CN111411519A - Early-warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Early-warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an early warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric and a preparation method thereof. The adopted layer-by-layer self-assembly technology effectively avoids the problem of spinnability reduction caused by poor compatibility, high addition amount, easy agglomeration and the like in the melt blending flame-retardant modification, and the obtained polylactic acid fabric has excellent flame-retardant property and service property and an early warning function, can meet the actual use requirement and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of functional fabrics and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to an early-warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polylactic acid is a typical aliphatic bio-based polyester material, has the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, controllable degradation rate, outstanding melt processing performance and the like, is widely applied to the fields of biological medicine, packaging materials, clothing home textiles and the like, and is one of the bio-based degradable materials with the greatest market prospect so far. However, due to the chemical structure and the element composition of polylactic acid, the polylactic acid has the defect of easy combustion (the limited oxygen index is about 20.5, and the vertical combustion grade is NR) as common high molecular materials, and the application of the polylactic acid in fields with higher flame retardant requirements is limited, so that the polylactic acid is necessary and urgent for flame retardant modification. At present, polylactic acid modification mainly adopts a melt blending method, and end products of the polylactic acid modification mainly comprise plastic products, and rarely relate to the fields of flame-retardant fibers and textiles. The blending flame-retardant modification has the problems of low flame-retardant efficiency, large flame retardant addition amount, easy agglomeration and the like, so that the spinnability of the composite resin is greatly reduced, and the obtained flame-retardant polylactic acid fiber has low performance and cannot meet the actual use requirement. In addition, the existing flame-retardant polylactic acid composite material generally only has single flame-retardant performance, and early warning cannot be carried out in the early stage of fire. The conventional fire smoke alarm only plays a role in early warning after smoke with a certain concentration is generated by burning materials, and early warning cannot be performed before the materials are abnormal in temperature and fire occurs, so that disastrous loss is caused by fire. Therefore, it is still a challenge to design and construct a flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric with good flame-retardant performance and service performance and early warning function.
CN110257949A discloses flame-retardant antistatic polyester and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flame-retardant antistatic polyester is prepared by taking carbon black of a nano carbon material, a carbon tube and graphene as functional materials through a chemical copolymerization and melt spinning forming technology, and the technology has the defects of complex preparation process, poor flame-retardant effect, single function and the like. Aiming at the problems, the invention takes the electropositive carbon tube flame-retardant impregnation liquid and the electronegative graphene oxide impregnation liquid as flame-retardant coatings, and adopts a layer-by-layer self-assembly technology which is easy to industrialize to modify the polylactic acid fabric, so as to finally obtain the polylactic acid fabric with excellent flame-retardant performance and early warning function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor performance, single function and the like of the existing flame-retardant polylactic acid material and provide an early-warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric with excellent performance and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, based on the electrostatic adsorption effect, the polylactic acid fabric is subjected to layer-by-layer self-assembly flame-retardant modification by adopting the electropositive one-dimensional carbon nano tube and the electronegative two-dimensional graphene flame-retardant impregnation liquid, and the finally obtained polylactic acid fabric has excellent flame-retardant and early warning functions.
According to the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric, the surface of the fabric is sequentially loaded with the carbon nanotube layer containing the flame retardant and the graphene oxide layer containing the flame retardant at intervals.
The flame retardant in the flame retardant-containing carbon nanotube layer is polyhydroxy carbon-rich flame retardant, such as one or more of chitosan and/or aminated β -cyclodextrin, and the flame retardant in the flame retardant-containing graphene oxide layer is phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardant, such as one or more of phytic acid, DNA, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene derivatives.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) adding carbon nano tube into flame retardant solution with positive charge, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-2h at the ultrasonic temperature of 25-80 ℃ to obtain electropositive carbon nano tube impregnation liquid, and marking as CNT+；
Adding graphene oxide into a flame retardant solution with negative charges, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-2h at the ultrasonic temperature of 25-80 ℃ to obtain an electronegative graphene oxide impregnation liquid marked as GO-；
(2) Soaking polylactic acid fabric in electropositive carbon nanotube soaking solution, washing for 0-3min to remove excessive soaking solution, and drying to obtain P L A-CNT+And (3) soaking the fabric in the electronegative graphene oxide soaking solution, washing for 0-3min to remove the redundant soaking solution, and drying to obtain a P L A-C/G fabric, wherein the completion of one-time self-assembly is recorded, the operation is repeated, the obtained fabric is recorded as P L A-C/Gx, x represents the self-assembly times, and is not less than 0, (for example, P L A-C/G1 represents the P L A-C/G fabric which completes one-time self-assembly), and the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric is obtained.
The positively charged flame retardant solution in the step (1) is a chitosan solution and/or an aminated β -cyclodextrin solution, the mass fraction of the carbon nanotubes in the electropositive carbon nanotube impregnating solution is 1-5 wt.%, preferably 1-3 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 1-30 wt.%, preferably 10-20 wt.%.
The flame retardant solution with negative charges in the step (1) is one or more of phytic acid solution, DNA solution, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene derivative solution; the mass fraction of the graphene oxide in the electronegative graphene oxide impregnation liquid is 1-5 wt.%, preferably 1-3 wt.%; the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 1-30 wt.%, preferably: 10-20 wt.%.
The polylactic acid fabric in the step (2) is a pure polylactic acid fabric with a modified surface by carboxylation, and the method specifically comprises the steps of soaking the polylactic acid fabric in a strong oxidizing solution for 5-30min at 25-80 ℃, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation reaction, washing to remove excess oxidizing agent on the surface of the fabric, drying to obtain the polylactic acid fabric with oxygen radicals on the surface, marking as a P L A-g fabric, then soaking in an acrylic acid solution, and carrying out ultraviolet irradiation reaction to obtain the polylactic acid fabric with acrylic acid grafted on the surface, namely the pure polylactic acid fabric with the modified surface by carboxylation, marking as a P L A-g-PAA fabric, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation reaction conditions are all ultraviolet irradiation wavelength of 320 +/-20 nm, the reaction time is 5-30min, the reaction temperature is 25-80 ℃, and the distance between an ultraviolet light source and the fabric is 5-30 cm.
The strong oxidizing solution is one or more of benzophenone, hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate solution; 5-50 wt.% of a strongly oxidizing solution; the concentration of the acrylic acid solution is 0 to 30 vol.%.
The dipping time in the step (2) is 0-30 min; drying at 80 deg.C for 0-30 min.
The invention provides a flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric prepared by the method.
The invention provides an application of the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric, and belongs to the fields of early warning flame retardance, decorative materials, automotive interior, clothing home textiles and the like.
The invention provides an early warning device which comprises the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric.
The working principle of the early warning device is as follows: as shown in fig. 1c, the surface of the modified flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric is rich in carbon tubes, graphene oxide and a flame retardant material, and the three materials have a synergistic flame-retardant effect. Meanwhile, the graphene oxide is subjected to thermal reduction at high temperature to reduce the resistance of the material, and finally, a buzzer and an alarm lamp are triggered to perform fire early warning.
The invention provides an application of the early warning device.
The flame retardant of the invention realizes the flame retardance of the material mainly through the actions of dehydration catalysis to carbon, release of inert gas and the like. The carbon nano tube and the graphene play a role in inflaming retarding and early warning at the same time. Flame retardant action: the carbon tubes and the graphene mainly play roles in forming carbon at high temperature, improving the strength of a carbon layer and the like to prevent condensed phase flame. The early warning function: the graphene oxide is subjected to thermal reduction at high temperature, so that the resistance of the material is reduced, the fire early warning function is realized, and the carbon tubes can adjust the density of a conductive path of the material at high temperature, thereby playing a role in regulating and controlling the early warning temperature of the material.
Advantageous effects
(1) The flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric provided by the invention has good flame-retardant property, mechanical property and service property, can be used in the fields of decorative materials, automotive interiors, clothes home textiles and the like, and has good application prospect.
(2) The flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric provided by the invention is based on electrostatic adsorption and self-assembly technologies, and the flame-retardant impregnating solution and the polylactic acid matrix have strong interaction, so that the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric has excellent service performance.
(3) The flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric provided by the invention has a high-temperature early warning function (the conductivity is increased due to the reduction of defects caused by the thermal reduction of graphene oxide at high temperature), and can give an alarm when the temperature of the material is abnormal (before combustion), so that the hazard degree of fire is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In fig. 1, (a) is a multi-dimensional carbon material-based early warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric structure; (b) is a schematic diagram of fire early warning of common polylactic acid fabric; (c) is a schematic diagram of early fire warning of the modified polylactic acid fabric;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the combustion behavior of a pure polylactic acid fabric in air, wherein 1 is before combustion, 2 is in combustion, and 3 is after combustion;
fig. 3 is a real graph of the combustion behavior of the pre-warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric in the air, wherein 1 is before combustion, 2 is in combustion, and 3 is after combustion.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Raw material information:
wherein the diameter of the carbon nanotube NC 7000: 10nm, length: 1.5 μm;
and (3) graphene oxide: oxygen content is 40-60 wt%, the size of the plate diameter is 1-50 μm, and the thickness of the plate diameter is 5-10 nm.
Example 1
The early warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric based on the multidimensional carbon material and the preparation method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
1) and (3) performing carboxylation modification on polylactic acid fabric: pure polylactic acid fabric (20 x 20 cm) was first treated with deionized water2) Cleaning and drying for later use, then soaking the polylactic acid fabric in 10 wt.% of benzophenone ethanol solution for 10min, then treating the polylactic acid fabric for 10min by adopting an ultraviolet irradiation technology (the wavelength of an ultraviolet light source is 320nm, the distance between the light source and the fabric is 10cm, the temperature is 25 ℃), then washing the treated polylactic acid fabric by using absolute ethyl alcohol and drying for later use. The polylactic acid fabric after the treatment is immersed in an acrylic acid aqueous solution (the volume fraction is 20 vol.%), and the polylactic acid fabric is treated for 10min again by adopting an ultraviolet radiation technology (the wavelength of an ultraviolet light source is 320nm, the distance between the light source and the fabric is 10cm, and the temperature is 25 ℃). Finally, the polylactic acid fabric is washed by water,Ultrasonic treatment to remove unreacted acrylic monomer, and vacuum drying at 80 deg.C to obtain sample P L A-g-PAA.
2) The preparation method of the electropositive one-dimensional carbon nanotube flame-retardant impregnating solution comprises the steps of firstly adding aminated β -cyclodextrin into deionized water at 60 ℃ and stirring for 1 hour to completely dissolve the aminated β -cyclodextrin, then adding the carbon nanotube into the aminated β -cyclodextrin solution with positive charges and stirring for 1 hour, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 2 hours to uniformly disperse the solution, and finally obtaining the electropositive carbon nanotube flame-retardant impregnating solution which is marked as CNT+Wherein the mass fraction of the carbon nano tube is 1 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the aminated β -cyclodextrin is 10 wt.%.
3) Preparing an electronegative two-dimensional graphene flame-retardant impregnating solution: firstly adding a phytic acid solution into deionized water at 25 ℃ and stirring for 1h to uniformly disperse the phytic acid solution, then adding graphene oxide into the phytic acid solution and stirring for 1h, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 2h to uniformly disperse the graphene oxide, and finally obtaining an electronegative graphene oxide impregnation solution marked as GO-. Wherein the mass fraction of the graphene oxide is 1 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the phytic acid is 10 wt.%.
4) The P L A-g-PAA fabric is modified by self-assembly and flame retardation layer by layer, which is to dip the P L A-g-PAA fabric into CNT+Dissolving for 5min to obtain P L A-CNT+Fabric, P L A-CNT subsequently+Washing the fabric in deionized water for 1min to remove excess soaking solution, and drying at 80 deg.C for 3min to obtain P L A-CNT+The fabric being impregnated in GO-In the solution for 5min, the obtained fabric is marked as P L A-C/G fabric, then the P L A-C/G fabric is placed in deionized water for washing for 1min to remove redundant immersion liquid, and then the fabric is dried for 3min at 80 ℃, so that the fabric is marked as P L A-C/Gx, wherein x represents the self-assembly times, for example, P L A-C/G1 represents the P L A-C/G fabric with the self-assembly completed once (x is 20 in the embodiment)
The limiting oxygen index of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is 29.2 by reference to GB/T5454-1997 standard (textile flammability test oxygen index method), and P L A-C/H & lt/EN & gt by reference to GB/T5455-1997 standard (textile flammability test vertical method)The vertical burning rating of the G20 fabric is V-0 rating, so that the flame retardant performance of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is obviously improved compared with that of pure polylactic acid, after the P L A-C/G20 fabric is heated by an alcohol lamp in air, the resistance is 10s within 10s5Omega is reduced to 103And omega, the conductivity is remarkably increased (the temperature of sudden change of the fabric resistance is about 187 ℃), namely a fire alarm device can be triggered, and the hazard degree of fire is greatly reduced, referring to GB/T3923.1-2013 and GB/T5453-1997 standards, the mechanical property of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is 585N, and the air permeability of the fabric is 145mm/s, which shows that the fabric has good service performance.
Example 2
The early warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric based on the multidimensional carbon material and the preparation method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
1) and (3) performing carboxylation modification on polylactic acid fabric: pure polylactic acid fabric (20 x 20 cm) was first treated with deionized water2) Washing and drying for later use, then dipping the polylactic acid fabric in an ethanol solution (mass fraction is 10 wt.%) of benzophenone for 10min, then treating the polylactic acid fabric for 10min by adopting an ultraviolet radiation technology (the wavelength of an ultraviolet light source is 320nm, the distance between the light source and the fabric is 10cm, the temperature is 25 ℃), then washing the treated polylactic acid fabric by using absolute ethyl alcohol and drying for later use, dipping the treated polylactic acid fabric in an aqueous solution (the volume fraction is 20 vol.%), treating the polylactic acid fabric again by adopting the ultraviolet radiation technology (the wavelength of the ultraviolet light source is 320nm, the distance between the light source and the fabric is 10cm, the temperature is 25 ℃), finally washing and ultrasonically treating the polylactic acid fabric to remove unreacted acrylic monomers, and then placing the polylactic acid fabric in vacuum drying at 80 ℃ for later use, wherein the obtained sample is represented as P L A-g-PAA.
2) Preparing an electropositive one-dimensional carbon nanotube flame-retardant impregnating solution: firstly adding chitosan into 2 wt.% acetic acid solution (the solution temperature is 60 ℃) and stirring for 1h to completely dissolve the chitosan, then adding carbon nano tubes into the chitosan solution with positive charges and stirring for 1h, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 2h to uniformly disperse the carbon nano tubes, and finally obtaining the electropositive carbon nano tube flame-retardant impregnation liquid, which is marked as CNT+. Wherein the mass fraction of the carbon nano tube is 1 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the chitosan is 10 wt.%.
3) Preparing an electronegative two-dimensional graphene flame-retardant impregnating solution: firstly adding graphene oxide into deionized water at 25 ℃ and stirring to form a uniform solution S1 (mass fraction of graphene oxide is 2 wt.%), then dropwise adding an ethanol solution S2 (mass fraction of hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene is 20 wt.%) of hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene into the dispersion liquid S1 and stirring for 1h to uniformly disperse the solution (mass ratio S1: S2: 1), then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 2h to uniformly disperse the solution, and finally obtaining an electronegative graphene oxide impregnation liquid, which is marked as GO-。
4) The P L A-g-PAA fabric is modified by self-assembly and flame retardation layer by layer, which is to dip the P L A-g-PAA fabric into CNT+Dissolving for 5min to obtain P L A-CNT+Fabric, P L A-CNT subsequently+Washing the fabric in deionized water for 1min to remove excess soaking solution, and drying at 80 deg.C for 3min to obtain P L A-CNT+The fabric being impregnated in GO-In the solution for 5min, the obtained fabric is marked as P L A-C/G fabric, then the P L A-C/G fabric is placed in deionized water for washing for 1min to remove redundant immersion liquid, and then the fabric is dried for 3min at 80 ℃, so that the fabric is marked as P L A-C/Gx, wherein x represents the self-assembly times, for example, P L A-C/G1 represents the P L A-C/G fabric with the self-assembly completed once (x is 20 in the embodiment)
According to GB/T5454-1997 standard (textile burning performance test oxygen index method), the limiting oxygen index of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is 32.5, and according to GB/T5455-1997 standard (textile burning performance test vertical method), the vertical burning grade of the P L A-C/G5 fabric is V-0 grade, so that the flame retardant performance of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is obviously improved compared with that of pure polylactic acid5Omega is reduced to 103And omega, the conductivity is remarkably increased (the temperature of sudden change of the fabric resistance is about 175 ℃), namely a fire alarm device can be triggered, and the hazard degree of fire is greatly reduced, referring to GB/T3923.1-2013 and GB/T5453-1997 standards, the mechanical property of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is 618N, and the air permeability of the fabric is 132mm/s, which shows that the fabric has good service performance.
Example 3
The early warning type flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric based on the multidimensional carbon material and the preparation method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
1) and (3) performing carboxylation modification on polylactic acid fabric: pure polylactic acid fabric (20 x 20 cm) was first treated with deionized water2) Washing and drying for later use, then dipping the polylactic acid fabric in an ethanol solution (mass fraction is 10 wt.%) of benzophenone for 10min, then treating the polylactic acid fabric for 10min by adopting an ultraviolet radiation technology (the wavelength of an ultraviolet light source is 320nm, the distance between the light source and the fabric is 10cm, the temperature is 25 ℃), then washing the treated polylactic acid fabric by using absolute ethyl alcohol and drying for later use, dipping the treated polylactic acid fabric in an aqueous solution (the volume fraction is 20 vol.%), treating the polylactic acid fabric again by adopting the ultraviolet radiation technology (the wavelength of the ultraviolet light source is 320nm, the distance between the light source and the fabric is 10cm, the temperature is 25 ℃), finally washing and ultrasonically treating the polylactic acid fabric to remove unreacted acrylic monomers, and then placing the polylactic acid fabric in vacuum drying at 80 ℃ for later use, wherein the obtained sample is represented as P L A-g-PAA.
2) Preparing an electropositive one-dimensional carbon nanotube flame-retardant impregnating solution: firstly adding chitosan into 2 wt.% acetic acid solution (the solution temperature is 60 ℃) and stirring for 1h to completely dissolve the chitosan, then adding carbon nano tubes into the chitosan solution with positive charges and stirring for 1h, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 2h to uniformly disperse the carbon nano tubes, and finally obtaining the electropositive carbon nano tube flame-retardant impregnation liquid, which is marked as CNT+. Wherein the mass fraction of the carbon nano tube is 2 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the chitosan is 10 wt.%.
3) Preparing an electronegative two-dimensional graphene flame-retardant impregnating solution: firstly adding a phytic acid solution into deionized water at 25 ℃ and stirring for 1h to uniformly disperse the phytic acid solution, then adding graphene oxide into the phytic acid solution and stirring for 1h, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the solution for 2h to uniformly disperse the graphene oxide, and finally obtaining an electronegative graphene oxide impregnation solution marked as GO-. Wherein the mass fraction of the graphene oxide is 1 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the phytic acid is 10 wt.%.
4) Layer-by-layer self-assembly flame-retardant modification of P L A-g-PAA fabric, namely, firstly P L A-g-PAAImpregnation of fabrics in CNTs+Dissolving for 5min to obtain P L A-CNT+Fabric, P L A-CNT subsequently+Washing the fabric in deionized water for 1min to remove excess soaking solution, and drying at 80 deg.C for 3min to obtain P L A-CNT+The fabric being impregnated in GO-In the solution for 5min, the obtained fabric is marked as P L A-C/G fabric, then the P L A-C/G fabric is placed in deionized water for washing for 1min to remove redundant immersion liquid, and then the fabric is dried for 3min at 80 ℃, so that the fabric is marked as P L A-C/Gx, wherein x represents the self-assembly times, for example, P L A-C/G1 represents the P L A-C/G fabric with the self-assembly completed once (x is 20 in the embodiment)
According to GB/T5454-1997 standard (textile burning performance test oxygen index method), the limiting oxygen index of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is 30.6, according to GB/T5455-1997 standard (textile burning performance test vertical method), the vertical burning grade of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is V-0 grade, so that the flame retardant performance of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is obviously improved compared with that of pure polylactic acid, after the P L A-C/G20 fabric is heated by an alcohol lamp in air, the resistance is 10s or less within 10s5Omega is reduced to 103And omega, the conductivity is remarkably increased (the temperature of sudden change of the fabric resistance is about 166 ℃), a fire alarm device can be triggered, and the hazard degree of fire is greatly reduced, referring to GB/T3923.1-2013 and GB/T5453-1997 standards, the mechanical property of the P L A-C/G20 fabric is 603N, and the air permeability of the fabric is 138mm/s, which shows that the fabric has good service performance.
Comparative example 1
The CN110257949A patent discloses a flame-retardant antistatic polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the resistivity of the polyester fiber is 104-109And the flame spread/damage length in the 45-degree direction is 3.0-11.1cm, the patent prepares the functional polyester through chemical copolymerization and melt spinning forming technology, mainly researches the influence of different carbon black types and contents on the conductivity and the flame retardant property of the polyester, but no system provides flame retardant property parameters in the patent.
The polylactic acid fabric provided by the invention has the flame retardant property (the limited oxygen index is greater than 30, the flame retardant grade is achieved, the vertical combustion grade is V-0 grade) and the fire early warning function (the early warning temperature is 160-200 ℃ and the early warning time is less than 10s, and is adjustable and controllable), and meanwhile, the fabric has good service performance (the mechanical property is greater than 580N, the air permeability is greater than 130mm/s), and has practical application prospect.
By contrast, the present invention is different from CN110257949A in terms of protection content, scientific principles, processing technology, material composition, etc.
Claims (10)
1. The flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric is characterized in that a carbon nanotube layer containing a flame retardant and a graphene oxide layer containing the flame retardant are sequentially loaded on the surface of the fabric at intervals.
2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant in the flame retardant-containing carbon nanotube layer is chitosan and/or aminated β -cyclodextrin, and the flame retardant in the flame retardant-containing graphene oxide layer is one or more of phytic acid, DNA, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene derivatives.
3. A preparation method of a flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the carbon nano tube into a flame retardant solution with positive charges, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an electropositive carbon nano tube impregnation solution; adding graphene oxide into a flame retardant solution with negative charges, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain an electronegative graphene oxide impregnation solution;
(2) and (3) soaking the polylactic acid fabric into the electropositive carbon nanotube soaking solution, washing, drying, soaking the electronegative graphene oxide soaking solution, washing, drying and repeating the operation to obtain the flame-retardant polylactic acid fabric.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the positively charged flame retardant solution in step (1) is chitosan solution and/or aminated β -cyclodextrin solution, the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes in the electropositive carbon nanotube impregnating solution is 1-5 wt.%, and the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 1-30 wt.%.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the negatively charged flame retardant solution in step (1) is one or more of phytic acid solution, DNA solution, hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene derivative solution; the mass fraction of graphene oxide in the electronegative graphene oxide impregnation liquid is 1-5 wt.%; the mass fraction of the flame retardant is 1-30 wt.%.
6. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the polylactic acid fabric in the step (2) is a pure polylactic acid fabric with modified surface carboxylation, specifically: soaking the polylactic acid fabric in a strong oxidizing solution for 5-30min, carrying out ultraviolet light irradiation reaction, washing and drying to obtain the polylactic acid fabric with oxygen free radicals on the surface; then dipping the fabric in acrylic acid solution for ultraviolet irradiation reaction to obtain the pure polylactic acid fabric with the surface modified by carboxylation.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the strong oxidizing solution is one or more of benzophenone, hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate solution; 5-50 wt.% of a strongly oxidizing solution; the concentration of the acrylic acid solution is 1 to 30 vol.%.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the dipping time in the step (2) is 0-30 min; drying at 80 deg.C for 0-30 min.
9. A flame retardant polylactic acid fabric prepared according to the method of claim 3.
10. A precaution device comprising the flame retardant polylactic acid fabric of claim 1.
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