CN111424378A - Nano fiber membrane for mask and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Nano fiber membrane for mask and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111424378A
CN111424378A CN202010332597.5A CN202010332597A CN111424378A CN 111424378 A CN111424378 A CN 111424378A CN 202010332597 A CN202010332597 A CN 202010332597A CN 111424378 A CN111424378 A CN 111424378A
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China
Prior art keywords
nanofiber membrane
layer
mask
woven fabric
base
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CN202010332597.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨永生
琚河同
郭亮
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Henan Manborui New Material Technology Co ltd
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Henan Manborui New Material Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010332597.5A priority Critical patent/CN111424378A/en
Publication of CN111424378A publication Critical patent/CN111424378A/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00Other non-woven fabrics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02Layered materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/14Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0001Making filtering elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/54Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
    • B01D46/543Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01Films or sheets
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0076Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
    • D01D5/0084Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4318Fluorine series
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning

Abstract

The invention discloses a nanofiber membrane for a mask and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the nanofiber membrane comprises a base layer and a nanofiber membrane layer arranged on the base layer, the base layer is made of non-woven fabric, and the nanofiber membrane layer is combined with the base layer in an electrostatic spinning mode; the diameter of the fiber of the nano fiber film layer is 50-200 nm, and the aperture is 30-90 nm. The nanofiber membrane for the mask is a material which can replace melt-blown cloth to be used as a middle filter layer of the mask by combining the nanofiber membrane with the non-woven cloth through an electrostatic spinning technology, and has the advantages of better air permeability, equivalent or better filtering effect as the melt-blown cloth, longer protection time and lower cost.

Description

Nano fiber membrane for mask and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mask raw materials, in particular to a nanofiber membrane for a mask and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The mask is a sanitary article, is worn at the mouth and nose part and is used for filtering air entering the mouth and nose so as to achieve the effect of blocking harmful gas, smell and spray from entering and exiting the mouth and nose of a wearer, has a certain filtering effect on the air entering the lung, and can achieve the effective protective effect by wearing a proper mask when respiratory infectious diseases are prevalent or work is carried out in the environment polluted by dust and the like.
The filter layer in the middle of the existing mask generally adopts melt-blown cloth, the melt-blown cloth mainly adopts polypropylene as a main raw material, the melt-blown cloth has more gaps and a fluffy structure, and the superfine fiber with a unique capillary structure increases the fiber quantity and the surface area in unit area, so that the melt-blown cloth has good filterability, shielding property and oil absorption property. The charge adsorption capacity of the melt-blown cloth is weakened along with the change of time and environment, so that the filtering function is gradually weakened, and therefore, the mask needs to be replaced when being worn for 2 to 4 hours in places with dense pollutants and strict protection requirements.
However, when respiratory infectious diseases are epidemic, the demand of the mask is increased rapidly, the yield of melt-blown cloth is insufficient, the production requirement of the mask cannot be met, and the protection work is difficult; meanwhile, the price of the raw materials of the melt-blown cloth on the market is greatly increased, so that the cost of the mask is increased, and the mask is not favorable for the stability of the market. Therefore, it is necessary to research a raw material which has low cost and good filtering effect and can replace melt-blown cloth as a mask filtering layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nanofiber membrane for a mask and a manufacturing method thereof, which have low cost and good filtering effect and can replace melt-blown cloth as a mask filtering layer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
designing a nanofiber membrane for a mask, which comprises a base layer and a nanofiber membrane layer arranged on the base layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabric, and the nanofiber membrane layer is combined with the base layer in an electrostatic spinning mode; the diameter of the fiber of the nanofiber membrane layer is 50-200 nanometers, and the pore diameter is 30-90 nanometers.
The nanofiber membrane for the mask is characterized in that the nanofiber membrane layer is combined with the non-woven fabric in an electrostatic spinning mode, the nanofiber membrane layer is smaller in fiber diameter and smaller in pore size, fibers are distributed disorderly and randomly, so that the nanofiber membrane has a larger specific surface area and higher porosity, the physical filtering capacity is higher than that of melt-blown fabric, and the nanofiber membrane is made of electrostatic spinning and has good electrostatic adsorption filtering capacity, so that the nanofiber membrane has the functions of physical filtering and electrostatic adsorption filtering, and is a filtering layer capable of replacing the melt-blown fabric as the middle layer of the mask.
Preferably, the nanofiber membrane is used as a middle isolation layer of the mask, wherein the nanofiber membrane layer is adjacent to the inner layer of the mask, and the base layer is adjacent to the outer layer of the mask.
Preferably, the nanofiber membrane layer has a porosity of 60-80%, so that the nanofiber membrane layer has good air permeability.
Preferably, the thickness of the base layer is 45-55 microns, and the thickness of the nanofiber membrane layer is 3-5 microns.
Under the same filtering condition, the nanofiber membrane is lighter and thinner than melt-blown cloth and has better air permeability; in the prior art, the melt-blown cloth generally increases a certain thickness to meet the requirement of a filtering effect, so that the manufactured mask is thicker and heavier, and the problems of poor air permeability, stuffiness, air leakage from two sides of the mask and the like can be caused.
Preferably, the nanofiber membrane layer takes polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material.
Preferably, the polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used for each square meter of the nanofiber membrane layer is 2-4 grams. The material consumption of the nanofiber membrane layer per square meter is very little, and the prepared nanofiber membrane filter layer is lighter and thinner and has lower cost.
The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the nanofiber membrane for the mask, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mounting the base material non-woven fabric on a feeding roller of an electrostatic spinning machine, and winding the movable end of the base material non-woven fabric on a winding roller by bypassing a middle transition roller;
(2) the electrostatic spinning machine takes polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material, and a nano fiber film layer is formed by spraying the polyvinylidene fluoride to one side of the base material non-woven fabric through a spray head;
(3) and cutting and rolling the substrate non-woven fabric with the formed nanofiber membrane layer to obtain the nanofiber membrane product for the mask.
Wherein, the polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used for preparing the nano fiber film layer of each square meter is 2 to 4 grams; the thickness of the base material non-woven fabric is 45-55 microns, and the thickness of the nanofiber membrane layer is 3-5 microns; the diameter of the fiber of the nanofiber membrane layer is 50-200 nanometers, the pore diameter is 30-90 nanometers, and the porosity is 60-80%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the nanofiber membrane for the mask is combined with the non-woven fabric by adopting the electrostatic spinning technology to form the middle filter layer of the mask capable of replacing melt-blown fabric, the double functions of physical filtration and electrostatic adsorption filtration are combined, the filtering effect is good, the air permeability is good and light and thin, the filtering effect is equivalent to or better than that of the melt-blown fabric, the protection time is longer, and the cost is lower.
The fiber diameter of the melt-blown cloth is generally 1-5 microns, while the fiber diameter of the nanofiber membrane is 50-200 nanometers, the pore diameter is 30-90 nanometers, the fibers are finer, the gaps are smaller, and the material filtering effect is better; the nanofiber membrane is prepared by electrostatic spinning, so that the nanofiber membrane has the functions of physical filtration and electrostatic adsorption filtration, the filtration effect is not influenced by electric charges, the problem that the filtration effect is reduced due to electric charge attenuation generated by the melt-blown cloth along with time and environmental changes is solved, and compared with the melt-blown cloth, the protection time can be prolonged by 20 times. The nanofiber membrane is lower in cost and higher in production speed than melt-blown cloth, the productivity of the nanofiber membrane for the mask can reach 500 kilograms every day, 50 thousands of nanofiber membranes can be supplied for the mask to produce, the problem that the melt-blown cloth greatly rises due to market demand price can be solved, and the nanofiber membrane is a substitute product with good filtering performance and higher cost performance.
The nanofiber membrane protective mask for the mask breaks through the limitation that only melt-blown cloth can be adopted as the middle filter layer of the existing mask, and the nanofiber membrane filter layer is applied to mask production, so that the market is stabilized, the problems of raw material price rising and mask cost improvement caused by unbalanced supply and demand are solved, and the problem of mask supply shortage caused by insufficient supply of raw materials is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nanofiber membrane for a mask according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the fiber structure of the nanofiber membrane layer;
in the figure, reference numeral 1 is a base layer; and 2 is a nanofiber membrane layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. The apparatus elements referred to in the following examples are, unless otherwise specified, conventional apparatus elements; the industrial raw materials are all conventional industrial raw materials which are sold on the market, if not specifically mentioned.
Example 1: a nanofiber membrane for a mask is shown in figure 1 and comprises a base layer 1 and a nanofiber membrane layer 2 arranged on the base layer 1, wherein the base layer 1 is made of non-woven fabric, and the nanofiber membrane layer 2 is combined with the base layer 1 in an electrostatic spinning mode; the diameter of the fiber of the nano fiber film layer 2 is 50-200 nm, and the aperture is 30-90 nm. Wherein, the porosity of the nanofiber membrane layer 2 is 60-80%; the thickness of the base layer 1 is 50 microns and the thickness of the nanofiber membrane layer 2 is 4 microns. The nanofiber membrane layer 2 takes polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material, and the polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used by the nanofiber membrane layer 2 per square meter is 3 g.
The nanofiber membrane is used as a middle isolation layer of the mask, wherein the nanofiber membrane layer 2 is adjacent to an inner layer of the mask, and the base layer 1 is adjacent to an outer layer of the mask.
Example 2: a nanofiber membrane for a mask, which is different from example 1 in that the thickness of a base layer 1 was 45 μm and the thickness of a nanofiber membrane layer 2 was 3 μm. The polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used for each square meter of the nano-fiber film layer 2 is 2 g.
Example 3: a nanofiber membrane for a mask, which is different from example 1 in that the thickness of a base layer 1 was 55 μm and the thickness of a nanofiber membrane layer 2 was 5 μm. The polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used for each square meter of the nano-fiber film layer 2 is 4 g.
Example 4: a method for manufacturing a nanofiber membrane for a mask comprises the following steps:
(1) mounting the base material non-woven fabric on a feeding roller of an electrostatic spinning machine, and winding the movable end of the base material non-woven fabric on a winding roller by bypassing a middle transition roller;
(2) the electrostatic spinning machine takes polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material, and a nano fiber film layer is formed by spraying the polyvinylidene fluoride to one side of the base material non-woven fabric through a spray head;
(3) and cutting and rolling the substrate non-woven fabric with the formed nanofiber membrane layer to obtain the nanofiber membrane product for the mask.
Wherein, the polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used for preparing the nano-fiber film layer of each square meter in the step (2) is 2-4 g; the thickness of the base material non-woven fabric is 45-55 microns, the thickness of the nano fiber film layer is 3-5 microns, the fiber diameter of the nano fiber film layer is 50-200 nanometers, the pore diameter is 30-90 nanometers, and the porosity is 60-80%.
The mask using the nanofiber membrane for the mask of the invention is tested according to the standard of YY 0469 + 2011 medical surgical mask, and the test items of Particle Filtration Efficiency (PFE) and pressure difference (△ P) are as follows:
Figure 637860DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
according to the test results, the nano fiber membrane provided by the invention is used as the middle isolation layer of the mask, the filtering efficiency of the nano fiber membrane on non-oily particles reaches more than 78%, and the nano fiber membrane meets the particle filtering efficiency detection standard of YY 0469 plus 2011 medical surgical mask; the maximum pressure difference between two side surfaces of the mask is only 38Pa, which shows that the nanofiber membrane has better air permeability, cannot generate the problems of air tightness and air impermeability when being used as the middle layer of the mask, and can avoid the problem that the protection performance of the mask is reduced because the exhaled air escapes from two sides of the mask due to poor air permeability.
The mask using the nanofiber membrane for the mask is tested by adopting the standard of GB 19083-: "filtration efficiency", "airflow resistance", test results are as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
from the above detection results, it can be seen that the filtering efficiency of the mask for the non-oily particles reaches 95% under the condition that the gas flow rate is 85L/min, and the air suction resistance of the mask completely meets the detection standard, which indicates that the filtering effect and the air permeability of the mask are both good by adopting the nanofiber membrane layer as the middle filtering layer of the mask.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes can be made in the specific parameters of the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and that various specific embodiments can be made, which are common variations of the present invention and will not be described in detail herein.

Claims (10)

1. The nanofiber membrane for the mask is characterized by comprising a base layer and a nanofiber membrane layer arranged on the base layer, wherein the base layer is made of non-woven fabric, and the nanofiber membrane layer is combined with the base layer in an electrostatic spinning mode; the diameter of the fiber of the nanofiber membrane layer is 50-200 nanometers, and the pore diameter is 30-90 nanometers.
2. The nanofiber membrane for masks according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiber membrane is used as a barrier layer in a mask, wherein the nanofiber membrane layer is adjacent to an inner layer of the mask, and the foundation layer is adjacent to an outer layer of the mask.
3. The nanofiber membrane for a mask according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiber membrane layer has a porosity of 60 to 80%.
4. The nanofiber membrane for a mask according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the base layer is 45 to 55 μm, and the thickness of the nanofiber membrane layer is 3 to 5 μm.
5. The nanofiber membrane for masks according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiber membrane layer is made of polyvinylidene fluoride.
6. The nanofiber membrane for masks according to claim 5, wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used per square meter of nanofiber membrane layer is 2 to 4 g.
7. A method for manufacturing a nanofiber membrane for a mask is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mounting the base material non-woven fabric on a feeding roller of an electrostatic spinning machine, and winding the movable end of the base material non-woven fabric on a winding roller by bypassing a middle transition roller;
(2) the electrostatic spinning machine takes polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material, and a nano fiber film layer is formed by spraying the polyvinylidene fluoride to one side of the base material non-woven fabric through a spray head;
(3) and cutting and rolling the substrate non-woven fabric with the formed nanofiber membrane layer to obtain the nanofiber membrane product for the mask.
8. The method for manufacturing a nanofiber membrane for a mask according to claim 7, wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride raw material used for preparing the nanofiber membrane layer is 2 to 4 g per square meter.
9. The method for manufacturing a nanofiber membrane for a mask according to claim 7, wherein the thickness of the base nonwoven fabric is 45 to 55 μm, and the thickness of the nanofiber membrane layer is 3 to 5 μm.
10. The method for manufacturing a nanofiber membrane for a mask according to claim 7, wherein the nanofiber membrane layer has a fiber diameter of 50 to 200 nm, a pore diameter of 30 to 90 nm, and a porosity of 60 to 80%.
CN202010332597.5A 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Nano fiber membrane for mask and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN111424378A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112376119A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-02-19 泉州师范学院(石狮)生态智能织物工程技术研究院 High-efficiency and low-resistance filtering membrane and application thereof in mask fabric
CN112477307A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-12 东南大学 Gauze mask based on electrosorption effect
CN112704287A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-04-27 广东金发科技有限公司 Filtering device with double-peak distribution for electrostatic spinning nanofiber cloth and mask
CN112726190A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-30 上海振浦医疗设备有限公司 Water electret method and production process method for improving mask quality
CN112760821A (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-05-07 江苏汇诚医疗科技有限公司 Preparation method of functional nanofiber membrane mask
CN114575155A (en) * 2020-11-17 2022-06-03 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Polypropylene composite fiber with on-line supported nanofiber, melt-blown non-woven fabric, and preparation method and application thereof

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EP1953286A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-06 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Fabric and mask
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CN112376119A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-02-19 泉州师范学院(石狮)生态智能织物工程技术研究院 High-efficiency and low-resistance filtering membrane and application thereof in mask fabric
CN114575155A (en) * 2020-11-17 2022-06-03 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Polypropylene composite fiber with on-line supported nanofiber, melt-blown non-woven fabric, and preparation method and application thereof
CN112477307A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-03-12 东南大学 Gauze mask based on electrosorption effect
CN112477307B (en) * 2020-11-24 2022-03-01 东南大学 Gauze mask based on electrosorption effect
CN112760821A (en) * 2020-12-07 2021-05-07 江苏汇诚医疗科技有限公司 Preparation method of functional nanofiber membrane mask
CN112726190A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-30 上海振浦医疗设备有限公司 Water electret method and production process method for improving mask quality
CN112704287A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-04-27 广东金发科技有限公司 Filtering device with double-peak distribution for electrostatic spinning nanofiber cloth and mask

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Application publication date: 20200717