CN111412380A - 一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统 - Google Patents

一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统 Download PDF

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CN111412380A
CN111412380A CN202010229015.0A CN202010229015A CN111412380A CN 111412380 A CN111412380 A CN 111412380A CN 202010229015 A CN202010229015 A CN 202010229015A CN 111412380 A CN111412380 A CN 111412380A
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hydrogen
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hydrogen production
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CN111412380B (zh
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朱明泽
徐春祥
许小勇
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Jiuchang New Energy Technology Zhenjiang Co ltd
Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，包括制氢装置、气态储氢系统、固态储氢系统、氢气发电系统，制氢装置与气态储氢系统相连，固态储氢系统通过氢气泵连接在气态储氢系统上。该系统实现了氢气的制、储、用及运输一体化，提高了氢气的利用效率，降低了氢气制取和使用成本，将电解水制氢和光催化制氢统一到同一个设备中，提高制氢效率，减小制氢设备的占地面积，克服了氢气存储运输过程高压导致的危险性问题，制氢过程无污染，绿色环保。

Description

一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种清洁能源制、储、用及运输一体系统，更具体地，涉及一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统。
背景技术
氢是一种洁净的二次能源载体，氢燃料电池具有能量转化率高、噪音低以及零排放等优点，氢气是连接可再生能源与传统化石能源的桥梁，通过氢能与燃料电池，可以实现未来洁净能源利用变革的愿景。目前，氢能和燃料电池已在部分领域中初步实现商业化。氢能燃料电池和燃料电池车的研究和商业化发展较为迅速，氢气生产、氢气储存和氢气利用领域不断进行创新。然而，目前氢气生产和运输成本高、加氢站等基础设施并不完善，导致电池生产、储存及运输成本较高，同时储存及运输危险性大，因而限制了燃料电池和燃料电池应用产业的发展。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是提供一种制备方便、储存及运输安全、氢气利用便利的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统。
技术方案：本发明所述一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，包括制氢装置、气态储氢系统、固态储氢系统、氢气发电系统，制氢装置与气态储氢系统相连，固态储氢系统通过氢气泵连接在气态储氢系统上。
其中，制氢装置包括电解水制氢系统和光催化制氢系统，制氢装置上连接有水桶和太阳能光伏发电板，制氢装置包括透明材料制成的制氢槽，制氢槽中间放置有隔膜，隔膜两侧分别放置有阴极电极、阳极电极和出气管，阴极电极一侧为氢气出气管，阳极电极一侧为氧气出气管，制氢装置底部连接有入水管，隔膜为聚砜基氢氧根离子交换膜，聚砜基氢氧根离子交换膜面对阴极电极的一面涂布电催化剂和光催化剂，催化剂为低Pt的单原子纳米微球材料，制氢装置周围设置有反光镜，用于将阳光聚集到制氢装置上，提高光催化制氢反应的效率；氢气发电系统包括连接在气态储氢系统上的氢燃料电池反应堆，氢燃料电池反应堆上连接有空气压缩机、热水输出管道和电缆，固态储氢系统为可流动作业的储能设备，气态储氢系统为带有压力传感器的高压储罐，工作压力P0为30-70MPa，当气态储氢系统内压力大于工作压力P0时，气态储氢系统的氢气输送到固态储氢系统中存储；当气态储氢系统内压力低于工作压力P0时，固态储氢系统中固态存储的氢气释放为气态氢气，启动氢气泵将氢气输送到气态储氢系统中，固态储氢系统中设置有加热装置控制氢气吸附、释放于固态储氢的物质中，固态储氢材料为镁基的化合物，具有纳米材料特性，比表面积大。
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点是：1、实现了氢气的制、储、用及运输一体化，提高了氢气的利用效率，降低了氢气制取和使用成本；2、将电解水制氢和光催化制氢统一到同一个设备中，提高制氢效率，减小制氢设备的占地面积；3、克服了氢气存储运输过程高压导致的危险性问题；4、制氢过程无污染。
附图说明
图1是本发明组成示意图；
图2是制氢装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1、图2所示，氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统包括制氢装置4、气态储氢系统6、固态储氢系统9、氢气发电系统，制氢装置4与气态储氢系统6相连，固态储氢系统9通过氢气泵5连接在气态储氢系统6上，制氢装置4包括透明材料制成的制氢槽4-1，制氢槽4-1中间放置有隔膜4-2，隔膜4-2两侧分别放置有阴极电极4-3、阳极电极4-4和出气管，隔膜4-2为阴离子交换膜，阴极电极4-3一侧为氢气出气管4-6，所述阳极电极4-4一侧为氧气出气管4-7，制氢装置4底部连接有入水管4-5，两侧入水管4-5连接有水桶2，阴极电极4-3、阳极电极4-4与太阳能光伏发电板1相连，隔膜4-2为聚砜基氢氧根离子交换膜，聚砜基氢氧根离子交换膜面对阴极电极4-5的一面涂布电催化剂和光催化剂，催化剂为低Pt的单原子纳米微球材料，阴极电极4-3和阳极电极4-4电极材料为带有耐腐蚀及导电涂层的不锈钢电极。制氢装置4周围设置有反光镜3，将阳光聚焦到制氢槽4-1上，氢气发电系统包括连接在气态储氢系统6上的氢燃料电池反应堆7，氢燃料电池反应堆7上连接有空气压缩机8、热水输出管道10和电缆11，固态储氢系统9为由货车和装在货车上的固态储氢设备组成，气态储氢系统6为带有压力传感器12的高压储罐，工作压力P0为50MPa。
使用时，太阳能光伏发电板1为制氢装置4提供电能，同时太阳光也照着制氢装置4，水桶2为制氢装置4提供纯水，使得制氢系统4开始制氢，氢气通过管道输送到气态储氢系统6，气态储氢系统6向氢燃料电池反应堆7输送所需氢气，空气压缩机8向氢燃料电池反应堆7提供氧气，进行反应发电，同时产生热水，直接通过热水输出管道10和电缆11向用户输送电能及热能。
当制氢装置4持续制氢，气态储氢系统6内压力大于60MPa时，氢气泵5接收启动信号，气态储氢系统6的氢气通过氢气泵5输送到固态储氢系统9中存储；当制氢装置4制氢效率低时，气态储氢系统6为氢燃料电池反应堆7输送氢气过多，气态储氢系统6内压力低于50MPa时，固态储氢系统9中的加热装置控制器接收信号，启动加热装置将固态存储的氢气释放为气态氢气，同时启动氢气泵5将氢气输送到气态储氢系统6中；当固态储氢系统9中固态储氢设备储氢空间不足时，固态储氢系统9直接通过货车运输到需要的地方去，并启动另一个固态储氢系统9继续储氢，实现氢气的安全储存和运输。

Claims (10)

1.一种氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，包括制氢装置(4)、气态储氢系统(6)、固态储氢系统(9)、氢气发电系统；所述制氢装置(4)与气态储氢系统(6)相连，所述固态储氢系统(9)通过氢气泵(5)连接在气态储氢系统(6)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述制氢装置(4)包括电解水制氢系统和光催化制氢系统。
3.根据权利要求2所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述制氢装置(4)上连接有水桶(2)和太阳能光伏发电板(1)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述制氢装置(4)包括透明材料制成的制氢槽(4-1)，所述制氢槽(4-1)中间放置有隔膜(4-2)，所述隔膜(4-2)两侧分别放置有阴极电极(4-3)、阳极电极(4-4)和出气管，所述阴极电极(4-3)一侧为氢气出气管(4-6)，所述阳极电极(4-4)一侧为氧气出气管(4-7)，所述制氢装置(4)底部连接有入水管(4-5)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述隔膜(4-2)为聚砜基氢氧根离子交换膜，所述聚砜基氢氧根离子交换膜面对阴极电极(4-5)的一面涂布电催化剂和光催化剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述阴极电极(4-3)和阳极电极(4-4)电极材料为带有耐腐蚀及导电涂层的不锈钢电极。
7.根据权利要求4所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述制氢装置(4)周围设置有反光镜(3)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述氢气发电系统包括连接在气态储氢系统(6)上的氢燃料电池反应堆(7)，所述氢燃料电池反应堆(7)上连接有空气压缩机(8)、热水输出管道(10)和电缆(11)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述固态储氢系统(9)为可流动作业的储能设备。
10.根据权利要求1所述的氢气制、储、用及运输一体系统，其特征在于，所述气态储氢系统(6)为带有压力传感器(12)的高压储罐，工作压力P0为30-70MPa，当气态储氢系统(6)内压力大于工作压力P0+10MPa时，气态储氢系统(6)的氢气输送到固态储氢系统(9)中存储；当气态储氢系统(6)内压力低于工作压力P0时，固态储氢系统(9)中固态存储的氢气释放为气态氢气，启动氢气泵(5)将氢气输送到气态储氢系统(6)中。
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