CN111413472A - Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure - Google Patents

Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111413472A
CN111413472A CN202010332767.XA CN202010332767A CN111413472A CN 111413472 A CN111413472 A CN 111413472A CN 202010332767 A CN202010332767 A CN 202010332767A CN 111413472 A CN111413472 A CN 111413472A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
branches
leaf
fruit tree
transpiration rate
weighing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010332767.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴宗俊
崔宁博
朱彬
邹清垚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sichuan University
Original Assignee
Sichuan University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sichuan University filed Critical Sichuan University
Priority to CN202010332767.XA priority Critical patent/CN111413472A/en
Publication of CN111413472A publication Critical patent/CN111413472A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0098Plants or trees
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/28Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring areas
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/04Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the transpiration rate of a fruit tree canopy structure, which comprises the following steps: (1) sampling: selecting a branch on the canopy of the fruit tree to be tested, winding a wire on the branch of the branch so as to be hung conveniently, and then quickly cutting off the branch; (2) weighing, namely rapidly placing the cut branches on a weighing instrument for weighing, and recording time and weight; (3) transpiration: and quickly putting the weighed branches back to the original positions, clamping the branches on the original mother branches through clamps, or fixing the branches on the original mother branches through wire ends connected to the branches in a winding manner, so that the branches are transpired in the original environment. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure is simple, convenient to operate, low in cost and convenient to popularize and use, the transpiration rate is measured quickly, measured data are accurate, a user can know the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy conveniently, irrigation is carried out reasonably, reasonable utilization of water resources is guaranteed, waste is avoided, and normal growth of fruit trees is guaranteed.

Description

Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transpiration rate, in particular to a method for measuring the transpiration rate of a fruit tree canopy structure.
Background
Transpiration is the process by which water on the surface of a plant (mainly leaves) is released into the air in the form of water vapor. Transpiration is different from evaporation in physics, the transpiration effect is influenced by the external environment and also can be regulated and controlled by plants, so the transpiration effect is more complicated than the evaporation effect, the transpiration effect is irrelevant to the size of the plants, and even if seedlings still can transpire, the process that moisture is dissipated outwards from the overground part of the plants in a water vapor state is called the transpiration effect. There are two ways of losing water from the plant body to the atmosphere, one is to escape the body in a liquid state, e.g. spitting water; another way is to escape the gas phase from the body, i.e. transpiration, which is the main way a plant loses water, transpiration occurs in three places, stomata: the air holes are distributed on the leaves and the green stems, water is evaporated from plant cells, water vapor diffuses to the outside through the air holes, and about 90% of water is dissipated through the air holes in dense plants; horny layer: water evaporates at the cell wall of the epidermal cell and passes through the stratum corneum covering the leaves and green stem, and depending on the thickness of the stratum corneum, about 10% of the water is lost through this pathway; skin hole: even though the water vapor is dissipated through the bark holes on the wood stems, the water vapor is the main dissipation path of the water of the trees after leaves fall, the water vapor has small water dissipation proportion under the general condition, and the plants can be prevented from being burnt by the transpiration in the unusual hot weather, but the plants suitable for the hot weather have other more effective heat-resistant means.
In the prior art, a method for measuring the transpiration rate of a fruit tree canopy structure is lacked, so that the water loss of the fruit tree canopy cannot be determined, the fruit tree cannot be irrigated reasonably, the waste of water resources is easily caused, and the growth and development of the fruit tree are easily influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for measuring the transpiration rate of a crown layer structure of a fruit tree, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure comprises the following steps:
(1) sampling: selecting a branch on the canopy of the fruit tree to be tested, winding a wire on the branch of the branch so as to be hung conveniently, and then quickly cutting off the branch;
(2) weighing, namely rapidly placing the cut branches on a weighing instrument for weighing, and recording time and weight;
(3) transpiration: quickly putting the weighed branches back to the original positions, clamping the branches on the original mother branches through clamps, or fixing the branches on the original mother branches through wire ends connected to the branches in a winding manner, so that the branches are transpired in the original environment;
(4) weighing: after 3-5 minutes, quickly taking down the branches, putting the branches on an electronic top-loading balance again for weighing, and recording time and weight;
(5) area measurement: calculating the leaf area of the measured branches by a leaf area meter, and recording the numerical value of the leaf area;
(6) calculating the transpiration rate: by the formula:
Figure BDA0002465560360000021
and calculating the transpiration rate of the blade.
Preferably, the weight of the branches is 20-30 g when the samples are taken in the step (1), so that the transpiration water amount of the branches is close to 1 g in 3-5 minutes, and the water loss amount is not more than 10% of the water content.
Preferably, the weighing instrument in the step (2) and the step (4) can be one of an electronic top load balance and a tray torsion balance, and the sensing quantity of the weighing instrument in the step (2) and the step (4) is 0.01 g.
Preferably, in the weighing process in the step (2) and the step (4), a weighing instrument needs to be placed in a windproof glass box for use, so that the wind power is not influenced during weighing, and the weighing accuracy is improved.
Preferably, the leaf area meter in the step (5) is a hand-held leaf area meter, consists of a grab handle, a scanner, a scanning plate and a QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system, is a portable leaf area meter which is convenient to use and can work in the field, can accurately, quickly and harmlessly measure the leaf area and related parameters of leaves, and can also measure the area of picked plant leaves and other flaky objects.
Preferably, the QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system can accurately and quickly measure leaf area, leaf circumference, leaf length and leaf width indexes, the QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system can intelligently measure single leaves and multiple leaves, count parameters such as total leaf area, average leaf length, average leaf width, average length-width ratio and average leaf circumference, and can quickly determine lesion leaf area and insect damage leaf area in a grading manner and perform grading analysis on leaf color.
Preferably, in the process of measuring the transpiration rate, the branches of the canopy of the fruit tree to be measured can be collected for multiple times, the steps (1) to (6) are repeated, the transpiration rate is calculated, the average value is obtained, the accuracy of the measured value is improved, and then when the transpiration rate is measured, the measurement can be carried out in multiple time periods, such as the measurement in the morning, at noon, at evening and at night.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure is simple, convenient to operate, low in cost and convenient to popularize and use, the transpiration rate is measured quickly, measured data are accurate, a user can conveniently measure and know the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy, irrigation is carried out reasonably, reasonable utilization of water resources is guaranteed, waste is avoided, and normal growth of the fruit tree is guaranteed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure comprises the following steps:
(1) sampling: selecting a branch on the canopy of the fruit tree to be tested, winding a wire on the branch of the branch so as to be hung conveniently, and then quickly cutting off the branch;
(2) weighing, namely rapidly placing the cut branches on a weighing instrument for weighing, and recording time and weight;
(3) transpiration: quickly putting the weighed branches back to the original positions, clamping the branches on the original mother branches through clamps, or fixing the branches on the original mother branches through wire ends connected to the branches in a winding manner, so that the branches are transpired in the original environment;
(4) weighing: after 3-5 minutes, quickly taking down the branches, putting the branches on an electronic top-loading balance again for weighing, and recording time and weight;
(5) area measurement: calculating the leaf area of the measured branches by a leaf area meter, and recording the numerical value of the leaf area;
(6) calculating the transpiration rate: by the formula:
Figure BDA0002465560360000041
and calculating the transpiration rate of the blade.
When the sampling in the step (1) is carried out, the weight of the selected branches is 20-30 g, so that the transpiration water volume of the branches is close to 1 g in 3-5 minutes, and the water loss is not more than 10% of the water content.
The weighing instrument in the step (2) and the step (4) can be one of an electronic top load balance and a tray torsion balance, the sensing quantity of the weighing instrument in the step (2) and the step (4) is 0.01 g, and in the weighing process in the step (2) and the step (4), the weighing instrument needs to be placed in a windproof glass box for use, so that the weighing is not influenced by wind power, and the weighing accuracy is improved.
The leaf area meter in the step (5) is a handheld leaf area meter and comprises a grab handle, a scanner, a scanning board and a QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system, and the portable leaf area meter is convenient to use and can work in the field, can accurately, quickly and nondestructively measure the leaf area and related parameters of leaves, and can also perform area measurement on picked plant leaves and other sheet-shaped objects, the QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system can accurately and quickly measure the leaf area, the leaf circumference, the leaf length and the leaf width indexes, the QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system can intelligently measure single leaves and multiple leaves, count the parameters such as the total leaf area, the average leaf length, the average leaf width, the average length-width ratio and the average leaf circumference, and can also quickly measure the lesion leaf area, the worm damage leaf area and perform grading analysis on leaf color.
In the process of measuring the transpiration rate, the branches of the canopy of the fruit tree to be measured can be collected for multiple times, the steps (1) to (6) are repeated, the transpiration rate is calculated, the average value is obtained, the accuracy of the measured value is improved, and then when the transpiration rate is measured, the measurement can be carried out in multiple time periods, such as the measurement is carried out in the morning, at noon, at evening and at night.
In the application of the invention, the method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure is simple in distribution, convenient to operate, low in cost and convenient to popularize and use, the transpiration rate is quickly measured, the measured data is accurate, a user can conveniently connect the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy, irrigation is reasonably carried out, reasonable utilization of water resources is guaranteed, waste is avoided, and normal growth of the fruit tree is guaranteed.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (7)

1. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) sampling: selecting a branch on the canopy of the fruit tree to be tested, winding a wire on the branch of the branch so as to be hung conveniently, and then quickly cutting off the branch;
(2) weighing, namely rapidly placing the cut branches on a weighing instrument for weighing, and recording time and weight;
(3) transpiration: quickly putting the weighed branches back to the original positions, clamping the branches on the original mother branches through clamps, or fixing the branches on the original mother branches through wire ends connected to the branches in a winding manner, so that the branches are transpired in the original environment;
(4) weighing: after 3-5 minutes, quickly taking down the branches, putting the branches on an electronic top-loading balance again for weighing, and recording time and weight;
(5) area measurement: calculating the leaf area of the measured branches by a leaf area meter, and recording the numerical value of the leaf area;
(6) calculating the transpiration rate: by the formula:
Figure FDA0002465560350000011
and calculating the transpiration rate of the blade.
2. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the step (1) is used for sampling, the weight of the selected branches is 20-30 g, so that the transpiration water volume of the branches is close to 1 g in 3-5 minutes, and the water loss is not more than 10% of the water content.
3. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weighing instrument in the step (2) and the step (4) can be one of an electronic top load balance and a tray torsion balance, and the sensing quantity of the weighing instrument in the step (2) and the step (4) is 0.01 g.
4. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the weighing process in the step (2) and the step (4), a weighing instrument needs to be placed in a windproof glass box for use, so that the weighing instrument is not influenced by wind power during weighing, and the weighing accuracy is improved.
5. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the canopy structure of the fruit tree according to claim 1, wherein the leaf area meter in the step (5) is a hand-held leaf area meter which comprises a handle, a scanner, a scanning board and a QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system, and is a portable leaf area meter which is convenient to use and can work in the field.
6. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the canopy structure of the fruit tree as claimed in claim 5, wherein the QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system can accurately and rapidly measure the leaf area, the leaf circumference, the leaf length and the leaf width, the QT-L S02 plant leaf analysis system can intelligently measure single leaves and multiple leaves, count parameters such as total leaf area, average leaf length, average leaf width, average aspect ratio and average leaf circumference, and rapidly measure the lesion leaf area, the insect damage leaf area and perform grading analysis of leaf color.
7. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of the fruit tree canopy structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the process of measuring the transpiration rate, the branches of the canopy of the fruit tree to be measured can be collected for multiple times, the steps (1) to (6) are repeated, the transpiration rate is calculated, the average value is obtained, the accuracy of the measured value is improved, and then when the transpiration rate is measured, the measurement can be carried out in multiple time periods, such as the measurement is carried out in the morning, at noon, at evening and at night.
CN202010332767.XA 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure Pending CN111413472A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010332767.XA CN111413472A (en) 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010332767.XA CN111413472A (en) 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111413472A true CN111413472A (en) 2020-07-14

Family

ID=71492110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010332767.XA Pending CN111413472A (en) 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111413472A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115545519A (en) * 2022-10-20 2022-12-30 中国水利水电科学研究院 Crop transpiration rise scale measurement and evaluation method oriented to different water and soil environments

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1651861A (en) * 2005-03-11 2005-08-10 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Method for measuring blade of broadleaf plant
CN1818609A (en) * 2006-03-23 2006-08-16 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 Method and device for determining plant transpiration efficiency precisively
CN102297817A (en) * 2011-07-22 2011-12-28 北京师范大学 Measuring method and device for determining relationship between plant transpiration and leaf area
CN102680348A (en) * 2012-01-15 2012-09-19 河南科技大学 Method and device for measuring rice grain transpiration
KR101646048B1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-08 인하대학교 산학협력단 Capacitive humidity sensor for measuring the moisture of the leaves
CN205506003U (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-24 塔里木大学 Hand -held type leaf area appearance
CN108226389A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-06-29 北京林业大学 A kind of live standing tree Canopy transpiration amount calculates method and system
CN210221013U (en) * 2019-07-09 2020-03-31 河海大学 Portable leaf area meter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1651861A (en) * 2005-03-11 2005-08-10 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Method for measuring blade of broadleaf plant
CN1818609A (en) * 2006-03-23 2006-08-16 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 Method and device for determining plant transpiration efficiency precisively
CN102297817A (en) * 2011-07-22 2011-12-28 北京师范大学 Measuring method and device for determining relationship between plant transpiration and leaf area
CN102680348A (en) * 2012-01-15 2012-09-19 河南科技大学 Method and device for measuring rice grain transpiration
KR101646048B1 (en) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-08 인하대학교 산학협력단 Capacitive humidity sensor for measuring the moisture of the leaves
CN205506003U (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-08-24 塔里木大学 Hand -held type leaf area appearance
CN108226389A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-06-29 北京林业大学 A kind of live standing tree Canopy transpiration amount calculates method and system
CN210221013U (en) * 2019-07-09 2020-03-31 河海大学 Portable leaf area meter

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
北京渠道科学器材有限责任公司: "《植物叶分析系统》", 14 May 2018 *
易科泰生态科技: "《AM350便携式叶面积仪》", 14 November 2018 *
邹琦: "《植物生理生化实验指导》", 31 May 1995 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115545519A (en) * 2022-10-20 2022-12-30 中国水利水电科学研究院 Crop transpiration rise scale measurement and evaluation method oriented to different water and soil environments
CN115545519B (en) * 2022-10-20 2023-06-02 中国水利水电科学研究院 Crop transpiration scale measurement and evaluation method oriented to different water and soil environments

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Kanemasu et al. Stomatal diffusion resistance of snap beans. I. Influence of leaf-water potential
Whitehead The estimation of foliage area from sapwood basal area in Scots pine
Kouki et al. Long-term needle litterfall of a Scots pine Pinus sylvestris stand: relation to temperature factors
Herwitz Interception storage capacities of tropical rainforest canopy trees
Humphreys et al. Annual and seasonal variability of sensible and latent heat fluxes above a coastal Douglas-fir forest, British Columbia, Canada
Zweifel et al. Midday stomatal closure in Norway spruce—reactions in the upper and lower crown
Doltra et al. Evaluation of plant-based water status indicators in mature apple trees under field conditions
Jones et al. Surface conductance and water balance of developing apple (Malus pumila Mill.) fruits
Kelliher et al. Rainfall interception by trees and slash in a young Pinus radiata D. Don stand
Turner et al. Measurements of plant and soil water status and their association with leaf gas exchange in banana (Musa spp.): a laticiferous plant
Kowal et al. Water use, energy balance and growth of maize at Samaru, Northern Nigeria
CAMACHO‐B et al. Leaf water potential response to transpiration by citrus
Millar et al. Internal water balance of barley under soil moisture stress
Van Leeuwen et al. The use of physiological indicators to assess vine water uptake and to manage vineyard irrigation
CN101044823A (en) Method for estimating crop energy utilization rate and predetermining the yield
CN111413472A (en) Method for measuring transpiration rate of fruit tree canopy structure
Behboudian Water relations of cucumber, tomato, and sweet pepper
Bergamaschi et al. Estimating maize water requirements using agrometeorological data
Xiong et al. Growth in stem diameter of Larix principis-rupprechtii and its response to meteorological factors in the south of Liupan Mountain, China
Qin et al. A method for estimating surface albedo and its components for partial plastic mulched croplands
CN108243921A (en) A kind of method for instructing cotton irrigation volume early warning
Kubota et al. Influence of environmental conditions on radial patterns of sap flux density of a 70-year Fagus crenata trees in the Naeba Mountains, Japan
Liu et al. Transpiration estimation of banana (Musa sp.) plants with the thermal dissipation method
Simonneau et al. The use of tree root suckers to estimate root water potential
Borchert Electric resistance as a measure of tree water status during seasonal drought in a tropical dry forest in Costa Rica

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20200714

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication