CN111412976A - Single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on randomized elastic wave metamaterial - Google Patents
Single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on randomized elastic wave metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN111412976A CN111412976A CN202010293372.3A CN202010293372A CN111412976A CN 111412976 A CN111412976 A CN 111412976A CN 202010293372 A CN202010293372 A CN 202010293372A CN 111412976 A CN111412976 A CN 111412976A
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Abstract
A single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on randomized elastic wave metamaterial comprises a metamaterial based on a supercell module and a vibration sensor arranged in any supercell module, wherein: the vibration sensor acquires a highly uncorrelated transmitted vibration signal input from the boundary of the metamaterial and passing through the supercell module. The invention can pass a vibration sensor, does not need multi-channel data synchronous acquisition, and has the advantages of simple system, small volume, low cost, high identification precision, wide working frequency band, parameterized and modularized structure, and easy realization of miniaturization improvement and modularized reconstruction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of vibration tracing, in particular to a single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on a randomized elastic wave metamaterial.
Background
The vibration excitation identification has wide application in the fields of structural health monitoring, equipment fault diagnosis, noise source identification, manual interaction, intelligent hardware, Internet of things and the like. Under a plurality of complex environments, the vibration measurement of the vibration source is difficult to realize directly, and the identification of the vibration excitation at present mainly depends on solving the inverse problem of dynamics, namely, the position and the information of the vibration source are solved through the response of a measurement system to the vibration. The traditional vibration source identification method comprises transmission path analysis, blind source separation, array signal processing and the like, and the methods depend on the number of sensors and the layout mode of the sensors, so that the test system is complex and has high power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on the randomized elastic wave metamaterial, which can realize the tracing of multi-source vibration by 3D printing or structure integration and other methods through one vibration sensor and has the advantages of wide frequency band, high precision, small volume, low cost, easy improvement and expansion and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a single sensor vibration excitation identification system based on a randomized elastic wave metamaterial, which comprises a metamaterial based on a supercell module and a vibration sensor arranged in any supercell module, wherein: the vibration sensor acquires a highly uncorrelated transmitted vibration signal input from the boundary of the metamaterial and passing through the supercell module.
Each local resonance unit is distributed in the supercell module in a disordered way, and the local resonance unit comprises a base body and a mass block arranged inside the base body, wherein: the mass block is connected with the base body through the elastic element, and each local resonance unit has a random resonance frequency, so that a mass-spring-damping-base body resonance system is formed.
The metamaterial is prepared by 3D printing, laser cutting, numerical control processing and gluing, and is made of metal, plastic, rubber or a combination thereof.
The local resonance unit structures in the supercell modules are different, and the local resonance unit structures and the number of the different supercell modules are different.
The supercell module is provided with a plurality of input/output ends so that different supercell modules can be connected with each other.
The elastic element is realized by adopting but not limited to an elastic beam or rubber.
The single-sensor vibration excitation identification system is further provided with a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition module and a signal analysis module which are sequentially connected with the vibration sensor, wherein: the signal conditioning module is electrically connected with the vibration sensor and is used for amplifying and filtering the obtained vibration signal; the data acquisition module is electrically connected with the signal conditioning module and acquires the amplified and filtered vibration signals; the signal analysis module analyzes and processes the acquired vibration signals by adopting a preset algorithm to obtain the spatial position and the signal category of the vibration excitation.
The analysis treatment refers to: performing fast Fourier transform on signals acquired by the vibration sensor to obtain a spatial vibration transmission spectrum of the metamaterial system; carrying out further principal component analysis and dimensionality reduction to construct an observation matrix capable of being used for a compressed sensing algorithm; and reconstructing the vibration source information by adopting a two-step iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm.
The randomness of the structural parameters of the supercell module is realized by generating random number sequences.
Technical effects
The invention integrally solves the technical problem of realizing the identification of multi-source vibration excitation by adopting a single vibration sensor; compared with the prior art, the invention only comprises one vibration sensor, does not need multi-channel data synchronous acquisition and has the advantages of simple system, small volume, low cost and the like; the invention has high identification precision, wide working frequency band, parameterized and modularized structure, and is easy to realize miniaturization improvement and modularized reconstruction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metamaterial according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a supercell module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a local resonance unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the calibration and testing of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the results of an experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment relates to a single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on randomized elastic wave metamaterial, which includes: metamaterial 3 based on supercell module 2 and set up vibration sensor 4 and signal conditioning module 5, data acquisition module 6 and signal analysis module 7 that link to each other with it in arbitrary supercell module 2, wherein: when elastic vibration enters the metamaterial 3 from the boundary of at least one supercell module 2, the structural parameters, the number and the distribution of the local resonance units 1 in the supercell modules 2 all affect the propagation of the vibration, so that the modulation characteristic of the vibration signal is affected. Different supercell modules 2 are adjacently connected, can generate highly irrelevant spatial modulation on input vibration signals, and then are acquired by a vibration sensor 4; the signal conditioning module 5 is electrically connected with the vibration sensor 4 and is used for amplifying and filtering the obtained vibration signal; the data acquisition module 6 is electrically connected with the signal conditioning module 5 and is used for acquiring the amplified and filtered vibration signals; the signal analysis module 7 processes the acquired vibration signal by adopting a preset algorithm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the metamaterial 3 includes a plurality of adjacent arrangement of the superlattice modules 2, and each of the superlattice modules 2 includes a plurality of local resonance units 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the local resonance unit 1 includes: a base body 101, an elastic element 102 and a mass block 103.
As shown in fig. 2, the local resonance unit 1 may also use two spiral beams as the elastic element and the central mass connected to the elastic element.
In the present embodiment, the local resonance unit 1 is designed as a "mass-spring-damping-matrix" resonance system. The arrangement of the local resonance units 1 in the supercell module 2 is disordered.
The supercell module 2 can be manufactured by adopting manufacturing methods such as 3D printing, laser cutting, numerical control processing, gluing and the like, and the material can be metal, plastic, rubber and the like; the metamaterial 3 can also be manufactured by adopting a structure integration manufacturing method.
The metamaterial 3 can be combined into various planar and three-dimensional configurations according to requirements; the spatial structure of each local resonance unit 1 in a single supercell module 2 is different, and the spatial structure of the local resonance unit 1 between different supercell modules 2 is also different.
In this embodiment, the shape structure of the local resonance unit 1, the arrangement and placement manner of the local resonance unit 1, the shape structure of the supercell module 2, the arrangement and placement manner of the supercell module 2, and the configuration of the metamaterial system 3 can be flexibly designed according to actual application occasions.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment relates to a vibration tracing method of the system, which includes two parts, namely, calibration and testing, wherein:
the calibration part comprises the following steps:
step 1) selecting a position to be calibrated, and exciting at the position;
step 2) a vibration sensor in the metamaterial system picks up signals, and output signals of the vibration sensor are collected and processed;
step 3) obtaining the spatial vibration transmission characteristic of the metamaterial system by adopting a fast Fourier transform algorithm;
and 4) carrying out principal component analysis and dimension reduction on the obtained metamaterial system space vibration transmission spectrum, and constructing an observation matrix for a compressed sensing algorithm subsequently.
The test part comprises the following steps:
step 1) randomly selecting a vibration signal in a randomly generated signal set of broadband white noise;
step 2) adopting a plurality of vibration sources to simultaneously excite the metamaterial system;
step 3) collecting output signals picked up by the vibration sensor;
and 4) reconstructing and identifying the vibration source information by using a compressed sensing algorithm, wherein the specific algorithm comprises the following steps: observation matrix algorithms and reconstruction algorithms.
Through specific practical experiments, under the specific environment setting of a laboratory, a randomized supercell module is designed according to a frequency interval of 0-1000Hz, the area of the module is controlled within 1 square meter, vibration information from different directions (up to six directions) is randomly coded, and a sensor is adopted to realize the identification of a plurality of vibration sources by applying a compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm.
An experimental result of this example is shown in fig. 6, which shows that the vibration source with the signal index of 17 th signal is excited at the 1 st position, the vibration source with the signal index of 6 th signal is excited at the 2 nd position, and the vibration source with the signal index of 14 th signal is excited at the 6 th position.
Compared with the prior art, the number of the sensors required by the method is reduced to only 1, and the success rate of multi-source vibration excitation identification is over 95 percent.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A single-sensor vibration excitation identification system based on randomized elastic wave metamaterial is characterized by comprising: metamaterial based on supercell module and set up the vibration sensor in arbitrary supercell module, wherein: the vibration sensor acquires a vibration signal which is input from the boundary of the metamaterial and is transmitted through the supercell module in a highly uncorrelated mode;
the structures of the local resonance units in the supercell modules are different, and the structures and the number of the local resonance units among different supercell modules are different; the supercell module is provided with a plurality of input/output ends so that different supercell modules can be connected with each other.
2. The single-sensor vibration excitation identification system of claim 1, wherein each local resonance unit is randomly distributed in the supercell module, the local resonance unit comprises a base body and a mass block arranged inside the base body, wherein: the mass block is connected with the base body through the elastic element, and each local resonance unit has a random resonance frequency, so that a mass-spring-damping-base body resonance system is formed.
3. The single sensor vibro-excitation identification system of claim 2 wherein the elastic element is implemented using an elastic beam or rubber.
4. The single-sensor vibration excitation recognition system of claim 2, further comprising a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition module and a signal analysis module sequentially connected to the vibration sensor, wherein: the signal conditioning module is electrically connected with the vibration sensor and is used for amplifying and filtering the obtained vibration signal; the data acquisition module is electrically connected with the signal conditioning module and acquires the amplified and filtered vibration signals; the signal analysis module analyzes and processes the acquired vibration signals by adopting a preset algorithm to obtain the spatial position and the signal category of the vibration excitation.
5. The single sensor vibro-excitation recognition system of claim 4 wherein the analysis process is: performing fast Fourier transform on signals acquired by the vibration sensor to obtain a spatial vibration transmission spectrum of the metamaterial system; carrying out further principal component analysis and dimensionality reduction to construct an observation matrix capable of being used for a compressed sensing algorithm; and reconstructing the vibration source information by adopting a two-step iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm.
6. The single sensor vibration excitation identification system of claim 2 wherein the meta-material is made by 3D printing, laser cutting, numerical control machining, gluing, metal, plastic, rubber or combinations thereof.
7. The single sensor vibro-excitation recognition system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the randomness of the structural parameters of the supercell module is achieved by generating a random sequence of numbers.
8. A vibration tracing method based on the single-sensor vibration excitation identification system of any one of the preceding claims, comprising two parts of calibration and testing, wherein:
the calibration part comprises the following steps:
step 1) selecting a position to be calibrated, and exciting at the position;
step 2) a vibration sensor in the metamaterial system picks up signals, and output signals of the vibration sensor are collected and processed;
step 3) obtaining the spatial vibration transmission characteristic of the metamaterial system by adopting a fast Fourier transform algorithm;
step 4), carrying out principal component analysis and dimension reduction on the obtained metamaterial system space vibration transmission spectrum, and constructing an observation matrix for a compressed sensing algorithm;
the test part comprises the following steps:
step 1) randomly selecting a vibration signal in a randomly generated signal set of broadband white noise;
step 2) adopting a plurality of vibration sources to simultaneously excite the metamaterial system;
step 3) collecting output signals picked up by the vibration sensor;
and 4) reconstructing and identifying the vibration source information by using a compressed sensing algorithm, wherein the specific algorithm comprises the following steps: observation matrix algorithms and reconstruction algorithms.
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| CN111853154A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 上海交通大学 | Active coding adjustable metamaterial system for low-frequency-domain broadband vibration isolation |
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