerprint identification system, key features of an acquired fingerprint image are generally extracted, and then storage or matching operation is performed in a fingerprint database according to topological relations such as positions and associations between feature sets and features. In order to extract the features, the fingerprint image with gray scale must be preprocessed, the gray scale image is converted into a binary line graph, and then the binary line graph is refined.
The fingerprint identification technology has many difficulties, for example, some users have problems of fingerprint pressing position deviation, light pressing force degree, constant pressing position, the same fingerprint image acquisition for multiple times and the like in the fingerprint registration stage, so that the acquired fingerprint image has small area, and the effective position information is little or even no central point information; even if the registration is reluctant to succeed, the subsequent comparison and verification operations are finally difficult, so that the user's finger can be successfully registered, but the verification is difficult to pass, and the user often fails. Most fingerprint identification system related products on the market can promote the quality of registration fingerprint through modes such as increasing registration number of times, restricting the minimum area of gathering the image, but operate very unnoticeably like this, can't see the image just can't judge whether reasonable, whether the fingerprint line has the adhesion condition in position, can't provide for the user and press improvement measure.
In the process of using the fingerprint identification system, if the fingerprint image currently pressed on the fingerprint sensor can be displayed in real time through the display screen, particularly in the process of registering the fingerprint, a user can judge whether the pressed position has obvious deviation or not through the image, whether the image quality is qualified or not and the like, and can check the quality of the registered fingerprint image. The fingerprint identification system usually adopts the fingerprint module of UART serial communication interface down. The UART serial communication mode is that data is sequentially transmitted one by one on one transmission line, and has the advantages of less transmission lines and low cost, and also has the defects of low data transmission efficiency and low speed. Taking a 160 × 160 pixel fingerprint sensor as an example, the size of the collected actual image is 160 × 160 bytes. Adopting UART serial communication, the transmitted data format is 10 bits, 1 bit start bit, 8 bit data bit and 1 bit stop bit, transmitting such an image at the speed of 57600bps baud rate, the total time needs: (1/57600) × 160 × 10 ═ 4.4 seconds. When a fingerprint image which is collected at present needs to be displayed in real time, a user needs to wait for 5 seconds after the fingerprint image is pressed every time, and the effect of the method greatly influences the user experience.
Certainly, the fingerprint identification system can adopt UART serial communication, and good experience is realized by customizing a faster baud rate. However, the customized product not only provides great test for the stability of the product, but also loses wildcard compatibility in the production and sale links.
The fingerprint identification system can also adopt a communication interface with high transmission speed, such as a fingerprint module of a USB interface. However, such a requirement may be imposed on the main control chip of the fingerprint identification system, which increases the cost and the development difficulty.
In summary, most products display a preset static image in the registration stage, that is, a fixed pattern which does not change every time; or directly cancel the function of displaying the image. Therefore, the links of judging and monitoring the currently acquired fingerprint image in the registration stage are lacked, and no powerful guarantee is provided for the subsequent comparison and verification operation. Therefore, it is very important to provide an electronic device and a method for guaranteeing the quality of registered fingerprints in a fingerprint identification system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies and to provide an electronic device and a method for protecting the quality of registered fingerprints in a fingerprint identification system.
The electronic device for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system comprises a main control chip, a fingerprint module and an indicating assembly, wherein the main control chip and the fingerprint module are electrically connected through a UART serial communication interface and mutually receive and send operation commands and data related to the fingerprint, the main control chip is electrically connected with the indicating assembly, the communication interface mode between the main control chip and the indicating assembly is not limited, and the indicating assembly is a matrix L ED lamp, a display screen or the combination of the main control chip and the indicating assembly.
Preferably, the main control chip is used for overall control of the system; the fingerprint module is used for receiving command operation which is issued by the main control chip and is related to the fingerprint, and replying an execution result to the main control chip after the appointed operation is finished; the indicating component is used for indicating the effective area of the image corresponding to the current acquisition.
Preferably, the display screen is used for receiving the display data sent by the main control chip and directly displaying the display data on the screen, so that the effect is more visual.
The operation method of the electronic device for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the main control chip firstly actively provides power for the fingerprint module;
s2, the main control chip sends an image acquisition instruction to the fingerprint module;
s3, the fingerprint module collects the image of the sensor surface, judges whether the image is an effective image, and replies response data of the image acquisition instruction to the main control chip according to the judgment result;
s4, after receiving the response data of the image acquisition instruction, the main control chip judges the execution result of the image acquisition instruction: if the user presses the fingerprint on the surface of the fingerprint module sensor during the execution of the step S3, the execution result of the image command is successfully acquired, and the step S5 is executed; if the user does not press the fingerprint on the surface of the fingerprint module sensor during the execution of S3, the execution result of the acquire image command is failed, and the execution returns to the step S2.
Preferably, if the indicating component is a matrix L ED lamp, the following steps are performed after S4:
s5, the main control chip sends a command for setting the number of sub-blocks to the fingerprint module, the number of the sub-blocks is set to be M × N, the fingerprint image is divided into M × N small sub-blocks, and each L ED lamp corresponds to one sub-block;
s6, the fingerprint module successfully sets the number of the sub-blocks to the response of the main control chip;
s7, the main control chip sends an instruction of uploading the effective area table to the fingerprint module;
s8, dividing the effective fingerprint image just collected into M × N small sub-blocks according to the set number of the sub-blocks by the fingerprint module, and calculating the mean value and the variance of each sub-block to obtain the local analysis result of the sub-block quality; if the edges of the divided effective fingerprint images have residual pixels, neglecting the partial pixels and not processing the partial pixels; summarizing the local analysis results of the quality of all the sub-blocks to obtain an effective area table of the whole image; then, responding the data of the effective area table to the main control chip;
and S9, after receiving the response of the command of uploading the effective area table, the main control chip extracts the data in the effective area table, if the quality of a certain sub-block is judged to exceed the preset threshold value, the L ED lamp corresponding to the sub-block is turned on, otherwise, the L ED lamp corresponding to the sub-block is turned off.
Preferably, if the display screen is selected as the indication component, the following steps are performed after S4:
s10, the main control chip sends a screen size setting instruction to the fingerprint module; setting the screen display size of the display screen as W pixels in width and H pixels in height;
s11, the fingerprint module responds to the main control chip to successfully set the screen size;
s12, the main control chip sends an instruction of uploading the binary line graph to the fingerprint module;
s13, the fingerprint module binarizes all pixels of the whole image: converting a gray scale format into a binary format, wherein each pixel occupies 1 bit of size, and 1 byte stores 8 pixel space; then, carrying out scaling adjustment according to preset screen display sizes W and H; and then responding the data of the binary line graph to the master control chip, wherein the size of the data of the binary line graph is as follows: w is H/8 bytes;
and S14, after receiving the response of uploading the binary line graph instruction, the main control chip extracts the binary line graph data and sends the binary line graph data to the display screen for display.
Preferably, the effective area table of S8 is expressed by VA [0] to VA [7], and the size is fixed and occupies 8 bytes.
Preferably, the value M, N of S5 is M ═ N ═ 32.
The invention has the advantages that the electronic device and the method for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system realize that the image can be seen after the fingerprint is pressed and the quality of the pressed fingerprint is monitored; if the problem occurs, the user can intuitively adjust the direction and the position; the transmission binary line graph is adopted, so that the transmitted data volume is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the image can still provide the information judgment basis of the image for a user; the user experience is not influenced at all, and an effective guarantee method is provided for registering the fingerprint template.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device for ensuring registered fingerprint quality in a fingerprint identification system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the main functional blocks of a fingerprint recognition system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an active area table structure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of valid data in the valid area table when M is 3 and N is 4;
fig. 5 is an example of actual data of an active area table when M is 3 and N is 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of valid data in the valid area table when M is 8 and N is 8;
fig. 7 is an example of actual data of an active area table when M is 8 and N is 8.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The invention provides an electronic device and a method for ensuring the quality of registered fingerprints by using a UART serial communication interface module and a common non-customized baud rate in a fingerprint identification system.
The electronic device for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system comprises a main control chip, a fingerprint module and an indicating assembly, wherein the main control chip and the fingerprint module are electrically connected through a UART serial communication interface and mutually receive and send operation commands and data related to the fingerprint, the main control chip is electrically connected with the indicating assembly, the communication interface mode between the main control chip and the indicating assembly is not limited, and the indicating assembly is a matrix L ED lamp, a display screen or the combination of the main control chip and the indicating assembly.
The main control chip is used for overall control of the system; the fingerprint module is used for receiving command operation which is issued by the main control chip and is related to the fingerprint, and replying an execution result to the main control chip after the appointed operation is finished; the indicating component is used for indicating the effective area of the image corresponding to the current acquisition.
The display screen is used for receiving the display data sent by the main control chip and directly displaying the display data on the screen, so that the effect is more visual.
The structure diagram of the effective area table is shown in FIG. 3, using VA 0-VA 7 to represent, the size is fixed and occupies 8 bytes; the number of sub-blocks is divided into M × N blocks, which is determined according to the actual size of the image and the effective area table.
Taking 160 × 160 images, setting the sub-block number M × N — 8 as an example, the 160 × 160 images are divided into 8 × 8 small images of 20 × 20 pixels for calculation; the 7 th bit of VA [0] represents whether the first sub-block at the leftmost upper corner of the image is valid, and the 0 th bit of VA [7] represents whether the last sub-block at the rightmost lower corner of the image is valid; if the bit is 1, it indicates that the corresponding sub-block is a valid fingerprint image, and if the bit is 0, it indicates that the sub-block is an invalid image. The total number of effective sub-blocks in the last effective area table is divided by (M x N) to represent the effective area ratio of the image; meanwhile, the position of the finger of the user pressed on the sensor can be represented according to the distribution rule of the effective sub-blocks.
Not all data in the active area table is active. Taking 160 × 160 images, setting the number M of sub-blocks to 3, and N to 4 as an example, the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, and 160 × 160 images are divided into 12 small images of 53 × 40 pixels according to 3 rows and 4 columns for calculation; the active bits here are only bits 7, 6, 5 of VA [0], bits 7, 6, 5 of VA [1], bits 7, 6, 5 of VA [2], and bits 7, 6, 5 of VA [3], and the 12 bits of data are active, and the remaining bits are meaningless. After data analysis, as shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that there is no good contact in the upper left corner after the user's finger presses; taking 160 × 160 images, the number of sub-blocks M is 8, and N is 8 as an example, and the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 6. After data analysis, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the user's finger is pressed upward, and the lower position is not in good contact.
According to the practical application requirements, the invention provides the following relevant commands in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 associated Command Table
Still taking the example of transmitting 160 × 160 pixel images, using UART serial communication, at a rate of 57600bps baud, a 160 × 160 binary line graph is transmitted in step S13, and the total transmission time needs to be:
(1/57600) × 160 × 160/8 × 10 ═ 0.556 seconds.
Example 1:
the fingerprint sensor is 160 x 160 pixels, 12L ED lamps are normally used as backlight illumination for touching a password key, and when a fingerprint is registered, the 12L ED lamps are used for indicating the pressing position of the fingerprint in an image so as to ensure the quality of the registered fingerprint.
The main control chip firstly and actively provides power for the fingerprint module; then the main control chip sends an image acquisition instruction to the fingerprint module; the fingerprint module acquires an image, judges whether the image is a valid image or not and replies a response to the main control chip; after the main control chip waits for the successful response of the image acquisition command, the main control chip sends a sub-block number setting command to the fingerprint module, wherein the number of the sub-blocks is set to be 3 x 4-12, M is 3, N is 4, and the fingerprint module successfully sets the number of the sub-blocks in response to the main control chip; then the main control chip sends an instruction of uploading the effective area table to the fingerprint module; the fingerprint module divides the effective fingerprint image just collected into 3 × 4 subblocks with 53 × 40 pixels, analyzes the local analysis result of the quality of all the subblocks, and sends the final effective area to the main control chip; after receiving the uploaded effective area table data, the main control chip extracts 12 bits of information of 7, 6 and 5 of VA 0, 7, 6 and 5 of VA 1, 7, 6 and 5 of VA 2 and 7, 6 and 5 of VA 3; if VA [0] ═ 0xE0, the backlight lamps of numbers 1, 2 and 3 in the touch keyboard are lighted; and if VA [1] is 0xC0, the numbers 4 and 5 of the touch keyboard are lighted on the backlight, the 6 backlight is extinguished, and the like, so that the function of indicating the area and the position of the image is completed.
Example 2:
a fingerprint recognition system having a 12864 dot matrix screen without L ED matrix lamps, a fingerprint sensor having 160X 160 pixels, displays a binary scaled image of a fingerprint on a display screen during registration of the fingerprint, and more intuitively determines the location and area of a fingerprint pressed during registration.
After the successful response of the image acquisition command is obtained, a screen size setting command is sent to the fingerprint module, the screen display size is set to be 64 pixels in width W and 64 pixels in height H; after the fingerprint module successfully sets the screen size in response to the main control chip, the main control chip actively supplies power to the fingerprint module; then the main control chip sends an image acquisition instruction to the fingerprint module; the fingerprint module acquires an image, judges whether the image is a valid image or not and replies a response to the main control chip; the main control chip sends a command of uploading a binary linear graph to the fingerprint module, the fingerprint module performs binarization on all pixels of the whole image, then zooms the binary linear graph to 64 × 64 dot matrix according to the screen display size, and then responds to the main control chip to zoom the data of the zoomed binary linear graph, wherein the size is as follows: 64 × 64/8 ═ 512 (bytes); the main control chip receives the binary line pattern data zoomed to 64 × 64, extracts the data and sends the data to a 12864 display screen for display; and the user checks whether the area and the position of the acquired image are qualified or not according to the actual display content.
Claims (8)
1. An electronic device for guaranteeing registered fingerprint quality in a fingerprint identification system is characterized by comprising a main control chip, a fingerprint module and an indicating assembly, wherein the main control chip and the fingerprint module are electrically connected through a UART serial communication interface, the main control chip and the indicating assembly are electrically connected, the communication interface mode between the main control chip and the indicating assembly is not limited, and the indicating assembly is a matrix L ED lamp, a display screen or a combination of the two.
2. The electronic device for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system according to claim 1, wherein: the main control chip is used for overall control of the system; the fingerprint module is used for receiving command operation which is issued by the main control chip and is related to the fingerprint, and replying an execution result to the main control chip after the appointed operation is finished; the indicating component is used for indicating the effective area of the image corresponding to the current acquisition.
3. The electronic device for guaranteeing the quality of the registered fingerprint in the fingerprint identification system according to claim 1, wherein: the display screen is used for receiving the display data sent by the main control chip and directly displaying the display data on the screen.
4. An operation method of an electronic device for guaranteeing quality of a registered fingerprint in a fingerprint identification system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, the main control chip firstly actively provides power for the fingerprint module;
s2, the main control chip sends an image acquisition instruction to the fingerprint module;
s3, the fingerprint module collects the image of the sensor surface, judges whether the image is an effective image, and replies response data of the image acquisition instruction to the main control chip according to the judgment result;
s4, after receiving the response data of the image acquisition instruction, the main control chip judges the execution result of the image acquisition instruction: if the user presses the fingerprint on the surface of the fingerprint module sensor during the execution of the step S3, the execution result of the image command is successfully acquired, and the step S5 is executed; if the user does not press the fingerprint on the surface of the fingerprint module sensor during the execution of S3, the execution result of the acquire image command is failed, and the execution returns to the step S2.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein if the indicating component is an L ED light, the step of S4 is followed by the steps of:
s5, the main control chip sends a command for setting the number of sub-blocks to the fingerprint module, the number of the sub-blocks is set to be M × N, the fingerprint image is divided into M × N small sub-blocks, and each L ED lamp corresponds to one sub-block;
s6, the fingerprint module successfully sets the number of the sub-blocks to the response of the main control chip;
s7, the main control chip sends an instruction of uploading the effective area table to the fingerprint module;
s8, dividing the effective fingerprint image just collected into M × N small sub-blocks according to the set number of the sub-blocks by the fingerprint module, and calculating the mean value and the variance of each sub-block to obtain the local analysis result of the sub-block quality; if the edges of the divided effective fingerprint images have residual pixels, neglecting the partial pixels and not processing the partial pixels; summarizing the local analysis results of the quality of all the sub-blocks to obtain an effective area table of the whole image; then, responding the data of the effective area table to the main control chip;
and S9, after receiving the response of the command of uploading the effective area table, the main control chip extracts the data in the effective area table, if the quality of a certain sub-block is judged to exceed the preset threshold value, the L ED lamp corresponding to the sub-block is turned on, otherwise, the L ED lamp corresponding to the sub-block is turned off.
6. The method for operating an electronic device for guaranteeing quality of registered fingerprint in a fingerprint identification system according to claim 4, wherein if the indication component is a display screen, the step S4 is followed by the following steps:
s10, the main control chip sends a screen size setting instruction to the fingerprint module; setting the screen display size of the display screen as W pixels in width and H pixels in height;
s11, the fingerprint module responds to the main control chip to successfully set the screen size;
s12, the main control chip sends an instruction of uploading the binary line graph to the fingerprint module;
s13, the fingerprint module binarizes all pixels of the whole image: converting a gray scale format into a binary format, wherein each pixel occupies 1 bit of size, and 1 byte stores 8 pixel space; then, carrying out scaling adjustment according to preset screen display sizes W and H; and then responding the data of the binary line graph to the master control chip, wherein the size of the data of the binary line graph is as follows: w is H/8 bytes;
and S14, after receiving the response of uploading the binary line graph instruction, the main control chip extracts the binary line graph data and sends the binary line graph data to the display screen for display.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the electronic device is further configured to perform the steps of: s8, the effective area table is represented by VA 0-VA 7, and the size is fixed and occupies 8 bytes.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the electronic device is further configured to perform the steps of: s5 the M, N has a value of M-N-32.
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