CN111421819A

CN111421819A - Multifunctional 3D printer

Info

Publication number: CN111421819A
Application number: CN202010284349.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶伟剑
Original assignee: Ningbo Institute of Finance and Economics
Current assignee: Ningbo Institute of Finance and Economics
Priority date: 2020-04-13
Filing date: 2020-04-13
Publication date: 2020-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-13
Also published as: CN111421819B

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional 3D printer which comprises a nozzle and a material changing assembly, wherein the end part of the nozzle is provided with a first contraction part and a second contraction part which are arranged in a high-low mode; an air suction channel is arranged on the side part above the first contraction part and communicated with the material pipeline, and an air suction port positioned on the outer wall of the nozzle is arranged at the port of the air suction channel; the lateral part of second shrink portion top is provided with spouts the look pipeline, spouts the slope of look pipeline degree and sets up, and the air current pipeline is connected to its low end, and the high-end of spouting the look pipeline is provided with the colouring material that is located on the outer wall of nozzle and advances the port. The invention can keep the working temperature of the nozzle in the best working state; residual materials in the nozzle can be recycled, so that the nozzle is prevented from being blocked; when needed, the coloring treatment can be carried out, and the risk of damaging the product is reduced.

Description

Multifunctional 3D printer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a multifunctional 3D printer.

Background

The 3D printer is a machine related to the rapid prototyping technology, it is a kind of digital model file as the foundation, use but adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastics, etc., construct the technology of the object by the way of printing layer by layer, it is an accumulation manufacturing technique, produce the three-dimensional object by printing the material of layer by layer, its basic principle is through putting data and raw materials into 3D printer, the machine will be according to the procedure produce the product layer by layer, and the product printed, and can use immediately.

The nozzle is a very important core part of the 3D printer, and largely determines the quality of molding. The existing nozzle is only a simple cylindrical part, the head end of the existing nozzle gradually shrinks, and the interior of the existing nozzle is hollow to form a channel through which spray materials pass. When D printing is carried out, the material is sprayed out of the nozzle.

When the material is sprayed out from the nozzle, the temperature needs to be immediately reduced, otherwise, other parts are dissolved and burnt. When the materials do not leave the nozzle, the temperature needs to be controlled, and if the temperature is too low, the viscosity between the materials is too high, so that the jetting speed is too low, and the printing precision is influenced. The smoothness degree of the material sprayed out of the nozzle and the temperature of the wire outlet directly influence the precision of 3D printing. Therefore, a heat sink is required to control the temperature of the nozzle within a certain range. At present, a heat dissipation fan is usually installed at a nozzle to dissipate heat of the nozzle, but during a printing process, vibration generated by operation of the heat dissipation fan may seriously affect the molding quality of the 3D printer.

In addition, some material remains inside the nozzle when the printer is suspended and ready to print the next part. After the temperature is reduced, the nozzle may be clogged. These materials need to be disposed of, but for energy saving purposes, cannot be directly discarded, and therefore need to be recycled. Patent document CN106738882A, an energy-saving 3D printing apparatus, discloses a recovery mechanism communicating with the nozzle 3 so that the pump body 20 draws the raw material liquid remaining in the nozzle 3 into the recovery box 18. Although the raw material liquid of the nozzle can be recovered, such extraction cannot completely extract the nozzle, that is, the technical problem that the nozzle is still clogged after the temperature is lowered still cannot be solved.

Finally, some special industries require that after 3D printing, the printed product needs to be colored. The existing printer does not have the function, so that a product which is printed needs to be taken down from a printing table of the printer and put on a workbench of a coloring machine. During this process, the product may be damaged, resulting in a previous effort.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional 3D printer which can keep the working temperature of a nozzle in an optimal working state; residual materials in the nozzle can be recycled, so that the nozzle is prevented from being blocked; when needed, the coloring treatment can be carried out, and the risk of damaging the product is reduced.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme: a multifunctional 3D printer comprises a nozzle and a material changing assembly, wherein the end part of the nozzle is provided with a first contraction part and a second contraction part which are arranged in a high-low mode, a material pipeline and an air flow pipeline are arranged in the nozzle, an opening is formed in the end part of the first contraction part of the material pipeline, and an opening is formed in the end part of the second contraction part of the air flow pipeline; an air suction channel is arranged on the side part above the first contraction part, the air suction channel is communicated with the material pipeline, and an air suction port positioned on the outer wall of the nozzle is arranged at the port of the air suction channel; and a color spraying pipeline is arranged on the side part above the second contraction part, the color spraying pipeline is inclined at 45 degrees, the lower end of the color spraying pipeline is connected with the air flow pipeline, and a coloring material inlet port positioned on the outer wall of the nozzle is arranged at the high end of the color spraying pipeline.

The material changing assembly comprises a main rotary disc and a positioning disc, the circular end faces of the main rotary disc and the positioning disc are mutually attached and are arranged in a sealing mode, the main rotary disc and the positioning disc can rotate relatively, a discharge port is formed in the end face of the main rotary disc, the discharge port is connected with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe is connected with a pigment inlet port; a plurality of conveying ports are arranged on the end face of the positioning disc in a circumferential array mode, the conveying ports are connected with conveying pipes, the conveying ports are independent from each other, internal pipelines are not communicated, and when the axes of the discharging pipe and the conveying pipes are overlapped, the discharging pipe and the conveying pipes are communicated through pipelines, so that the conveying pipes can convey pigments with different colors for the discharging pipe; the conveying pipeline is connected with a conveying pump.

The discharging port is further connected with an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with an air pump, and an electric one-way valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe.

The main turntable is provided with a middle rotating shaft, the middle rotating shaft is supported by two brackets, a plurality of bearings are arranged at the supporting positions, a gear part is arranged at the part of the middle rotating shaft between the two brackets, the gear part is in meshing connection with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven to rotate by a stepping motor; the positioning plate is provided with a supporting shaft, and the supporting shaft is supported by a support.

A signal transmitting end is arranged on the outer circular surface of the main rotary table in the linear direction from the discharge pipe to the circle center of the main rotary table; the outer circular surface of the positioning disc is provided with signal receiving ends corresponding to the straight line direction from each discharging pipe to the circle center of the positioning disc; the signal transmitting end and the signal receiving end are in signal communication connection with the delivery pump; and when one of the signal receiving ends receives the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting end, the conveying pump conveys the pigment with the corresponding color to the corresponding conveying pipeline.

The air pump is in signal connection with the signal transmitting end, the signal receiving end and the electric one-way valve, and when the signal transmitting end does not exist and receives a signal sent by the signal transmitting end and the electric one-way valve is opened, the air pump sprays high-pressure air flow towards the air inlet pipe.

The material pipeline provides materials for printing for the nozzles; the air flow pipeline is connected with the other output port of the air pump, which works independently.

The air suction port is connected with an air pipe of an external reciprocating pump; the reciprocating pump can complete air suction and exhaust through the air pipe.

If the diameter of the material pipeline is less than or equal to 5mm, the bottom end of the first contraction part is lower than the bottom end of the second contraction part by 3 mm; if the diameter of the material pipeline is larger than 5mm, the lower value of the bottom end of the first contraction part than the bottom end of the second contraction part is equal to the diameter value of the material pipeline.

The invention can keep the working temperature of the nozzle in the best working state; residual materials in the nozzle can be recycled, so that the nozzle is prevented from being blocked; when needed, the coloring treatment can be carried out, and the risk of damaging the product is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be discussed below, it is obvious that the technical solutions described in conjunction with the drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other embodiments and drawings can be obtained according to the embodiments shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the nozzle structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the refueling assembly of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction P in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments described herein without the need for inventive work, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the multifunctional 3D printer comprises a nozzle 1 and a material changing assembly, wherein a first contraction part 11 and a second contraction part 12 which are arranged at two different heights are arranged at the end part of the nozzle 1, a material pipeline 111 and an air flow pipeline 121 are arranged in the nozzle 1, an opening is arranged at the end part of the first contraction part 11 of the material pipeline 111, and an opening is arranged at the end part of the second contraction part 12 of the air flow pipeline 121; an air suction channel 2 is arranged on the side part above the first contraction part 11, the air suction channel 2 is communicated with the material pipeline 111, and an air suction port 21 positioned on the outer wall of the nozzle 1 is arranged at the port of the air suction channel 2; the side part above the second contraction part 12 is provided with a color spraying pipeline 3, the color spraying pipeline 3 is arranged in an inclined way at 45 degrees, the lower end of the color spraying pipeline 3 is connected with the air flow pipeline 121, and the high end of the color spraying pipeline 3 is provided with a coloring material inlet port 31 positioned on the outer wall of the nozzle 1.

The material changing assembly comprises a main rotary disc 5 and a positioning disc 6, the circular end faces of the main rotary disc 5 and the positioning disc 6 are mutually attached and are arranged in a sealing manner, the main rotary disc 5 and the positioning disc 6 can rotate relatively, a discharge port 51 is arranged on the end face of the main rotary disc 5, the discharge port 51 is connected with a discharge pipe 511, and the discharge pipe 511 is connected with the pigment inlet 31; a plurality of conveying ports 61 are circumferentially arranged on the end face of the positioning disc 6 in an array manner, the conveying ports 61 are connected with a conveying pipe 611, the conveying ports 61 are independent from each other, internal pipelines are not communicated, and when the axis of the discharge pipe 511 is coincident with that of the conveying pipe 611, the pipelines of the discharge pipe 511 and the conveying pipe 611 are communicated, so that the conveying pipe 611 can convey pigments with different colors for the discharge pipe 511; the delivery pipe 611 is connected with a delivery pump.

The discharge port 51 is further connected with an air inlet pipe 512, the air inlet pipe 512 is connected with an air pump, and the air inlet pipe 512 is provided with an electric one-way valve.

The main turntable 5 is provided with a middle rotating shaft 52, the middle rotating shaft 52 is supported by the two brackets 7, a plurality of bearings are arranged at the supporting positions, a gear part 53 is arranged at the part of the middle rotating shaft 52 positioned between the two brackets 7, the gear part 53 is in meshing connection with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven to rotate by a stepping motor; the positioning plate 6 is provided with a support shaft 63, and the support shaft 63 is supported by a bracket.

A signal transmitting end 54 is arranged on the outer circular surface of the main rotary table 5 in the linear direction from the discharge pipe 511 to the center of the main rotary table 5; the outer circular surface of the positioning disk 6 is provided with a signal receiving end 62 in the straight line direction corresponding to the center of circle of each discharging pipe 511 to the positioning disk 6; the signal transmitting end 54 and the signal receiving end 62 are connected with the delivery pump in signal communication; when one of the signal receiving terminals 62 receives the signal transmitted from the signal transmitting terminal 54, the conveying pump conveys the color material of the corresponding color to the corresponding conveying pipe 611.

The air pump is in signal connection with the signal transmitting end 54, the signal receiving end 62 and the electric check valve, and when there is no signal transmitted by the signal transmitting end 54 and the signal receiving end 62 is received and the electric check valve is opened, the air pump injects high-pressure air flow toward the air inlet pipe 512.

The material pipeline 111 provides materials for printing for the nozzle 1; the air flow pipe 121 is connected to another output port of the air pump, which is operated independently.

The air suction port 21 is connected with an air pipe of an external reciprocating pump; the reciprocating pump can complete air suction and exhaust through the air pipe. The reciprocating pump can suck air from the suction port 21 and inject air into the suction port 21. This causes mixing of the material and air in the material conduit 111 and ultimately the sprayed material to be atomised. Firstly, the thickness of the spray can be reduced, so that different shapes can be printed; secondly, for special parts, such as structures with a small thickness, this enables a reduction in temperature beforehand, thus making the printed structure more stable.

If the diameter of the material pipeline 111 is less than or equal to 5mm, the bottom end of the first contraction part 11 is lower than the bottom end of the second contraction part 12 by 3 mm; if the diameter of the material pipe 111 is greater than 5mm, the lower value of the bottom end of the first constriction 11 than the bottom end of the second constriction 12 is equal to the diameter value of the material pipe 111.

When the device works, the material pipeline 111 conveys materials, and then the materials are ejected from the opening part of the material pipeline 111 on the first contraction part 11, so that 3D printing work is completed. In this process, the temperature of the material located on the first constriction 11 is low because the nozzle 1 is long, and heating is required to ensure print quality and avoid clogging. Therefore, the heating plate 4 is arranged at the position of the invention to heat the first contraction part 11, so that the materials can be smoothly ejected. And the ejected material needs to be cooled, so that the phenomenon that other parts are dissolved and burnt due to overhigh temperature is avoided. Therefore, the present invention provides an air flow duct 121 that sprays air with a relatively low temperature to cool. To ensure that the material is not blown away, the velocity of the air injected by the air flow duct 121 is low and it does not intersect the ejected material. The sprayed air acts on the material completing the printing work, and the material is rapidly cooled. But spout the in-process of air, can make peripheral air be brought the circulation together, the air of this circulation can be cooled down the material of spraying.

After the 3D printing is completed, the printer pauses, i.e. the material pipe 111 stops conveying the material. At this time, the material on the first constriction 11 is far away, so that the material may be blocked due to the temperature reduction. At the moment, the external reciprocating pump is started to work, and the materials at the position are sucked away through the air suction channel 2. Thereby avoiding end plugging.

When the device is used for coloring, the color required by each part needs to be controlled by the computer firstly, and then coloring is carried out. The computer controls the work of the reciprocating pump, the signal transmitting end 54, the signal receiving end 62, the delivery pump, the air pump, the electric one-way valve and the stepping motor. Wherein each signal receiving end 62 is labeled, and the corresponding material conveying pipe 611 can be the pigment of the color conveyed by the material discharging pipe 511.

After the computer calculates the color arrangement and determines the coloring order, the stepping motor is driven to rotate, so that the main turntable 5 rotates. The signal receiving end 62 of the positioning disk 6 with the corresponding color receives the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting end 54, and the main rotating disk 5 stops rotating. Then the conveying pump is started to work to convey the pigment with the corresponding color. The toner enters the delivery port 61 through the delivery pipe 611, then enters the discharge port 51, and then is delivered to the toner inlet port 31 through the discharge pipe 511, and then enters the color spray pipe 3. And finally, the air pump is started to work, the air sprayed from the air flow pipeline 121 drives the pigment in the color spraying pipeline 3 to be sprayed out together, and the pigment is finally sprayed on the surface of the product to finish coloring.

In order to make the color of the sprayed paint more accurate, after finishing coloring one color, the residual pigment inside needs to be processed first, and then the next color is colored.

The device has the functions of cleaning and recovering the pigment in the airflow pipeline 121. When necessary, the main rotary disc 5 is slightly rotated, so that the discharge pipe 511 is not correspondingly communicated with any one of the delivery pipes 611. And then starting the electric one-way valve, driving the air pump to work, and starting the air pump to work to jet high-pressure air flow towards the air inlet pipe 512. The high-pressure gas flow enters the discharge port 51, then enters the discharge pipe 511, then enters the color spraying pipeline 3, and finally is sprayed out from the port of the gas flow pipeline 121. Meanwhile, the other independently working outlet of the air pump is also opened to work, high-pressure airflow is sprayed into the airflow pipeline 121, and the high-pressure airflow in the color spraying pipeline 3 is matched through the siphon principle, so that the residual pigment in the air pump is sprayed out.

A recovery bin can be arranged at the port of the gas flow pipeline 121 for recovering the sprayed pigment. And each recycling bin is only used for recycling the pigment with a single color.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims, rather than the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional 3D printer which characterized in that: the nozzle comprises a nozzle (1) and a material changing assembly, wherein a first contraction part (11) and a second contraction part (12) which are arranged in a high-low mode are arranged at the end part of the nozzle (1), a material pipeline (111) and an air flow pipeline (121) are arranged in the nozzle (1), an opening is formed in the end part of the first contraction part (11) of the material pipeline (111), and an opening is formed in the end part of the second contraction part (12) of the air flow pipeline (121); an air suction channel (2) is arranged on the side part above the first contraction part (11), the air suction channel (2) is communicated with the material pipeline (111), and an air suction port (21) located on the outer wall of the nozzle (1) is arranged at the port of the air suction channel (2); and a color spraying pipeline (3) is arranged on the side part above the second contraction part (12), the color spraying pipeline (3) is obliquely arranged at 45 degrees, the lower end of the color spraying pipeline is connected with the air flow pipeline (121), and a coloring material inlet port (31) positioned on the outer wall of the nozzle (1) is arranged at the high end of the color spraying pipeline (3).

2. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material changing assembly comprises a main rotating disc (5) and a positioning disc (6), the circular end faces of the main rotating disc (5) and the positioning disc (6) are mutually attached and are arranged in a sealing mode, the main rotating disc and the positioning disc can rotate relatively, a discharge port (51) is arranged on the end face of the main rotating disc (5), the discharge port (51) is connected with a discharge pipe (511), and the discharge pipe (511) is connected with a pigment inlet port (31); a plurality of conveying ports (61) are circumferentially arranged on the end face of the positioning disc (6), the conveying ports (61) are connected with a conveying pipe (611), the conveying ports (61) are independent from each other, internal pipelines are not communicated, and when the axes of the discharging pipe (511) and the conveying pipe (611) are superposed, the pipelines of the discharging pipe (511) and the conveying pipe (611) are communicated, so that the conveying pipe (611) can convey coloring materials with different colors for the discharging pipe (511); the conveying pipe (611) is connected with a conveying pump.

3. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the discharging port (51) is further connected with an air inlet pipe (512), the air inlet pipe (512) is connected with an air pump, and an electric one-way valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe (512).

4. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the main turntable (5) is provided with a middle rotating shaft (52), the middle rotating shaft (52) is supported by two brackets (7), a plurality of bearings are arranged at the supporting positions, a gear part (53) is arranged at the part of the middle rotating shaft (52) between the two brackets (7), the gear part (53) is meshed and connected with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven to rotate by a stepping motor; the positioning plate (6) is provided with a supporting shaft (63), and the supporting shaft (63) is supported by a support.

5. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 3, characterized in that: a signal transmitting end (54) is arranged on the outer circular surface of the main rotary table (5) in the linear direction corresponding to the circle center from the discharge pipe (511) to the main rotary table (5); the outer circular surface of the positioning disc (6) is provided with signal receiving ends (62) corresponding to the straight line direction from each discharge pipe (511) to the center of the positioning disc (6); the signal transmitting end (54) and the signal receiving end (62) are connected with the delivery pump in signal communication; when one of the signal receiving ends (62) receives the signal emitted by the signal emitting end (54), the conveying pump conveys the pigment with the corresponding color to the corresponding conveying pipe (611).

6. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the air pump is in signal connection with the signal transmitting end (54), the signal receiving end (62) and the electric one-way valve, and when the signal receiving end (62) does not exist and receives a signal sent by the signal transmitting end (54), and the electric one-way valve is opened, the air pump sprays high-pressure air flow towards the air inlet pipe (512).

7. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the material pipeline (111) provides materials for printing for the nozzle (1); the air flow pipeline (121) is connected with another independent working output port of the air pump.

8. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air suction port (21) is connected with an air pipe of an external reciprocating pump; the reciprocating pump can complete air suction and exhaust through the air pipe.

9. The multifunctional 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: if the diameter of the material pipeline (111) is less than or equal to 5mm, the bottom end of the first contraction part (11) is lower than the bottom end of the second contraction part (12) by 3 mm; if the diameter of the material pipeline (111) is larger than 5mm, the lower value of the bottom end of the first contraction part (11) than the bottom end of the second contraction part (12) is equal to the diameter value of the material pipeline (111).