CN111413624B - Fuel cell service life and residual life reciprocal prediction method and device - Google Patents
Fuel cell service life and residual life reciprocal prediction method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111413624B CN111413624B CN202010285041.5A CN202010285041A CN111413624B CN 111413624 B CN111413624 B CN 111413624B CN 202010285041 A CN202010285041 A CN 202010285041A CN 111413624 B CN111413624 B CN 111413624B
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for predicting the reciprocal of the service life and the residual life of a fuel cell, wherein the method comprises the following steps: activating the fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring the current under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested as a first current; determining the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested according to the attenuation ratio of current or power under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve; operating the fuel cell to be tested for a preset time, and acquiring a current of the fuel cell to be tested under the same constant voltage in a current polarization curve as a second current; and predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predicting the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested. The method is simple in operation process and high in efficiency, and can greatly shorten the detection time of the service life prediction of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell service life and residual life reciprocal prediction method and device.
Background
The fuel cell, as a novel energy form, will play an important role in the national energy saving and emission reduction process. The major limitations to current fuel cell development are cost and lifetime. Therefore, the life of the fuel cell needs to be evaluated.
The existing fuel cell life prediction methods include, but are not limited to, the following: obtaining a fitting formula through experimental data simulation for prediction; obtained by performing a steady state experiment in a laboratory; the method comprises the following steps of operating under different working conditions in a laboratory and obtaining a corresponding life prediction formula; and loading the fuel cell into a vehicle to perform real vehicle operation. The above methods are more or less long in prediction time and narrow in applicable range.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the reciprocal of the service life and remaining life of a fuel cell, which has a simple operation flow and high efficiency, and can greatly shorten the detection time for predicting the service life of the fuel cell.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocal prediction device of the service life and remaining life of a fuel cell.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a method for predicting a reciprocal of a service life and a remaining life of a fuel cell, including:
activating a fuel cell to be tested, acquiring an initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring a current under a constant voltage in the initial polarization curve as a first current;
determining the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested according to the attenuation ratio of current or power under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve;
operating the fuel cell to be tested for a preset time, acquiring a current polarization curve of the fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring a current under the same constant voltage in the current polarization curve as a second current;
and predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predicting the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested.
According to the reciprocal prediction method for the service life and the residual life of the fuel cell, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the service life can be rapidly obtained by acquiring the polarization curves of the fuel cell at two different times after the activation of the fuel cell by using the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell. The method is simple in operation process and high in efficiency, and can greatly shorten the detection time of the service life prediction of the fuel cell.
In addition, the fuel cell service life and remaining life reciprocal prediction method according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in one embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:
acquiring polarization curves of the activated fuel cell to be tested in two different time periods, acquiring a first target point corresponding to a fixed voltage on the first polarization curve, and taking a current corresponding to the first target point in the first polarization curve as a third current;
acquiring a corresponding second target point on a second polarization curve according to the voltage value corresponding to the first target point, and taking the current corresponding to the second target point in the second polarization curve as a fourth current;
and determining the current reciprocal attenuation coefficient in the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time at the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell according to the third current and the fourth current.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal characteristic equation between current at a constant voltage and time during aging of the fuel cell from the third current and the fourth current includes:
wherein, ImFor a constant voltage V in the first polarization curvesCorresponding third current, InFor a constant voltage V in the second polarization curvesCorresponding fourth current, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesFirst current ofmTime, t, for obtaining a first polarization curve for the time distance at which activation of the fuel cell to be tested is completednObtaining a second strip for a time distance at which activation of the fuel cell under test is completeTime of polarization curve.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the predicting the service life of the fuel cell under test according to the inverse characteristic formula between the first current and the second current and the time at a constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell comprises:
wherein, tfcFor the purpose of service life, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesCorresponding first current, I is the constant voltage V on the current polarization curvesCorresponding second current, k is the current inverse attenuation coefficient, t0The time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve, t is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the current polarization curve, IbThe fuel cell to be tested reaches the service life tfcConstant voltage V in the subsequent polarization curvesThe current of the corresponding point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell under test comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell and a solid oxide fuel cell.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device for predicting a reciprocal of a service life and a remaining life of a fuel cell, including:
the device comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for activating a fuel cell to be tested, acquiring an initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring a current under a constant voltage in the initial polarization curve as a first current;
the first determining module is used for determining the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested according to the attenuation ratio of current or power under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve;
the second obtaining module is used for operating the fuel cell to be tested for a preset time, obtaining a current polarization curve of the fuel cell to be tested, and obtaining a current under the same constant voltage in the current polarization curve as a second current;
and the prediction module is used for predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predicting the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested.
The reciprocal prediction device for the service life and the residual life of the fuel cell in the embodiment of the invention can rapidly obtain the service life by acquiring the polarization curves of the fuel cell at two different times after the activation of the fuel cell by using the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell. The device has simple operation process and high efficiency, and can greatly shorten the detection time of the service life prediction of the fuel cell.
In addition, the fuel cell service life and remaining life reciprocal prediction apparatus according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in one embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:
the third obtaining module is used for obtaining the activated polarization curves of the fuel cell to be tested in two different time periods, obtaining a first target point corresponding to a fixed voltage on the first polarization curve, and taking the current corresponding to the first target point in the first polarization curve as a third current;
a fourth obtaining module, configured to obtain a corresponding second target point on a second polarization curve according to the voltage value corresponding to the first target point, and use a current corresponding to the second target point in the second polarization curve as a fourth current;
and the second determination module is used for determining a current reciprocal attenuation coefficient in a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time at the constant voltage in the fuel cell aging process according to the third current and the fourth current.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal characteristic equation between current at a constant voltage and time during aging of the fuel cell from the third current and the fourth current includes:
wherein, ImFor a constant voltage V in the first polarization curvesCorresponding third current, InFor a constant voltage V in the second polarization curvesCorresponding fourth current, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesFirst current ofmTime, t, for obtaining a first polarization curve for the time distance at which activation of the fuel cell to be tested is completednAnd acquiring the time of a second polarization curve for the time distance of the activation completion of the fuel cell to be tested.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the predicting the service life of the fuel cell under test according to the inverse characteristic formula between the first current and the second current and the time at a constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell comprises:
wherein, tfcFor the purpose of service life, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesCorresponding first current, I is the constant voltage V on the current polarization curvesCorresponding second current, k is the current inverse attenuation coefficient, t0The time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve, and t is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisitionTime elapsed for the current polarization curve, IbTo achieve a service life t for the fuel cell under testfcConstant voltage V in the subsequent polarization curvesThe current of the corresponding point.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell under test comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell and a solid oxide fuel cell.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for predicting the reciprocal of the useful life and remaining life of a fuel cell in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of fuel cell useful life and predicted remaining life as a reciprocal of remaining life according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for predicting the reciprocal of the useful life and remaining life of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reciprocal prediction device for the service life and remaining life of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The method and apparatus for predicting the reciprocal of the useful life and the remaining life of a fuel cell according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A proposed method for predicting the reciprocal of the service life and remaining life of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the invention will first be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for predicting the reciprocal of the useful life and remaining life of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction method includes the steps of:
step S1, activating the fuel cell to be tested, obtaining the initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested, and obtaining the current under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve as the first current.
Specifically, the fuel cell to be tested is first activated, and after the activation is completed, a polarization curve of the initial state of the fuel cell to be tested is obtained, as shown in fig. 2, the dotted line in fig. 2 represents the initial polarization curve, and a point P (t) is selected in the initial polarization curve0，Vs) Vs is the voltage at this point, t0The current corresponding to the point is taken as the first current I for the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve0。
When the fuel cell to be tested is activated, if an abnormal phenomenon such as performance degradation occurs during activation, the fuel cell needs to be replaced with a new one and then activated again.
And step S2, determining the service life end point of the fuel cell to be tested according to the attenuation ratio of the current or the power under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve.
It can be understood that, after the polarization curve in the initial state of the fuel cell to be tested is obtained, the end of the life of the fuel cell to be tested is determined by the attenuation ratio of the current or the power at the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve, as an implementation manner, in the initial polarization curve, when the attenuation ratio of the current or the power reaches 10%, it is considered that the fuel cell to be tested reaches the end of the life, and specifically, the end of the life of the fuel cell to be tested may be adjusted according to the actual situation.
Step S3, the fuel cell to be tested is operated for a preset time, the current polarization curve of the fuel cell to be tested is obtained, and the current at the same constant voltage in the current polarization curve is obtained as the second current.
Further, the activated fuel cell is operated for a period of time, and then a polarization curve in the current state is obtained, as shown in fig. 2, the solid line represents the current polarization curve after the fuel cell is operated for a period of time, the constant voltage is Vs in the initial polarization curve, and the point P (t, V) corresponding to the constant voltage Vs is obtained in the current polarization curves) T is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the current polarization curve, and P (t, V) in the current polarization curve is calculateds) The corresponding current is taken as the second current I.
And step S4, predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predicting the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested.
The formula for predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell is as follows:
wherein, tfcFor the purpose of service life, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesCorresponding first current, I is the constant voltage V on the current polarization curvesCorresponding second current, k is the reciprocal attenuation coefficient of current of reciprocal characteristic formula between current and time under constant voltage in the aging process of fuel cell, t0The time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve, t is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the current polarization curve, IbThe fuel cell to be tested reaches the service life tfcIn the subsequent polarization curveConstant voltage VsThe current at the corresponding point is determined by the percentage of current or power decay at a constant voltage.
The service life of the fuel cell to be tested can be obtained through the formula, and the residual service life of the fuel cell to be tested is finally obtained according to the obtained service life end point.
Further, when the service life of the fuel cell to be tested is calculated by using a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time at a constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, the formula (2) includes a reciprocal attenuation coefficient of the current, wherein the reciprocal attenuation coefficient k of the current can be obtained according to the formula (1). As another implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the current reciprocal attenuation coefficient k can also be obtained in the following manner.
Step S301, polarization curves of the activated fuel cell to be tested in two different time periods are obtained, a first target point corresponding to a fixed voltage is obtained on the first polarization curve, and a current corresponding to the first target point in the first polarization curve is used as a third current.
Step S302, according to the voltage value corresponding to the first target point, a corresponding second target point is obtained on the second polarization curve, and a current corresponding to the second target point in the second polarization curve is used as a fourth current.
In step S303, the current reciprocal damping coefficient in the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current at the constant voltage and the time during the aging process of the fuel cell is determined according to the third current and the fourth current.
It can be understood that two polarization curves of the fuel cell to be tested at different times during operation are obtained, and in the two polarization curves, the current corresponding to the constant voltage Vs is obtained as the third current and the fourth current. The constant voltage Vs here is equal to the constant voltage Vs in the initial polarization curve and the current polarization curve.
Determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal characteristic equation between current at a constant voltage and time during aging of the fuel cell based on the third current and the fourth current, the equation being:
wherein, ImFor a constant voltage V in the first polarization curvesCorresponding third current, InFor a constant voltage V in the second polarization curvesCorresponding fourth current, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesFirst current ofmTime, t, for obtaining a first polarization curve for the time distance at which activation of the fuel cell to be tested is completednAnd acquiring the time of a second polarization curve for the time distance of the activation completion of the fuel cell to be tested.
And (3) obtaining a current reciprocal attenuation coefficient k through the formula (3), substituting the current reciprocal attenuation coefficient k into the formula (2) to calculate the service life of the fuel cell to be tested, and further obtaining the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested.
Specifically, the service life and the remaining life of the fuel cell may be predicted by the above method, wherein the fuel cell may include a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, and the like.
According to the reciprocal prediction method of the service life and the residual life of the fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the invention, the service life can be quickly obtained by acquiring the polarization curves of the fuel cell at two different times after the activation of the fuel cell by using the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell. The method is simple in operation process and high in efficiency, and can greatly shorten the detection time of the service life prediction of the fuel cell.
Next, a reciprocal prediction device of the service life and remaining life of the fuel cell proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reciprocal prediction device for the service life and remaining life of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction device includes: a first acquisition module 100, a first determination module 200, a second acquisition module 300, and a prediction module 400.
The first obtaining module 100 is configured to activate the fuel cell to be tested, obtain an initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested, and obtain a first current as a current under a constant voltage in the initial polarization curve.
The first determining module 200 is configured to determine the end of life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the current or power attenuation ratio at a constant voltage in the initial polarization curve.
The second obtaining module 300 is configured to operate the fuel cell to be tested for a preset time, obtain a current polarization curve of the fuel cell to be tested, and obtain a current in the current polarization curve at the same constant voltage as a second current.
The prediction module 400 is configured to predict the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and time at a constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predict the remaining life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and a life end point of the fuel cell to be tested.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
the third acquisition module is used for acquiring polarization curves of the activated fuel cell to be detected in two different time periods, acquiring a first target point corresponding to a fixed voltage on the first polarization curve, and taking a current corresponding to the first target point in the first polarization curve as a third current;
a fourth obtaining module, configured to obtain a corresponding second target point on the second polarization curve according to the voltage value corresponding to the first target point, and use a current corresponding to the second target point in the second polarization curve as a fourth current;
and a second determination module for determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal characteristic equation between current and time at a constant voltage during aging of the fuel cell based on the third current and the fourth current.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal characteristic equation between current at a constant voltage and time during aging of the fuel cell based on the third current and the fourth current includes:
wherein, ImFor a constant voltage V in the first polarization curvesCorresponding third current, InFor a constant voltage V in the second polarization curvesCorresponding fourth current, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesFirst current ofmTime, t, for obtaining a first polarization curve for the time distance at which activation of the fuel cell to be tested is completednAnd acquiring the time of a second polarization curve for the time distance of the activation completion of the fuel cell to be tested.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, predicting the service life of the fuel cell under test according to the first current and the second current and the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time at a constant voltage during the aging process of the fuel cell includes:
wherein, tfcFor the purpose of service life, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesCorresponding first current, I is the constant voltage V on the current polarization curvesCorresponding second current, k is the current inverse attenuation coefficient, t0The time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve, t is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the current polarization curve, IbTo achieve a service life t for the fuel cell under testfcConstant voltage V in the subsequent polarization curvesThe current of the corresponding point.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell under test includes a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell, and a solid oxide fuel cell.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the method embodiment is also applicable to the apparatus of this embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
According to the reciprocal prediction device of the service life and the residual life of the fuel cell, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the service life can be quickly obtained by acquiring the polarization curves of the fuel cell at two different times after the activation of the fuel cell by using the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell. The device has simple operation process and high efficiency, and can greatly shorten the detection time of the service life prediction of the fuel cell.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction method, comprising the steps of:
activating a fuel cell to be tested, acquiring an initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring a current under a constant voltage in the initial polarization curve as a first current;
determining the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested according to the attenuation ratio of current or power under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve;
operating the fuel cell to be tested for a preset time, acquiring a current polarization curve of the fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring a current under the same constant voltage in the current polarization curve as a second current;
predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predicting the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested; the predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell comprises the following steps:
wherein, tfcFor the purpose of service life, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesCorresponding first current, I being the current polarization curveConstant voltage V on linesCorresponding second current, k is the current inverse attenuation coefficient, t0The time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve, t is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the current polarization curve, IbThe fuel cell to be tested reaches the service life tfcConstant voltage V in the subsequent polarization curvesThe current of the corresponding point.
2. The fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
acquiring polarization curves of the activated fuel cell to be tested in two different time periods, acquiring a first target point corresponding to a fixed voltage on the first polarization curve, and taking a current corresponding to the first target point in the first polarization curve as a third current;
acquiring a corresponding second target point on a second polarization curve according to the voltage value corresponding to the first target point, and taking the current corresponding to the second target point in the second polarization curve as a fourth current;
and determining the current reciprocal attenuation coefficient in the reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time at the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell according to the third current and the fourth current.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal property equation between current and time at a constant voltage during fuel cell aging from the third current and the fourth current comprises:
wherein, ImFor a constant voltage V in the first polarization curvesCorresponding third current, InFor the second polarization curveConstant voltage V in linesCorresponding fourth current, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesFirst current ofmTime, t, for obtaining a first polarization curve for the time distance at which activation of the fuel cell to be tested is completednAnd acquiring the time of a second polarization curve for the time distance of the activation completion of the fuel cell to be tested.
4. The fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction method of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell under test includes a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell, and a solid oxide fuel cell.
5. A fuel cell service life and remaining life reciprocal prediction apparatus, comprising:
the device comprises a first acquisition module, a second acquisition module and a control module, wherein the first acquisition module is used for activating a fuel cell to be tested, acquiring an initial polarization curve of the activated fuel cell to be tested, and acquiring a current under a constant voltage in the initial polarization curve as a first current;
the first determining module is used for determining the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested according to the attenuation ratio of current or power under the constant voltage in the initial polarization curve;
the second obtaining module is used for operating the fuel cell to be tested for a preset time, obtaining a current polarization curve of the fuel cell to be tested, and obtaining a current under the same constant voltage in the current polarization curve as a second current;
the prediction module is used for predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell, and predicting the residual life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the service life of the fuel cell to be tested and the service life endpoint of the fuel cell to be tested; the predicting the service life of the fuel cell to be tested according to the first current and the second current and a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time under the constant voltage in the aging process of the fuel cell comprises the following steps:
wherein, tfcFor the purpose of service life, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesCorresponding first current, I is the constant voltage V on the current polarization curvesCorresponding second current, k is the current inverse attenuation coefficient, t0The time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the initial polarization curve, t is the time elapsed from the completion of the activation of the fuel cell to the acquisition of the current polarization curve, IbTo achieve a service life t for the fuel cell under testfcConstant voltage V in the subsequent polarization curvesThe current of the corresponding point.
6. The fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction device according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising:
the third obtaining module is used for obtaining the activated polarization curves of the fuel cell to be tested in two different time periods, obtaining a first target point corresponding to a fixed voltage on the first polarization curve, and taking the current corresponding to the first target point in the first polarization curve as a third current;
a fourth obtaining module, configured to obtain a corresponding second target point on a second polarization curve according to the voltage value corresponding to the first target point, and use a current corresponding to the second target point in the second polarization curve as a fourth current;
and the second determination module is used for determining a current reciprocal attenuation coefficient in a reciprocal characteristic formula between the current and the time at the constant voltage in the fuel cell aging process according to the third current and the fourth current.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said determining a current reciprocal decay factor in a reciprocal characteristic equation between current and time at a constant voltage during fuel cell aging from said third current and said fourth current comprises:
wherein, ImFor a constant voltage V in the first polarization curvesCorresponding third current, InFor a constant voltage V in the second polarization curvesCorresponding fourth current, I0For a constant voltage V in the initial polarization curvesFirst current ofmTime, t, for obtaining a first polarization curve for the time distance at which activation of the fuel cell to be tested is completednAnd acquiring the time of a second polarization curve for the time distance of the activation completion of the fuel cell to be tested.
8. The fuel cell life and remaining life reciprocal prediction device of claim 5, wherein the fuel cell under test includes a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a direct methanol fuel cell, and a solid oxide fuel cell.
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