CN111421867A - Preparation method and system of waterproof breathable film for protective clothing - Google Patents
Preparation method and system of waterproof breathable film for protective clothing Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29D7/01—Films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/12—Polypropene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method and a system of a waterproof breathable film for protective clothing. The preparation method of the waterproof breathable film for the protective clothing comprises the following steps: a casting extrusion step, which comprises the steps of blending the filler and the polymer raw material, feeding, extruding and casting to obtain a casting film; a compounding step, which comprises laminating and compounding 2-5 layers of the cast films to obtain a composite film; a stretching step, which comprises simultaneously stretching the 2-4 layers of composite membranes to obtain a stretched porous membrane; and a layering step, wherein the stretching porous membrane obtained in the stretching step is peeled to obtain a single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable membrane. According to the preparation method of the waterproof breathable film, multilayer compounding and multilayer stretching are adopted, and then single-layer or multilayer waterproof breathable films are prepared through delamination; the production efficiency can be effectively improved under the condition of ensuring the consistency of the quality and the product performance of the waterproof breathable film; thereby better meeting the market demand of the waterproof and breathable film for protective clothing.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of preparation of waterproof breathable films of protective clothing, in particular to a preparation method and a system of a waterproof breathable film for protective clothing.
Background
The waterproof breathable film is a polymer film, is widely applied to industries such as protective clothing, surgical gowns, bandages, paper diapers, women sanitary products, outdoor clothing and the like, and can keep a certain comfort level while playing a role in protection by controlling moderate air permeability.
Under the influence of new coronavirus in 2020, the demand of medical field for protective clothing, surgical gown, etc. is increasing explosively. Therefore, the production efficiency of the existing production method and device for the waterproof breathable film cannot well meet the use requirement of the waterproof breathable film. In addition, as the population ages more and more, the demand for adult incontinence products increases day by day; a critical part of adult incontinence products is the waterproof breathable membrane. Therefore, the waterproof breathable film has wide market prospect as a basement membrane of incontinence pads, protective clothing and the like.
At present, the production method of waterproof and breathable films on the market mainly comprises the steps of taking linear low density polyethylene (LL DPE) as a raw material, adding at least 50% of calcium carbonate with the particle size of 1-10 mu m into the raw material, then stretching, and forming micropores with the particle size of 0.4-2 mu m at the joint of the calcium carbonate and a LL DPE film matrix by utilizing an inorganic filler in the stretching process so as to obtain the waterproof and breathable films with the permeability.
The existing production method and device can only produce one layer of waterproof breathable film at a time, and the efficiency is low. In addition, when stretching is carried out, the stretching speed can influence the size and uniformity of the formed holes; too high stretching speed can cause poor consistency of performances such as air permeability, thickness and the like of the waterproof breathable film; therefore, the existing production method and device cannot guarantee the production quality while improving the production speed and efficiency.
Generally, under the influence of the epidemic situation of the novel coronavirus in 2020, the demand of the waterproof breathable film is suddenly increased; how to effectively improve the production speed and efficiency under the condition of ensuring the quality of the waterproof breathable film is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present application is to provide a new method and system for making a waterproof breathable membrane for protective garments.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
one aspect of the application discloses a preparation method of a waterproof breathable film for protective clothing, which comprises the following steps:
a casting extrusion step, which comprises the steps of blending the filler and the polymer raw material, feeding, extruding and casting to obtain a casting film;
a compounding step, which comprises laminating and compounding 2-5 layers of the cast films to obtain a composite film;
a stretching step, which comprises simultaneously stretching the 2-4 layers of composite membranes to obtain a stretched porous membrane;
and a layering step, wherein the stretching porous membrane obtained in the stretching step is peeled to obtain a single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable membrane.
In the preparation method, the prior production process of the battery separator can be referred to for both casting extrusion and stretching. The application creatively compounds 2-5 layers of casting films, simultaneously stretches 2-4 layers of composite films, and finally peels off to obtain the waterproof breathable film, so that the production efficiency of the waterproof breathable film for protective clothing is greatly improved. In one implementation of the present application, 5 layers of cast films are compounded, and at the same time, 4 layers of composite films are stretched, and finally, a single-layer waterproof breathable film is obtained by peeling; therefore, 20 layers of waterproof breathable films can be simultaneously produced in one process, and the production efficiency is improved by 20 times. In addition, the waterproof breathable film is produced by adopting the production process and the standard of the battery diaphragm, so that the waterproof breathable film has better consistency; moreover, the quality of the waterproof breathable film can be guaranteed, and the waterproof breathable film can be applied to all fields needing the waterproof breathable film, including but not limited to protective clothing, surgical gowns, bandages, paper diapers, women sanitary products, outdoor clothing and the like. In addition, the preparation method can prepare and obtain single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable films according to requirements, and the prepared waterproof breathable films have the characteristics of high efficiency and high consistency.
Preferably, in the casting extrusion step, the drawing ratio of the casting film is 30-500, and the drawing speed is 20-500 s-1。
Preferably, in the stretching step, the stretching comprises cold drawing and hot drawing, wherein the cold drawing ratio is 1.1-1.6 times, and the hot drawing ratio is 1.3-2.5 times.
It should be noted that cold drawing and hot drawing are conventional stretching processes in the production of polyolefin microporous membranes of battery separators, and the method is creatively used for the production of the waterproof breathable membranes of the application, and the specific stretching ratio can be determined according to requirements. In addition, generally, after cold drawing and hot drawing, heat setting treatment can be further included, and the existing production process of the polyolefin microporous membrane of the battery separator can be referred to according to requirements.
Preferably, the stretching direction is transverse stretching, longitudinal stretching or biaxial stretching.
Preferably, the polymer is at least one of linear low density polyethylene (LL DPE), low density polyethylene (L DPE), polypropylene (PP), and ethylene-propylene copolymer.
Preferably, the filler has an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 μm, preferably 0.4 to 5 μm.
It should be noted that the particle size of the filler ultimately affects the particle size of the micropores of the waterproof breathable film, and therefore, it is preferable to use a filler having an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 μm, and more preferably 0.4 to 5.
Preferably, the filler used in the present application is an inorganic filler, an organic filler or a mixed filler of the two.
Preferably, the inorganic filler of the present application is at least one selected from calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide.
Preferably, the inorganic filler of the present application is coated with a fatty acid.
Preferably, the fatty acid used to coat the inorganic material is stearic acid or behenic acid.
Preferably, the organic filler is at least one of polyester powder, polycarbonate powder, polypropylene powder, and ethylene-acrylate copolymer powder.
Preferably, the pore diameter of the waterproof breathable film is 0.1-30 μm, preferably 0.4-8 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the waterproof and breathable film is 10-200 μm, preferably 50-120 μm.
The application discloses another side discloses a preparation system for waterproof ventilated membrane of protective clothing, includes the following subassembly that the technology accepts:
the extrusion casting mechanism is used for extruding the mixed material of the filler and the polymer raw material, and casting and drawing to form a film to obtain a casting film;
the first group of winding and unwinding mechanisms comprise a plurality of winding and unwinding machines and are used for winding the casting film obtained by the extrusion casting mechanism;
the compounding mechanism is used for receiving the casting films unreeled by 2-5 reeling and unreeling machines of the first set of reeling and unreeling mechanisms and laminating and compounding the casting films to obtain a composite film;
the second group of winding and unwinding mechanisms comprise a plurality of winding and unwinding machines and are used for winding the composite film obtained by the composite mechanism;
the stretching mechanism is used for receiving the composite films unreeled by 2-4 reeling and unreeling machines of the second set of reeling and unreeling mechanisms and stretching the composite films unreeled by the 2-4 reeling and unreeling machines to obtain a stretched porous film;
and the layering mechanism is used for stripping the stretched porous membrane obtained by the stretching mechanism to obtain a single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable membrane.
It should be noted that, the waterproof breathable film manufacturing system of the present application can effectively execute the waterproof breathable film manufacturing method of the present application, thereby improving the production efficiency of the waterproof breathable film. In the waterproof breathable film preparation system, the existing battery diaphragm polyolefin microporous film production system can be referred to by each independent extrusion casting mechanism, winding and unwinding machine, stretching mechanism and the like; the application is only creative and the structure of the whole system is adjusted according to the requirement of the preparation method of the waterproof breathable film, so that the production efficiency of the waterproof breathable film can be improved. In addition, because the waterproof ventilated membrane preparation system of this application refers to current battery diaphragm polyolefin microporous membrane production system and relevant technological parameter for the waterproof ventilated membrane of preparation has the physicochemical characteristic of battery diaphragm polyolefin microporous membrane, can guarantee the micropore size and the homogeneity of waterproof ventilated membrane when improving waterproof ventilated membrane production rate and efficiency, thereby guarantee the uniformity of properties such as ventilative, thickness of waterproof ventilated membrane.
Preferably, the waterproof breathable film preparation system of the present application further includes a third set of winding and unwinding mechanism, configured to wind the stretched porous film obtained by the stretching mechanism, and then unwind the stretched porous film to the layering mechanism.
Preferably, the waterproof breathable film preparation system of the application further comprises a fourth winding and unwinding mechanism for winding the waterproof breathable film obtained by peeling the layering mechanism.
Preferably, in the waterproof air-permeable membrane preparation system of this application, the stretching mechanism is four unification devices, can carry out cold drawing, hot drawing and heat setting to four layers of complex films simultaneously.
In the waterproof breathable film preparation system of the present application, the extrusion casting mechanism may refer to an extrusion casting device in the existing battery separator production, for example, a feeder and an extrusion screw in patent CN108327216A, and a lithium battery base film casting apparatus in patent CN 203381094U; the winding and unwinding machines in the four winding and unwinding mechanisms can refer to winding and unwinding machines conventionally used in battery diaphragm production, such as lithium battery diaphragm winding and unwinding machines in patent CN 209536559U; the compounding mechanism can refer to compounding devices in the production of multilayer battery separators, such as the compounding machine in patent CN 208307996U; the stretching mechanism can refer to a stretching device of the multilayer polymer membrane in patent CN 110911614A; the layering mechanism can refer to a lithium battery diaphragm layering machine in patent CN 201868497U.
It should be further noted that, in the waterproof breathable film preparation system of the present application, various detection mechanisms adopted in the existing battery separator production system can be referred to for ensuring the production quality of the waterproof breathable film, for example, an orientation measuring instrument and a defect detection system in the casting film formation can effectively monitor the thickness, the casting orientation and the defects in the casting film production process, and the product yield of the film is improved. For example, reference may be made to battery separator detection methods and devices in patents CN106841213A, CN107064155A, CN203381094U, CN 203385642U.
The application further discloses a waterproof breathable film prepared by the preparation method or the preparation system for the waterproof breathable film for the protective clothing.
The waterproof breathable film prepared by the preparation method and the preparation system has the advantages of high production efficiency, better pore size and uniformity, better consistency of performances such as breathability, thickness and the like. When the protective clothing is used for preparing protective clothing, the production quality of the protective clothing and the consistency of the product quality can be better guaranteed.
The application also discloses applications of the waterproof and breathable film surgical gown, the bandage, the paper diaper, the women sanitary product or the outdoor jacket.
It can be understood that the waterproof breathable film of the application not only relatively reduces the production cost due to high production efficiency, but also has better quality and uniformity. Therefore, the waterproof and breathable film can be used for protective clothing, and can also be used in other fields needing waterproof and breathable, such as surgical gowns, bandages, paper diapers, women sanitary products, outdoor clothing and the like.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
according to the preparation method of the waterproof breathable film, multilayer compounding and multilayer stretching are adopted, and then single-layer or multilayer waterproof breathable films are prepared through delamination; the production efficiency can be effectively improved under the condition of ensuring the consistency of the quality and the product performance of the waterproof breathable film; thereby better meeting the market demand of the waterproof and breathable film.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a system for preparing a waterproof breathable film according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an unstretched film in an example of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stretched waterproof breathable film in an example of the present application.
Detailed Description
The existing waterproof breathable film can only be produced by one layer once in one production flow, and the efficiency is low. Influenced by the epidemic situation of the novel coronavirus in 2020, the demand on the waterproof breathable film is increased greatly, so that manufacturers are forced to improve the production efficiency of the waterproof breathable film. However, with the current waterproof breathable film production process and system, it is difficult to improve the production speed and ensure the production quality.
Therefore, the application develops a new preparation method and system of the waterproof breathable film by taking the production process of the polyolefin microporous film of the battery diaphragm as a reference. According to the preparation method, the casting film is compounded into a composite film with 2-5 layers, the composite film with 2-4 layers is stretched simultaneously, and then the composite film is peeled off to obtain a single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable film; compared with the existing waterproof breathable film preparation method, the preparation method provided by the application has the advantages that although the step of composite peeling is added, 20 layers of waterproof breathable films can be prepared at one time, and the production efficiency is improved by 20 times; on the whole, the production efficiency of the waterproof breathable film is greatly improved.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawings. The following examples are intended to be illustrative of the present application only and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless otherwise indicated, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products or can be prepared by known methods.
Example 1
The system for preparing the waterproof breathable film comprises an extrusion casting mechanism 01, a first group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 02, a compounding mechanism 03, a second group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 04, a stretching mechanism 05, a third group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 06, a layering mechanism 07 and a fourth group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 08 as shown in fig. 1.
The extrusion casting mechanism 01 comprises a plurality of extrusion casting film forming devices, and each extrusion casting film forming device corresponds to one winding and unwinding machine in the first winding and unwinding mechanism 02. The winding and unwinding machine of the first winding and unwinding mechanism 02 winds the casting film and then unwinds the casting film to the compound mechanism 03. In this example, the combining mechanism 03 includes four combining machines, and each combining machine receives the casting films unwound by five unwinding and winding machines in the first unwinding and winding mechanism 02 and combines the casting films into a five-layer composite film. The second group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 04 comprises four winding and unwinding machines which are respectively used for winding composite films of the four compounding machines.
The stretching mechanism 05 of this example adopts the stretching device of multilayer polymer diaphragm in patent CN110911614A, is a four-in-one structure, and can receive the composite film unreeled by the four reeling and unreeling machines of the second set of reeling and unreeling mechanisms 04, and simultaneously perform cold drawing, hot drawing and heat setting on the four-layer composite film. The third winding and unwinding mechanism 06 includes a winding and unwinding machine for winding and unwinding the stretched porous film of the stretching mechanism 05. The layering mechanism 07 is used for receiving the stretched porous membrane unwound by the third winding and unwinding mechanism 06, and peeling the stretched porous membrane into single-layer waterproof breathable films, and each single-layer waterproof breathable film is wound by the winding and unwinding machine of the fourth winding and unwinding mechanism 08. The layering mechanism 07 of the embodiment adopts a lithium battery diaphragm layering machine in patent CN 201868497U.
By adopting the preparation system of the waterproof breathable film, polypropylene is used as a raw material, calcium carbonate with the average particle size of 3 mu m is used as a filler, and the single-layer waterproof breathable film with the thickness of 60 mu m is prepared by the specific preparation method as follows:
a casting extrusion step, wherein 120 parts by weight of filler and 100 parts by weight of polymer raw material are blended, fed and extruded for 400s at a draw-down ratio of 100-1Obtaining a casting film with a thickness of 64 μm; the structure when the casting film is not stretched is as shown in fig. 2, and the filler particles 2 as a filler are uniformly dispersed in the casting film 1;
the cast film is wound by the first group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 02 and then unwound to the compound mechanism 03;
a compounding step, which comprises laminating and compounding the 5-layer casting film to obtain a composite film;
the composite film is wound by the second group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 04 and then is unwound to the stretching mechanism 05;
a stretching step, which comprises simultaneously stretching the 4 layers of composite membranes, wherein the stretching direction is longitudinal stretching, so as to obtain a stretched porous membrane; wherein the cold drawing temperature is 30 ℃, the cold drawing speed is 2000%/min, and the cold drawing multiplying power is 1.5 times; the hot drawing temperature is 100 ℃, the hot drawing speed is 300%/min, and the hot drawing multiplying power is 2.2 times; the temperature of heat setting is 100 ℃; stretching to obtain a stretched porous membrane structure as shown in FIG. 3, and pulling apart at the contact part of the filling particles and the membrane to form micropores 3 on the basis of the filling particles 2 after stretching;
a third group of winding and unwinding mechanisms 06 is adopted to wind the stretched porous membrane, and then the stretched porous membrane is unwound to the layering mechanism 07;
a layering step, comprising stripping the stretched porous membrane obtained in the stretching step to obtain a single-layer waterproof breathable membrane;
and a fourth group winding and unwinding mechanism 08 is adopted to wind the peeled single-layer waterproof breathable film. This example can be peeled off to obtain 20 rolls of single-layer waterproof breathable film.
And taking one roll of the single-layer waterproof breathable film for testing the thickness, the aperture and the ventilation value. Wherein, the thickness and the air permeability value are tested by the method in GB/T36363-2018, and in each test, each sample is tested for 5 times.
The pore diameter of the waterproof breathable film is tested according to the enterprise standard, and the pore diameter test is specifically carried out by using a capillary flow method, a sample which is completely saturated by the immersion liquid is placed in a closed sample chamber with a certain volume, gas overcomes the capillary action of liquid in the pore under a series of pressures, the immersion liquid in the pore is discharged until the pore is emptied, the gas pressure and the flow rate are recorded, and then the pore diameter size and the pore diameter distribution are calculated according to a corresponding formula. Testing equipment: a PMI aperture analyzer; the instrument model is as follows: CFP-1500 AEP. The test results show that the pore diameter of the single-layer waterproof breathable film is 2-5 mu m.
Analyzing the thickness test results of the single-layer waterproof breathable film for 5 times, and counting the average value and the standard deviation of the thickness test results to represent the thickness consistency of the single-layer waterproof breathable film; specifically, the thickness of the waterproof breathable film is measured at intervals of 2 cm, the thickness of 5 points is measured in total, the thickness variation condition is counted, the thickness consistency of the film is represented, and the result is shown in table 1. Analyzing the test results of the 5 times ventilation value of the single-layer waterproof breathable film, and counting the average value and the standard deviation of the test results to represent the ventilation consistency of the single-layer waterproof breathable film; specifically, the air permeability was measured at intervals of 5 cm, the air permeability was measured at 5 points in total, and the air permeability change was counted to characterize the air permeability uniformity of the film, with the results shown in table 2.
Example 2
In the embodiment, linear low-density polyethylene is used as a raw material, barium carbonate with the average particle size of 4 mu m is used as a filling material, and a single-layer waterproof breathable film with the thickness of 100 mu m is prepared; the preparation method and preparation system of the single-layer waterproof breathable film of the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1. In this example, 20 rolls of single-layer waterproof breathable film were prepared in one run.
Taking one roll of the single-layer waterproof breathable film, and testing the thickness, the aperture and the ventilation value of the single-layer waterproof breathable film in the embodiment by the same method as the embodiment 1; the thickness consistency and the air permeability consistency of the single-layer waterproof breathable film of the embodiment are analyzed by the same method as the embodiment 1; the test and analysis results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
The pore diameter test result shows that the pore diameter range of the single-layer waterproof breathable film is 4-6 mu m.
Comparative example 1
Comparative tests were carried out using commercially available 60 μm thick water-repellent breathable films. The waterproof breathable film is taken from a super baby diaper, and the waterproof breathable film is mainly used as a bottom film of the diaper; therefore, the base film of the diaper was directly selected and tested in this example.
In the example, the waterproof breathable film of the example was subjected to thickness and breathability value tests in the same manner as in example 1; the thickness consistency and the air permeability consistency of the single-layer waterproof breathable film of the embodiment are analyzed by the same method as the embodiment 1; the test and analysis results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Comparative example 2
Comparative tests were carried out using commercially available waterproof, breathable films of 100 μm thickness. The waterproof breathable film is taken from a super baby diaper, and the waterproof breathable film is mainly used as a bottom film of the diaper; therefore, the base film of the diaper was directly selected and tested in this example.
In the example, the waterproof breathable film of the example was subjected to thickness and breathability value tests in the same manner as in example 1; the thickness consistency and the air permeability consistency of the single-layer waterproof breathable film of the embodiment are analyzed by the same method as the embodiment 1; the test and analysis results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 thickness uniformity test data (unit: mum)
| Waterproof | Test | 1 | |
|
Test 4 | Test 5 | Mean value of | Standard deviation of |
| Example 1 | 60.0 | 59.9 | 60.1 | 60.3 | 60.2 | 60.1 | 0.063 | |
| Example 2 | 100.2 | 100.4 | 100.1 | 99.7 | 100.3 | 100.14 | 0.108 | |
| Comparative example 1 | 61.4 | 62.2 | 62.1 | 58.8 | 60.2 | 60.94 | 0.575 | |
| Comparative example 2 | 101.7 | 100.9 | 99.2 | 98.4 | 102.2 | 100.48 | 0.651 |
TABLE 2 air permeability test data (unit: s/100m L)
| Waterproof | Test | 1 | |
|
Test 4 | Test 5 | Mean value of | Standard deviation of |
| Example 1 | 225 | 232 | 228 | 220 | 219 | 224.8 | 2.180 | |
| Example 2 | 358 | 360 | 351 | 346 | 362 | 355.4 | 2.677 | |
| Comparative example 1 | 334 | 456 | 272 | 498 | 531 | 418.2 | 44.265 | |
| Comparative example 2 | 545 | 377 | 386 | 418 | 610 | 467.2 | 41.759 |
The results in table 1 show that the standard deviations of the thicknesses of the two waterproof breathable films of examples 1 and 2 are 0.063 and 0.108, respectively, the standard deviation is small, the data is concentrated, and the thickness consistency is good; the standard deviation of the thicknesses of the two waterproof breathable films of comparative examples 1 and 2 is 0.575 and 0.651 respectively, the standard deviation is larger, the data is more discrete, and the consistency of the thicknesses is relatively poorer.
The results in table 2 show that the standard deviation of the air permeability values of the two waterproof breathable films of examples 1 and 2 are 2.180 and 2.677 respectively, the standard deviation is relatively small, the data are concentrated, and the air permeability consistency is better; the standard deviation of the air permeability values of the two waterproof breathable films of comparative examples 1 and 2 are 44.265 and 41.759 respectively, the standard deviation is large, the data are relatively discrete, and the air permeability consistency is relatively poor.
In addition, the thickness consistency and the air permeability value consistency of other 19 rolls of single-layer waterproof breathable films prepared in example 1 are respectively tested and analyzed, and the results show that the thickness consistency and the air permeability value consistency of 20 rolls of single-layer waterproof breathable films prepared in example 1 are better, and the results are similar to the test results of example 1 in tables 1 and 2. Similarly, the thickness uniformity and air permeability uniformity of the other 19 rolls of single-layer waterproof breathable film prepared in example 2 were analyzed, and the results showed that similarly, all of the single-layer waterproof breathable films of example 2 had better thickness and air permeability uniformity, and the results were similar to the test results of example 2 in tables 1 and 2. Therefore, the waterproof breathable film preparation method and the waterproof breathable film preparation system can effectively improve the production efficiency under the condition of ensuring the quality of the waterproof breathable film and the consistency of product performance.
In addition, regarding the conditions of casting extrusion, the existing conditions of polyolefin microporous membranes of battery separators can be referred to, for example, the drawing ratio of casting film is 30-500, and the drawing rate is 20-500 s-1. As for the stretching multiplying power, the existing polyolefin microporous membrane of the battery diaphragm can be also referred to, for example, the cold stretching multiplying power is 1.1 to 1.6 times, and the hot stretching multiplying power is 1.3 to 2.5 times; the stretching direction may be determined according to specific production or product requirements and may be transverse stretching, longitudinal stretching or biaxial stretching.
As for the material of the waterproof breathable film, besides the polypropylene of the embodiment 1 and the linear low-density polyethylene of the embodiment 2, low-density polyethylene or ethylene-propylene copolymer can be adopted, and the waterproof breathable film which meets the use requirement and has good consistency can be prepared.
The filler of the waterproof breathable film can adopt conventional organic filler or inorganic filler, for example, the organic filler is polyester powder, polycarbonate powder, polypropylene powder or ethylene-acrylate copolymer powder; inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide or titanium oxide, and the inorganic filler may be coated with a fatty acid such as stearic acid or behenic acid as required. The average particle size of the filler directly affects the pore size of the waterproof breathable film, and therefore, the filler with the average particle size of 0.1-20 μm is generally used, and the filler with the average particle size of 0.4-5 μm is preferably used, so as to prepare the microporous film meeting the use requirement of waterproof breathable film.
According to the method and the system for preparing the waterproof breathable film in the embodiment 1, the process parameters can be adjusted, and the waterproof breathable film with the thickness of 10-200 μm can be prepared. In addition, the waterproof and breathable film with the pore diameter of 0.1-30 mu m can be prepared by adjusting the process parameters and controlling the particle size of the adopted filler.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present application in connection with specific embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the present application be limited to the specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many more simple derivations or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure.
Claims (19)
1. A preparation method of a waterproof breathable film for protective clothing is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
a casting extrusion step, which comprises the steps of blending the filler and the polymer raw material, feeding, extruding and casting to obtain a casting film;
a compounding step, which comprises laminating and compounding 2-5 layers of the casting films to obtain a composite film;
a stretching step, which comprises simultaneously stretching 2-4 layers of the composite membrane to obtain a stretched porous membrane;
and a layering step, wherein the stretching porous membrane obtained in the stretching step is peeled to obtain a single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable membrane.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the step of casting extrusion, the drawing ratio of casting film forming is 30-500, and the drawing rate is 20-500 s-1。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the stretching step, the stretching comprises cold stretching and hot stretching, wherein the cold stretching multiplying power is 1.1-1.6 times, and the hot stretching multiplying power is 1.3-2.5 times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the stretching direction is transverse stretching, longitudinal stretching or bidirectional stretching.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the polymer is at least one of linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymer.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the filler has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 20 μm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the filler is inorganic filler, organic filler or the mixed filler of the inorganic filler and the organic filler.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: at least one of the inorganic fillers calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide and titanium oxide.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the inorganic filler is coated with a fatty acid.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fatty acid is stearic acid or behenic acid.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the organic filler is at least one of polyester powder, polycarbonate powder, polypropylene powder and ethylene-acrylate copolymer powder.
12. A process for the preparation of a waterproof breathable film for protective clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: the aperture of the waterproof breathable film is 0.1-30 mu m.
13. A process for the preparation of a waterproof breathable film for protective clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: the thickness of the waterproof breathable film is 10-200 mu m.
14. The utility model provides a preparation system for waterproof ventilated membrane of protective clothing which characterized in that: comprises the following components of a process support,
the extrusion casting mechanism is used for extruding the mixed material of the filler and the polymer raw material, and casting and drawing to form a film to obtain a casting film;
the first group of winding and unwinding mechanisms comprise a plurality of winding and unwinding machines and are used for winding the casting film obtained by the extrusion casting mechanism;
the compound mechanism is used for receiving the casting films unreeled by 2-5 reeling and unreeling machines of the first set of reeling and unreeling mechanisms and laminating and compounding the casting films to obtain a compound film;
the second group of winding and unwinding mechanisms comprise a plurality of winding and unwinding machines and are used for winding the composite film obtained by the composite mechanism;
the stretching mechanism is used for receiving the composite films unreeled by the 2-4 reeling and unreeling machines of the second set of reeling and unreeling mechanisms and stretching the composite films unreeled by the 2-4 reeling and unreeling machines to obtain a stretched porous film;
and the layering mechanism is used for stripping the stretched porous membrane obtained by the stretching mechanism to obtain a single-layer or multi-layer waterproof breathable membrane.
15. The system for preparing a waterproof, breathable film for protective garments according to claim 14, wherein: the device also comprises a third group of winding and unwinding mechanisms, and the third group of winding and unwinding mechanisms is used for winding the stretched porous membrane obtained by the stretching mechanisms and then unwinding the stretched porous membrane to the layering mechanism.
16. The system for preparing a waterproof, breathable film for protective garments according to claim 14, wherein: the winding and unwinding mechanism is used for winding the waterproof breathable film obtained by peeling the layering mechanism.
17. A system for preparing a waterproof, breathable film for protective garments according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: the stretching mechanism is a four-in-one device and can carry out cold drawing, hot drawing and heat setting on the four-layer composite film simultaneously.
18. A waterproof breathable film is characterized in that: the waterproof breathable film is prepared by the preparation method of the waterproof breathable film for the protective clothing of any one of claims 1 to 13 or the preparation system of the waterproof breathable film for the protective clothing of any one of claims 14 to 17.
19. The application of the waterproof and breathable film in surgical gowns, bandages, paper diapers, women sanitary products or outdoor clothing is characterized in that: the waterproof breathable film of claim 18.
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