CN111426919A - Basin-type insulator detection device based on laser-induced ultrasound - Google Patents
Basin-type insulator detection device based on laser-induced ultrasound Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1209—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using acoustic measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
Abstract
A pot insulator detection device based on laser-induced ultrasound is characterized in that a laser control system controls a laser excitation system to output pulse laser. The pulse laser is directly irradiated on the carbon nano reinforced medium attached to the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected. And the photoelectric detector arranged at the edge of the laser incident path receives the residual light of the pulse laser emitted by the laser excitation system, and the residual light is used as a synchronous trigger signal of the signal detection processing system to start the signal detection processing system to work. The carbon nano reinforced medium generates high-strength and high-frequency ultrasonic signals in the basin-type insulator under the excitation of the pulse laser, and the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer arranged on the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected receives the ultrasonic signals, and the ultrasonic signals are amplified and filtered by the signal detection processing system and then collected by the computer collection system. Decomposing the ultrasonic signals into different frequency ranges by utilizing wavelet packet decomposition, representing the signal state of the defect at a certain depth by utilizing a matrix formed by wavelet packet coefficients, and representing the defect state according to different signal states.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a basin-type insulator detection device.
Background
The main connotation of the non-destructive Testing (NDT) technology is to detect the material, parts and structures of the object to be detected by using the changes of the reaction to heat, sound, light, electricity, magnetism and the like caused by the abnormal structure or defects in the material on the premise of not damaging the service performance of the object to be detected, so as to judge the reliability, integrity, continuity and some physical properties of the object to be detected. Nondestructive testing relates to a plurality of subjects and technical fields such as physics, materials science, electronic information technology and the like.
At present, the conventional detection method for the basin-type insulator comprises ultrasonic detection, pulse current detection, X-ray detection, infrared thermography detection, acoustic emission detection and the like, the traditional detection technology has a good effect in the detection of the basin-type insulator, but any single method cannot realize the high-sensitivity detection of all basin-type insulators, and particularly the detection of the basin-type insulators with fine defects and fatigue damages, so that a quick, accurate, simple and highly sensitive basin-type insulator defect detection device with defect positioning is urgently needed.
Patent No. cn201910405768.x "a GIS basin-type insulator detection device and method based on shell vibration signal" directly utilize electronic circuit to detect the vibration signal of basin-type insulator, the basin-type insulator that contains the defect is compared with intact basin-type insulator, the whole trend of change of the wave form is basically the same, but the wave form amplitude of the basin-type insulator vibration signal that contains the defect is obviously reduced, realize the nondestructive test to basin-type insulator from this. The method has complex detection operation, needs to build a complex electronic circuit, is easy to have misjudgment, is inaccurate in detection and is easy to be interfered by noise signals. In addition, a nondestructive testing method based on ultrasonic signals is also known, for example, in CN201910509272.7, "a method and a system for ultrasonic testing of internal defects of GIS epoxy insulation", the method directly utilizes an ultrasonic instrument to generate ultrasonic signals, and an ultrasonic testing system tests a standard part to obtain a reflected wave waveform of the standard part without defects; and judging the bubbles and cracks in the epoxy insulation by adopting a defect judging method, and then continuously detecting the basin-type insulator along the moving path of the probe. The ultrasonic signal generated by the ultrasonic testing device has a single mode, and can not simultaneously detect the surface defects and the internal defects of the basin-type insulator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of complex operation, high cost, low detection sensitivity and high risk of the existing contact-type nondestructive detection, and provides a pot insulator detection device based on laser-induced ultrasound.
The detection device comprises a laser control system, a laser excitation system, a photoelectric detector, a basin-type insulator to be detected, an ultrasonic receiving system and a signal detection processing system. The laser control system is connected with a laser excitation system, and the laser excitation system comprises a pulse laser, a laser collimation system and an optical lens and is used for realizing excitation of focused laser to the carbon nano-enhanced medium. The carbon nanometer reinforced medium is uniformly coated on the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected, and the coating thickness is less than 100 microns. The ultrasonic receiving system is connected with the output end of the signal detection processing system, and the photoelectric detector receives the residual light of the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser as a synchronous trigger signal of the signal detection processing system to start the signal detection processing system to synchronously work with the laser excitation system and the ultrasonic receiving system. The ultrasonic receiving system adopts the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer to realize non-contact receiving of ultrasonic signals, the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is coupled with the basin-type insulator to be detected through air, and the detection surface of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected.
The invention coats a carbon nano reinforced medium film on the surface of a basin-type insulator to be detected. The laser excitation system comprises a pulse laser, a laser collimation system and an optical lens. The laser excitation system is used for exciting the carbon nano-reinforcing medium by focused laser, a laser beam emitted by the laser pulse laser is superposed with a main shaft of the laser collimator and a main shaft of the optical lens, the laser collimator expands and collimates the laser beam emitted by the pulse laser, and the optical lens focuses the collimated laser beam to enable the focus of the collimated laser beam to be focused on the carbon nano-reinforcing medium film tightly attached to the surface of the basin-type insulator. Because the carbon nano enhanced medium has high photoacoustic conversion efficiency, under a thermoelastic mechanism, the carbon nano enhanced medium film and the surface of the basin-type insulator simultaneously generate broadband ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted inside the basin-type insulator, and an air-coupled ultrasonic transducer arranged on the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected receives ultrasonic wave signals; the detection surface of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected, and the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer receives the ultrasonic signals and then processes the ultrasonic signals by a computer to represent the defect state and reconstruct the distribution of the thermal sound source.
The method for characterizing the defect state is described as follows: the method comprises the steps of decomposing received ultrasonic signals into different frequency ranges by utilizing wavelet packet decomposition, representing the signal state of the defect at a certain depth by utilizing a matrix formed by wavelet packet coefficients, and representing different defect states according to different signal states, thereby realizing the high-sensitivity and rapid nondestructive detection of the defect of the basin-type insulator.
The method for reconstructing the distribution of the thermal sound source comprises the following steps:
the laser irradiates on the carbon nano enhanced medium, and the heat conduction equation of the carbon nano enhanced medium is as follows:
wherein rho is the density of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, C is the specific heat capacity of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, T is the temperature, kappa is the thermal conductivity of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium solid, Q is the laser energy absorbed by the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, and T is the temperature variable;
the displacement equation generated by the ultrasonic signal is as follows:
wherein λ is the lame coefficient of the carbon nano reinforcing medium, μ is the shear modulus of the carbon nano reinforcing medium, u is the displacement vector generated in the basin insulator, β is the thermoelastic coupling coefficient, β ═ α (3 λ +2 μ), α is the thermal expansion coefficient,
is a gradient operator.
The distribution of the thermal sound source β△ T is reconstructed jointly from equation (1) and equation (2).
The detection device of the invention has the following specific working process:
the laser control system is connected with a laser excitation system, the laser control system firstly outputs a synchronous trigger signal, the laser excitation system starts the laser to output pulse laser after receiving the synchronous trigger signal, the energy of the output pulse laser is 100-600mJ, the pulse width is less than 20 microseconds, and the pulse laser is collimated by the laser collimation system and directly irradiates on the carbon nano-reinforcing medium tightly attached to the surface of the basin-type insulator to be detected. And the photoelectric detector arranged at the edge of the laser incident path receives the residual light of the pulse laser emitted by the laser excitation system as a synchronous trigger signal of the signal detection processing system, and starts the signal detection processing system to work. Under the excitation of pulse laser, a carbon nano reinforced medium on the surface of a basin-type insulator to be detected generates high-strength and high-frequency ultrasonic waves inside the basin-type insulator due to a thermoelastic or ablation mechanism, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted inside the basin-type insulator, an air-coupled ultrasonic transducer arranged on the surface of the basin-type insulator is used for receiving ultrasonic signals, a signal detection processing system is used for carrying out pre-amplification, filtering and secondary amplification on the ultrasonic signals received by the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer, then a computer acquisition system is used for acquiring the ultrasonic signals, and then the computer is used for representing the defect state and reconstructing the distribution of a thermal sound source by using the acquired ultrasonic signals.
The carbon nano enhanced medium has the characteristics of high laser absorptivity, high thermal conductivity, low specific heat capacity and high thermal expansion coefficient, and the nano structure of the carbon nano enhanced medium ensures that the carbon nano enhanced medium has extremely high heat transfer rate to the surrounding medium and high Young modulus, so that the carbon nano enhanced medium can be used as a laser ultrasonic transducer to generate high-amplitude and high-frequency ultrasonic signals. Ultrasonic signals propagate in the basin insulator. When the basin-type insulator contains defects such as cracks, bubbles and impurities, the acoustic impedance of the basin-type insulator changes, and the defect state in the basin-type insulator is judged through the received echo signals, so that the nondestructive testing of the basin-type insulator is realized.
The ultrasonic signal generated by the invention has the characteristics of high amplitude, wide frequency, rich acoustic modes and the like, and has high detection precision, high detection efficiency and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
in the figure, a laser control system 1, a laser excitation system 2, a photoelectric detector 3, a basin-type insulator to be detected 4, an ultrasonic receiving system 5 and a signal detection processing system 6 are provided.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the detection device of the present invention includes a laser control system 1, a laser excitation system 2, a photodetector 3, a basin insulator 4 to be detected, an ultrasonic receiving system 5, and a signal detection processing system 6. The laser control system 1 is connected with the laser excitation system 2, and pulse laser emitted by the laser excitation system 2 is focused on the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected. The basin-type insulator 4 to be detected is coupled with the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic receiving system 5 through air; the ultrasonic receiving system 5 is connected to a signal detection processing system 6. The photoelectric detector 3 is arranged at the edge of the laser incidence path and is connected with the signal detection processing system 6.
The detection surface of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is vertical to the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected.
The laser excitation system 2 comprises a laser excitation system which comprises a pulse laser, a laser collimation system and an optical lens and is used for realizing the excitation of the focused laser to the carbon nano-enhanced medium. The laser beam emitted by the pulse laser coincides with the main shaft of the laser alignment system and the main shaft of the optical lens, the laser alignment system expands and aligns the laser beam emitted by the pulse laser, and then the optical lens focuses the aligned laser beam to enable the focus of the aligned laser beam to be focused on the carbon nano enhanced medium uniformly coated on the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected.
The photoelectric detector 3 receives the residual light of the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser as a synchronous trigger signal of the signal detection processing system 6, and starts the signal detection processing system 6 to work synchronously with the laser excitation system 2 and the ultrasonic receiving system 5. The carbon nanoreinforcement media is coated to a thickness of less than 100 microns. Due to the high laser ultrasonic conversion efficiency of the carbon nano enhanced medium, high-strength and high-frequency ultrasonic signals are generated inside the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected, the ultrasonic signals are transmitted inside the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected, the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer arranged on the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected receives the ultrasonic signals, the detection surface of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected, and the computer is used for processing the ultrasonic signals after the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer receives the ultrasonic signals to represent the defect state and reestablish the distribution of the heat sound source.
The detection device of the invention has the following specific working process:
the laser control system 1 firstly outputs a synchronous trigger signal, the laser excitation system 2 starts the laser to output pulse laser after receiving the synchronous trigger signal, the output pulse laser energy is 100-600mJ, the pulse width is less than 20 microseconds, the pulse laser is collimated by the optical lens and the laser collimation system and is focused on the carbon nano enhanced medium tightly attached to the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected. The photoelectric detector 3 arranged at the edge of the laser incident path receives the residual light of the pulse laser emitted by the laser excitation system 2, and the residual light is used as a synchronous trigger signal of the signal detection processing system 6, so that the signal detection processing system 6, the laser excitation system 2 and the ultrasonic receiving system 5 are started to synchronously work; the coating thickness of the carbon nano enhanced medium on the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected is less than 100 microns, under the excitation of pulse laser, high-strength and high-frequency ultrasonic waves are generated inside the basin-type insulator due to a thermal elasticity or ablation mechanism of the carbon nano enhanced medium, and the ultrasonic waves are transmitted inside the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected. The detection surface of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected, the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer placed on the surface of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected receives ultrasonic signals, the signal detection processing system 6 conducts pre-amplification, filtering and secondary amplification on the ultrasonic signals received by the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer, the computer acquisition system acquires the ultrasonic signals, and then the computer uses the acquired ultrasonic signals to represent defect states and rebuild the distribution of a thermal sound source.
The method for characterizing the defect state is described as follows: firstly, decomposing the acquired ultrasonic signals into different frequency ranges by utilizing wavelet packet decomposition, representing the signal state of the defect at a certain depth by utilizing a matrix formed by wavelet packet coefficients, and representing different defect states according to different signal states to realize the nondestructive detection of the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected.
The reconstruction method of the distribution of the reconstructed thermal sound source comprises the following steps:
the laser irradiates on the carbon nanometer reinforced medium, and the heat conduction process of the carbon nanometer reinforced medium can be expressed as:
wherein rho is the density of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, C is the specific heat capacity of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, T is the temperature, kappa is the thermal conductivity of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium solid, Q is the laser energy absorbed by the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, and T is the temperature variable. Because the laser pulse width is very short, the thermal stress generated by the thermoelastic mechanism or the ablation mechanism causes uneven temperature distribution, so that a displacement field is generated in the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected:
wherein λ is the lame coefficient of the carbon nano reinforcing medium, μ is the shear modulus of the carbon nano reinforcing medium, u is the displacement vector generated in the basin insulator, β is the thermoelastic coupling coefficient, β ═ α (3 λ +2 μ), α is the thermal expansion coefficient,
is a gradient operator.
The basin-type insulator 4 to be detected is a solid medium, and ultrasonic propagation is body wave, so that a displacement field can be decomposed into a longitudinal wave equation (3) and a transverse wave equation (4):
wherein the velocity of longitudinal wave
Velocity of transverse wave
For laplace operators, Φ is the potential function of the longitudinal wave Ψ is the potential function of the shear wave, t is time, subscript L denotes the longitudinal wave, and S denotes the shear wave.
And solving the thermoacoustic source generated in the basin-type insulator 4 to be detected by combining the equation (5) and the equation (6) and solving the equation (3) and the equation (4)
And (4) distribution.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a benzvalene form insulator detection device based on laser-induced supersound which characterized in that: the detection device comprises a laser control system (1), a laser excitation system (2), a photoelectric detector (3), a basin-type insulator to be detected (4), an ultrasonic receiving system (5) and a signal detection processing system (6), wherein the laser control system (1) is connected with the laser excitation system (2), pulse laser emitted by the laser excitation system (2) is focused on the basin-type insulator to be detected (4), and the basin-type insulator to be detected (4) is coupled with an air-coupled ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic receiving system (5) through air; the ultrasonic receiving system (5) receives the ultrasonic signals and then processes the ultrasonic signals through the signal detection processing system (6); the photoelectric detector (3) is arranged at the edge of the laser incident path and is connected with the signal detection processing system (6) to provide a synchronous trigger signal for the detection signal processing system.
2. The sensing device of claim 1, wherein: the laser excitation system (2) comprises a pulse laser, a laser collimation system and an optical lens; the laser excitation system (2) is used for exciting the carbon nano-reinforcing medium by focused laser, a laser beam emitted by the pulse laser coincides with a main shaft of the laser collimation system and a main shaft of the optical lens, the laser collimation system expands and collimates the laser beam emitted by the pulse laser, and the optical lens focuses the collimated laser beam to enable the focus of the collimated laser beam to be focused on the carbon nano-reinforcing medium uniformly coated on the surface of the basin-type insulator (4) to be detected.
3. The sensing device of claim 1, wherein: the photoelectric detector (3) receives the residual light of the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser as a synchronous trigger signal of the signal detection processing system (6), and the signal detection processing system (6), the laser excitation system (2) and the ultrasonic receiving system (5) are started to synchronously work.
4. The sensing device of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic signal is transmitted inside the basin-type insulator (4) to be detected, and the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer arranged on the surface of the basin-type insulator (4) to be detected receives the ultrasonic signal; the detection surface of the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the surface of the basin-type insulator (4) to be detected, and the air-coupled ultrasonic transducer receives ultrasonic signals and then processes the ultrasonic signals by a computer to represent defect states and reconstruct the distribution of a thermal sound source.
5. The sensing device of claim 4, wherein: the method for representing the defect state comprises the steps of utilizing wavelet packet decomposition to decompose received ultrasonic signals into different frequency ranges, representing the signal state of the defect at a certain depth by using a matrix formed by wavelet packet coefficients, representing different defect states according to different signal states, and realizing nondestructive testing of the basin-type insulator to be tested.
6. The sensing device of claim 4, wherein: the method for reconstructing the distribution of the thermal sound source comprises the following steps:
the laser irradiates on the carbon nano enhanced medium, and the heat conduction equation of the carbon nano enhanced medium is as follows:
wherein rho is the density of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, C is the specific heat capacity of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, T is the temperature, kappa is the thermal conductivity of the carbon nano-reinforcing medium solid, Q is the laser energy absorbed by the carbon nano-reinforcing medium, and T is the temperature variable;
the displacement equation generated by the ultrasonic signal is as follows:
wherein λ is the lame coefficient of the carbon nano reinforcing medium, μ is the shear modulus of the carbon nano reinforcing medium, u is the displacement vector generated in the basin insulator, β is the thermoelastic coupling coefficient, β ═ α (3 λ +2 μ), α is the thermal expansion coefficient,
is a gradient operator;
the distribution of the thermal sound source β Δ T is reconstructed jointly from equation (1) and equation (2).
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