Double-umbrella type adjustable bolt taking device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a cardiovascular and cerebrovascular thrombus taking device, in particular to a double-umbrella type adjustable thrombus taking device.
Background
The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular embolism may cause myocardial infarction and cerebral apoplexy, which pose a great threat to the life health of human beings. The current main treatment methods comprise drug thrombolysis, mechanical thrombus extraction, thrombus suction and the like. Mechanical thrombus removal and thrombus suction both take out thrombus from human blood vessels by a physical method, so that the blood vessels are communicated again, and normal flow of blood is restored, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment. The mechanical thrombus removal is realized by delivering a thrombus removal bracket made of a memory alloy material to a target position with the assistance of a guide wire and a catheter, and after the thrombus removal bracket is released, the thrombus is captured and pulled into the catheter and then taken out of the body.
However, the existing thrombus taking stent is generally in a drum shape after being released, the thrombus can be caught only from one side, the surface of the stent is formed by grids, the clamping force is limited, and the thrombus is easy to fall off from the thrombus taking stent in the thrombus taking process. If the thrombus falls off or is broken, the existing thrombus taking support cannot be caught any more, and the fallen or broken thrombus escapes along with blood, so that the risk is huge. In addition, the diameter of the existing thrombus removal stent can not be adjusted after the release, and the adaptability to blood vessels is poor. Specifically, if the diameter of the selected stent is too large, the blood vessel is easily scratched in the thrombus extraction process; if the selected specification is smaller, the thrombus with larger volume is difficult to capture.
Therefore, those skilled in the art have made an effort to develop a double umbrella type adjustable thrombus extraction device, which can capture thrombus on both sides, improve the holding force, and prevent the fallen or broken thrombus from escaping with the blood stream.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize bilateral capture of thrombus, improve the clamping force, and prevent the fallen or broken thrombus from escaping with the blood flow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a double-umbrella type adjustable bolt taking device, which comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe, a near-end catching umbrella and a far-end catching umbrella; the inner pipe is positioned inside the outer pipe, and the inner pipe can slide relative to the outer pipe; the side surface of the outer pipe is provided with a slot; at the slot, the proximal capture umbrella is configured such that as the inner tube slides relative to the outer tube, an umbrella cover of the proximal capture umbrella can be stretched relative to the outer tube; the distal capturing umbrella is configured such that an umbrella cover of the distal capturing umbrella can be stretched against the outer tube as the inner tube slides against the outer tube.
Preferably, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod are provided; at the slot, the top of the near-end capturing umbrella is connected with the outer pipe, and the umbrella surface of the near-end capturing umbrella is connected with the inner pipe through the first connecting rod; at the slotted position, the top of the far-end capturing umbrella is connected with the outer pipe, and the far-end capturing umbrella is connected with the inner pipe through the second connecting rod; the first connecting rod is configured to be capable of inward folding and outward unfolding relative to the inner tube and the umbrella cover of the proximal capture umbrella; the second connecting rod is configured to be capable of inward folding and outward unfolding relative to the inner tube and the umbrella cover of the proximal capture umbrella.
More preferably, the first connecting rod is hinged with the inner tube and the umbrella cover of the proximal capture umbrella; the second connecting rod is hinged with the inner tube and the umbrella cover of the far-end capturing umbrella.
Still further preferably, a hinge structure is included, the hinge structure including an inner shaft and an outer ring; the inner shaft is positioned inside the outer ring, and the inner shaft and the outer ring can rotate relatively; the first connecting rod is hinged with the inner pipe and the umbrella cover of the near-end capturing umbrella through the hinge structure; the second connecting rod is hinged with the inner pipe and the umbrella cover of the far-end capturing umbrella through the hinge structure.
Still further preferably, the top of the proximal capturing umbrella is connected to the outer tube by the hinge structure, and the distal capturing umbrella is connected to the outer tube by the hinge structure.
Further, the device also comprises an external handle, and the external handle is connected with the inner tube.
Further, the umbrella mouth opening direction of the near-end capturing umbrella is opposite to that of the far-end capturing umbrella.
Further, the umbrella mouth opening directions of the near-end capturing umbrella and the far-end capturing umbrella are the same.
Further, the skeleton of the near-end capturing umbrella or the far-end capturing umbrella is covered with an anti-leakage layer.
Further, the leakage-proof layer includes a polymer film.
Further, the leakage-proof layer comprises a metal mesh grid.
Further, the system also comprises a head end; the head end is connected with the tail end of the outer pipe; the head end shape includes the round platform form, and the head end is kept away from one side of outer tube tail end is the round platform top.
Further, the head end and the outer tube are integrally formed.
Furthermore, the head end and the inner tube are both hollow structures with openings at two ends, and the inner tube is communicated with the inner diameter of the head end.
Further, the outer edge of the top end of the head end is a convex curved surface.
Further, a fastening bolt is further included, and the fastening bolt is mounted on the side surface of the outer pipe; the securing peg is configured to secure the inner tube.
Preferably, the fastening bolt is i-shaped and is installed between the outer pipe and the inner pipe gap.
Further, a scale table is also included; the dial gauge is arranged outside the side face of the inner tube; the scale meter is configured to measure an opening angle of an umbrella cover of the near-end capturing umbrella and the far-end capturing umbrella, or to measure a diameter of an opening plane of the umbrella cover of the near-end capturing umbrella and the far-end capturing umbrella.
Preferably, the outer tube side surface is provided with a third slot configured for viewing the scale.
Preferably, the outer tube side surface is a transparent material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the double-umbrella structure is arranged, so that double-side capture of thrombus is realized, the clamping force is improved, the thrombus is well fixed, and the probability of unstable clamping or clamping falling of the thrombus in the thrombus taking process is remarkably reduced;
2) the anti-leakage layer is arranged on the surface of the double-umbrella structure, so that the falling or broken thrombus is effectively prevented from escaping along with the blood flow, and the clinical risk of the thrombus taking operation can be reduced;
3) the dial gauge is arranged and matched with the external handle end to accurately adjust the double-umbrella structure.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dual umbrella adjustable embolectomy device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the proximal capturing umbrella and the distal capturing umbrella spread;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the proximal capturing umbrella and the distal capturing umbrella of the embodiment of FIG. 1 without an anti-leakage layer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the use of the embodiment of FIG. 1 to capture thrombus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fastening bolt and a scale according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hinge structure according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a dual umbrella adjustable thrombectomy device in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the proximal capturing umbrella and the distal capturing umbrella of the embodiment shown in fig. 7 without an anti-leakage layer.
Description of reference numerals:
1-inner tube, 101-dial gauge, 2-outer tube, 3-fastening bolt, 4-near end capturing umbrella, 5-far end capturing umbrella, 6-head end, 7-support rod, 81-first connecting rod, 82-second connecting rod, 9-inner shaft and 10-outer ring.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic views of a double umbrella type adjustable bolt-removing device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The double-umbrella type adjustable bolt taking device comprises an inner pipe 1, an outer pipe 2, a near-end capturing umbrella 4 and a far-end capturing umbrella 5. Wherein, the inner tube 1 passes through the outer tube 2, and the inner tube 1 can slide relative to the outer tube 2. The side surface of the outer tube 2 is provided with a slot; in the slot, the umbrella cover of the proximal capture umbrella 4 can be propped against the outer tube 2 along with the sliding of the inner tube 1 relative to the outer tube 2; in the slot, as the inner tube 1 slides relative to the outer tube 2, the umbrella surface of the far-end catching umbrella 5 can be propped against the outer tube 2. In this embodiment, the umbrella surface skeletons of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 include a plurality of struts 7. It should be noted that the proximal 4 and distal 5 capturing umbrellas may be in one of said slots, or, as shown in fig. 1, in a different one of said slots.
As shown in fig. 3, a first connecting rod 81 and a second connecting rod 82 are provided, so that the moment when the inner tube 1 drives the umbrella covers of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 to be supported is longer, and the labor is saved; wherein, the first connecting rod 81 is connected with the umbrella surface of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the inner tube 1; the second connecting rod 82 connects the umbrella cover of the distal capturing umbrella 5 and the inner tube 1. Specifically, when the acting force is applied to the head end of the inner tube 1 to axially slide the inner tube 1 along the outer tube 2, the force applying point has a certain distance from the connection points of the first connecting rod 81 and the second connecting rod 82 with the inner tube 1, so that the first connecting rod 81 and the second connecting rod 82 have a certain force arm when being folded inwards or unfolded, and the purpose of saving labor is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 are in a closed state. At the moment, the proximal catching umbrella 4 and the distal catching umbrella 5 are closed at the groove of the outer tube 2, so that the embolectomy device has a smaller diameter, good trafficability is obtained, and injury to blood vessels during delivery is avoided as much as possible.
To further reduce the damage of the delivered embolectomy device to the blood vessel, a head end 6 as shown in fig. 1 is preferably provided; the head end 6 is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the bottom surface of the head end 6 is connected with the outer tube 2, so that the head end 6 is in a necking shape along the implantation direction of the outer tube 2. Preferably, the outer edge of the tip of the head end 6 is convexly curved, such as annularly curved, to avoid as much damage to the vessel as possible due to delivery of the embolectomy device. In addition, for matching with a guide wire or a catheter, the head end 6 and the inner tube 1 are of a hollow structure with two open ends, and the inner tube 1 is communicated with the head end 6 in inner diameter.
As shown in fig. 2, the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 are in the opened state, and the umbrella surface openings of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 are opposite. When the thrombus taking device is pulled away from a focus, the thrombus can be acted by an action force opposite to the pulling away direction, so that the thrombus is easy to fall off; at this time, the distal end of the reverse opening catching umbrella 5 can prevent the dropped or broken thrombus from escaping with the blood. In addition, the bilateral catching structure consisting of the proximal catching umbrella 4 and the distal catching umbrella 5 can improve the clamping force on thrombus with a certain size, reduce the probability of thrombus falling, improve the safety of the thrombus extraction operation and reduce the clinical risk.
In order to further reduce the risk of separation from the clamping structure after thrombus is broken, the umbrella covers of the near-end catching umbrella 4 and the far-end catching umbrella 5 are preferably provided with anti-leakage layers; the anti-leakage layer covers the umbrella covers of the near-end catching umbrella 4 and the far-end catching umbrella 5. More preferably, the leakage-proof layer comprises a woven metal mesh, or a polymer film material, so as to avoid blood infection. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the umbrella covers of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 are covered with a metal mesh.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the thrombus being held by the thrombectomy device of the present invention.
When the bolt taking device is placed in place, the outer tube 2 is kept fixed, and the inner tube 1 moves towards the tail end of the outer tube 2. Along with the movement of the inner tube 1, the first connecting rod 81 connected with the inner tube 1 starts to be folded at a certain angle from being parallel to the outer tube 2, so that the umbrella cover of the proximal capture umbrella 4 is gradually unfolded; meanwhile, the second connecting rod 82 connected with the inner tube 1 is folded at a certain angle from being parallel to the outer tube 2, so that the umbrella cover of the far-end capturing umbrella 5 is gradually unfolded. The inner tube 1 is moved further so that the openings of the proximal catching umbrella 4 and the distal catching umbrella 5 can grip at least thrombus. Then, the outer tube 2 is kept fixed, the inner tube 1 moves towards the head end of the outer tube 2, the umbrella opening of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 is gradually folded through the first connecting rod 81, and meanwhile, the umbrella opening of the distal capturing umbrella 5 is gradually folded through the second connecting rod 82, so that double-side clamping of thrombus is realized.
In clinical practice, the thrombus removal device is generally required to be finely adjusted for many times after being placed in place. To prevent the openings of the covers of the proximal catching umbrella 4 and the distal catching umbrella 5 from being suddenly small and affecting the catching or holding effect during multiple fine adjustments, it is preferable that a fastening pin 3 is provided to fix the position of the inner tube 1 relative to the outer tube 2, as shown in fig. 5. Preferably, the fastening bolt 3 is of an I-shaped structure, and the lower half part of the fastening bolt is positioned in the gap between the outer pipe 2 and the inner pipe 1. When in use, the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 can be fixed relatively by pressing the fastening bolt 3. Preferably, the fastening pin 3 is installed near the head end of the outer tube 2 for the convenience of extracorporeal operation.
In addition, in order to accurately measure the influence of the moving distance of the inner tube 1 on the opening angle of the umbrella covers of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5, or the diameter of the plane after the umbrella covers of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 are opened, it is preferable to provide a scale 101 as shown in fig. 5; the scale 101 is disposed outside the side surface of the inner tube 1. At this time, the marked amount of the scale 101 may be a distance, an angle, and a diameter. When the marked quantity of the dial gauge 101 is distance, the moving distance of the inner tube 1 relative to the outer tube 2 can be read, and the opening angle and the opening diameter of the current umbrella surface of the near-end capturing umbrella 4 and the far-end capturing umbrella 5 are calculated; when the marked amount of the dial gauge 101 is an angle, the current opening angles of the near-end capturing umbrella 4 and the far-end capturing umbrella 5 can be directly read; when the marked amount of the dial gauge 101 is the diameter, the current opening diameters of the near-end capturing umbrella 4 and the far-end capturing umbrella 5 can be directly read.
To facilitate viewing of the scale 101, the outer tube 2 may be of a transparent material; alternatively, a notch enabling observation of the scale 101 is provided near the head end of the outer tube 2 to reduce the material cost.
The arrangement of the dial gauge 101 can pre-estimate the relative distance that the inner tube 1 needs to move or the estimated opening angle or opening diameter of the near-end catching umbrella 4 and the far-end catching umbrella 5 according to the diameter of the target blood vessel and the volume of the thrombus, which is beneficial to improving the effect and efficiency of catching the thrombus and reducing the injury of the thrombus extraction operation on the blood vessel.
In consideration of the bracing of the covers of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 with respect to the outer tube 2, the inward folding or outward unfolding of the first connecting rod 81 with respect to the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the inner tube 1 and the inward folding or outward unfolding of the second connecting rod 82 with respect to the distal capturing umbrella 5 and the inner tube 1 are preferably provided with a hinge structure as shown in fig. 6; the hinge structure comprises an inner shaft 9 and an outer ring 10; the inner shaft 9 is located inside the outer ring 10, and the inner shaft 9 and the outer ring 10 can rotate relatively. The inner shaft 9 can play a role in pulling and supporting the outer ring 10.
Specifically, taking the connection between the rod 7 and the first connecting rod 81 as an example, the outer ring 10 is fixed on the rod 7 and the inner shaft 9 is fixed on the first connecting rod 81, or the outer ring 10 is fixed on the first connecting rod 81 and the inner shaft 9 is fixed on the rod 7. The arrangement of other joints of the near-end capturing umbrella 4 and the far-end capturing umbrella 5 is the same. With the movement of the inner tube 1, the supporting rod 7 and the first connecting rod 81 are folded inwards or outwards through the hinge structure.
In order to conveniently adjust the moving distance of the inner tube 1, it is preferable to provide an external handle connected to the inner tube 1.
It should be noted that the opening directions of the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 may be the same as shown in fig. 7. FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the embolectomy device shown in FIG. 7 without an anti-leakage layer.
In fig. 7, the proximal capturing umbrella 4 and the distal capturing umbrella 5 are opened towards the tail end of the outer tube 2 after being unfolded. The arrangement can reduce the damage to the blood vessel during the process of withdrawing the thrombus removal device.
The top side of the rod 7 shown in fig. 7 is connected to the outer tube 2, the outer tube 2 being slotted near the proximal 4 and distal 5 capturing umbrellas. The other side of the strut 7 is connected to the inner tube 1 by a first connecting rod 81 or a second connecting rod 82. When the outer pipe 2 is kept fixed, the inner pipe 1 is moved, and the near-end catching umbrella 4 and the far-end catching umbrella 5 are simultaneously propped together.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.