CN111416573A - Photovoltaic module and temperature monitoring method and system thereof - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/023—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples provided with specially adapted connectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/02—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
- G01W1/04—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed giving only separate indications of the variables measured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a temperature monitoring method and system thereof in the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and aims to solve the technical problem that the temperature of a cell layer of the photovoltaic module cannot be accurately monitored in the prior art. The photovoltaic module comprises a temperature sensing unit arranged in the battery layer, and the temperature sensing unit comprises a thermocouple. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature of a battery layer, the temperature of an underlying surface and meteorological factors related to the temperature of the battery layer of a first photovoltaic module, wherein the meteorological factors comprise at least any one of total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity; establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors as well as the underlying surface temperature by using multivariate linear regression analysis; and acquiring the temperature of the underlying surface of the second photovoltaic module and meteorological factors related to the temperature of the battery layer, substituting the meteorological factors into the relation function, and solving the temperature of the battery layer of the second photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a temperature monitoring method and system thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation.
Background
The production cost, power generation efficiency, service life and reliability of photovoltaic modules, of which the temperature is an important factor, have become hot issues of research in recent years. The temperature of the photovoltaic assembly can obviously influence the power generation amount, the short-circuit current slightly rises along with the rise of the temperature of the assembly, the open-circuit voltage obviously drops, and the maximum power point and the filling factor also drop along with the rise of the short-circuit current. Meanwhile, due to the change of the environment, the performance and the service life of the power station system are directly influenced by the thermal stress generated by the temperature. Therefore, the method closely focuses on the thermal performance of the photovoltaic module and accurately evaluates the temperature of the module, and has important significance for improving the power generation efficiency, prolonging the service life of the module and improving the competitiveness of enterprises.
In most existing researches on a module temperature monitoring method, the temperature of the back plate becomes an indication of the working temperature of the module, but a certain difference exists between the temperature of the battery layer of the module and the temperature of the back plate of the module, particularly in an interval with large radiation fluctuation, and the difference is more remarkable. At present, a method for directly and effectively measuring the temperature of a photovoltaic module cell layer does not exist, and the temperature of the photovoltaic module cell layer cannot be transmitted in real time, so that the method is difficult to be applied in actual engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a photovoltaic module and a temperature monitoring method and system thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the temperature of a cell layer of the photovoltaic module cannot be accurately monitored in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a photovoltaic module comprises a temperature sensing unit arranged in a battery layer, wherein the temperature sensing unit comprises a thermocouple.
Furthermore, the temperature sensing unit is fixedly connected with the battery piece in the battery layer through the EVA film.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for monitoring a temperature of a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:
acquiring the temperature of a battery layer, the temperature of an underlying surface and meteorological factors related to the temperature of the battery layer of a first photovoltaic module, wherein the first photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module provided by the invention, and the meteorological factors comprise at least any one of total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity;
establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors as well as the underlying surface temperature by using multivariate linear regression analysis;
and acquiring the temperature of the underlying surface of the second photovoltaic module and meteorological factors related to the temperature of the battery layer, substituting the meteorological factors into the relation function, and solving the temperature of the battery layer of the second photovoltaic module.
Further, the method for acquiring the temperature of the cell layer of the first photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: and acquiring the temperature of the battery piece fixedly connected with the temperature sensing unit as the temperature of the battery layer.
Further, the relation function corresponds to different weather conditions or/and component types of the first photovoltaic component, the weather conditions comprise sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and the component types comprise single-glass single-face single-body photovoltaic components and double-glass single-face single-body photovoltaic components.
Further, the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic assembly is transmitted to a client terminal, and the client terminal comprises a mobile phone APP or/and a Web page.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides a photovoltaic module temperature monitoring system, which comprises an arithmetic processing unit, and a photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, an automatic weather station and a temperature measuring module which are respectively in communication connection with the arithmetic processing unit;
the photovoltaic module temperature test platform comprises: the method is used for acquiring the temperature of a cell layer of a first photovoltaic module, wherein the first photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module provided by the invention;
the automatic weather station: the system comprises a first photovoltaic component, a second photovoltaic component and a controller, wherein the first photovoltaic component and the second photovoltaic component are used for acquiring meteorological factors related to the temperature of a battery layer of the first photovoltaic component and the second photovoltaic component, and the meteorological factors comprise at least any one of total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity;
the temperature measurement module is characterized in that: the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperatures of the underlying surfaces of the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module;
the arithmetic processing unit: and the method is used for establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors and the underlying surface temperature by using multivariate linear regression analysis, substituting the acquired underlying surface temperature of the second photovoltaic module and the meteorological factors related to the battery layer temperature into the relation function, and solving the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic module.
Furthermore, the wireless transmission device also comprises a wireless transmission module which is electrically connected with the operation processing unit;
the wireless transmission module: the system is used for establishing communication connection between the operation processing unit and the photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, the automatic weather station and the temperature measuring module; and transmitting the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic assembly to a client terminal, wherein the client terminal comprises a mobile phone APP or/and a Web page.
Further, the wireless transmission module includes an NB-IOT module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the photovoltaic module, the temperature sensing unit is arranged in the cell layer, so that the temperature of the cell layer of the first photovoltaic module can be directly obtained. The method and the system of the invention are based on the battery layer temperature of the first photovoltaic component, utilize multivariate linear regression analysis to establish the relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors and the underlying surface temperature, and substitute the easily obtained underlying surface temperature and meteorological factors into the relation function, so as to accurately obtain the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic component without a temperature sensing unit. According to the comparison between the linear regression result and the actually measured temperature, the correlation coefficient of the linear regression result and the actually measured temperature can reach 0.99.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an embodiment of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing single-sided battery temperature test data and regression fitting results for sunny, cloudy, and cloudy days in an embodiment of the method of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of real-time data transmission of meteorological parameters and battery temperature in an embodiment of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a photovoltaic module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module temperature test platform in an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Aiming at the technical problem that the temperature of a photovoltaic module cell layer cannot be accurately monitored in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical ideas: firstly, designing a photovoltaic module capable of directly monitoring and acquiring the temperature of a battery layer; then, collecting various factors related to the temperature of the battery layer, such as the cushion surface temperature, meteorological parameters and the like; then, fitting a functional relation between the temperature of the battery layer and various factors; finally, based on the functional relation, the temperature of the battery layer of the common photovoltaic module can be rapidly calculated, and the accuracy and the timeliness of the temperature monitoring of the photovoltaic module can be obviously enhanced.
Based on the above principle, the specific embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, and specifically, as shown in fig. 5, is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module is a single photovoltaic module, the specification is 260mm × 182mm, the manufacturing material is the same as that used for producing a common single-sided module composed of 60/72 cells, and the single photovoltaic module only contains 1 cell. The manufacturing method of the single photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: firstly, welding strips on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a standard battery piece with the specification of 156 mm-156 mm, and welding bus bars to lead out; then, fixing a thermocouple probe by using a high-temperature adhesive tape, wherein the thermocouple contact is positioned in the center of the battery; next, 560g and 500g ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) films are respectively placed in close contact with the front and back surfaces of the battery, then high-light-transmittance glass is placed on the uppermost layer, namely the surface opposite to the sun, and an ultra-white glass/TPT plate is placed on the bottommost layer, wherein the bottommost layer of the dual-glass assembly is ultra-white glass, the bottommost layer of the single-glass assembly is composite materials such as TPT, the corners of the sample piece are fixed by using a common adhesive tape, and finally the sample piece is placed in a laminating machine for heat lamination. After lamination, conventional framing, cleaning and electrical performance testing were performed. In the manufacturing process, in order to avoid the problem that the common thermocouple temperature sensing line is too thick and the battery piece is broken during lamination, the thermocouple probe of the single assembly adopts a 0.08mm ultra-thin T-shaped temperature measuring line, and a matched thermocouple temperature sensing line adapter is still adopted for enabling a multi-path temperature tester to read data smoothly. In the using process, the matched thermocouple temperature sensing wire is cut off, the adapter is reserved, and the superfine T-shaped temperature measuring wire is welded with the adapter. In this embodiment, since the thermocouple as the temperature sensing unit is directly connected to the battery cell in the battery layer, the temperature of the battery cell can be easily acquired.
The specific implementation mode of the invention also provides a photovoltaic module temperature monitoring method, which is used for monitoring the temperature of a battery layer in a common photovoltaic module. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention, including the following steps:
step one, building a temperature test platform of a single photovoltaic assembly, and collecting the working temperature of a battery layer and the temperature of an underlying surface of the photovoltaic assembly;
and step two, collecting meteorological factors related to the temperature of the battery layer during the test period by using an automatic meteorological station, wherein the meteorological factors include parameters such as total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity and the like, and screening the factors which are relatively large in temperature correlation with the battery pack. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module temperature test platform in the embodiment of the method of the present invention is shown, the platform includes a single-glass single-sided photovoltaic module, a double-glass single-sided photovoltaic module, thermocouples, a multi-channel temperature tester and a mounting bracket, the thermocouples are divided into A, B two groups, the group a of thermocouples are laminated into the battery layer of the single photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module of the present invention is formed for easy distinction, the group a of thermocouples is defined as a first photovoltaic module, and the temperature of the battery layer of the first photovoltaic module can be directly measured by connecting the multi-channel temperature tester; the group B thermocouples are tightly attached to the installation underlying surface and connected with a plurality of temperature testers to be used for measuring the temperature of the underlying surface of the first photovoltaic module. And the automatic meteorological station is provided with irradiation, temperature, wind direction and humidity sensors which are used for correspondingly measuring parameters such as total radiation, scattered radiation, environment temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity and the like. In this embodiment, photovoltaic module temperature test platform is open monomer photovoltaic module temperature test platform, and its process of building is: the method comprises the following steps of constructing a mounting support by using aluminum profiles, wherein the angle of the support is the local optimum radiation inclination angle, the mounting height is 60cm away from the ground, a monomer assembly is mounted on the support, and the mounting angle of a thermopile irradiation sensor is consistent with that of the monomer assembly. The multi-path temperature tester collects the temperature of the battery layer under the open circuit condition of the experimental assembly, and the automatic meteorological station synchronously collects meteorological parameters in the experiment.
And step three, establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature of the first photovoltaic module and the meteorological factors and the underlying surface temperature by using multiple linear regression analysis. Typical sunny day, cloudy day and rainy day data (data volume > 10) can be selected from data collected by the test platform and the automatic weather station5) And selecting meteorological parameters which have obvious influence on the temperature of the battery layer by using a multivariate linear regression analysis method, finally selecting total radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed and underlying surface temperature, and establishing a linear regression equation, namely the relation function. And selecting part of the actually measured data to compare with the regression result, specifically as shown in fig. 3, wherein the actually measured data is a comparison graph of the single-sided battery temperature test data and the regression fitting result in sunny days, cloudy days and cloudy days in the embodiment of the method, the fitting degree of the two is high, and the correlation coefficient of the linear regression result and the temperature of the battery layer of the actually measured component can reach 0.99. The multiple linear regression equation is specifically as follows:
the single-glass single-side assembly battery layer temperature calculation formula in sunny days is as follows:
Tc＝-2.614+0.018G+1.053Ta+0.058Tg-0.033v (1)
the formula of the temperature of the battery layer of the double-glass single-sided assembly in sunny days is as follows:
Tc＝-3.811+0.018G+1.117Ta+0.081Tg-0.001v (2)
the formula of the temperature of the single-glass single-side assembly battery layer in the cloudy days is calculated as follows:
Tc＝-0.755+0.020G+0.562Ta+0.496Tg-0.045v (3)
the calculation formula of the temperature of the battery layer of the multi-cloud-day double-glass single-sided assembly is as follows:
Tc＝-2.007+0.017G+0.470Ta+0.674Tg-0.074v (4)
the single-glass single-side assembly battery layer temperature calculation formula in rainy days:
Tc＝-2.680+0.019G+0.488Ta+0.661Tg-0.121v (5)
the formula is calculated by the temperature of the double-glass single-sided assembly battery layer in rainy days:
Tc＝-4.718+0.015G+0.282Ta+0.976Tg-0.113v (6)
in the formula, TcIs the cell layer temperature (unit:. degree. C.) of the photovoltaic module; g is the total radiation (unit: W/m)2)；TaIs the ambient temperature (unit:. degree. C.); t isgThe temperature of the underlying surface (unit:. degree. C.); v is the wind speed (unit: m/s).
In this embodiment, the weather is divided into three types of sunny, cloudy, and cloudy by defining the irradiance attenuation index K value. Defining the weather type according to the calculated K value:
when K is less than 0.3, the weather is clear; when K is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2.9, the cloud is considered; when K is more than 2.9, the weather is considered as rainy days, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: k is the irradiance attenuation index, SAThe area of the region enclosed by the theoretical irradiance curve and the time axis; sBThe area of the region surrounded by the actual irradiance and the time axis.
And step four, measuring the temperature of the underlying surface of the common photovoltaic module, and acquiring meteorological factors such as total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity and the like when the temperature of the underlying surface is measured through an automatic meteorological station. For the sake of distinction, the common photovoltaic module is defined as the second photovoltaic module in this embodiment. And then substituting the temperature of the underlying surface of the second photovoltaic module and meteorological factors into the relation function to obtain the temperature of the battery layer of the second photovoltaic module.
And step five, wirelessly transmitting the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic module obtained in the step four to client terminals such as a mobile phone APP and a Web webpage by using the NB-IOT module, wherein the real-time weather parameters can also be transmitted together. Fig. 4 shows a display interface of the client terminal, which is a real-time data transmission diagram of meteorological parameters and battery temperature in the embodiment of the method of the present invention.
The invention further provides a photovoltaic module temperature monitoring system which is used for realizing the method. As shown in fig. 2, the system of the embodiment of the present invention is schematically operated, and the system includes an operation processing unit, a photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, an automatic weather station, a temperature measuring module, a wireless transmission module, and a client terminal, wherein the operation processing unit is electrically connected to the wireless transmission module, and the operation processing unit is respectively in wireless communication with the photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, the automatic weather station, the temperature measuring module, and the client terminal through the wireless transmission module, so as to interact data. The method comprises the following specific steps:
photovoltaic module temperature test platform: the temperature of a battery layer of the first photovoltaic module is obtained;
automatic weather station: the system comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring meteorological factors related to the temperature of a battery layer, and the meteorological factors comprise at least any one of total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity;
a temperature measurement module: the thermocouple is used for acquiring the temperatures of the underlying surfaces of the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module and is correspondingly arranged on a photovoltaic module temperature test platform and a photovoltaic power station;
an arithmetic processing unit: the system is used for establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors and the underlying surface temperature by using multivariate linear regression analysis, substituting the acquired underlying surface temperature of the second photovoltaic module and the meteorological factors related to the battery layer temperature into the relation function, and solving the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic module;
a wireless transmission module: the wireless communication connection between the operation processing unit and the photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, the automatic weather station and the temperature measuring module is established, the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic module is obtained and transmitted to the client terminal, and the client terminal comprises a mobile phone APP or/and a Web page. In this embodiment, the wireless transmission module adopts an NB-IOT module.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising a temperature sensing unit arranged in a battery layer, wherein the temperature sensing unit comprises a thermocouple.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensing unit is fixedly connected with the cell sheet in the cell layer through an EVA film.
3. A photovoltaic module temperature monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a cell layer temperature, an underlying surface temperature, and meteorological factors related to the cell layer temperature of a first photovoltaic module, wherein the first photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module in claim 1 or 2, and the meteorological factors comprise at least any one of total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity;
establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors as well as the underlying surface temperature by using multivariate linear regression analysis;
and acquiring the temperature of the underlying surface of the second photovoltaic module and meteorological factors related to the temperature of the battery layer, substituting the meteorological factors into the relation function, and solving the temperature of the battery layer of the second photovoltaic module.
4. The method for monitoring the temperature of the photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the temperature of the cell layer of the first photovoltaic module comprises: and acquiring the temperature of the battery piece fixedly connected with the temperature sensing unit as the temperature of the battery layer.
5. The method for monitoring the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly according to claim 3, wherein the relation function corresponds to different weather conditions or/and assembly types of the first photovoltaic assembly, the weather conditions comprise sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and the assembly types comprise single-glass single-face single-body photovoltaic assemblies and double-glass single-face single-body photovoltaic assemblies.
6. The method for monitoring the temperature of the photovoltaic module according to claim 3, further comprising transmitting the obtained temperature of the battery layer of the second photovoltaic module to a client terminal, wherein the client terminal comprises a mobile phone APP or/and a Web page.
7. A photovoltaic module temperature monitoring system is characterized by comprising an arithmetic processing unit, a photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, an automatic weather station and a temperature measuring module, wherein the photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, the automatic weather station and the temperature measuring module are respectively in communication connection with the arithmetic processing unit;
the photovoltaic module temperature test platform comprises: for obtaining a cell layer temperature of a first photovoltaic module comprising the photovoltaic module of claim 1 or 2;
the automatic weather station: the system comprises a first photovoltaic component, a second photovoltaic component and a controller, wherein the first photovoltaic component and the second photovoltaic component are used for acquiring meteorological factors related to the temperature of a battery layer of the first photovoltaic component and the second photovoltaic component, and the meteorological factors comprise at least any one of total radiation, scattered radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity;
the temperature measurement module is characterized in that: the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperatures of the underlying surfaces of the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module;
the arithmetic processing unit: and the method is used for establishing a relation function between the battery layer temperature and meteorological factors and the underlying surface temperature by using multivariate linear regression analysis, substituting the acquired underlying surface temperature of the second photovoltaic module and the meteorological factors related to the battery layer temperature into the relation function, and solving the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic module.
8. The photovoltaic module temperature monitoring system according to claim 7, further comprising a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the arithmetic processing unit;
the wireless transmission module: the system is used for establishing communication connection between the operation processing unit and the photovoltaic module temperature testing platform, the automatic weather station and the temperature measuring module; and transmitting the battery layer temperature of the second photovoltaic assembly to a client terminal, wherein the client terminal comprises a mobile phone APP or/and a Web page.
9. The photovoltaic module temperature monitoring system of claim 8, wherein the wireless transmission module comprises an NB-IOT module.
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