CN111416546B - Magnetic field driven bistable structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic field driven bistable structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111416546B CN111416546B CN202010250564.6A CN202010250564A CN111416546B CN 111416546 B CN111416546 B CN 111416546B CN 202010250564 A CN202010250564 A CN 202010250564A CN 111416546 B CN111416546 B CN 111416546B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/22—Methods relating to manufacturing, e.g. assembling, calibration
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic field driving bistable structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and the magnetic field driving bistable structure comprises a bistable laminated plate and a magnetic sensitive deformation driver for driving the bistable laminated plate to deform, wherein the magnetic sensitive deformation driver is fixed on the surface of the bistable laminated plate. The magnetic field driving bistable structure and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages of high response speed, simple structure, simple control, convenient operation and simple manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent deformable structures and composite materials, in particular to a magnetic field driven bistable structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Composite bistability refers to a structure that has two deformability and can maintain a stable state after deformation without continuous energy input. Due to the characteristics, the solar cell has great application potential in the fields of deformable wings, unfolding structures, unfoldable solar panels and the like. With the development of the aviation and aerospace industries, higher requirements are put on the deformation capability of the deformable structure. The intelligent driving mode of the bistable structure mainly uses shape memory alloy, piezoelectric material and the like at present. However, the existing driving method has a slow response speed and has a certain influence on the rigidity and curvature of the driving method, so that a new intelligent driving method for driving is needed to be provided.
For example, the invention of a "reconfigurable bistable device" disclosed in the chinese patent literature, having publication No. CN103035427B, comprising an elastically deformable plate laterally disposed between and connected to one or more mounting members, said one or more mounting members being directly or indirectly connected to opposite ends of said plate, said plate being held under a compressive force along at least one vector extending between said opposite ends, which deforms the plate into one of two stable deformed positions, is the use of shape memory alloys to deform bistable structures, having the drawback of slow response speed and of having a certain influence on the stiffness, curvature of the structure itself.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic field driving bistable structure and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming at overcoming the problems that the response speed of the existing driving mode is slow and certain influence is caused on the rigidity and the curvature of the magnetic field driving bistable structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a magnetic field driven bistable structure comprises a bistable laminate plate and a magnetic sensitive deformation driver used for driving the bistable laminate plate to deform, wherein the magnetic sensitive deformation driver is fixed on the surface of the bistable laminate plate, the bistable laminate plate comprises two layers of ply materials, and the ply materials are orthogonally laid.
In the technical scheme, the magnetic-sensing deformation driver is fixed outside the bistable state laminated plate, the structure is simple, the bistable state laminated plate has a bistable characteristic, namely the bistable state laminated plate has multiple stable forms, the form is maintained without external force, the magnetic-sensing deformation driver provides driving force for the deformation of the bistable state laminated plate, the magnetic-sensing deformation driver can be bent towards one side only by adding an external magnetic field, the bending moment generated by the bending of the magnetic-sensing deformation driver drives the bistable state laminated plate to be converted from one stable state to a second stable state, the control is simple, and the operation is convenient; and the magnetic sensitive deformation driver has better driving response capability and high driving speed, and the orthogonal laying of the layering material is favorable for generating residual stress after heating and curing, so that the obtained bistable laminated plate has two stable states.
Preferably, the bistable laminate is bonded to the magneto-sensitive deformation actuator.
The bonding positions of the magnetic sensitive deformation drivers on different bistable state laminated plates are different, and the bonding mode facilitates the connection between the bistable state laminated plates and the magnetic sensitive deformation drivers.
Preferably, the magneto-rheological deformation driver is set as a magneto-rheological elastomer driver, and the magneto-rheological elastomer driver comprises a flexible substrate and magnetic particles for driving the flexible substrate to bend and deform under the action of an external magnetic field.
The magneto-rheological elastomer driver has better driving response capability and high driving speed, can realize non-contact driving, and under the action of an external magnetic field, magnetic particles move so as to bend the flexible substrate, so that the driving force of the magneto-rheological deformation driver on the bistable laminated plate can be controlled by controlling the external magnetic field, and the driving force is easy to regulate and control.
Preferably, the magnetic particles are chain-like distributed within the flexible matrix.
When the magnetic particles are distributed in a chain shape, the magnetic particles move under the action of an external magnetic field, so that the flexible matrix is driven to bend, and the force applied to the magnetic particles is different according to the difference of the external magnetic field, so that the deformation degree of the flexible matrix can be controlled by controlling the external magnetic field.
Preferably, the ply material is provided with T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin.
The bistable state laminated plate needs to be transformed between two stable states, and the T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg has good toughness, so that the bistable state laminated plate is not easy to break.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the adopted technical scheme is as follows: a manufacturing method of a magnetic field driven bistable structure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: orthogonally paving a layering material, and heating and curing to complete the manufacture of the bistable state laminated plate;
step two: mixing a flexible matrix material with magnetic particles to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven for vacuumizing, then placing the mixture in a sealed mould and curing under a uniform magnetic field to finish the manufacture of the magneto-dependent deformation driver;
step three: a magnetically sensitive deformation actuator is secured to the bi-stable laminate.
In the step two, the flexible base material is a main body of the magnetic sensitive deformation driver, magnetic particles are distributed in a chain shape under the action of a magnetic field, in the step three, the magnetic sensitive deformation driver is fixed on the bistable state laminated plate, and the magnetic sensitive deformation driver bends to generate bending moment to generate driving force for the bistable state laminated plate, so that the bistable state laminated plate deforms.
Preferably, in the second step, the flexible base material is silicone rubber.
Compared with natural rubber and other synthetic rubbers, the silicon rubber has good viscoelasticity and high-temperature resistance, is softer, has simple manufacturing process and controllable curing time.
Preferably, in step two, the magnetic particles are hard magnetic particles.
The hard magnetic particles have high maximum energy product, namely, the hard magnetic particles have higher maximum magnetic energy density stored and available in unit volume of the permanent magnetic material, high coercive force, high residual magnetic flux density and large residual magnetization intensity, and in addition, the stability is also high.
Preferably, the hard magnetic particles are neodymium iron boron magnetic powder.
The neodymium iron boron magnetic powder has better magnetism, is convenient for improving the performance of the magnetic variable-elasticity body driver, and has high cost performance.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the response speed is high, the structure is simple, the control is simple, the operation is convenient, and the manufacture is simple;
(2) the orthogonal laying of the layering materials is that the bistable laminated plate has two stable states;
(3) the magneto-rheological elastomer driver is adopted, so that the magneto-rheological elastomer driver has better driving response capability and high driving speed, non-contact driving can be realized, and the driving force is easy to regulate and control;
(4) the hard magnetic particles are set to be neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, so that the performance of the magnetic variable-elasticity body driver is improved conveniently, and the cost performance is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field driven bistable structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a magneto-dependent deformation actuator;
FIG. 3 is an internal structure of a magnetic deformation-sensitive actuator without magnetic field;
FIG. 4 is an internal structure of a magneto-dependent deformation actuator made with a magnetic field;
FIG. 5 is a deformation diagram of a magneto-sensitive deformation actuator secured at one end;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first placement position of a magnetic field driven bistable configuration magnetosensitive deformation actuator;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second placement position of a magnetic field driven bistable configuration magnetosensitive deformation actuator;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third placement position of a magnetic field driven bistable configuration magnetosensitive deformation actuator;
in the figure: 1. the bistable laminated plate comprises a bistable laminated plate 2, a magnetic sensitive deformation driver 201, a flexible substrate 202, magnetic particles 3, a mould 4 and an electromagnet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
in the embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1, a magnetic field driven bistable structure comprises a bistable laminate 1 and a magneto-deformation actuator 2 for driving the bistable laminate 1 to deform, wherein the magneto-deformation actuator 2 is adhered to the surface of the bistable laminate 1 by an adhesive, the magneto-deformation actuator 2 is mainly fixed at the edge of the bistable laminate 1, and the magneto-deformation actuator 2 is set as a magneto-rheological elastomer actuator.
In the present embodiment, the bistable laminate 1 has a bistable characteristic, and has a plurality of stable forms, which do not require an external force to maintain the form, but as shown in fig. 5, the magnetic deformation actuator 2 bends to one side under the action of an external magnetic field to generate a bending moment, and the bending moment generates a sudden force that urges the bistable laminate 1 to transition from the first stable state to the second stable state, so as to deform the bistable laminate 1. The magneto-rheological deformation driver 2 is set as a magneto-rheological elastomer driver, has better driving response capability and high driving speed, can realize non-contact driving, and can control the driving force of the magneto-rheological deformation driver 2 on the bistable state laminated plate 1 by controlling an external magnetic field, so that the driving force is easy to regulate and control.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, since the magnetic deformation driver 2 is adhered to the bistable laminate 1, the fixing position of the magnetic deformation driver 2 can be changed as required, and the bistable laminate 1 with different shapes and structures can be generated according to the placing positions of different magnetic deformation drivers 2, so that the structure can be applied to various fields, such as deformable wings, unfolding structures, unfoldable solar panels, aerospace fields and the like.
Furthermore, the magneto-rheological deformation driver is set as a magneto-rheological elastomer driver, the magneto-rheological elastomer driver comprises a flexible substrate and magnetic particles for driving the flexible substrate to bend and deform under the action of an external magnetic field, and the magnetic particles are distributed in the flexible substrate in a chained mode. The magnetorheological elastomer driver has better driving response capability and high driving speed, and can realize non-contact driving. When the magnetic particles are in chain distribution, the magnetic particles move under the action of an external magnetic field, so that the flexible substrate is driven to bend, and the force applied to the magnetic particles is different according to the difference of the external magnetic field, so that the driving force of the magnetic sensitive deformation driver on the bistable state laminated plate can be controlled by controlling the external magnetic field, and the driving force is easy to regulate and control.
Example 2:
the embodiment 2 is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that: the bistable state laminated plate 1 comprises two layers of paving materials, the paving materials are orthogonally paved, the paving materials are orthogonal irregular materials, and the orthogonal paving of the paving materials is beneficial to generating residual stress after heating and curing, so that the obtained bistable state laminated plate 1 has two stable states. The ply material is set to be T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin, the single-layer thickness is 0.03mm, the bistable state laminated plate 1 needs to be transformed between two stable states, and the T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin prepreg has good toughness, so that the bistable state laminated plate 1 is not easy to break.
Example 3:
a manufacturing method of a magnetic field driven bistable structure comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: orthogonally paving two paving materials, wherein the paving materials are T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin, and then finishing the manufacture of the bistable state laminated plate 1 by adopting an autoclave molding process, namely curing the paving materials at high temperature and high pressure so as to generate two stable states;
step two: mixing the flexible matrix material with the magnetic particles 202 to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven for vacuumizing, then placing the mixture in a sealed mold 3 and curing under a uniform magnetic field to complete the manufacture of the magneto-rheological elastomer driver 2, namely the manufacture of the magneto-rheological elastomer driver;
step three: and (3) adhering the magnetic sensitive deformation driver 2 on the bistable state laminated plate 1 through an adhesive to complete the manufacture of the magnetic field driven bistable state laminated plate.
In the first step, the cross laying of the layering material is beneficial to generating residual stress after heating and curing, so that the obtained bistable laminate 1 has two stable states, in the second step, the flexible substrate 201 is a main body of the magnetic sensitive deformation driver 2, the magnetic particles 202 are distributed in a chain shape under the action of a magnetic field, in the third step, the magnetic sensitive deformation driver 2 is fixed on the bistable laminate 1, the adhesive is silica gel glue, and the magnetic sensitive deformation driver 2 bends to generate bending moment to generate driving force for the bistable laminate 1 so as to deform the bistable laminate.
Example 4:
the embodiment 4 is basically the same as the embodiment 3, except that: in the first step, the T700 carbon fiber epoxy resin is obtained by heating, pressurizing and curing for 2 hours in an autoclave after being laid, and then naturally cooling, wherein the pressure is 0.6 MPa, and the temperature is 180 ℃.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the embodiment 5 is basically the same as the embodiment 3, except that: in the second step, the flexible base material is selected from silicon rubber, compared with natural rubber and other synthetic rubber, the flexible base material has good viscoelasticity and high-temperature resistance, is softer, is simple in manufacturing process and is controllable in curing time; the magnetic particles 202 are hard magnetic particles, the hard magnetic particles have a high maximum magnetic energy product, that is, a high maximum magnetic energy density stored and available in a unit volume of a permanent magnetic material, a high coercive force, a high residual magnetic flux density and a large residual magnetization intensity, and in addition, the stability is also high, and the magneto-dependent deformation actuator 2 made of the hard magnetic particles has a large residual magnetization intensity, can generate obvious polarity, can generate a larger magnetic moment and deformation under the action of an external magnetic field, and is convenient for driving the bi-stable laminated plate 1 to deform.
Furthermore, the hard magnetic particles are set to be neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, and the neodymium iron boron magnetic powder has better magnetism, so that the performance of the magnetorheological elastomer driver is improved conveniently, and the cost performance is high.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment 6 is basically the same as the embodiment 3, except that: in the second step, after the silicon rubber and the hard magnetic particles are mixed and stirred uniformly, the beaker with the mixture is placed in a vacuum drying oven, bubbles in the mixture are removed, then the mixture is moved to a sealed mould 3, finally the mould 3 is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 1.5T, and standing is carried out for 2 h for pre-structuring until solidification.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the magnetic field is generated by the electromagnet 4, and under the action of the magnetic field, the hard magnetic particles in the magnetorheological elastomer actuator are distributed in a chain shape, while the hard magnetic particles in the magnetorheological elastomer actuator without the external magnetic field are distributed uniformly.
Further, the magnetorheological elastomer actuator 2 is rectangular in shape and 2mm thick.
It should be noted that as used in the foregoing description, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The magnetic field driven bistable structure is characterized by comprising a bistable state laminated plate (1) and a magnetic sensitive deformation driver (2) for driving the bistable state laminated plate (1) to deform, wherein the magnetic sensitive deformation driver (2) is fixed on the surface of the bistable state laminated plate (1), the bistable state laminated plate (1) comprises two layers of stacking materials, and the stacking materials are orthogonally laid.
2. A magnetic field driven bistable structure according to claim 1, wherein said bistable laminate (1) is bonded to said magneto-sensitive deformation actuator (2).
3. A magnetic field driven bistable structure according to claim 1, wherein said magnetosensitive deformation driver (2) is configured as a magnetorheological elastomer driver, said magnetorheological elastomer driver comprising a flexible substrate (201), and magnetic particles (202) for driving the flexible substrate to bend and deform under the action of an applied magnetic field.
4. A magnetic field driven bistable structure according to claim 3, wherein said magnetic particles (202) are distributed in a chain-like manner within the flexible matrix (201).
5. The magnetically actuated bistable structure of claim 1, wherein said ply material is provided as T700 carbon fiber epoxy.
6. A manufacturing method of a magnetic field driven bistable structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: orthogonally laying a layering material, and then heating and curing to finish the manufacture of the bistable state laminated plate (1);
step two: mixing a flexible matrix material with magnetic particles (202) to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven for vacuumizing, then placing the mixture in a sealed mould and curing under a uniform magnetic field to finish the manufacture of the magneto-dependent deformation driver (2);
step three: a magneto-dependent deformation actuator (2) is fixed to the bistable laminate (1).
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the second step, the flexible substrate is silicon rubber.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein in step two, the magnetic particles (202) are hard magnetic particles.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the hard magnetic particles are neodymium iron boron magnetic powder.
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| CN112318488B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-01-25 | 之江实验室 | Magnetic drive bistable flexible actuator |
| CN112682334A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Reversible fan based on bistable-state blades and manufacturing method |
| CN112717832B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Liquid distributor made of magnetic control composite material |
| CN114147910B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-01-24 | 香港城市大学深圳福田研究院 | Bistable magnetic driver and preparation method thereof, fatigue test device and submersible vehicle |
| CN114227741B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Multistable manipulator driven and controlled by magnetorheological elastomer |
| CN114889276B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-02-24 | 东华大学 | Flexible bistable film mechanism based on photoresponse and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US8427429B2 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2013-04-23 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Active interface controls having bi-stable actuation and intrinsic sensing capability |
| CN108044997B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2023-07-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Paper folding deformation structure with bistable characteristic |
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