CN111426809A - Method for determining CO required in rice package2Method of concentration - Google Patents
Method for determining CO required in rice package2Method of concentration Download PDFInfo
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- CN111426809A CN111426809A CN202010347512.0A CN202010347512A CN111426809A CN 111426809 A CN111426809 A CN 111426809A CN 202010347512 A CN202010347512 A CN 202010347512A CN 111426809 A CN111426809 A CN 111426809A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
- G01N33/10—Starch-containing substances, e.g. dough
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/16—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
- G06Q10/06395—Quality analysis or management
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product production and processing, and discloses a method for determining CO required in rice packaging2A method of concentration comprising the steps of: s1, determining the content of reducing sugar in rice to obtain the content X of the reducing sugar1(ii) a S2, determining fatty acid value in rice to obtain fatty acid value X2(ii) a S3, measuring the moisture content in the rice to obtain the moisture content X3(ii) a S4, measuring the quality of the rice to obtain a rated value Y of the quality of the rice; s5, determining the required CO2Concentration X4：X4＝4.032Y+68.472X1‑2.89X2+2.887X3-276.73; the method provides prediction and evaluation standard for air-charging storage and preservation of riceAccurately and conveniently calculating CO required by packaging different batches and varieties of rice2Concentration is achieved, the reduction of CO is achieved2The dosage and the production cost, and the effect of reasonably saving resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to agricultural productsThe technical field of product production and processing, in particular to a method for measuring CO required in rice packaging2And (3) concentration method.
Background
Statistically, the current global rice production is about 5 million tons, most of which are consumed directly by humans after primary processing packaging. Rice is one of the most difficult products to preserve in grains, because the rice hulls and the skin layers protecting the endosperm are removed during rice processing, so that the endosperm is directly in the external environment; in addition, rice grains, as a hydrophilic colloidal substance rich in nutrients such as starch and protein, are easily deteriorated by moisture, heat, oxygen, insects, mold and the like. The aim of keeping the rice fresh is to delay the aging of the rice and prevent the phenomena of insect generation, mildew growth and the like of the rice during the storage, circulation and storage.
At present, the conventional storage and preservation methods of rice mainly comprise low-temperature storage, modified atmosphere storage, chemical storage, biological preservation and the like, and the modified atmosphere storage comprises a natural hypoxia method and CO filling2Method and charge N2Methods and vacuum methods. Wherein, the controlled atmosphere storage of the rice can effectively avoid the problem of chemical residue caused by harmful medicaments, realize ecological storage and achieve the purposes of safety and no pollution; at the same time, CO is charged2The method can inhibit rice respiration, slow rice aging rate, and effectively prevent mold and pest from invading rice. Thus, CO is charged2The method has become the most prominent storage method in rice scale processing at present.
However, the air-conditioned storage has the problems of high technical content, high cost, high facility and equipment requirements and the like. In addition, most manufacturers currently use CO-charging2CO is not accurately calculated in most cases when rice is preserved by the method2Aerated concentration, but directly CO in the bag2In a saturated state, although this can achieve the preservation effect, CO is present2Large amount, high production cost, much resource waste and the like, thereby being not beneficial to the profit of enterprises.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need in the art to develop a method for determining the CO required in rice packaging2Concentration method, thereby solving CO in rice production2Large dosage, high production cost, much resource waste and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for measuring CO required in rice package2Concentration method to at least achieve CO reduction2The dosage and the production cost, and the effect of reasonably saving resources.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: method for determining CO required in rice package2A method of concentration comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the content of reducing sugar in rice to obtain the content X of the reducing sugar1；
S2, determining fatty acid value in rice to obtain fatty acid value X2；
S3, measuring the moisture content in the rice to obtain the moisture content X3；
S4, measuring the quality of the rice to obtain a rated value Y of the quality of the rice;
s5, determining the required CO2Concentration X4：X4＝4.032Y+68.472X1-2.89X2+2.887X3-276.73。
Further, in S1, the reducing sugar content X1The determination method comprises the following steps:
s1-1, crushing and uniformly mixing rice to obtain a sample I;
s1-2, taking the sample I and water, sequentially adding the sample I and the water into a volumetric flask, heating the sample in a water bath under the condition of intermittent oscillation, then cooling, adding the water to the scale, uniformly mixing the mixture again, and standing the mixture to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant; wherein the water bath heating temperature is 40-55 ℃, and the time is 1 h;
s1-3, taking the supernatant, the zinc acetate solution and the potassium ferrocyanide solution, sequentially adding the supernatant, the zinc acetate solution and the potassium ferrocyanide solution into another volumetric flask, adding water to the scales, uniformly mixing, and sequentially standing and filtering to obtain a filtrate; wherein the standing time is 30-60 min;
s1-4, heating the filtrate to boiling within 90-150S to obtain a solution to be detected for later use;
s1-5, heating the glucose standard solution of 1g/m L within 90-150S until boiling to obtain a calibration solution for later use;
s1-6, mixing the alkaline copper tartrate solution A and the alkaline copper tartrate solution B with water, and equally dividing into two parts to obtain a solution I to be titrated and a solution II to be titrated;
s1-7, dropwise adding the calibration solution into the solution I to be titrated until the blue color of the solution I to be titrated just fades, and recording the volume difference V of the calibration solution before and after titration1(ii) a Wherein the speed of dripping the calibration solution is 0.5-1 drops per second-1；
S1-8, dropwise adding the liquid to be detected into the solution II to be titrated until the blue color of the solution II to be titrated is just faded, and recording the volume difference V of the liquid to be detected before and after titration2(ii) a Wherein the speed of dripping the liquid to be detected is 0.5-1 drops per second-1；
S1-9, repeating the steps S1-6-S1-8 for 3 times;
s1-10, taking 3 groups of the volume difference V1Calculating the mass of the glucose consumed by the solution I to be titrated;
s1-11, taking 3 groups of the volume difference V2Calculating the content of reducing sugar:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
X1-the reducing sugar content in g/100 g;
m1-the mass of glucose consumed by the solution i to be titrated is in g;
m-mass of the sample I in g;
f — coefficient, F ═ 0.8;
v-said volume difference V2In m L;
v' -constant volume, unit m L.
Further, in S1-3, the volume ratio of the supernatant to the zinc acetate solution to the potassium ferrocyanide solution is 40:1: 1;
in S1-6, the volume ratio of the basic copper tartrate solution A to the basic copper tartrate solution B to the water is 1:1: 2.
Further, in S2, the fatty acid value X2The method (2) is based on GB/T29405-2012.
Further, in S3, the moisture content X3The determination method comprises the following steps:
s3-1, grinding the rice to obtain a sample II;
s3-2, weighing 5.000-10.000 g of the sample II, primarily drying the sample II, cooling and weighing;
s3-3, drying the sample II obtained in the step S3-2 again, cooling and weighing;
s3-4, repeating the step S3-3 for a plurality of times until the mass difference between the two times is not more than 0.002g, and calculating to obtain the moisture content X3。
Further, in S3-2, the temperature of the primary drying is 100-105 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2 hours;
in S3-3, the temperature for re-drying is 100-105 ℃ and the time is 0.5-1 h.
Further, in S4, the rice quality is the quality of rice obtained after 18 months of storage.
Further, in S4, the rice quality measurement method includes establishing an evaluation table according to an evaluation index, assigning a fine-grading rule to the evaluation index, and obtaining a rated score Y of the rice quality according to the fine-grading rule.
Further, the evaluation indexes include smell, appearance, palatability, taste and texture.
Further, the appearance includes color, luster, and integrity, and the palatability includes viscosity, elasticity, and softness.
Further, the rating refinement is shown in the following table:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a method for measuring CO needed in rice package2The concentration method provides a prediction evaluation standard for the inflation storage and fresh keeping of the rice, and firstly proposes that the CO required in the rice package is determined by measuring the content of each index (reducing sugar content, fatty acid value, water content and rated value of rice quality) of the rice2Concentration so that the quality of the rice after storage can meet the prediction and evaluation standard.
2. The invention relates to a method for measuring CO needed in rice package2The concentration method can accurately and conveniently calculate the CO required by packaging different batches of rice and different varieties of rice2Concentration is achieved, the reduction of CO is achieved2The dosage and the production cost, and the effect of reasonably saving resources.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in further detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Examples
Method for determining CO required in rice package2A method of concentration comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the content of reducing sugar in rice, comprising the following steps:
s1-1, crushing and uniformly mixing rice to obtain a sample I;
s1-2, weighing 10.000-20.000 g of sample I, placing the sample I into a 250m L volumetric flask, adding 200m L water, heating in a water bath at 45 ℃ for 1h, intermittently oscillating during the heating, cooling, adding water to the scale, uniformly mixing again, and standing to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant;
s1-3, sucking 200m of L supernate, placing the supernate into another 250m L volumetric flask, adding 5m of L zinc acetate solution and 5m of L potassium ferrocyanide solution, adding water to scale, uniformly mixing, standing for 30min, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
s1-4, heating the filtrate to boiling within 2min to obtain a solution to be detected for later use;
s1-5, heating the glucose standard solution of 1g/m L within 2min to boil to obtain a calibration solution for later use;
s1-6, mixing 10m L alkaline copper tartrate solution A, 10m L alkaline copper tartrate solution B and 20m L water, and equally dividing into two parts to obtain a solution I to be titrated and a solution II to be titrated;
s1-7, adding 2-4 glass beads into the solution I to be titrated, and dropping the solution at 0.5S-1The calibration solution is dripped at the speed until the blue color of the solution I to be titrated just fades, and the volume difference V of the calibration solution before and after titration is recorded1；
S1-8, adding 2-4 glass beads into the solution II to be titrated, and then dropping 0.5 drops S-1Dropwise adding the solution to be detected until the blue color of the solution II to be titrated just fades, and recording the volume difference V of the solution to be detected before and after titration2；
S1-9, repeating the steps S1-6-S1-8 for 3 times;
s1-10, take 3 groups of volume difference V1Calculating the mass of the glucose consumed by the solution I to be titrated;
s1-11, take 3 groups of volume difference V2Calculating the content of reducing sugar:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
X1-reducing sugar content in g/100 g;
m1the mass of glucose consumed by the solution I to be titrated is g;
m is the mass of sample I in g;
f — coefficient, F ═ 0.8;
v-volume difference V2In m L;
250-constant volume, unit m L;
s2. according to GB-T29405-2012 to obtain the fatty acid value X of the rice2；
S3, measuring the moisture content in the rice, comprising the following steps:
s3-1, grinding the rice to obtain a sample II;
s3-2, weighing 5.000g of sample II, drying at 100-105 ℃ for 1.5h, cooling and weighing;
s3-3, drying the sample II obtained in the step S3-2 at the temperature of 100-105 ℃ for 0.5h, cooling and weighing;
s3-4, repeating the step S3-3 for a plurality of times until the mass difference between the two times is not more than 0.002g, and calculating to obtain the moisture content X3；
S4, establishing an evaluation table according to the evaluation indexes, giving a grade fine rule to the evaluation indexes, and obtaining a rated value Y of the quality of the rice after being stored for 18 months according to the grade fine rule, wherein the grade fine rule is as follows:
s5, determining the required CO2Concentration X4：X4＝4.032Y+68.472X1-2.89X2+2.887X3-276.73。
Test effects
The above examples were carried out using rice of 4 different types produced in different places of origin, and the results are shown in the following table:
| group of | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Rating for predicting rice quality | 82 | 92 | 90 | 87 |
| Content of reducing sugar% | 0.33 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.3 |
| Fatty acid value mgKOH/100g | 12.2 | 18.6 | 16.7 | 15.7 |
| Water content% | 14.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 15.2 |
| CO2Concentration% | 82.3 | 91 | 94 | 93 |
| Rated value of actual rice quality | 84 | 93 | 92 | 86 |
| Error of the measurement | 2.44％ | 1.09％ | 2.22％ | -1.15％ |
As can be seen from the above table, each group of CO determined according to the method of the present invention2Concentration, the quality of the rice obtained after storing and packaging the rice for 18 months is very close to the predicted quality, the error is not more than 2.5 percent, therefore, the CO obtained by the method of the invention2The concentration is very accurate.
In conclusion, the invention relates to a method for determining CO required in rice package2The concentration method can accurately and conveniently calculate the CO required by packaging different batches of rice and different varieties of rice2Concentration is achieved, the reduction of CO is achieved2The dosage and the production cost, and the effect of reasonably saving resources.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Method for determining CO required in rice package2A method of concentration, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the content of reducing sugar in rice to obtain the content X of the reducing sugar1；
S2, determining fatty acid value in rice to obtain fatty acid value X2；
S3, measuring the moisture content in the rice to obtain the moisture content X3；
S4, measuring the quality of the rice to obtain a rated value Y of the quality of the rice;
s5, determining the required CO2Concentration X4：X4＝4.032Y+68.472X1-2.89X2+2.887X3-276.73。
2. The method for determining CO required in rice package according to claim 12Method for concentration, characterized in that in S1, the reducing sugar content X1The determination method comprises the following steps:
s1-1, crushing and uniformly mixing rice to obtain a sample I;
s1-2, taking the sample I and water, sequentially adding the sample I and the water into a volumetric flask, heating the sample I in a water bath under the condition of intermittent oscillation, then cooling, adding water to the scale, uniformly mixing the sample I and the water again, and standing the mixture to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant;
s1-3, taking the supernatant, the zinc acetate solution and the potassium ferrocyanide solution, sequentially adding the supernatant, the zinc acetate solution and the potassium ferrocyanide solution into another volumetric flask, adding water to the scales, uniformly mixing, and sequentially standing and filtering to obtain a filtrate;
s1-4, heating the filtrate to boiling within 90-150S to obtain a solution to be detected for later use;
s1-5, heating the glucose standard solution of 1g/m L within 90-150S until boiling to obtain a calibration solution for later use;
s1-6, mixing the alkaline copper tartrate solution A and the alkaline copper tartrate solution B with water, and equally dividing into two parts to obtain a solution I to be titrated and a solution II to be titrated;
s1-7, dropwise adding the calibration solution into the solution I to be titrated until the blue color of the solution I to be titrated just fades, and recording the volume difference V of the calibration solution before and after titration1；
S1-8, dropwise adding the solution to be detected into the solution II to be titrated untilUntil the blue color of the solution II to be titrated just fades, recording the volume difference V of the solution to be titrated before and after titration2；
S1-9, repeating the steps S1-6-S1-8 for 3 times;
s1-10, taking 3 groups of the volume difference V1Calculating the mass of the glucose consumed by the solution I to be titrated;
s1-11, taking 3 groups of the volume difference V2Calculating the content of reducing sugar:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
X1-the reducing sugar content in g/100 g;
m1-the mass of glucose consumed by the solution i to be titrated is in g;
m-mass of the sample I in g;
f — coefficient, F ═ 0.8;
v-said volume difference V2In m L;
v' -constant volume, unit m L.
3. A method of determining CO required in rice packaging according to claim 22The concentration method is characterized in that in S1-3, the volume ratio of the supernatant to the zinc acetate solution to the potassium ferrocyanide solution is 40:1: 1;
in S1-6, the volume ratio of the basic copper tartrate solution A to the basic copper tartrate solution B to the water is 1:1: 2.
4. The method for determining CO required in rice package according to claim 12A method for concentration, wherein in S2, the fatty acid value X is2The method (2) is based on GB/T29405-2012.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1Determination of CO required in Rice packaging2Method of concentration, characterized in that in S3, the moisture content X3The determination method comprises the following steps:
s3-1, grinding the rice to obtain a sample II;
s3-2, weighing 5.000-10.000 g of the sample II, primarily drying the sample II, cooling and weighing;
s3-3, drying the sample II obtained in the step S3-2 again, cooling and weighing;
s3-4, repeating the step S3-3 for a plurality of times until the mass difference between the two times is not more than 0.002g, and calculating to obtain the moisture content X3。
6. A method of determining CO required in rice packaging according to claim 52The concentration method is characterized in that in S3-2, the temperature of primary drying is 100-105 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2 h;
in S3-3, the temperature for re-drying is 100-105 ℃ and the time is 0.5-1 h.
7. The method for determining CO required in rice package according to claim 12A method for controlling concentration, wherein in S4, the quality of rice is the quality of rice obtained after 18 months of storage.
8. The method for determining CO required in rice package according to claim 12The method for measuring rice quality in S4 is characterized in that a rating table is created based on an evaluation index, a fine-grading rule is assigned to the evaluation index, and a rating Y of rice quality is obtained based on the fine-grading rule.
9. The method for determining CO required in rice package according to claim 12Method of concentration, characterized in that said evaluation criteria comprise odor, appearance, palatability, taste and texture.
10. According to claimA method of determining CO required in rice packaging as claimed in claim 12Method of concentration characterized in that said appearance comprises color, gloss and integrity and said palatability comprises viscosity, elasticity and hardness.
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