CN111427266B - Nonlinear system identification method aiming at disturbance - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying a non-linear system with disturbance, which comprises the following steps: A. converting an industrial control system to be identified into a strip disturbanceThe nonlinear system model of (1), the nonlinear system is composed of a nonlinear link and a linear link, namely a Hammerstein system of an output error type; B. decomposing the non-linear system model with disturbance into two sub-models: the system has no noise output submodel and disturbance submodel; C. updating system parametersConstruction of P ζ (k) And e ζ (k) Updating the parametersLet k = k +1, return to step a until the cutoff condition is satisfiedD. Identifying parameters and disturbances of the industrial control system. The invention can improve the defects of the prior art and has high convergence speed and identification precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial control, in particular to a method for identifying a non-linear system with disturbance.
Background
Nonlinear systems are widely present in industrial systems, and identification and control problems of nonlinear systems are paid more and more attention by students and engineers, and become important in research. The nonlinear system can be divided into a hammerstein system, a wiener system and a hammerstein wiener system, and generally comprises a nonlinear link and a linear link, wherein the nonlinear link is in various forms, such as a dead zone, a set of a plurality of linear functions and the like, and the linear link is mainly an output error model. The hammerstein system, of which the type of output error is most widely studied. In an industrial process, measurement noise is widely existed, when an output error model is converted into a regression equation, white noise is converted into colored noise, a least square identification algorithm becomes biased estimation, and identification precision is reduced. In the identification process, the disturbance always pollutes the output data, the identification precision is reduced, and therefore the influence of the disturbance must be eliminated. There are few documents and patents mentioning a non-linear system identification method with disturbance at home and abroad, such as scholars y.mao et al in the document "a novel parameter separation based identification algorithm for Hammerstein systems", (brief translation: application of a new decoupling identification algorithm in Hammerstein system identification, published in Applied Mathematics Letters in the control field, vol.60,21-27,2016.) based on filtering technology and multiple innovation theory, a random gradient identification algorithm with parameter separation is provided, the complexity of calculation is reduced, the calculation of redundant parameters is avoided, meanwhile, the convergence rate and identification accuracy of the algorithm are improved by introducing the multiple innovation theory, but the method does not consider the influence of disturbance, the influence of disturbance on the identification algorithm cannot be eliminated, and the identification accuracy is reduced. Scholars M, poulique, et al in the document "Identification scheme for Hammerstein output error models with bound noise" (brief: an Identification mechanism of Hammerstein system for output error type of bounded noise, published in International journal IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol.61, no.2,550-555, 2016.) provided an iterative Identification algorithm capable of identifying parameters of linear part and non-linear part of Hammerstein system of output error type at the same time, but this method did not consider the influence of disturbance on the Identification algorithm, when the output received disturbance, the Identification accuracy would be reduced, and this algorithm is an off-line algorithm and cannot be used on-line.
For the Hammerstein system with the output error type of disturbance, the existing method has the following defects: (1) The influence of measurement noise is not well processed, and when the output error model is converted into a regression equation, white noise can be converted into colored noise, so that the identification problem is more complicated; (2) The influence of disturbance is not considered, so that the disturbance pollutes output data in the identification process, the identification precision is reduced, or the system parameters and the disturbance are identified at the same time and are not distinguished; (3) The identification of system parameters adopts a single-information identification method, and only current data can be utilized. Identification of a hammerstein system for perturbed output error types has become a research hotspot.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for identifying a non-linear system with disturbance, which can solve the defects of the prior art and has high convergence rate and identification precision.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
A nonlinear system identification method aiming at disturbance comprises the following steps:
A. converting an industrial control system to be identified into a non-linear system model with disturbance, wherein the non-linear system consists of a non-linear link and a linear link, namely a Hammerstein system of an output error type; setting initial valueP(0),P ξ (0),u(k)=,p,γ 1 And gamma 2 Collecting system input and output data u (k) and y (k);
B. decomposing the non-linear system model with disturbance into two sub-models: a system noiseless output submodel and a disturbance submodel are used for constructing a system output vector Y (p, k) and an information vectorInformation matrixDisturbance vector
C. Updating system parametersConstruction ofAndupdating parametersLet k = k +1, return to step a until a cutoff condition is satisfied Wherein δ is a non-negative number, or reaches a certain number of samples;
D. identifying parameters and disturbances of the industrial control system.
Preferably, in step A, u (k) is defined to represent system input, F (u (k)) represents a nonlinear element function, and F (q) represents a nonlinear element function -1 ) Representing a linear link function, x (k) representing the noise-free output of the system,representing the system disturbance, v (k) representing the system output noise, and y (k) representing the system output, the non-linear discrete model with disturbance is as follows:
n a and n b For integer representation of the linear order of the elements, z represents a shifting factor, i.e.
The parameter vectors and information vectors defining the system model are as follows:
wherein n is s =n a +n b ×n c ;
The system noiseless output and the system output are respectively represented as,
preferably, in step B, the system noiseless output submodel and the disturbance submodel are expressed as,
y 1 (k)=x(k)
the output of the system is represented as,
y(k)=y 1 (k)+y 2 (k)+v(k),
the prediction error function is expressed as,
a prediction error vector is defined which is,
wherein, p represents the length of the multiple news,
defining an information matrix, a noise vector, a disturbance vector and a system output vector,
the noiseless output submodel vector, the perturbation submodel vector and the system output vector are represented as,
Y 1 (p,k)=Φ(p,k) T θ(k)
Y(p,k)=Y 1 (p,k)+Y 2 (p,k)+V(p,k),
a loss function is defined that is a function of,
since the non-linear system is decomposed into two submodels, the loss function is updated,
wherein, γ 1 ∈(0,1]And gamma 2 ∈(0,1]A forgetting factor is represented, which is,represents an estimated value of phi (p, i),an estimated value of theta (theta) is represented,to representAn estimate of (d).
Preferably, in step C, the loss function is updated to,
when calculating E (p, k), the last estimated value is usedInstead of the formerCalculating e 1 (k) Using the last estimated valueSubstitute forEstablishing an auxiliary model, replacing an unknown variable x (k) with the output of the auxiliary model,
ψ i (k)=[f i (u(k-1)),L,f i (u(k-n b ))]
Preferably, in step C, before updating the loss function, the method is implementedThe pre-treatment is carried out, and the pretreatment,
wherein e is a natural base number, and F is a preprocessing function.
Adopt the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought to lie in:
the invention establishes a parameterized model of the Hammerstein system under disturbance conditions, and determines input variables, output variables, intermediate variables, measurement noise and disturbance noise. The parameterized model is decomposed into two sub-models: the system outputs a submodel and a disturbance submodel without noise, and divides the parameters to be identified into non-time-varying parameters and time-varying parameters. The noise-free output submodel consists of a nonlinear part and a linear part, the two parts are converted into a regression equation form of an input variable and a noise-free output, wherein the noise-free output is unknown. The noise-free output submodel of the system is deduced to be in a regression equation form, the system output is equal to the sum of the noise-free output, the disturbance and the measurement noise, wherein the disturbance is slow time-varying noise, and the measurement noise is white noise, so that the white noise is prevented from being converted into colored noise, and the least square is changed into biased estimation. And establishing a combined loss function of the noiseless output submodel and the disturbance submodel, and deducing a recursive least square algorithm, wherein the parameters of the noiseless output submodel adopt a multi-innovation theory, so that the convergence speed and the prediction precision of the identification algorithm are improved, and the parameters of the disturbance submodel adopt single innovation, so that the tracking performance of the algorithm is improved. Aiming at different characteristics of a noiseless output submodel and a disturbance submodel, two different forgetting factors are introduced, the introduction of forgetting can improve the convergence rate and the identification precision, and meanwhile, the tracking performance of slow time-varying disturbance is better.
The method for identifying various nonlinear industrial control systems has the advantages of high identification precision, high identification speed, strong robustness and wide applicable scenes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Hammerstein system of the type with perturbed output errors of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the aiding model of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the identification method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the input signals of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of a perturbation signal according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the output signal of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a comparison of the recognition effect of the least squares method of the present invention and the auxiliary model on the first parameter.
FIG. 8 is a comparison of the recognition effect of the least squares method of the present invention and the aided model on the second parameter.
FIG. 9 is a comparison of the identification effect of the least squares method of the present invention and the auxiliary model on the third parameter.
FIG. 10 is a comparison graph of the recognition effect of the least squares method of the present invention and the auxiliary model on the fourth parameter.
FIG. 11 is a comparison graph of the recognition effect of the least square method of the invention and the auxiliary model on the fifth parameter.
FIG. 12 is a comparison graph of the recognition effect of the least square method of the invention and the auxiliary model on the sixth parameter.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-3, one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
A. converting an industrial control system to be identified into a non-linear system model with disturbance, wherein the non-linear system consists of a non-linear link and a linear link, namely a Hammerstein system of an output error type; setting initial valueP(0),P ξ (0),u(k)=0,p,γ 1 And gamma 2 Collecting system input and output data u (k) and y (k);
B. decomposing the non-linear system model with disturbance into two sub-models: the system noiseless output submodel and the disturbance submodel construct a system output vector Y (p, k) and an information vectorInformation matrixDisturbance vector
C. Updating system parametersConstruction ofAndupdating parametersLet k = k +1, return to step a until the cutoff condition is satisfied
D. identifying parameters and disturbances of the industrial control system.
In the step A, u (k) is defined to represent system input, F (u (k)) represents a nonlinear link function, and F (q (k)) represents a nonlinear link function -1 ) Representing a linear element function, x (k) representing the noise-free output of the system,representing the system disturbance, v (k) representing the system output noise, and y (k) representing the system output, the non-linear discrete model with disturbance is as follows:
n a and n b For integer representation of the linear order of the elements, z represents a shifting factor, i.e.
The parameter vector and the information vector defining the system model are as follows:
wherein n is s =n a +n b ×n c ;
The system noiseless output and the system output are respectively represented as,
in step B, the noise-free output submodel and the disturbance submodel of the system are expressed as,
y 1 (k)=x(k)
the output of the system is represented as,
y(k)=y 1 (k)+y 2 (k)+v(k),
the prediction error function is expressed as,
a prediction error vector is defined which is,
wherein, p represents the length of the multiple information,
defining an information matrix, a noise vector, a disturbance vector and a system output vector,
the noiseless output submodel vector, the perturbation submodel vector and the system output vector are represented as,
Y 1 (p,k)=Φ(p,k) T θ(k)
Y(p,k)=Y 1 (p,k)+Y 2 (p,k)+V(p,k),
a loss function is defined that is a function of,
since the non-linear system is decomposed into two submodels, the loss function is updated,
wherein, γ 1 ∈(0,1]And gamma 2 ∈(0,1]A forgetting factor is represented, which is,represents an estimated value of phi (p, i),represents an estimated value of theta (k),representAn estimate of (d).
In step C, the loss function is updated to,
when calculating E (p, k), the last estimated value is utilizedSubstitute forCalculating e 1 (k) Using the last estimated valueInstead of the formerEstablishing an auxiliary model, replacing an unknown variable x (k) with the output of the auxiliary model,
ψ i (k)=[f i (u(k-1)),L,f i (u(k-n b ))]
In step C, before updating the loss function, theThe pre-treatment is carried out, and the pretreatment,
wherein e is a natural base number, and F is a preprocessing function.
After the system model is identified, the system model needs to be verified, the input and output data of the system needs to be collected again, the effectiveness of the identified model is verified by using new data, when the effect is not good, the initial value of the algorithm can be adjusted, and the identification is carried out again until the system model meeting the requirements is obtained.
The advantages of the method provided by the invention are illustrated by taking a hammerstein system model with disturbed output error types converted by a power plant reheater control system as an example. The system model is as follows:
wherein, the parameters to be identified are a = [ -1.22,0.93], B = [0.81,0.73], C = [0.51,0.22], and the input signal u (k) is shown in fig. 4 by using a gaussian random sequence with a mean value 0 and a variance of 1; the perturbation signal is shown in FIG. 5; the output signal y (k) is shown in fig. 6.
The initial value of the method is P (0) =10 6 I 8×8 ,p =6,n =6000. The method provided by the invention and the scholars of Ding F, shi Y, chen T and the like are disclosed in the document "Auxiliary model-based least-squares identification methods for Hammerstein output-error systems [ J].Systems&The system model is identified by an auxiliary model least square method mentioned in Control Letters,2007,56 (5): 373-380', and FIGS. 7-12 prove that the method of the inventionEffectiveness.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A method for identifying a non-linear system with disturbance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. converting an industrial control system to be identified into a non-linear system model with disturbance, wherein the non-linear system consists of a non-linear link and a linear link, namely a Hammerstein system of an output error type; setting initial valueP(0),u(k)=0,p,γ 1 And gamma 2 Collecting system input and output data u (k) and y (k);
B. decomposing the non-linear system model with disturbance into two sub-models: a system noiseless output submodel and a disturbance submodel are used for constructing a system output vector Y (p, k) and an information vectorInformation matrixDisturbance vector
C. Updating system parametersConstruction ofAndupdating parametersLet k = k +1, return to step a until a cutoff condition is satisfied Wherein δ is a non-negative number, or reaches a certain number of samples;
D. identifying parameters and disturbances of the industrial control system;
in the step A, u (k) is defined to represent system input, F (u (k)) represents a nonlinear link function, and F (q) represents a nonlinear link function -1 ) Representing a linear element function, x (k) representing the noise-free output of the system,representing the system disturbance, v (k) representing the system output noise, and y (k) representing the system output, the nonlinear discrete model with disturbance is as follows:
n a and n b For integer representation of the linear ring order, z represents a shifting factor, i.e.
The parameter vector and the information vector defining the system model are as follows:
wherein n is s =n a +n b ×n c ;
The system noiseless output and the system output are respectively represented as,
in the step B, the system noiseless output submodel and the disturbance submodel are expressed as,
y 1 (k)=x(k)
the output of the system is represented as,
y(k)=y 1 (k)+y 2 (k)+v(k),
the prediction error function is expressed as,
a prediction error vector is defined which is,
wherein, p represents the length of the multiple news,
defining an information matrix, a noise vector, a disturbance vector and a system output vector,
the noiseless output sub-model vector, the perturbation sub-model vector and the system output vector are represented as,
Y 1 (p,k)=Φ(p,k) T θ(k)
Y(p,k)=Y 1 (p,k)+Y 2 (p,k)+V(p,k),
a loss function is defined that is a function of,
since the non-linear system is decomposed into two submodels, the loss function is updated,wherein, gamma is 1 ∈(0,1]And gamma 2 ∈(0,1]A forgetting factor is represented and a number of factors,represents an estimated value of phi (p, i),represents an estimated value of theta (k),to representAn estimated value of (d);
in the step C, the loss function is updated as,
when calculating E (p, k), the last estimated value is usedSubstitute forCalculating e 1 (k) Using the last estimated valueSubstitute forEstablishing an auxiliary model, replacing an unknown variable x (k) with the output of the auxiliary model,
ψ i (k)=[f i (u(k-1)),L,f i (u(k-n b ))]
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