CN111410305A - Chromium-polluted water body remediation method and application - Google Patents
Chromium-polluted water body remediation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Substances [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012137 tryptone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring chromium-polluted water and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: adding the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria into a chromium-polluted water body at the same time, and reacting for 120-360 min under an anaerobic condition; the preparation method of the biochar loaded aged nano zero-valent iron comprises the following steps: adding biochar into ferrous sulfate solution, uniformly mixing, and adding NaBH4And continuously stirring the solution, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the product. Because the nano zero-valent iron is easily oxidized into the aged nano zero-valent iron in the air, and the reaction activity is obviously reduced after the nano zero-valent iron is oxidized, the method can obviously improve the removal efficiency of hexavalent chromium by the coupling of the biochar loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria, and simultaneously avoids the requirement of the nano zero-valent iron in the preparation process and the preservation processThe method can also be applied to the field of removing the chromium-arsenic composite pollutants in the water body at the additional cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for restoring chromium-polluted water and application thereof.
Background
In recent decades, with the rapid development of urbanization and industry in China, particularly, groundwater is greatly damaged by heavy metal discharge in industrial production. Chromium (Cr) is an important chemical raw material, and Cr and its compounds have been largely used in various industrial productions (electroplating, alloy materials, printing and dyeing, etc.), thus causing the discharge of a large amount of chromium slag and chromium-containing wastewater, resulting in serious pollution of groundwater by chromium, and finally entering the food chain to endanger plant growth and human health safety. Cr exists mainly as trivalent chromium [ Cr (III) ] and hexavalent chromium [ Cr (VI) ] in water, but Cr (III) has low toxicity and is easy to form insoluble complex with organic matters, but Cr (VI) has high solubility, is extremely toxic and carcinogenic relative to Cr (III), and researches show that the toxicity of Cr (VI) is 100 times that of Cr (III). Therefore, groundwater Cr (VI) pollution remediation has become a major environmental problem to be solved urgently.
For the removal of Cr (VI) from water, adsorption reduction is considered to be the most convenient and effective method. Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) as a nanomaterial shows high reactivity in reductive removal of various inorganic contaminants such as chromate, perchlorate, nitrate and organic contaminants such as chlorinated hydrocarbon, and has been used as an effective adsorbent for removal of cr (vi) from groundwater. Under anaerobic conditions, nZVI can reduce Cr (VI) into Cr (III) and can effectively adsorb the Cr (III). But because of the high reactivity and the nanometer size, the nano-silver oxide can be easily oxidized in air or water, so that the accumulation of an iron oxide layer on the surface of the nano-silver oxide can be caused, the ageing of the nZVI can be caused, similar problems can occur even if the nZVI is loaded on the biochar (the problem that the nZVI is easy to agglomerate can be solved when the nZVI is loaded on the biochar), the reaction activity of the aged nZVI is reduced, and the final reduction removal capability of Cr (VI) is reduced; this also places greater demands on the preparation and storage of nZVI. Therefore, the development of a method for improving the removal of anaerobic Cr (VI) by the aged nano zero-valent iron is the key for solving the problem of remediation of chromium pollution of underground water.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and specifically, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:
a method for restoring chromium-polluted water comprises the following steps: adding the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria into a chromium-polluted water body at the same time, and reacting for 120-360 min under an anaerobic condition;
the preparation method of the biochar loaded aged nano zero-valent iron comprises the following steps: adding biochar into ferrous sulfate solution, uniformly mixing, and adding NaBH4And continuously stirring the solution for 50-70 min, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to prepare the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron.
In some preferred embodiments, the pH of the chromium-contaminated water is 5-9 and the temperature is 20-35 ℃.
In some preferred implementation cases, the addition amount of the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron material is 0.5-2 g/L, and the OD600 of the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria is 0.1-0.8.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the biochar to the ferrous sulfate is (1-2): 1; the mass ratio of the biochar in the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron to the aged zero-valent iron is (4-9): 1.
In some preferred embodiments, the ferrous sulfate is mixed with NaBH4The molar ratio of (1) to (2-4).
In some preferred embodiments, the method of making biochar comprises the steps of: and grinding and drying the biomass, then heating to 300-800 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping for 2-5 h to obtain the biochar.
In some preferred embodiments, the biomass is one or more of roots, stems, leaves of woody plants.
In some preferred embodiments, the woody plant is palm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: because the nano zero-valent iron is easily oxidized into the aged nano zero-valent iron in the air, and the reaction activity can be obviously reduced after the nano zero-valent iron is oxidized, the method can obviously improve the removal efficiency of hexavalent chromium by using the biochar loaded aged nano zero-valent iron coupled with the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria, and simultaneously avoids the extra cost required by the nano zero-valent iron in the preparation process and the preservation process, and the method can also be applied to the field of removing chromium-arsenic composite pollutants in water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is SEM picture (A) of biological carbon loaded with aged nano zero-valent iron, SEM picture (B) of Shewanella MR-1 bacteria and XRD picture (C) of biological carbon and biological carbon loaded with aged nano zero-valent iron;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the effect of biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent coupled Shewanella MR-1 bacteria on removing Cr (VI) in a water body under anaerobic conditions under different pH conditions;
FIG. 3 is a graph (A) showing the effect of biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent coupled Shewanella MR-1 bacteria on the removal of Cr (VI) in a water body under anaerobic conditions, a graph (B) showing the effect of Shewanella MR-1 bacteria on the removal of Cr (VI) in the water body, and a histogram (C) showing the comparison of the removal rate of biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron coupled Shewanella MR-1 bacteria with the sum of aged nZVI/500B alone and Shewanella MR-1 bacteria on Cr (VI).
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following embodiments to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1: preparation of biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and culture of Shewanella MR-1 bacteria
1. Preparing biochar:
step 1): washing fresh palm biomass with distilled water, drying at 80 ℃, and crushing into pieces to obtain biomass fragments;
step 2): placing the biomass fragments in a vacuum tube furnace, heating to 500 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping for 2 hours, stopping heating, cooling to normal temperature, and taking out to obtain biochar;
and 3) soaking the prepared biochar in 1 mol/L HCl solution, shaking at 200rpm for 5 hours to remove redundant impurities, finally washing with deionized water until the pH value of the solution is unchanged, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the final product biochar (BC for short, XRD is shown as C in figure 1).
2. Preparing the biochar loaded aged nano zero-valent iron:
step 1) adding the final product biochar (0.9g) prepared by the above method and FeSO 4.7H 2O (0.5g) into 100m L deionized water, and stirring for 1H (200 rpm);
step 2): while stirring continuously, 0.3g of NaBH is added4Preparing a solution of L with the thickness of 100m by deionized water, adding the solution, continuously stirring for 1h (200rpm), reacting in a three-necked bottle, and carrying out the whole process in the air;
step 3): and after reaction, centrifugally washing, washing for 3 times by using alcohol, collecting precipitate, and drying at 60 ℃ to prepare the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron material for later use (the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron material is abbreviated as nZVI/500B, wherein an SEM figure is shown as A in figure 1, and an XRD figure is shown as C in figure 1).
3. Culture of Shewanella MR-1:
step 1) L B preparation of culture medium, namely, respectively adding 10g of tryptone, 5g of yeast extract and 10g of NaCl into 950M L of deionized water, stirring by using a glass rod until the tryptone, the yeast extract and the NaCl are fully dissolved, then adjusting the pH to 7 by using 5M NaOH solution, fixing the volume to 1L by using the deionized water, and finally sterilizing for 21min under the conditions of high pressure steam sterilization and 120 ℃;
step 2) culture of Shewanella MR-1 Strain the MR-1 strain was inoculated into a sterilized L B medium and cultured at 25 ℃ for 10 hours, and the SEM image of Shewanella MR-1 strain is shown in B in FIG. 1.
Example 2: biochar loaded aging nano zero-valent coupling Shewanella MR-1 bacteria anaerobic water body Cr (VI) removal under different pH conditions
Step 1), preparing a Cr (VI) solution with the concentration of 12 mg/L, wherein the solvent is oxygen-free deionized water;
step 2) taking the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and Shewanella MR-1 bacteria prepared in the example 1 for a Cr (VI) adsorption kinetics experiment, wherein the dosage of nZVI/500B is 1 g/L, OD600 of the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria is respectively set to be 0.2 and is not added, the concentration of sodium lactate is 20 mmol/L, the initial pH values of chromium solutions are respectively adjusted to be 5, 7 and 9 by using 0.1M HCI solution and 0.1M NaOH solution for carrying out the experiment, the reaction system is 40M L, the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria react in a 100M L penicillin bottle, and the whole reaction process is carried out in an anaerobic box;
step 3): starting timing after feeding, and sampling at a specified time point, wherein the sampling time is 0, 5, 30, 60, 120 and 240min respectively;
step 4): after the reaction, the reaction mixture was passed through a 0.22 μm water film, and the concentration of Cr (VI) in the filtrate was measured to calculate C/C0，C0Initial cr (vi) concentration, cr (vi) concentration in solution at different sampling time points of C.
As shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that under different pH conditions, the removal rate of Cr (VI) in the solution is significantly improved by the charcoal-loaded aged nanoscale zero-valent iron-coupled Shewanella MR-1 bacteria, wherein the effect is the best when the pH is 7.
Example 3: biological carbon loaded aging nanometer zero-valent coupling Shewanella MR-1 bacteria anaerobic water body Cr (VI) removal with different bacteria adding amounts
Step 1), preparing a Cr (VI) solution with the concentration of 12 mg/L, wherein the solvent is oxygen-free deionized water;
step 2) taking the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and Shewanella MR-1 bacteria prepared in the example 1 for a Cr (VI) adsorption kinetics experiment, wherein the dosage of nZVI/500B is 1 g/L, the OD600 of the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria is respectively set to be 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6, the nZVI/500B is abbreviated as MR-11.25%, MR-12.5% and MR-13.75%, the concentration of sodium lactate is 20 mmol/L, the initial pH values of chromium solutions are respectively adjusted to be 7 by using 0.1M HCI solution and 0.1M NaOH solution for the experiment, the reaction system is 40M L, the reactions are carried out in a 100M L bottle, and the whole reaction process is carried out in an anaerobic box;
step 3): starting timing after feeding, and sampling at a specified time point, wherein the sampling time is 0, 5, 30, 60, 120 and 240min respectively;
step 4): after the reaction, the reaction mixture was passed through a 0.22 μm water film, and the concentration of Cr (VI) in the filtrate was measured to calculate C/C0，C0Initial cr (vi) concentration, C is cr (vi) concentration in the solution at different sampling time points, and the results are shown in fig. 3.
From A in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the effect of removing Cr (VI) by using the biochar-supported aged nanoscale zero-valent iron alone is obviously inferior to that of biochar-supported aged nanoscale zero-valent coupled Shewanella MR-1 bacteria. It is apparent from C in FIG. 3 that the removal rate of Cr (VI) by the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron material coupled Shewanella MR-1 bacteria is significantly greater than the sum of the removal rate of nZVI/500B alone for Cr (VI) and the removal rate of Shewanella MR-1 bacteria for Cr (VI) (which can be seen from B in FIG. 3).
Claims (9)
1. The method for restoring the chromium-polluted water body is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron and the Shewanella MR-1 bacteria into a chromium-polluted water body at the same time, and reacting for 120-360 min under an anaerobic condition;
the preparation method of the biochar loaded aged nano zero-valent iron comprises the following steps: adding biochar into ferrous sulfate solution, uniformly mixing, and adding NaBH4And stirring the solution for 50-70 min, collecting the precipitate, washing and drying to prepare the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron.
2. The remediation method of claim 1, wherein the chromium-contaminated water has a pH of 5 to 9 and a temperature of 20 to 35 ℃.
3. The repair method according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron is 0.5-2 g/L, and the OD600 of the Shewanella MR-1 strain is 0.1-0.8.
4. The restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of biochar to ferrous sulfate is (1-2): 1; the mass ratio of the biochar in the biochar-loaded aged nano zero-valent iron to the aged zero-valent iron is (4-9): 1.
5. The method of remediation of claim 1 wherein the ferrous sulfate and NaBH4The molar ratio of (1) to (2-4).
6. The repair method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the biochar comprises the steps of: and grinding and drying the biomass, then heating to 300-800 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping for 2-5 h to obtain the biochar.
7. The repair method according to claim 6, wherein the biomass is one or more of roots, stems, leaves of woody plants.
8. The method of repairing according to claim 7, wherein said woody plant is palm.
9. Use of the remediation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of removal of chromium arsenic complex contaminants from a body of water.
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113058983A (en) * | 2021-02-14 | 2021-07-02 | 北京化工大学 | Method for restoring chromium-polluted soil by biochar-loaded hematite-shewanella photovoltaic complex |
| CN113149230A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-07-23 | 中南大学 | Treatment method for reducing hexavalent chromium by wood charcoal electron transfer enhanced microorganisms |
| CN114195247A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-18 | 中南民族大学 | Method for efficiently removing Cr (VI) in water body by using nano zero-valent iron under mediation of dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria |
| CN114367272A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-19 | 华东交通大学 | Preparation method of magnetic nano modified walnut shell adsorbent and application of magnetic nano modified walnut shell adsorbent in treatment of hexavalent chromium in soil |
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| CN106830267A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院 | A kind of method for mitigating nano zero valence iron passivation |
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| CN113149230B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-04-19 | 中南大学 | Treatment method for reducing hexavalent chromium by wood charcoal electron transfer enhanced microorganisms |
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