CN111411896A - A drill bit for petroleum geological exploration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of petroleum mechanical equipment, in particular to a drill bit for petroleum geological exploration, which is arranged on a drill rod of a petroleum drilling machine and comprises a positioning fixer, an elastic abutting device, a supporting cylinder, a wall expander, a cutter, a sampler and a threaded sleeve, wherein the positioning fixer and the elastic abutting device are sequentially and coaxially arranged in the drill rod along the axial direction from a drill rod installation part; the coaxial setting of screw sleeve is in elasticity butt ware one side, the coaxial screw sleeve is twisted and is connect on the location fixer and one end butt on elasticity butt ware, expand the wall ware and all establish on the periphery outside the supporting cylinder along the axial, the cutter is along the perpendicular equipartition of axial another terminal surface at the supporting cylinder, the coaxial setting of sampler is inside the supporting cylinder, sampler feeding work portion and cutter rotation portion meshing, sampler discharge end and screw sleeve intercommunication, this drill bit can be with the drilling rod stable connection, and can effectively expand the wall, take a sample.

Description

A drill bit for petroleum geological exploration

technical field

The invention relates to the field of petroleum machinery and equipment, in particular to a drill bit for petroleum geological exploration.

Background technique

Petroleum is the foundation of modern industrial society. From aircraft carriers to small cars and motorcycles, the starting of internal combustion engines is inseparable from fossil fuel oil. The by-products of petroleum processing, such as alkanes and olefins, have also greatly enriched people's lives. Materials, oil, are the blood of modern industry.

Chinese patent CN201820499064.4 discloses a petroleum geological exploration drill bit, which can be connected to the drill pipe of an oil drilling rig through the convex thread of the threaded barrel during installation, and the drilling rig drives the petroleum geological exploration drill bit to select and drill during use. Chipping discs can be selected to open holes in the ground. When the drilling disc is worn, the bolts can be loosened, the drilling disc is rotated in the installation groove, the unworn surface of the drilling disc is transferred to the outside of the installation groove, and then the bolts are tightened to fix the drilling disc, and the rotation is replaced with a new one. Continue drilling on the unworn surface.

The drill bit structure is too simple.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a drill bit for petroleum geological exploration, and the technical solution solves the problem of petroleum drilling.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A drill bit for petroleum geological exploration, which is installed on the drill pipe of an oil drilling rig, includes a positioning fixture, an elastic abutment, a support cylinder, a wall expander, a cutter, a sampler, a threaded sleeve, a positioning fixture and an elastic The abutting device is coaxially arranged inside the drill rod from the drill rod mounting part in the axial direction; the threaded sleeve is coaxially arranged on one side of the elastic abutting device, and the threaded sleeve is coaxially screwed on the positioning fixture and one end abuts on the elastic abutting device. On the elastic abutment, the wall expanders are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder along the axial direction, the cutters are vertically evenly distributed on the other end face of the support cylinder along the axial direction, the sampler is coaxially arranged inside the support cylinder, and the sampler enters the support cylinder. The working part of the material is engaged with the rotating part of the cutter, and the discharge end of the sampler is communicated with the threaded sleeve.

Preferably, the drill pipe includes a first fixing cylinder and a second fixing cylinder, the first fixing cylinder is coaxially arranged at one end of the second fixing cylinder, the positioning fixture and the elastic abutting device are coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder in turn, The positioning fixture is slidingly matched with the first fixing cylinder, and the elastic abutting device is elastically matched with one end of the second fixing cylinder; the outer circumferential surface of the other end of the first fixing cylinder is evenly distributed with fixing ears along the axial direction, and the first fixing cylinder passes through the fixing ears. And the fastening screw is coaxially fixedly connected with the support cylinder.

Preferably, sliding grooves are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fixing ear in the circumferential direction; the positioning fixture includes a screw nut, a first slider and a first spring, and the first slider is axially arranged on the outer circumference of the screw nut, and the screw The rod nut is coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder, the first sliding block is slidably matched with the sliding groove, the first spring is coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder, and both ends of the first spring are respectively abutted on the side of the first fixing cylinder and one end of the first slider, the other end of the first slider abuts on one end of the elastic abutment under the action of the first spring, and in the working state, the threaded sleeve and the screw nut are coaxially screwed and one end abuts on the elastic abutment. on the elastic abutment.

Preferably, first guide grooves are evenly distributed inside the second fixed cylinder along the axis; the elastic abutment includes a guide ring, a fixed ring, a second slider, a pin, a second spring and a fixed guide sleeve, and the guide ring is coaxial It is arranged at one end of the fixing ring, the guide ring and the fixing ring are coaxially slidably arranged inside the first fixing cylinder, the inner ring at one end of the guide ring facing the positioning fixer is provided with a chamfer, and one end of the fixing guide sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixing ring , the fixed guide sleeve is inserted inside the support cylinder, the second sliders are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed ring in the axial direction, the pin is vertically arranged on the other end of the fixed ring, and the cap end of the pin is coaxially slidably matched with the second fixed cylinder , the second spring is coaxially arranged inside the first guide groove, the two ends of the second spring abut on the cap end of the pin and one end inside the first guide groove respectively, and the cap end of the pin abuts on the first guide groove under the action of elastic force The other end inside the guide groove, the threaded sleeve abuts on one end of the fixing ring in the working state, and the cap end of the pin is separated from one end inside the first guide groove under the action of elastic force.

Preferably, guide posts are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder in the axial direction, guide posts are provided at equal intervals in the radial direction at the bottom end of the groove, and first stop blocks are also provided on both sides of the top end of the groove; The wall device includes a trapezoidal slide block, a third spring and a round rivet. The bottom end of the trapezoidal slide block is provided with second guide grooves at equal intervals in the radial direction, and second stop blocks are also provided on both sides of the bottom end of the trapezoidal slide block. , the second stopper is set inside the groove by the sliding restriction of the second stopper, the second guide groove is slidingly matched with the guide column, the third spring is coaxially sleeved on the second guide groove, and the two ends of the third spring are respectively Abutting on the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider and the inner bottom end of the groove, the top end of the second stop block abuts against the bottom end of the first stop block, and the round rivet is arranged on the top surface of the trapezoidal slider.

Preferably, the outer circumference of one end of the support cylinder is also coaxially provided with a threaded ring.

Preferably, the cutter includes a tooth palm, a cutting wheel, a self-locking fixing seat and a fixing screw, the tooth palm is vertically arranged at one end of the support cylinder along the axial direction, the self-locking fixing seat is fixed on the tooth palm by a fixing screw, and the cutting wheel The coaxial rotation is arranged on the inner side of the self-locking fixed seat.

Preferably, threaded strips are arranged at equal intervals on the outside of the tooth palm.

Preferably, protruding strips are evenly distributed at the outer end of the inner fixing hole of the tooth palm along the axial direction; the self-locking fixing seat includes a rotating sleeve and a first limiting ring, and the first limiting ring is coaxially arranged at one end of the rotating sleeve, The outer end of the fixing hole of the first limit ring located on the inner side is evenly distributed with grooves fitted with the protruding strips along the axial direction, and the grooves and the protruding strips are fitted and fixed on the tooth palm through fixing screws.

Preferably, the sampler includes a fixed sleeve, a second limit ring, a bearing, a hollow rotator, a fixed sleeve, a rotating roller and a one-way thread piece, the fixed sleeve is coaxially fixed on the cutting end of the support cylinder, and the fixed sleeve is coaxial Set on one end of the fixed sleeve, the outer ring of the bearing is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the tooth palm, the hollow rotator is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and one end of the hollow rotator facing the cutter is provided with driving teeth, and the driving teeth are engaged with the cutting wheel. , the fixed sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with the other end of the hollow rotor, and the fixed sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the support cylinder are coaxially rolled and connected. The hollow rotator and the fixing sleeve are coaxially and fixedly connected.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

When working, the staff needs to coaxially and fixedly connect the support cylinder and the drill pipe, so that the threaded sleeve is coaxially inserted into the drill pipe, and the drill pipe is rotated so that the threaded sleeve is coaxially screwed into the positioning fixture. When it collides with the end face of the drill pipe, the threaded sleeve abuts on the elastic abutment coaxially, and the elastic force of the elastic abutment makes the threaded sleeve fasten and stably inside the drill pipe, thereby preventing it from falling off the drill pipe; During the exploration process, the drill bit is in contact with the rock, thereby breaking the rock through cutting, punching, etc., but as the depth of the drill bit increases, the upper end of the well wall cannot be effectively expanded, which easily affects the entry and normal operation of the follow-up mechanism. Therefore, A special wall-expanding bit is required, which makes the whole drilling process complicated and cumbersome and the exploration efficiency is low. The wall-expander can enable the front-end cutter after drilling, and the rear-end wall expander to expand the well wall. When the wall expander is too hard to effectively expand the wall, the pressure generated by the well wall on the wall expander can make the wall expander retract into the support cylinder under the elastic action, so as to protect itself and improve the expansion on the basis of effective wall expansion. The service life of the wall device; in the existing technical field of oil exploration, there is no exploration drill bit that can simultaneously drill holes and return soil samples during drilling, and the sampler is coaxially arranged inside the support cylinder, and the sampler feeds The working part is engaged with the rotating part of the cutter, and the discharge end of the sampler is connected to the threaded sleeve, so that when the cutter rotates in the forward direction, the sampler rotates in the reverse direction without taking the material, which can prevent the sample from entering the threaded sleeve and the cutter rotates in the reverse direction. When , the sampler rotates forward to take the material, so that the sample enters the threaded sleeve through the feeding end of the sampler, so that when the drill bit returns, the sample is taken out.

The drill bit can be stably connected with the drill pipe, and can effectively expand the wall and take samples.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view one of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the side view two of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the A-A direction of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the B-B direction sectional view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at C of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view at D of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view at E of Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is the self-locking fixed seat of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of F in FIG. 5 .

The symbols in the figure are:

1. Drill pipe; 1a, the first fixed cylinder; 1a1, the fixed ear; 1a2, the sliding groove; 1b, the second fixed cylinder; 1b1, the first guide groove;

2. Positioning fixer; 2a, screw nut; 2b, first slider; 2c, first spring;

3, elastic abutment; 3a, guide ring; 3a1, chamfer; 3b, fixed ring; 3c, second slider; 3d, pin; 3e, second spring; 3f, fixed guide sleeve;

4. Support cylinder; 4a, groove; 4a1, guide column; 4a2, first stopper; 4b, threaded ring;

5. Wall expander; 5a, trapezoidal slider; 5a1, second guide groove; 5a2, second stopper; 5b, third spring; 5c, round rivet;

6. Cutter; 6a, tooth palm; 6a1, threaded strip; 6a2, convex strip; 6b, cutting wheel; 6c, self-locking fixed seat; 6c1, rotating sleeve; 6c2, first limit ring; 6d, fixed screw;

7. Sampler; 7a, fixed sleeve; 7b, second limit ring; 7c, bearing; 7d, hollow rotor; 7d1, drive tooth; 7e, fixed sleeve; 7f, roller; 7g, one-way thread piece ;

8. Threaded sleeve.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have The particular orientation, construction and operation in the particular orientation are therefore not to be construed as limitations of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

Referring to a drill bit for petroleum geological exploration shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, a drill bit for petroleum geological exploration is installed on a drill pipe 1 of an oil drilling rig, and includes a positioning fixture 2, an elastic abutment 3, a support cylinder 4. The wall expander 5, the cutter 6, the sampler 7 and the threaded sleeve 8, the positioning fixture 2 and the elastic abutment 3 are arranged coaxially inside the drill pipe 1 from the installation part of the drill pipe 1 in the axial direction; the threaded sleeve The barrel 8 is coaxially arranged on one side of the elastic abutting device 3, the threaded sleeve 8 is coaxially screwed on the positioning fixture 2 and one end abuts on the elastic abutting device 3, and the wall expander 5 is axially arranged on the elastic abutting device 3. On the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder 4, the cutters 6 are vertically and evenly distributed on the other end face of the support cylinder 4 in the axial direction, and the sampler 7 is coaxially arranged inside the support cylinder 4. The feeding working part of the sampler 7 and the rotating part of the cutter 6 When engaged, the discharge end of the sampler 7 communicates with the threaded sleeve 8 .

When working, the staff needs to connect the support cylinder 4 and the drill rod 1 coaxially and fixedly, so that the threaded sleeve 8 is coaxially inserted into the drill rod 1, and the drill rod 1 is rotated so that the threaded sleeve 8 is coaxially screwed in the positioning and fixed position. In the device 2, when the support cylinder 4 is in contact with the end face of the drill pipe 1, the threaded sleeve 8 abuts on the elastic abutment device 3 coaxially, and the elastic force of the elastic abutment device 3 makes the threaded sleeve 8 fast and stable. Inside the drill pipe 1, so as to prevent it from falling off the drill pipe 1;

During the exploration process, the drill bit is in contact with the rock, thereby breaking the rock through cutting, punching, etc., but as the depth of the drill bit increases, the upper end of the well wall cannot be effectively expanded, which easily affects the entry and normal operation of the subsequent mechanism. Therefore, a special wall-expanding bit is required, which makes the whole drilling process complicated and cumbersome, and the exploration efficiency is low. The wall-expander 5 enables the front-end cutter 6 to drill, and the rear-end wall-expander 5 to expand the well wall after drilling. , and when the rock formation is so hard that the wall expander 5 cannot effectively expand the wall, the pressure generated by the well wall on the wall expander 5 can cause the wall expander 5 to retract into the support cylinder 4 under the elastic action, so as to protect itself. Improve the service life of the wall expander 5 on the basis of effective wall expansion;

In the existing technical field of petroleum exploration, there is no exploration drill bit capable of drilling holes and returning soil for sampling at the same time during drilling, and the sampler 7 is coaxially arranged inside the support cylinder 4, and the feeding part of the sampler 7 is connected to the The rotating part of the cutter 6 is engaged, and the discharge end of the sampler 7 is communicated with the threaded sleeve 8, so that when the cutter 6 rotates in the forward direction, the sampler 7 rotates in the reverse direction and does not take the material, which can prevent the sample from entering the threaded sleeve 8. 6 When reversely rotating, the sampler 7 rotates forward to take out the material, so that the sample enters the threaded sleeve 8 through the feed end of the sampler 7, so that the sample is taken out when the drill bit returns.

The drill rod 1 includes a first fixing cylinder 1a and a second fixing cylinder 1b, the first fixing cylinder 1a is coaxially arranged at one end of the second fixing cylinder 1b, and the positioning fixture 2 and the elastic abutting device 3 are coaxially arranged in the first Inside the fixing cylinder 1a, the positioning fixture 2 is slidingly matched with the first fixing cylinder 1a, and the elastic abutting device 3 is elastically fitting with one end of the second fixing cylinder 1b; The fixing lugs 1a1 and the first fixing cylinder 1a are coaxially and fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder 4 through the fixing lugs 1a1 and fastening screws.

The first fixing cylinder 1a is coaxially arranged at one end of the second fixing cylinder 1b, and the positioning fixture 2 and the elastic abutting device 3 are arranged coaxially inside the first fixing cylinder 1a in turn, and the positioning fixture 2 is coaxial with the first fixing cylinder 1a. Sliding fit, the elastic abutting device 3 is elastically matched with one end of the second fixing cylinder 1b; the outer circumferential surface of the other end of the first fixing cylinder 1a is uniformly distributed with fixing ears 1a1 along the axial direction, and the first fixing cylinder 1a passes through the fixing ears 1a1 and the tightening lugs 1a1. The fixing screw is coaxially and fixedly connected with the supporting cylinder 4, and the first fixing cylinder 1a can be fixedly connected with the supporting cylinder 4 through the fixing lugs 1a1, thereby preventing the drill rod 1 and the drill bit from being separated during the drilling process. The fixing cylinder 1b is used to install the positioning fixture 2 and the elastic abutting device 3 .

The inner wall of the fixing ear 1a1 is uniformly distributed with sliding grooves 1a2 in the circumferential direction; the positioning fixture 2 includes a screw nut 2a, a first sliding block 2b and a first spring 2c, and the first sliding block 2b is axially arranged outside the screw nut 2a On the circumferential surface, the screw nut 2a is coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder 1a, the first sliding block 2b is slidably fitted with the sliding groove 1a2, the first spring 2c is coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder 1a, the first spring The two ends of 2c abut on the side end of the first fixed cylinder 1a and the end of the first slider 2b respectively. The other end of the first slider 2b abuts on one end of the elastic abutment device 3 under the elastic force of the first spring 2c. In the working state , the threaded sleeve 8 is screwed coaxially with the screw nut 2a and one end abuts on the elastic abutment device 3 .

Sliding grooves 1a2 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the fixing ear 1a1 in the circumferential direction, and the first slider 2b is axially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the screw nut 2a, and the screw nut 2a is coaxially slidably arranged inside the first fixing cylinder 1a, The first sliding block 2b is slidably matched with the sliding groove 1a2, the first spring 2c is coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder 1a, and the two ends of the first spring 2c abut on the side end of the first fixing cylinder 1a and the first sliding block 2b respectively At one end, the first slider 2b abuts on one end of the elastic abutment 3 under the elastic force of the first spring 2c, and the threaded sleeve 8 rotates inside the screw nut 2a by rotating the threaded sleeve 8 inside the drill rod 1 , so that the screw nut 2a moves in the direction of the drill bit under the restriction of the first slider 2b. When the end face of the first fixing cylinder 1a abuts on the end face of the support cylinder 4, one end of the threaded sleeve 8 abuts on the elastic abutment 3 so that the structure is more stable through the first spring 2c and the elastic abutment 3, thereby reducing the vibration generated during the exploration.

First guide grooves 1b1 are evenly distributed inside the second fixing cylinder 1b along the axis; the elastic abutment 3 includes a guide ring 3a, a fixing ring 3b, a second slider 3c, a pin 3d, a second spring 3e and a fixed guide sleeve 3f, the guide ring 3a is coaxially arranged at one end of the fixed ring 3b, the guide ring 3a and the fixed ring 3b are coaxially slidably arranged inside the first fixed cylinder 1a, and the inner ring of the guide ring 3a is provided with a chamfer 3a1 toward one end of the positioning fixture 2. One end of the fixed guide sleeve 3f is coaxially and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring 3b, the fixed guide sleeve 3f is inserted into the support cylinder 4, and the second sliders 3c are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the fixed ring 3b in the axial direction. 3d is vertically arranged on the other end of the fixing ring 3b, the cap end of the pin 3d is coaxially slidably fitted with the second fixing cylinder 1b, the second spring 3e is arranged coaxially inside the first guide groove 1b1, and both ends of the second spring 3e are arranged coaxially. Abutting on the cap end of the pin 3d and one end inside the first guide groove 1b1 respectively, the cap end of the pin 3d abuts on the other end inside the first guide groove 1b1 under the action of elastic force, and the threaded sleeve 8 abuts on the fixing ring 3b in the working state At one end, the cap end of the pin 3d is separated from the inner end of the first guide groove 1b1 under the action of the elastic force.

First guide grooves 1b1 are evenly distributed inside the second fixing cylinder 1b along the axis, and the guide ring 3a and the fixing ring 3b are coaxially slidably arranged inside the first fixing cylinder 1a, and the guide ring 3a faces the inner ring of one end of the positioning fixture 2 A chamfer 3a1 is provided, one end of the fixed guide sleeve 3f is coaxially and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixed ring 3b, the fixed guide sleeve 3f is inserted into the support cylinder 4, and the second sliders 3c are evenly distributed outside the fixed ring 3b in the axial direction. On the circumferential surface, the pin 3d is vertically arranged at the other end of the fixing ring 3b, the cap end of the pin 3d is coaxially slidably fitted with the second fixing cylinder 1b, the second spring 3e is arranged coaxially inside the first guide groove 1b1, The two ends of the two springs 3e abut on the cap end of the pin 3d and the inner end of the first guide groove 1b1 respectively, the cap end of the pin 3d abuts on the other end of the first guide groove 1b1 under the action of the elastic force, and the threaded sleeve 8 abuts against the inner end of the first guide groove 1b1 under the action of the elastic force. Connected to one end of the fixing ring 3b, the cap end of the pin 3d is separated from the inner end of the first guide groove 1b1 under the action of the elastic force, and the threaded sleeve 8 is coaxially screwed inside the 0, so that one end of the threaded sleeve 8 abuts on the fixing ring 3b , so that the threaded sleeve 8 communicates with the fixed guide sleeve 3f, so as to facilitate the transport of the sample, and the second spring 3e makes the pin 3d abut in the first guide groove 1b1, so that the threaded sleeve 8 can be in the elastic force of the second spring 3e Under the action, it abuts on the fixed ring 3b, and the chamfer 3a1 facilitates that the threaded sleeve 8 can be inserted into the guide ring 3a.

Guide columns 4a1 are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder 4 along the axial direction, the inner bottom end of the groove 4a is provided with guide columns 4a1 at equal intervals in the radial direction, and first stop blocks are also provided on both sides of the inner top of the groove 4a 4a2; the wall expander 5 includes a trapezoidal slider 5a, a third spring 5b and a round rivet 5c, and the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider 5a is provided with second guide grooves 5a1 at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider 5a is provided with a second guide groove 5a1. There are also second stop blocks 5a2 on both sides. The second stop blocks 5a2 are set inside the grooves 4a through the sliding restrictions of the second stop blocks 5a2. The second guide grooves 5a1 are slidingly matched with the guide posts 4a1. Coaxially sleeved on the second guide groove 5a1, both ends of the third spring 5b abut on the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider 5a and the inner bottom end of the groove 4a, respectively, the top end of the second stopper 5a2 and the first stopper The bottom ends of 4a2 are in contact with each other, and the round rivet 5c is provided on the top end surface of the trapezoidal slider 5a.

Guide posts 4a1 are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder 4 along the axial direction, while the inner bottom end of the groove 4a is provided with guide posts 4a1 at equal intervals in the radial direction, and first stoppers are also provided on both sides of the inner top of the groove 4a. The moving block 4a2, the bottom end of the trapezoidal sliding block 5a is provided with second guide grooves 5a1 at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the two sides of the bottom end of the trapezoidal sliding block 5a are also provided with a second stopper block 5a2, and the second stopper block 5a2 passes through The second stopper block 5a2 is disposed inside the groove 4a for sliding restriction, the second guide groove 5a1 is slidingly matched with the guide column 4a1, the third spring 5b is coaxially sleeved on the second guide groove 5a1, and the two ends of the third spring 5b are respectively Abutting on the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider 5a and the inner bottom end of the groove 4a, the top end of the second stopper 5a2 is in contact with the bottom end of the first stopper 4a2, and the round rivet 5c is arranged on the top surface of the trapezoidal slider 5a, The trapezoidal slider 5a abuts on the well wall under the elastic force of the third spring 5b, so that the wall is expanded by the round rivet 5c, and the groove 4a and the second guide groove 5a1 are used for guiding the trapezoidal slider 5a, so that the When encountering a strong well wall, the trapezoidal slider 5a is retracted into the groove 4a under the elastic force of the third spring 5b, so as to prevent the well wall from damaging the wall expander 5, the first stopper 4a2 and the second stopper The block 5a2 is used to prevent the wall expander 5 from disengaging from the groove 4a.

The outer circumference of one end of the support cylinder 4 is also coaxially provided with a threaded ring 4b.

A threaded ring 4b is also coaxially disposed on the outer circumference of one end of the support cylinder 4, and the threaded ring 4b is convenient for the drill bit to explore drilling holes.

The cutter 6 includes a tooth palm 6a, a cutting wheel 6b, a self-locking fixing seat 6c and a fixing screw 6d. The tooth palm 6a is vertically arranged at one end of the support cylinder 4 along the axial direction, and the self-locking fixing seat 6c is fixed by the fixing screw 6d. On the tooth palm 6a, the cutting wheel 6b is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the self-locking fixed seat 6c.

The tooth palm 6a is vertically arranged on one end of the support cylinder 4 along the axial direction, and the self-locking fixing seat 6c is fixedly arranged on the tooth palm 6a by the fixing screw 6d, and the cutting wheel 6b is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the self-locking fixing seat 6c, Therefore, the cutter 6 is rotated by the rotating drill rod 1, so that the tooth palm 6a rotates at a high speed, and the self-locking fixed seat 6c rotates on the cutting wheel 6b, so that the drilling rate is higher.

The outer side of the tooth palm 6a is provided with threaded strips 6a1 at equal intervals.

The outer side of the tooth palm 6a is provided with threaded strips 6a1 at equal intervals, and the threaded strips 6a1 are helpful for high-speed drilling of the tooth palm 6a.

The outer end of the inner fixing hole of the tooth palm 6a is evenly distributed with protruding strips 6a2 in the axial direction; the self-locking fixing seat 6c includes a rotating sleeve 6c1 and a first limiting ring 6c2, and the first limiting ring 6c2 is coaxially arranged on the rotating sleeve One end of the cylinder 6c1, the outer end of the fixing hole of the first limiting ring 6c2 located on the inner side is evenly distributed with grooves for fitting with the protruding strips 6a2 in the axial direction, and the grooves and the protruding strips 6a2 are fitted and fixed on the tooth palm 6a by fixing screws 6d. superior.

The outer end of the inner fixing hole of the tooth palm 6a is evenly distributed with protruding strips 6a2 along the axial direction, and the first limiting ring 6c2 is coaxially arranged at one end of the rotating sleeve 6c1, and the first limiting ring 6c2 located on the inner side is along the outer end of the fixing hole. The grooves are evenly distributed with the protruding strips 6a2 in the axial direction, and the grooves and the protruding strips 6a2 are fitted and fixed on the tooth palm 6a by the fixing screws 6d, so that when the first limiting ring 6c2 is fixedly arranged on the 6as0, the protruding The strip 6a2 is fitted in the groove, so that when the cutting wheel 6b is rotated, the self-locking fixing seat 6c can be locked without being affected by the rotation, and the cutting wheel 6b can be easily replaced.

The sampler 7 includes a fixed sleeve 7a, a second limit ring 7b, a bearing 7c, a hollow rotator 7d, a fixed sleeve 7e, a rotating roller 7f and a one-way thread piece 7g, and the fixed sleeve 7a is coaxially fixed on the support cylinder 4. At the cutting end, the fixed sleeve 7a is coaxially arranged at one end of the fixed sleeve 7a, the outer ring of the bearing 7c is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the tooth palm 6a, the hollow rotator 7d is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 7c, and the hollow rotator 7d faces One end of the cutter 6 is provided with a driving tooth 7d1, the driving tooth 7d1 is engaged with the cutting wheel 6b, the fixed sleeve 7e is coaxially and fixedly connected to the other end of the hollow rotor 7d, and the fixed sleeve 7e is coaxially and rollingly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the support cylinder 4. The one-way thread piece 7g is coaxially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating roller 7f, and the outer ring of the one-way thread piece 7g is coaxially and fixedly connected with the hollow rotator 7d and the fixing sleeve 7e.

The fixing sleeve 7a is coaxially fixed on the cutting end of the support cylinder 4, and the fixing sleeve 7a is coaxially arranged at one end of the fixing sleeve 7a, and the outer ring of the bearing 7c is coaxially fixedly connected with the inner circumferential surface of the tooth palm 6a, and the hollow rotator 7d is connected to the bearing. The inner ring of 7c is coaxially and fixedly connected, one end of the hollow rotator 7d facing the cutter 6 is provided with a driving tooth 7d1, and the driving tooth 7d1 is engaged with the cutting wheel 6b. The cylinder 7e and the inner circumferential surface of the support cylinder 4 are coaxially rolled and connected. The one-way thread piece 7g is coaxially arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating roller 7f, and the outer ring of the one-way thread piece 7g is coaxially fixed with the hollow rotor 7d and the fixed sleeve 7e. Connection, when the cutting wheel 6b rotates on the tooth palm 6a, the hollow rotator 7d rotates under the action of the bearing 7c, so that the rotating roller 7f rotates, when the drill rod 1 rotates forwardly to drill, due to the meshing effect, the one-way The threaded piece 7g rotates in the reverse direction, so that the soil sample will not be sent to the inside of the threaded sleeve 8 by the unidirectional threaded piece 7g; when the positioning fixture 2 rotates in the reverse direction, the unidirectional threaded piece 7g rotates forward, so that the unidirectional threaded piece The 7g rotation causes the soil sample to be sent inside the threaded sleeve 8 .

The working principle of the present invention:

When working, the staff needs to connect the support cylinder 4 and the drill rod 1 coaxially and fixedly, so that the threaded sleeve 8 is coaxially inserted into the drill rod 1, and the drill rod 1 is rotated so that the threaded sleeve 8 is coaxially screwed in the positioning and fixed position. In the device 2, when the support cylinder 4 is in contact with the end face of the drill pipe 1, the threaded sleeve 8 abuts on the elastic abutment device 3 coaxially, and the elastic force of the elastic abutment device 3 makes the threaded sleeve 8 fast and stable. Inside the drill pipe 1, so as to prevent it from falling off the drill pipe 1; during the exploration process, the drill bit is in contact with the rock, so as to break the rock through cutting, punching, etc., but as the depth of the drill bit increases, the upper end of the well wall is not effective. The expansion of the drill bit can easily affect the entry and normal operation of the follow-up mechanism, so a special wall-expanding bit is required, which makes the whole drilling process complicated and cumbersome, and the exploration efficiency is low. Afterwards, the back-end wall expander 5 can expand the wall of the well, and when the rock formation is so hard that the wall expander 5 cannot effectively expand the wall, the pressure generated by the well wall on the wall expander 5 can make the wall expander 5 act elastically. It retracts down into the support cylinder 4, so as to protect itself and improve the service life of the wall expander 5 on the basis of effective wall expansion. , the exploration drill bit for soil sampling, and the sampler 7 is coaxially arranged inside the support cylinder 4, the feeding working part of the sampler 7 is engaged with the rotating part of the cutter 6, and the discharge end of the sampler 7 is communicated with the threaded sleeve 8, so that When the cutter 6 rotates in the forward direction, the sampler 7 rotates in the reverse direction and does not take the material, which can prevent the sample from entering the threaded sleeve 8. When the cutter 6 rotates in the reverse direction, the sampler 7 rotates in the forward direction to take the material, so that the sample passes through the sampler. 7 The feed end enters the inside of the threaded sleeve 8 so that the sample is brought out when the drill bit returns.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A drill bit for petroleum geological exploration is installed on the drill pipe (1) of an oil drilling rig, characterized in that it includes a positioning fixture (2), an elastic abutment (3), a support cylinder (4), a The wall device (5), the cutter (6), the sampler (7) and the threaded sleeve (8), the positioning fixture (2) and the elastic abutment (3) are axially from the mounting part of the drill pipe (1) The inside of the drill pipe (1) is coaxially arranged in sequence; the threaded sleeve (8) is coaxially arranged on one side of the elastic abutment device (3), and the threaded sleeve (8) is coaxially screwed on the positioning fixture (2) and One end abuts on the elastic abutment (3), the wall expanders (5) are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder (4) along the axial direction, and the cutters (6) are vertically and evenly distributed on the support cylinder (4) along the axial direction. 4) On the other end face, the sampler (7) is coaxially arranged inside the support cylinder (4), the feeding part of the sampler (7) is engaged with the rotating part of the cutter (6), and the discharge end of the sampler (7) The threaded sleeve (8) is communicated. 2. A kind of drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that the drill pipe (1) comprises a first fixed cylinder (1a) and a second fixed cylinder (1b), and the first fixed cylinder (1a) ) is coaxially arranged at one end of the second fixing cylinder (1b), the positioning holder (2) and the elastic abutment (3) are coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder (1a) in turn, and the positioning holder (2) is connected to the first fixing cylinder (1a). A fixing cylinder (1a) is slidably fitted, and the elastic abutment device (3) is elastically fitted with one end of the second fixing cylinder (1b); fixing ears ( 1a1), the first fixing cylinder (1a) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the supporting cylinder (4) through fixing ears (1a1) and fastening screws. 3. A kind of drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the inner wall of the fixing ear (1a1) is uniformly distributed with sliding grooves (1a2) in the circumferential direction; the positioning fixture (2) comprises a screw rod The nut (2a), the first slider (2b) and the first spring (2c), the first slider (2b) is axially arranged on the outer circumference of the screw nut (2a), the screw nut (2a) is the same as The shaft is slidably arranged inside the first fixing cylinder (1a), the first sliding block (2b) is slidably matched with the sliding groove (1a2), the first spring (2c) is coaxially arranged inside the first fixing cylinder (1a), the first Both ends of the spring (2c) are in contact with the side end of the first fixing cylinder (1a) and the end of the first slider (2b) respectively, and the other end of the first slider (2b) is in contact with the elastic force of the first spring (2c). At one end of the elastic abutting device (3), in the working state, the threaded sleeve (8) is coaxially screwed with the screw nut (2a) and one end abuts on the elastic abutting device (3). 4. A kind of drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, first guide grooves (1b1) are evenly distributed in the second fixed cylinder (1b) along the axis; ) includes a guide ring (3a), a fixed ring (3b), a second slider (3c), a pin (3d), a second spring (3e) and a fixed guide sleeve (3f), and the guide ring (3a) is coaxial It is arranged at one end of the fixing ring (3b), the guide ring (3a) and the fixing ring (3b) are coaxially slidably arranged inside the first fixing cylinder (1a), and the guide ring (3a) faces the inner ring at one end of the positioning fixture (2). A chamfer (3a1) is provided, one end of the fixed guide sleeve (3f) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring (3b), the fixed guide sleeve (3f) is inserted into the support cylinder (4), and the second slider ( 3c) are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the fixing ring (3b) in the axial direction, the pin (3d) is vertically arranged on the other end of the fixing ring (3b), and the cap end of the pin (3d) slides coaxially with the second fixing cylinder (1b). In cooperation, the second spring (3e) is coaxially arranged inside the first guide groove (1b1), and the two ends of the second spring (3e) abut on the cap end of the pin (3d) and the first guide groove (1b1) respectively ) inside one end, the cap end of the pin (3d) abuts against the other end inside the first guide groove (1b1) under the action of the elastic force, and the threaded sleeve (8) abuts one end of the fixing ring (3b) in the working state, the pin (3d) ) Under the action of the elastic force, the cap end is separated from the inner end of the first guide groove (1b1). 5. A kind of drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, guide columns (4a1) are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the support cylinder (4) along the axial direction, and the inner bottom of the groove (4a) is uniformly distributed along the axial direction. The ends are provided with guide posts (4a1) at equal intervals in the radial direction, and first stop blocks (4a2) are also provided on both sides of the inner top of the groove (4a); the wall expander (5) includes a trapezoidal slider (5a) , the third spring (5b) and the round rivet (5c), the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider (5a) is provided with second guide grooves (5a1) at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the two sides of the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider (5a) are also A second stopper (5a2) is provided, and the second stopper (5a2) is set inside the groove (4a) through the sliding restriction of the second stopper (5a2), and the second guide groove (5a1) is connected to the guide post ( 4a1) Sliding fit, the third spring (5b) is coaxially sleeved on the second guide groove (5a1), and both ends of the third spring (5b) abut on the bottom end of the trapezoidal slider (5a) and the groove ( 4a) At the inner bottom end, the top end of the second stopper block (5a2) abuts against the bottom end of the first stopper block (4a2), and the round rivet (5c) is arranged on the top end surface of the trapezoidal slider (5a). 6 . The drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1 , wherein a threaded ring ( 4 b ) is coaxially arranged on the outer circumference of one end of the support cylinder ( 4 ). 7 . 7. A kind of drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cutter (6) comprises a tooth palm (6a), a cutting wheel (6b), a self-locking fixed seat (6c) and a fixed The screw (6d), the tooth palm (6a) is vertically arranged on one end of the support cylinder (4) along the axial direction, the self-locking fixing seat (6c) is fixed on the tooth palm (6a) by the fixing screw (6d), and the cutting wheel ( 6b) The coaxial rotation is arranged on the inner side of the self-locking fixed seat (6c). 8 . The drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 7 , wherein threaded strips ( 6a1 ) are arranged at equal intervals on the outside of the tooth palm ( 6 a ). 9 . 9. A kind of drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer end of the inner fixing hole of the tooth palm (6a) is uniformly distributed with convex strips (6a2) along the axial direction; the self-locking fixing seat (6c) ) includes a rotating sleeve (6c1) and a first limiting ring (6c2), the first limiting ring (6c2) is coaxially arranged at one end of the rotating sleeve (6c1), and the first limiting ring (6c2) on the inner side The outer end of the fixing hole is evenly distributed with grooves fitted with the protruding strips (6a2) along the axial direction, and the grooves and the protruding strips (6a2) are fitted and fixed on the tooth palm (6a) by fixing screws (6d). 10. A drill bit for petroleum geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that the sampler (7) comprises a fixed sleeve (7a), a second limiting ring (7b), a bearing (7c), a hollow rotating The device (7d), the fixing sleeve (7e), the rotating roller (7f) and the one-way thread piece (7g), the fixing sleeve (7a) is coaxially fixed on the cutting end of the The shaft is arranged at one end of the fixed sleeve (7a), the outer ring of the bearing (7c) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the tooth palm (6a), and the hollow rotator (7d) is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing (7c), and the hollow rotating The end of the cutter (7d) facing the cutter (6) is provided with a driving tooth (7d1), the driving tooth (7d1) is engaged with the cutting wheel (6b), and the fixing sleeve (7e) is coaxially fixed with the other end of the hollow rotor (7d). For connection, the fixed sleeve (7e) and the inner circumferential surface of the support cylinder (4) are coaxially rolled and connected. The ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the hollow rotator (7d) and the fixing sleeve (7e).

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