CN111413213A - Circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method - Google Patents
Circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111413213A CN111413213A CN202010243663.1A CN202010243663A CN111413213A CN 111413213 A CN111413213 A CN 111413213A CN 202010243663 A CN202010243663 A CN 202010243663A CN 111413213 A CN111413213 A CN 111413213A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/025—Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/0296—Welds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and discloses a method for testing the breaking torque of a circular radial butt weld, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining actual welding parameters according to the actual transmission structure; s2: establishing a model; s3: respectively manufacturing a first sample piece and a second sample piece based on the model, and selecting a locking assembly; s4: assembling a first sample piece, a second sample piece and a locking assembly; s5: welding a welding seam to be welded through an actual welding process and forming a test welding seam; s6: manufacturing a clamp; s7: and clamping the test transmission structure to a torque testing machine and carrying out destructive torque test. The circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate and low in detection cost, and can accurately evaluate the maximum bearing torque of an actual weld and prevent an actual transmission structure from being over-designed, so that the manufacturing cost of the actual transmission structure is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a method for testing the destructive torque of a circular radial butt weld.
Background
In the development process of automobile transmission structural parts, the welding seam bearing torque is a very important input condition in the design of a product connecting structure. Due to the lack of basic data support of the damage torque of the welding seams of different metal materials, the basis of the transmission structural part in the process of designing the size distribution and the strength of the welding seams is generally from the benchmarking and related theoretical analysis and calculation of similar products. In order to ensure the reliability of a welding structure, the safety factor selected in the process of designing the welding seam is generally larger, so that an over-strong design phenomenon is inevitably generated. At present, the test of the welding seam bearing torque of the transmission structural part is verified together with the bench test of the assembly in most cases. Since the position where the first failure occurs is often in the non-welding area during the test, the method cannot accurately estimate the maximum torsion resistance of the target weld.
The circular radial butt joint structure is used as the most common connection form in automobile transmission structural parts, and is applied to the design and development of a differential mechanism, a transmission shaft tube and a brake camshaft. At present, a test sample and a method which can effectively and accurately test and evaluate the circular radial butt weld failure torque are not formed.
In order to meet the requirements of rapid development and accurate design of automobile transmission structural part products and support the construction of a basic database of the weld joint failure torque of different metal materials, a sample and a method for testing the circular radial butt joint weld joint failure torque are urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method, which solves the problem that in the prior art, because the maximum bearing torque of an actual weld cannot be accurately evaluated by an actual transmission structure, a sample piece is often over-designed, and the manufacturing cost is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a circular radial butt weld failure torque test method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining actual welding parameters according to the actual transmission structure;
the actual transmission structure comprises a first workpiece, a second workpiece and a locking assembly, the locking assembly connects the first workpiece and the second workpiece in a threaded manner, the first workpiece and the second workpiece are in radial butt joint, a circular actual welding seam is formed between the first workpiece and the second workpiece through welding, and the actual welding parameters comprise the actual diameter of the actual welding seam, the actual depth of the actual welding seam and an actual welding process for welding the actual welding seam;
s2: establishing a model;
the model comprises a geometric model of a first sample piece and a geometric model of a second sample piece, wherein a first through hole is formed in the first sample piece, the first through hole comprises a first clamping section which is in a regular prism shape and is connected in sequence, a first connecting section which is cylindrical and a first welding boss which is in a circular ring shape and is arranged on the first connecting section along the axial direction, the central line of the first clamping section, the central line of the first connecting section and the central line of the first welding boss are overlapped, a second through hole is formed in the second sample piece, the second through hole comprises a second clamping section which is in a regular prism shape and is connected in sequence, a driving section which is cylindrical, a second connecting section which is cylindrical and a second welding boss which is in a circular ring shape and is arranged on the second connecting section along the axial direction, the central line of the second clamping section, the central line of the driving section, the central line of the second connecting section and the central line of the second welding boss are overlapped, the first welding boss is opposite to the second welding boss;
s3: respectively manufacturing the first sample piece and the second sample piece based on the model, and selecting the locking assembly;
s4: assembling the first sample piece, the second sample piece and the locking assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a locking part body and a fixing part, the locking part body respectively penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole so that the first welding boss of the first sample piece is opposite to the second welding boss of the second sample piece, the fixing part is fixed on the locking part body, and a welding seam to be welded is formed between the first welding boss and the second welding boss;
s5: welding the welding line to be welded through the actual welding process and forming a test welding line;
welding the first sample piece and the second sample piece to obtain a test transmission structure, wherein the diameter of the test welding line is equal to the actual diameter, and the depth of the test welding line is equal to the actual depth;
s6: manufacturing a clamp;
the clamp comprises a first clamping piece and a second clamping piece, the first clamping piece can be sleeved on the first clamping section and can limit the first sample piece to rotate along the circumferential direction of the first connecting section, and the second clamping piece can be sleeved on the second clamping section and can limit the second sample piece to rotate along the circumferential direction of the second connecting section;
s7: clamping the test transmission structure to a torque testing machine and carrying out destructive torque testing;
the torque testing machine comprises a fixed end and a rotating end, wherein the fixed end and the rotating end are fixedly arranged, the first clamping piece is sleeved on one of the fixed end and the rotating end, and the second clamping piece is sleeved on the other of the fixed end and the rotating end; sleeving the first clamping piece on the first clamping section; sleeving the second clamping piece on the second clamping section; rotating the rotating end at a preset angular speed of 1/min-30/min and stopping until the test weld is damaged; and acquiring a torque value output by the rotating end when the test welding line is damaged as the maximum bearing torque of the actual welding line of the actual transmission structure.
As a preferable scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method, the first sample piece is made of one of structural steel or cast iron, and the second sample piece is made of one of structural steel or cast iron.
As a preferable scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque test method, the actual welding process is any one of electron beam welding, laser welding or metal inert gas arc welding.
As an optimal scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method, the second sample piece further comprises a guide protrusion in a cylindrical shape, a guide groove is formed in the first sample piece and corresponds to the guide protrusion, the center line of the guide groove, the center line of the first connecting section and the center line of the second connecting section are overlapped, and the guide protrusion can be in clearance fit in the guide groove.
As a preferable scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque test method, the diameter of the test weld is d1, the radial width of the test weld is h, d1 is less than or equal to 150mm, and 2mm is less than or equal to h is less than or equal to 6 mm.
As a preferable scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method, the diameter of a circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the first clamping section is d2, and d1-10mm is less than or equal to d2 and less than or equal to d 1.
As a preferable scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method, the outer diameter of the driving section is d3, and d1-5mm is less than or equal to d3 is less than or equal to d1-2 mm.
As a preferable scheme of the circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method, the diameter of a circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the second clamping section is d4, and d3-5mm is less than or equal to d4 and less than or equal to d 3.
As a preferred embodiment of the circular radial butt weld failure torque test method, when the first welding boss and the second welding boss are arranged opposite to each other, the first connecting section and the second connecting section form a cavity, and an axial depth of the cavity is W, where W is less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
As a preferred scheme of a circular radial butt weld destructive torque testing method, the axial length of the first clamping section is L1, the axial length of the first welding boss is L2, the axial length of the first connecting section is L03, the axial length of the second clamping section is L14, the axial length of the second welding boss is L5, the axial length of the second connecting section is L6, L1 ≧ 35mm, L2 + L3 ≧ 10mm, L4 ≧ 35mm, and L5 + L6 ≧ 10 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the circular radial butt welding seam damage torque testing method disclosed by the invention can be used for accurately manufacturing a first sample piece and a second sample piece according to an actual transmission structure, selecting the locking assembly, welding by adopting the same welding process as the actual welding process, manufacturing the clamp corresponding to the actual transmission structure so as to enable the test transmission structure to be arranged on the clamp, finally, performing torque detection on the test transmission structure by using the torque testing machine, and collecting a torque value output by a rotating end when the test welding seam is damaged as the maximum bearing torque of the actual welding seam of the actual transmission structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test drive configuration according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a test drive configuration according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a test transmission structure, a first clamping member, a second clamping member and a torque testing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the test transmission structure, the first clamping member, the second clamping member and the torque testing machine according to the first embodiment of the invention in another direction.
In the figure:
1. a first sample; 10. a guide groove; 11. a first clamping section; 12. a first connection section; 13. a first welding boss;
2. a second sample; 20. a cavity; 21. a second clamping section; 22. a drive section; 23. a second connection section; 24. a second welding boss; 25. a guide projection;
3. a locking assembly; 31. a locking member body; 32. a fixing member;
41. a first clamping member; 42. a second clamping member;
51. a rotating end; 52. a fixed end; 53. a guide rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the method or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection or a removable connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a method for testing a failure torque of a circular radial butt weld, including the following steps:
s1: determining actual welding parameters according to the actual transmission structure;
the actual transmission structure comprises a first workpiece, a second workpiece and a locking assembly 3, wherein the locking assembly 3 connects the first workpiece and the second workpiece in a threaded manner, the first workpiece and the second workpiece are in radial butt joint, a round actual welding seam is formed between the first workpiece and the second workpiece through welding, and the actual welding parameters comprise the actual diameter of the actual welding seam, the actual depth of the actual welding seam and the actual welding process for welding the actual welding seam;
s2: establishing a model;
the model comprises a geometric model of a first sample 1 and a geometric model of a second sample 2, as shown in fig. 3, the first sample 1 is provided with a first through hole and comprises a first clamping section 11 in a regular prism shape, a first cylindrical connecting section 12 and a first annular welding boss 13 axially arranged on the first connecting section 12, the central line of the first clamping section 11, the central line of the first connecting section 12 and the central line of the first welding boss 13 are overlapped, as shown in fig. 3, the second sample 2 is provided with a second through hole and comprises a second clamping section 21 in a regular prism shape, a driving section 22 in a cylindrical shape, a second cylindrical connecting section 23 and a second annular welding boss 24 axially arranged on the second connecting section 23, the central line of the second clamping section 21, the central line of the driving section 22, the central line of the second connecting section 23 and the central line of the second welding boss 24 are overlapped, the first welding boss 13 is arranged opposite to the second welding boss 24;
s3: respectively manufacturing a first sample piece 1 and a second sample piece 2 based on the model, and selecting a locking assembly 3;
s4: assembling a first sample piece 1, a second sample piece 2 and a locking assembly 3;
as shown in fig. 3, the locking assembly 3 includes a locking member body 31 and a fixing member 32, the locking member body 31 is respectively inserted through the first through hole and the second through hole so that the first welding boss 13 of the first sample 1 is opposite to the second welding boss 24 of the second sample 2, and is fixed on the locking member body 31 by using the fixing member 32, and a welding seam to be welded is formed between the first welding boss 13 and the second welding boss 24;
s5: welding a welding seam to be welded through an actual welding process and forming a test welding seam;
welding the first sample piece 1 and the second sample piece 2 to obtain a test transmission structure, wherein the diameter of a test welding line is equal to the actual diameter of the actual welding line, and the depth of the test welding line is equal to the actual depth of the actual welding line;
s6: manufacturing a clamp;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixture includes a first clamping member 41 and a second clamping member 42, the first clamping member 41 can be sleeved on the first clamping section 11 and can limit the first sample 1 to rotate along the circumferential direction of the first connecting section 12, and the second clamping member 42 can be sleeved on the second clamping section 21 and can limit the second sample 2 to rotate along the circumferential direction of the second connecting section 23;
s7: clamping the test transmission structure to a torque testing machine and carrying out destructive torque testing;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the torsion testing machine includes a fixed end 52 and a rotatable end 51, and the first clamping member 41 is sleeved on the fixed end 52; sleeving the second clamping piece 42 on the rotating end 51; sleeving the first clamping piece 41 on the first clamping section 11; sleeving the second clamping piece 42 on the second clamping section 21; rotating the rotating end 51 clockwise at a preset angular speed of 1 DEG/min and stopping until the test weld is damaged; and acquiring a torque value output by the rotating end 51 when the test welding line is damaged as the maximum bearing torque of the actual welding line of the actual transmission structure, wherein the maximum bearing torque is 1236 N.m.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixed end 52 and the rotating end 51 are slidably connected to the guide rail 53 of the torsion testing machine respectively, so that the fixed end 52 and the rotating end 51 can move towards or away from each other respectively, and during the experiment, the fixed end 52 and the rotating end 51 can be positioned on the guide rail 53 respectively. In other embodiments of the present invention, the predetermined angular velocity is not limited to 1 °/min in the embodiment, but may be any value between 1 °/min and 30 °/min. In other embodiments, the first clamping member 41 can be sleeved on the rotating end 51, and the second clamping member 42 can be sleeved on the fixed end 52.
The circular radial butt weld joint failure torque testing method provided by the embodiment can accurately manufacture the first sample piece 1 and the second sample piece 2 according to an actual transmission structure, simultaneously selects the locking assembly 3, adopts a welding process the same as the actual welding process to weld, then manufactures a clamp corresponding to the test transmission structure, so that the test transmission structure is installed on the clamp, finally uses a torque testing machine to carry out torque detection on the test transmission structure, collects a torque value output by the rotating end 51 when the test weld joint is broken as the maximum bearing torque of the actual weld joint of the actual transmission structure, is simple in operation, low in detection cost, and capable of accurately evaluating the maximum bearing torque of the actual weld joint, prevents the actual transmission structure from being over-designed, and therefore reduces the manufacturing cost of the actual transmission structure.
Specifically, the first sample 1 and the second sample 2 of this embodiment are made of 20CrMnTiH carburizing steel, the first clamping section 11 is a regular pentagonal prism, the second clamping section 21 is a regular hexagonal prism, the actual welding process is electron beam welding, the first clamping section 11, the first connecting section 12 and the first welding boss 13 are integrally formed into the first sample 1, and the second clamping section 21, the second connecting section 23, the driving section 22, the second welding boss 24 and the guide protrusion 25 are integrally formed into the second sample 2. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first sample 1 may be made of other structural steels, cast steels or cast irons than 20CrMnTiH carburizing steel, and the second sample 2 may be made of other structural steels, cast steels or cast irons than 20CrMnTiH carburizing steel.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the second sample 2 of this embodiment further includes a cylindrical guide protrusion 25, the first sample 1 is provided with a guide groove 10 corresponding to the guide protrusion 25, a center line of the guide groove 10, a center line of the first connecting section 12, and a center line of the second connecting section 23 are overlapped, the guide protrusion 25 can be in clearance fit in the guide groove 10, a fit clearance between the guide protrusion 25 and the guide groove 10 is M, and M is 0.01 mm. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, M satisfies: m is more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.1mm, namely M can be any value between 0.01mm and 0.1 mm.
Specifically, when the first welding boss 13 is disposed opposite to the second welding boss 24, as shown in fig. 3, the first connecting section 12 and the second connecting section 23 form a cavity 20, the axial depth of the cavity 20 is W, W is 2mm, the diameter of the test weld is d1, that is, d1 is the outer diameter of the first welding boss 13, the radial width of the test weld is h, d1 is 50mm, and h is 2 mm. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, W may be any value between 2mm and 6mm, d1 may be any value not greater than 150mm, and h may be any value between 2mm and 6 mm.
Further, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the first clamping section 11 of the embodiment is d2, d2 is 40mm, the outer diameter of the driving section 22 is d3, d3 is 45mm, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the second clamping section 21 is d4, and d4 is 40 mm. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, d2, d3, d4 may also have other values, as long as d2, d3, and d4 respectively satisfy the following relations, d1-10mm ≦ d2 ≦ d1, d1-5mm ≦ d3 ≦ d1-2mm, and d3-5mm ≦ d4 ≦ d3, and the specific size is selected according to the actual transmission structure.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the axial length of the first clamping section 11 is L, L is 35mm, the axial length of the first welding boss 13 is L, the axial length of the first connecting section 12 is L, L + 3533 is 10mm, the axial length of the second clamping section 21 is L, 3654 is 35mm, the axial length of the second welding boss 24 is L65, the axial length of the second connecting section 23 is L, L + L96 is 10mm, and of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the numerical values of L, L, L, L, L, and L are not limited to this example, and the numerical values of L + L > 10mm, L > 35mm, and # L + 866 > 10mm may be any one of the following conditions, L > 35mm, L + L > 10mm, L > 35mm, and # 845 + L mm.
The first clamp 41 and the second clamp 42 are both made of medium carbon steel 40 Cr. In order to facilitate the assembly of the first sample piece 1 and the second sample piece 2 with the first clamping piece 41 and the second clamping piece 42 respectively, the first clamping piece 41 and the first clamping section 11 are in clearance fit, the fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the first clamping section is 0.2mm, the second clamping piece 42 and the second clamping section 21 are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance between the second clamping piece and the second clamping section is 0.3 mm. Similarly, in order to facilitate the assembly of the first clamping member 41 and the second clamping member 42 on the torsion testing machine, the outer contour of the first clamping member 41 is a regular quadrangle and is matched with a regular quadrangle inner hole of the rotating end 51 of the torsion testing machine, the first clamping member 41 is in clearance fit with the torsion testing machine, the fit clearance between the first clamping member 41 and the torsion testing machine is 0.3mm, the outer contour of the second clamping member 42 is a regular quadrangle and is matched with a regular quadrangle inner hole of the fixing end 51 of the torsion testing machine, and the fit clearance between the first clamping member 41 and the torsion testing machine is 0.2 mm.
Example two
The difference between the circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method and the first embodiment is that the first sample 1 is made of 20CrMnTiH carburizing steel, the second sample 2 is made of QT450-10 cast iron, and the first sample 1 and the second sample 2 are connected by laser welding, wherein the first clamping section 11 is a regular decagonal prism, and the second clamping section 21 is a regular hexagonal prism.
The diameter d1 of the test weld is 150mm, the diameter d2 of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the first clamping section 11 is 150mm, the outer diameter d3 of the driving section is 148mm, and the diameter d4 of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the second clamping section 21 is 145 mm. The radial width h of the test weld is 3.5mm, the axial depth W of the cavity 20 is 6mm, and the fit clearance M of the guide projection 25 and the guide groove 10 is 0.05 mm.
The axial length L1 of the first clamping section 11 of the present embodiment is 50mm, the sum of the axial length L2 of the first welding boss 13 and the axial length L3 of the first connecting section 12 is 20mm, the axial length L4 of the second clamping section 21 is 45mm, and the sum of the axial length L5 of the second welding boss 24 and the axial length L6 of the second connecting section 23 is 15 mm.
The first clamping piece 41 and the first clamping section 11 are in clearance fit, the fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the first clamping section is 0.3mm, the second clamping piece 42 and the second clamping section 21 are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance between the second clamping piece and the second clamping section is 0.3 mm. The first clamping piece 41 and the second clamping piece 42 of this embodiment are both made of carbon modulation steel in 40CrMo, the outer contour of the first clamping piece 41 is a regular quadrangle, and is matched with a regular quadrangle inner hole of a rotating end 51 of a torsion testing machine, the first clamping piece 41 is in clearance fit with the torsion testing machine, a fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the torsion testing machine is 0.5mm, the outer contour of the second clamping piece 42 is a regular quadrangle, and is matched with a regular quadrangle inner hole of a fixed end 52 of the torsion testing machine, and a fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece is 0.5 mm.
Experimental tests show that when the torsion testing machine rotates clockwise at an angular speed of 15 DEG/min, the maximum bearing torque of an actual welding line of an actual transmission structure is 18369 N.m.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between the circular radial butt weld failure torque test method and the first and second embodiments is that the first sample 1 of the embodiment is made of FAS3420H carburized steel, the second sample 2 is made of 20CrNiMoH carburized steel, and the first sample 1 and the second sample 2 are connected by metal inert gas arc welding, wherein the first clamping section 11 is a regular hexagonal prism, and the second clamping section 21 is a regular hexagonal prism.
The diameter d1 of the test weld is 83mm, the diameter d2 of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the first clamping section 11 is 83mm, the outer diameter d3 of the driving section 22 is 80mm, and the diameter d4 of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the second clamping section 21 is 80 mm. The radial width h of the test weld is 5mm, the axial depth W of the cavity 20 is 4mm, and the fit clearance M of the guide projection 25 and the guide groove 10 is 0.1 mm.
The axial length L1 of the first clamping section 11 of the present embodiment is 40mm, the sum of the axial length L2 of the first welding boss 13 and the axial length L3 of the first connecting section 12 is 15mm, the axial length L4 of the second clamping section 21 is 45mm, and the sum of the axial length L5 of the second welding boss 24 and the axial length L6 of the second connecting section 23 is 15 mm.
The first clamping piece 41 and the first clamping section 11 are in clearance fit, the fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the first clamping section is 0.2mm, the second clamping piece 42 and the second clamping section 21 are in clearance fit, and the fit clearance between the second clamping piece and the second clamping section is 0.4 mm. The first clamping piece 41 and the second clamping piece 42 of this embodiment are both made of 35CrMoA medium carbon modulation steel, the outer contour of the first clamping piece 41 is a regular quadrangle, and is matched with a regular quadrangle inner hole of a rotating end 52 of a torsion testing machine, the first clamping piece 41 is in clearance fit with the torsion testing machine, a fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the torsion testing machine is 0.4mm, the outer contour of the second clamping piece 42 is a regular quadrangle, and is matched with a regular quadrangle inner hole of a fixed end 51 of the torsion testing machine, and a fit clearance between the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece is 0.2 mm.
Experimental tests show that when the torsion testing machine rotates clockwise at an angular speed of 30 DEG/min, the maximum bearing torque of an actual welding line of an actual transmission structure is 16487 N.m.
According to the three embodiments, the three actual welding processes of laser welding, electron beam welding and metal inert gas arc welding are often adopted between the first sample piece 1 and the second sample piece 2, so that the maximum bearing torque condition of the welding seam of the first sample piece 1 and the second sample piece 2 under different actual welding process conditions is obtained, and the design accuracy of an actual transmission structure is improved. The maximum bearing torque database of the actual welding line under different material combinations can be established by changing the materials for manufacturing the first sample piece 1 and the second sample piece 2, the over-strong design of the actual transmission structure is avoided, the product development period is shortened, and the manufacturing cost of the actual transmission structure is reduced.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A circular radial butt weld failure torque test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining actual welding parameters according to the actual transmission structure;
the actual transmission structure comprises a first workpiece, a second workpiece and a locking assembly (3), the locking assembly (3) connects the first workpiece and the second workpiece in a threaded manner, the first workpiece and the second workpiece are in radial butt joint, a circular actual welding seam is formed between the first workpiece and the second workpiece through welding, and the actual welding parameters comprise the actual diameter of the actual welding seam, the actual depth of the actual welding seam and an actual welding process for welding the actual welding seam;
s2: establishing a model;
the model comprises a geometric model of a first sample piece (1) and a geometric model of a second sample piece (2), wherein a first through hole is formed in the first sample piece (1), the first through hole comprises a first clamping section (11) which is in a regular prism shape, a first cylindrical connecting section (12) and a first welding boss (13) which is arranged on the first connecting section (12) along the axial direction, the central line of the first clamping section (11), the central line of the first connecting section (12) and the central line of the first welding boss (13) are overlapped, a second through hole is formed in the second sample piece (2) and the second clamping section (21) which is in a regular prism shape, a cylindrical driving section (22), a second cylindrical connecting section (23) and a second welding boss (24) which is arranged on the second connecting section (23) along the axial direction, the central line of the second clamping section (21), the central line of the driving section (22), the central line of the second connecting section (23) and the central line of the second welding boss (24) are superposed, and the first welding boss (13) and the second welding boss (24) are arranged oppositely;
s3: respectively manufacturing the first sample piece (1) and the second sample piece (2) based on the model, and selecting the locking assembly (3);
s4: assembling the first sample piece (1), the second sample piece (2) and the locking assembly (3);
the locking assembly (3) comprises a locking piece body (31) and a fixing piece (32), the locking piece body (31) penetrates through the first penetrating hole and the second penetrating hole respectively to enable the first welding boss (13) of the first sample piece (1) to be over against the second welding boss (24) of the second sample piece (2), the fixing piece (32) is used for fixing the locking piece body (31), and a welding seam to be welded is formed between the first welding boss (13) and the second welding boss (24);
s5: welding the welding line to be welded through the actual welding process and forming a test welding line;
welding the first sample piece (1) and the second sample piece (2) to obtain a test transmission structure, wherein the diameter of the test welding line is equal to the actual diameter, and the depth of the test welding line is equal to the actual depth;
s6: manufacturing a clamp;
the clamp comprises a first clamping piece (41) and a second clamping piece (42), the first clamping piece (41) can be sleeved on the first clamping section (11) and can limit the first sample piece (1) to rotate along the circumferential direction of the first connecting section (12), and the second clamping piece (42) can be sleeved on the second clamping section (21) and can limit the second sample piece (2) to rotate along the circumferential direction of the second connecting section (23);
s7: clamping the test transmission structure to a torque testing machine and carrying out destructive torque testing;
the torsion testing machine comprises a fixed end (52) and a rotatable rotating end (51), wherein the fixed end (52) and the rotatable rotating end (51) are fixedly arranged, the first clamping piece (41) is sleeved on one of the fixed end (52) and the rotating end (51), and the second clamping piece (42) is sleeved on the other one of the fixed end (52) and the rotating end (51); sleeving the first clamping piece (41) on the first clamping section (11); sleeving the second clamping piece (42) on the second clamping section (21); rotating the rotating end (51) at a preset angular speed of between 1 DEG/min and 30 DEG/min and stopping until the test weld is broken; and acquiring a torque value output by the rotating end (51) when the test welding line is damaged as the maximum bearing torque of the actual welding line of the actual transmission structure.
2. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sample (1) is made of one of structural steel or cast iron and the second sample (2) is made of one of structural steel or cast iron.
3. The circular radial butt weld failure torque testing method according to claim 1, wherein the actual welding process is any one of electron beam welding, laser welding, or metal inert gas arc welding.
4. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to claim 1, wherein the second sample piece (2) further comprises a cylindrical guide protrusion (25), the first sample piece (1) is provided with a guide groove (10) corresponding to the guide protrusion (25), a center line of the guide groove (10), a center line of the first connecting section (12) and a center line of the second connecting section (23) are overlapped, and the guide protrusion (25) can be in clearance fit in the guide groove (10).
5. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to claim 1, wherein the test weld has a diameter d1, a radial width h, d1 ≦ 150mm, and 2mm ≦ h ≦ 6 mm.
6. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the first clamping section (11) is d2, d1-10mm ≦ d2 ≦ d 1.
7. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer diameter of the driving section (22) is d3, d1-5mm < d3 < d1-2 mm.
8. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to claim 7, characterized in that the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular prism shape of the second clamping section (21) is d4, d3-5mm ≦ d4 ≦ d 3.
9. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein when the first welding boss (13) and the second welding boss (24) are arranged oppositely, the first connecting section (12) and the second connecting section (23) form a cavity (20), and the axial depth of the cavity (20) is W,2mm and 6 mm.
10. The circular radial butt weld failure torque test method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the axial length of the first clamping section (11) is L1, the axial length of the first welding boss (13) is L2, the axial length of the first connecting section (12) is L03, the axial length of the second clamping section (21) is L14, the axial length of the second welding boss (24) is L5, the axial length of the second connecting section (23) is L6, L1 ≧ 35mm, L2 + L3 ≧ 10mm, L4 ≧ 35mm, L5 + L6 ≧ 10 mm.
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