CN111414663A - Inclinometer pipe guide groove torsion correction method for monitoring horizontal displacement of middle and deep layer of foundation pit - Google Patents
Inclinometer pipe guide groove torsion correction method for monitoring horizontal displacement of middle and deep layer of foundation pit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a torsion correction method for an inclinometer tube guide groove for monitoring the horizontal displacement of a middle deep layer of a foundation pit. According to the method, only two pairs of guide groove direction deep horizontal displacements of the inclinometer pipe are observed in the early stage, and the deep horizontal displacement of one pair of guide groove directions is tested in the subsequent process, so that half of workload can be saved, the monitoring work efficiency is greatly improved, and the investment of monitoring personnel is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering construction, and particularly relates to a method for correcting torsion of an inclinometer pipe guide groove for monitoring horizontal displacement of a middle-deep layer of a foundation pit.
Background
At present, in foundation pit deformation monitoring, deep horizontal displacement is limited by observation conditions, direct observation cannot be conducted, and deep horizontal displacement deformation can be converted only by using an electronic inclinometer through measuring voltage change. The inclinometer is an instrument capable of measuring horizontal deformation of pile bodies at different depths and consists of a digital measuring instrument, an inclinometer probe and an inclinometer tube. The inclination measuring pipe is internally provided with four concave guide grooves which are vertically distributed, and the inclination measuring probe slides along the four concave guide grooves for detection. During measurement, a guide wheel of the inclination measuring probe is clamped in a guide groove of the inclination measuring pipe along the concave guide groove, and the inclination angle and the horizontal projection value of the inclination measuring probe can be measured in the process of sliding along the guide groove, so that two deep horizontal displacements in the mutually vertical directions can be converted. The two concave guide grooves are generally arranged along the direction vertical to the side wall of the foundation pit and the direction parallel to the side wall of the foundation pit respectively.
The cross section of the inclination measuring probe is circular, two pairs of rolling wheels are arranged at the upper part and the lower part respectively, and the wheel distance between the upper part and the lower part is 500 mm. The working principle of the inclinometer is that the inclination angle of the central axis of the inclinometer and the pendulum is measured by utilizing the property that the gravity pendulum is always kept along the vertical direction, so that the displacement change value of a building to be measured can be known. The deep soil displacement test principle is based on that the soil displacement at the bottom of an inclinometer pipe is zero, and then the inclination angle in a subsection (the test length of a measuring head is 0.5m) is measured, so that the relative displacement of two end points of a sensor can be obtained, and the principle is shown in figure 1.
And respectively laying an inclinometer at the position with the estimated deformation risk according to the distribution of the soil layer under the field geological condition and the consideration of the actual working condition of construction. During monitoring, the pipe joints for the inclinometer are riveted and then are put into the pile holes along with the reinforcement cage, so that one pair of the groove directions of two pairs of guide wheels of the inclinometer, which are put into the inclinometer, in the inclinometer are perpendicular to the pit wall of the foundation pit, and the other pair of the groove directions is parallel to the pit wall. And after the installation is finished, washing the interior of the inclinometer pipe by using clear water and covering for protection. Before the monitoring is started, the measurement is repeated for 2-3 times within 3-5 days, and after the data of the inclinometer is judged to be in a stable state, the monitoring data is used as an initial reading to start formal monitoring.
During each measurement, the probe guide wheel is aligned to the notch of the measured position, the probe guide wheel is slowly placed to the bottom of the inclinometer pipe in a consistent direction, and the measurement can be started after the probe is static until the temperature in the probe and the inclinometer pipe is basically consistent and the reading of the instrument is stable. The inclinometer orifice is used as a distance measuring and measuring gauge, and is subdivided according to scales on a cable of the probe, the probe is lifted at a uniform speed, and measurement and reading are carried out at intervals of a certain distance (500mm) and recording is carried out. After the probe is lifted to the pipe orifice and rotated 180 degrees, the measurement is carried out once according to the method.
In actual engineering, due to the reasons of deviation of processing quality of the guide groove of the inclinometer pipe, construction installation errors and the like, the guide groove is twisted at a certain angle from the bottom to the top of the inclinometer pipe, so that the measured data is not consistent with the actual displacement in the maximum horizontal displacement direction. Therefore, the monitoring data under the condition that the guide groove is twisted are corrected, and the method has important significance for improving the observation precision of the deep horizontal displacement of the foundation pit and ensuring the safety of the foundation pit.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a torsion correction method for an inclinometer pipe guide groove for monitoring horizontal displacement of a middle-deep layer of a foundation pit, which aims to solve the technical problem.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for correcting the torsion of a guide groove of an inclinometer pipe for monitoring the horizontal displacement of a middle and deep layer of a foundation pit, which comprises the following steps:
s1, utilizing the same-day test results of the two orthogonal guide grooves, and taking the initial torsion angle at the pile bottom and the final torsion angle at the pile top as independent variables;
s2, constructing a deviation objective function after two orthogonal guide grooves are corrected by adopting a least square method, and establishing a first optimization model as shown in the following:
1i＝β1i/cos(θi)
2i＝β2i/sin(θi)
θi＝θA+Hi(θA-θB)/(HA-HB)
s.t.-90°≤θA≤90°；-180°≤θB≤180°
wherein one pair of the two orthogonal guide grooves is defined as the 1 st direction, the included angle between the guide grooves and the direction vertical to the foundation pit is theta i, the other pair of the guide grooves is defined as the 2 nd direction, β1i、β2iHorizontal displacement at depth i, θ, of the 1 st and 2 nd directions, respectivelyA、θBThe initial torsion angle of the guide groove at the pile bottom test point and the final torsion angle of the pile top test point, HA、HBDepth of test points at pile bottom and pile top, HiIs the depth at test position i;
s3, solving the optimized model to obtain an initial torsion angle of the pile bottom and a final torsion angle of the pile top when the objective function takes the minimum value;
and S4, correcting the deep horizontal displacement monitoring value measured in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction by using the pile bottom initial torsion angle and the pile top final torsion angle obtained in the step S3.
Further, repeatedly executing the steps S1-S3 for many times, solving an optimization model by adopting continuous multi-day observation data to obtain daily initial torsion angles and final torsion angles of the pile top; and respectively averaging the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle of multiple days to obtain a representative value of the torsion condition of the guide groove of the inclinometer pipe, and correcting a deep horizontal displacement monitoring value obtained by subsequent measurement in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction by using the representative value of the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle of the inclinometer pipe.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a torsion correction method for an inclinometer tube guide groove for monitoring the horizontal displacement of a middle deep layer of a foundation pit. According to the method, only two pairs of guide groove direction deep horizontal displacements of the inclinometer pipe are observed in the early stage, and the deep horizontal displacement of one pair of guide groove directions is tested in the subsequent process, so that half of workload can be saved, the monitoring work efficiency is greatly improved, and the investment of monitoring personnel is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of deep level displacement measurement;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inclinometer duct guide slot twisting: (a) no twisting occurs, (b) twisting occurs;
fig. 3 shows the calculation results of the deep horizontal displacement and the accumulated horizontal displacement of the 38# pile in the 1 st direction, 10 months and 28 days in the embodiment of the invention: (a) horizontal displacement, (b) cumulative horizontal displacement;
fig. 4 shows the calculation results of the deep horizontal displacement and the accumulated horizontal displacement of the 38# pile in the direction of 2, 10 months and 28 days in the embodiment of the invention: (a) horizontal displacement, (b) cumulative horizontal displacement;
fig. 5 is a calculation result of the corrected deep horizontal displacement and the accumulated horizontal displacement obtained from the test result in the 1 st direction in the embodiment of the present invention: (a) horizontal displacement, (b) cumulative horizontal displacement;
fig. 6 is a calculation result of the corrected deep horizontal displacement and the accumulated horizontal displacement obtained from the test result in the 2 nd direction in the embodiment of the present invention: (a) horizontal displacement, (b) cumulative horizontal displacement;
fig. 7 is a result of solving the deep horizontal displacement data from 38# stake 10 month and 28 days to 11 month and 5 days in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The embodiment provides a method for correcting torsion of an inclinometer pipe guide groove during foundation pit monitoring horizontal displacement, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, utilizing the same-day test results of the two orthogonal guide grooves, and taking the initial torsion angle at the pile bottom and the final torsion angle at the pile top as independent variables;
s2, constructing a deviation objective function after two orthogonal guide grooves are corrected by adopting a least square method, and establishing an optimized model; the optimization model establishing process comprises the following steps:
in the process of foundation pit excavation, the horizontal displacement deformation of the support piles and the surrounding soil body is mainly along the direction vertical to the foundation pit. If the inclinometer pipe guide grooves are not twisted from the pile bottom to the pile top, and one pair of guide grooves are perpendicular to the foundation pit direction, and the other pair of guide grooves are parallel to the foundation pit direction (as shown in fig. 2 a), the situation of the maximum deep horizontal displacement of the foundation pit can be basically reflected through the deep horizontal displacement obtained by testing in the guide grooves perpendicular to the foundation pit direction. If the inclinometer pipe guide grooves are twisted from the pile bottom to the pile top (as shown in fig. 2 b), and are arranged at the depth i, wherein one pair of the guide grooves is defined as the 1 st direction, the included angle between the pair of the guide grooves and the direction perpendicular to the foundation pit is theta i, and the other pair of the guide grooves is defined as the 2 nd direction, the horizontal displacement of the deep layer obtained by the test from the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction cannot reflect the condition that the maximum horizontal displacement of the deep layer occurs in the foundation pit, and the maximum horizontal displacement value of the foundation pit is smaller than the actual maximum horizontal displacement value of the.
Suppose that: (1) the 1 st and 2 nd directions remain vertical at each depth; (2) the direction of the maximum horizontal displacement of the foundation pit support pile at each depth is along the direction vertical to the foundation pit; (3) the torsion angle of the inclinometer pipe guide groove is linearly changed along the depth; (4) the change of the pile bottom torsion angle (the included angle vertical to the foundation pit direction) is not more than 180 degrees, and the change of the pile top torsion angle (the included angle vertical to the foundation pit direction) is not more than 360 degrees. Wherein, the assumption (4) is made according to the actual situation of the field guide groove twisting.
At depth i, from the level of the 1 st directionMoving to obtain horizontal displacement perpendicular to the direction of the foundation pit1i：
1i＝β1i/cos(θi) (1)
Obtaining the horizontal displacement vertical to the foundation pit direction from the horizontal displacement in the 2 nd direction2i：
2i＝β2i/sin(θi) (2)
θi＝θA+Hi(θA-θB)/(HA-HB) (3)
Wherein, β1i、β2iHorizontal displacement at depth i, θ, of the 1 st and 2 nd directions, respectivelyA、θBRespectively the initial torsion angle of the guide groove at the pile bottom test point and the final torsion angle (the included angle vertical to the foundation pit direction) of the pile top test point, HA、HBDepth of test points at pile bottom and pile top, HiIs the depth at test position i.
Based on the above assumptions (1) and (2), theoretically1iAnd2ishould be equal, in practice, due to the difference between the two due to various factors, a function representing the difference is obtained using the principle of least squares:
therefore, the following optimization model is finally established:
1i＝β1i/cos(θi)
2i＝β2i/sin(θi)
θi＝θA+Hi(θA-θB)/(HA-HB)
s.t.-90°≤θA≤90°；-180°≤θB≤180°
s3, solving the optimization model to obtain the initial torsion angle theta of the pile bottom when the objective function takes the minimum valueAAnd the final torsion angle theta of the pile topB。
And S4, utilizing the steps S1-S3, adopting the observation data of the following days to solve the optimization model, and obtaining the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle.
S5, averaging the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle obtained from the previous data to obtain a representative value of the torsion of the inclinometer guide groove.
And S6, correcting the deep horizontal displacement monitoring value obtained by measuring in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction subsequently by using the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle representative value of the inclinometer.
Taking monitoring data of the horizontal displacement of the deep layer of a supporting pile of a certain pile-anchor combined supporting deep foundation pit as an example, the optimal model solving step and the final correction effect in the method are further explained.
And (3) jointly supporting the deep foundation pit by using a certain pile anchor, solving an optimized model (5) by using deep horizontal displacement data obtained by measurement in an inclinometer pipe embedded in a 38# supporting pile, and further correcting the horizontal displacement obtained by measurement in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction. The horizontal displacement of the deep layer of the 38# support pile embedded inclinometer in the 1 st direction and the 2 nd direction in 10 and 28 days in 2019 is respectively shown in fig. 3 and 4. As can be seen from the calculation results shown in fig. 3 and 4, for the test results in the 1 st direction and the 2 nd direction, there is a large difference between the horizontal displacement and the accumulated horizontal displacement at each depth, that is, when the angle is different from the vertical pit direction, the test result of the horizontal displacement of the deep layer changes with the change of the angle. For example, for the pile tip, the horizontal displacement in the 1 st direction is about 1.5mm and the cumulative horizontal displacement is about 21mm, and the horizontal displacement in the 2 nd direction is about 0.7mm and the cumulative horizontal displacement is about 14 mm. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the calculation results shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cumulative horizontal displacement gradually increases as the depth becomes smaller; the horizontal displacement at each depth is smaller within a certain range from the pile bottom, so that the horizontal displacement of the pile bottom can be considered to be 0, and the assumption of fixing the pile bottom in a deep horizontal displacement test is met; the closer the distance to the pile top, the overall tendency to increase in direction 1, the less pronounced the tendency in direction 2.
By solving the optimization model (5) through Matlab programming, the horizontal displacement and the accumulated displacement of the deep layer after the correction of the test result in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction can be obtained, and the calculation result is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. At the moment, the initial torsion angle theta of the guide groove at the pile bottom test point is obtainedA73 degrees, the final torsion angle theta of the guide groove at the test point of the pile topBAt-59 deg., the objective function value was 14.52.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, after the torsion angle correction, the horizontal displacement and the accumulated horizontal displacement obtained from the 1 st direction measurement data and the 2 nd direction measurement data are both generally greater than the original test value, and both tend to be consistent with each other before the correction. For example, for the pile top, the horizontal displacement in the 1 st direction and the 2 nd direction is about 1.6mm, and the accumulated horizontal displacement is about 25mm, which indicates that the solution result of the model substantially conforms to the assumption (1) and the assumption (2). Meanwhile, the corrected result is more in line with the actual maximum deformation condition of the foundation pit, the deformation of the foundation pit is analyzed by using the corrected result, and deformation early warning is carried out, so that the safety of the foundation pit is more favorably ensured. And as can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the trend of the horizontal displacement after correction is more obvious along with the reduction of the distance from the pile top, and the horizontal displacement deformation rule of the foundation pit is more met.
Meanwhile, the optimized model (5) can be solved by utilizing the deep horizontal displacement monitoring data of the 38# pile from 10 months to 29 days to 11 months to 5 days, and the initial torsion angle theta of the guide groove on different monitoring dates along with excavation of the foundation pit can be obtainedAAnd guide groove final twist angle thetaBThe result is solved as shown in fig. 7.
As can be seen from figure 7, for the inclinometer pipe buried in the No. 38 pile, the initial torsion angle theta of the guide groove obtained by solving from time-to-time monitoring data is obtainedAAnd guide groove final twist angle thetaBThe concussion was large in the first few days and the late field was smooth. Therefore, it can take 10 months and 31 days later thetaAAnd thetaBAnd solving the average value of the results, wherein the average value is used as a representative value of the torsion angle of the No. 38 inclinometer guide groove and is used for correcting the subsequent monitoring data. Thus, only one of the pairs of guide slots needs to be tested for orientation in subsequent operationAnd by deep horizontal displacement, half of workload can be saved, the monitoring work efficiency is greatly improved, and the investment of monitoring personnel is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A torsion correction method for an inclinometer pipe guide groove for monitoring horizontal displacement of a middle deep layer of a foundation pit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, utilizing the same-day test results of the two orthogonal guide grooves, and taking the initial torsion angle at the pile bottom and the final torsion angle at the pile top as independent variables;
s2, constructing a deviation objective function after two orthogonal guide grooves are corrected by adopting a least square method, and establishing a first optimization model as shown in the following:
1i＝β1i/cos(θi)
2i＝β2i/sin(θi)
θi＝θA+Hi(θA-θB)/(HA-HB)
s.t.-90°≤θA≤90°；-180°≤θB≤180°
wherein one pair of the two orthogonal guide grooves is defined as the 1 st direction, the included angle between the guide grooves and the direction vertical to the foundation pit is theta i, the other pair of the guide grooves is defined as the 2 nd direction, β1i、β2iHorizontal displacement at depth i, θ, of the 1 st and 2 nd directions, respectivelyA、θBThe initial torsion angle of the guide groove at the pile bottom test point and the final torsion angle of the pile top test point, HA、HBDepth of test points at pile bottom and pile top, HiIs the depth at test position i;
s3, solving the optimized model to obtain an initial torsion angle of the pile bottom and a final torsion angle of the pile top when the objective function takes the minimum value;
and S4, correcting the deep horizontal displacement monitoring value measured in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction by using the pile bottom initial torsion angle and the pile top final torsion angle obtained in the step S3.
2. The correction method according to claim 1, wherein the steps S1-S3 are repeated for a plurality of times, and the optimization model is solved by using the observation data of consecutive days to obtain the initial torsion angle of each day and the final torsion angle of the pile top; and respectively averaging the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle of multiple days to obtain a representative value of the torsion condition of the guide groove of the inclinometer pipe, and correcting a deep horizontal displacement monitoring value obtained by subsequent measurement in the 1 st direction or the 2 nd direction by using the representative value of the initial torsion angle and the final torsion angle of the inclinometer pipe.
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Cited By (1)
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