CN111408909A - Production welding process for forged steel parts - Google Patents
Production welding process for forged steel parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN111408909A CN111408909A CN202010383472.5A CN202010383472A CN111408909A CN 111408909 A CN111408909 A CN 111408909A CN 202010383472 A CN202010383472 A CN 202010383472A CN 111408909 A CN111408909 A CN 111408909A
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- welding
- forged steel
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- accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of welding processes, and discloses a welding process for producing forged steel parts, which specifically comprises the following steps: step one, selecting materials: selecting accessories of the forged steel part, wherein the welding interfaces of the accessories are required to be tidy and smooth, the butt joint interfaces of the accessories cannot be uneven, and the butt joint interfaces of the accessories can be tightly attached together; step two, cleaning: the parts are demagnetized by using a demagnetizer, the parts are demagnetized in batch for medium and small-sized parts, the parts are placed on the demagnetizer provided with a track and a carriage to be demagnetized, the parts are placed on the carriage and positioned 30cm in front of a coil during demagnetization, the parts slowly pass through the coil along the track and are far away from the coil to be powered off by at least 1m when the coil is electrified, and the coil can be sleeved on a workpiece for heavy or large-sized workpieces which cannot be demagnetized on the demagnetizer. According to the production welding process of the forged steel piece, the welding seam is small, the welding seam is neat and smooth, and the stability of the welding position of the forged steel piece is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding processes, in particular to a welding process for producing forged steel parts.
Background
A forged steel part is an article to which metal is applied with pressure to shape a desired shape or a suitable compressive force by plastic deformation. Forged steel requires that each piece be consistent without any porosity, excess space, inclusions or other imperfections. In the production of forged steel parts, welding, also known as fusion and melt welding, is a process and technique for joining metals or other thermoplastic materials, such as plastics, by heating, high temperature or high pressure, wherein the workpieces and the solder melt to form a molten zone, and the molten pool cools and solidifies to form a joint between the materials.
The welding seam of the existing forged steel part welding process is large during welding, the larger the welding seam is, the poorer the welding effect is, the poorer the stability of the welding seam is, and the welding seam can lead to large residual solder on the forged steel part, so that the rigidity strength of the welding position of the forged steel part is reduced, and the final quality of the forged steel part is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a production welding process of a forged steel part, which has the advantages of reducing welding seams and the like and solves the problem of larger welding seams of the existing welding process of the forged steel part.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a production welding process of forged steel parts specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting materials: selecting accessories of the forged steel part, wherein the welding interfaces of the accessories are required to be tidy and smooth, the butt joint interfaces of the accessories cannot be uneven, and the butt joint interfaces of the accessories can be tightly attached together;
step two, cleaning: the parts are demagnetized by using a demagnetizer, the parts are demagnetized in batch for medium and small-sized parts, the parts are placed on the demagnetizer provided with a track and a carriage and are demagnetized, when demagnetized, the parts are placed on the carriage and are positioned 30cm in front of a coil, when the coil is electrified, the parts slowly pass through the coil along the track and are at least 1m away from the coil to be powered off, for heavy or large-sized workpieces which cannot be demagnetized on the demagnetizer, the coil can be sleeved on the workpiece, when electrified, the coil slowly passes through the coil and is away from the workpiece, at least 1m away from the coil, the power is off, after demagnetization, a cleaning agent is used for cleaning the interface of the parts, and dirt at the interface of the parts is removed;
step three, pressing: assembling the fittings into a forged steel piece, pressing the forged steel piece by using pressing equipment, pressing the assembled fittings together, reducing gaps among the fittings, and arranging an air groove on one side of each fitting, wherein the air groove is communicated with the butt joint gap of the fittings;
step four, welding: according to different shapes of accessories, different welding modes are adopted, when a splicing gap at the butt joint of the accessories is more than 0.3mm, a welding machine is used for spot welding, two patches are connected at the butt joint of the accessories, the fusion depth is fully covered and more than 0.7 wall thickness is achieved, a welding wire of the welding machine is tightly attached to the spot welding position, so that the welding wire is tightly attached to the side wall of an electric welding point, an electrode of the welding machine is placed on a welding position, parameters of the welding machine are set, edge distance, lap joint quantity, point distance, assembly gap and welding point strength numerical values are set, the edge distance parameter is set according to the minimum distance of the accessories, the adjacent point distance parameter is the center distance of two points, the minimum distance is related to the thickness, the electric conductivity, the surface cleanliness and the diameter of a nugget, then the size of current is controlled by a controller for changing the current of each point, the welding wire is attached to the joint of, the welding position is smooth and linear, and the weld reinforcement between the multiple layers after welding is less than 0.4 mm;
step five, grinding and polishing: and during polishing, a polishing machine is used for polishing, and a polishing wheel rotating at a high speed is pressed to a welding position, so that the grinding material rolls and cuts the surface of the welding pipe body in a micro-scale manner to form a bright processing surface.
Preferably, during the first material selection step, a defect detection device is used for detecting the interior of the fitting, and whether the interior of the fitting has defects and dark injuries is detected.
Preferably, the second step needs to be repeated for 2-3 times during cleaning.
Preferably, after the parts in the third step are pressed together, a circle of groove is formed on the outer side of the butt joint surface, and the groove is U-shaped.
Preferably, the included angle between the welding wire and the horizontal plane of the welding direction in the fourth step is 50-70 degrees.
Preferably, after polishing and grinding are carried out in the fifth step, the forged steel piece is cleaned by using a cleaning agent, and impurities remaining on the surface of the forged steel piece are removed.
Preferably, the surface smoothness of the welding seam is polished to be 0.50-0.1 microns in the fifth step.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a production welding process of forged steel parts, which has the following beneficial effects:
this forged steel spare production welding process, through the step one that sets up, step two, step three, step four and step five, can select different welding methods according to the actual dimensions of accessory, welding process is nimble, can select the most suitable welding method, can improve the welding precision, reduce the width of welding seam by a wide margin, the welding seam is less, the firm of the splice of forged steel spare is decided highly, and the last remaining solder of forged steel spare is less, the welding seam is smooth and level, surface quality is higher.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A production welding process of forged steel parts specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting materials: selecting a part of a forged steel part, wherein the welding interface of the part is required to be neat and smooth, the butt joint interface of the part cannot be uneven, and the butt joint interface of the part can be tightly attached together, so that the quality of the part is improved, the poor quality of the welded forged steel part caused by flaws and dark injuries in the part is avoided, the standard is improved from the raw material, and the quality of the finally formed forged steel part can be improved;
step two, cleaning: a demagnetizing machine is used to demagnetize the fittings, which is a new non-heat treatment type metal material property treatment technology, it utilizes magnetic pulse treatment technology to reduce the residual stress in the steel workpiece, change its dislocation structure and defect structure, and improve the overall comprehensive mechanical property of the workpiece, after demagnetizing treatment, the workpiece has no magnetism, does not absorb other ferromagnetic substance, and is easy to clean, the demagnetizing treatment can reduce the residual stress, and can increase the life and surface effect of the workpiece, the wear resistance, durability and fatigue resistance of the workpiece after magnetically treated can be obviously improved, for the batch demagnetization of medium and small fittings, the fittings are demagnetized on the machine with track and carriage, when demagnetizing, the fittings are placed on the carriage at the position 30cm in front of the coil, when the coil is electrified, the fittings slowly pass through the coil along the track and are far away from the coil for at least 1m and cut off the power, for heavy or large workpieces which cannot be placed on a demagnetizer for demagnetization, the coil can be sleeved on the workpiece, the coil slowly passes through and is far away from the workpiece when the workpiece is electrified, the power is cut off at least 1m away, and after demagnetization, the interface of the accessory is cleaned by using a cleaning agent to remove dirt at the interface of the accessory;
step three, pressing: the method comprises the following steps of assembling the parts into a forged steel part, pressing the forged steel part by using pressing equipment, pressing the assembled parts together, reducing gaps between the parts, arranging an air groove on one side of the parts, wherein the air groove is communicated with the butt joint gaps of the parts, and the air groove can improve the fluidity of air during welding and improve the melting effect of a welding wire, so that the welding effect is improved;
step four, welding: according to different shapes of accessories, different welding modes are adopted, when a splicing gap at the butt joint of the accessories is larger than 0.3mm, a welding machine is used for spot welding, the spot welding is a welding method that a columnar electrode is utilized during welding to form a welding spot between the contact surfaces of two overlapped workpieces, during spot welding, the workpieces are pressed to be in close contact, then current is switched on, the contact positions of the workpieces are melted under the action of resistance heat, the welding spot is formed after cooling, two patches are connected at the butt joint of the accessories, the melting depth is fully covered by a wall thickness larger than 0.7, the welding wire of the welding machine is tightly attached to the spot welding position to enable the welding wire to be tightly attached to the side wall of an electric welding point, the electrode of the welding machine is placed at the welding position, parameters of the welding machine are set, edge distance, overlapping amount, point distance, assembly gap and welding point strength value are set, the edge distance parameter is set, the adjacent parameter of the point distance is the center distance of two points, the minimum value of the adjacent parameter is related to the thickness, the conductivity and the surface cleanliness of the welded metal and the diameter of a nugget, then the size of the current is controlled by changing a controller of the current of each point, the welding wire is attached to the joint of accessories for drawing welding, the welding position is smooth and linear, and the weld reinforcement between the multiple layers after welding is less than 0.4 mm;
step five, grinding and polishing: during polishing, a polishing machine is used for polishing, a polishing wheel rotating at a high speed is pressed to a welding position, so that grinding materials roll and micro-cut the surface of a welding pipe body, a bright processing surface is presented, different welding modes can be selected according to the actual size of accessories through the steps I, II, III, IV and V, the welding process is flexible, the most suitable welding mode can be selected, the welding precision can be improved, the width of a welding line is greatly reduced, the smaller the welding line is, the higher the stability of the welding position of a forged steel part is, residual welding flux on the forged steel part is less, the welding line is smooth and flat, and the surface quality is higher.
During the first material selection of the step, flaw detection equipment is required to be used for detecting the interior of the fitting, whether flaws and hidden damages exist in the fitting or not is detected, the quality of the fitting is improved, and poor quality of welded forged steel parts caused by flaws and hidden damages in the fitting is avoided.
And step two, the operation is repeated for 2-3 times during cleaning, so that the demagnetization effect is improved, and the weight-keeping accessories lose magnetism.
After the three parts are pressed together, a circle of groove is formed on the outer side of the butt joint face, the groove is U-shaped, electric welding is facilitated, welding convenience is improved, and welding workers can place welding wires conveniently.
Welding wire and welding direction horizontal plane contained angle 50 ~ 70 degrees in step four, the welding effect that is in this angle and carries out the welding is better, can improve the quality of welding seam, avoids producing more gas pocket in the welding seam, has effectually improved welding quality.
And fifthly, cleaning the forged steel part by using a cleaning agent after polishing and grinding, removing residual impurities on the surface of the forged steel part, avoiding more solder residues remained on the welding line, and improving the surface cleanliness of the forged steel part.
And fifthly, polishing the surface smoothness of the welding seam to 0.50-0.1 micron, ensuring the surface roughness of the welding seam, improving the smoothness of the welding seam and improving the quality of the welding seam.
In conclusion, the welding process for producing the forged steel part can select different welding modes according to the actual size of the part through the steps I, II, III, IV and V, is flexible, can select the most suitable welding mode, can improve the welding precision, greatly reduces the width of a welding seam, ensures that the welding seam is smaller, ensures that the welding position of the forged steel part is higher in stability, has less residual welding flux on the forged steel part, is smooth and flat, and has higher surface quality.
It should be noted that the term "comprises/comprising" when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of stated elements, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof, but does not exclude the presence or addition of other elements, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The production welding process of the forged steel part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, selecting materials: selecting accessories of the forged steel part, wherein the welding interfaces of the accessories are required to be tidy and smooth, the butt joint interfaces of the accessories cannot be uneven, and the butt joint interfaces of the accessories can be tightly attached together;
step two, cleaning: the parts are demagnetized by using a demagnetizer, the parts are demagnetized in batch for medium and small-sized parts, the parts are placed on the demagnetizer provided with a track and a carriage and are demagnetized, when demagnetized, the parts are placed on the carriage and are positioned 30cm in front of a coil, when the coil is electrified, the parts slowly pass through the coil along the track and are at least 1m away from the coil to be powered off, for heavy or large-sized workpieces which cannot be demagnetized on the demagnetizer, the coil can be sleeved on the workpiece, when electrified, the coil slowly passes through the coil and is away from the workpiece, at least 1m away from the coil, the power is off, after demagnetization, a cleaning agent is used for cleaning the interface of the parts, and dirt at the interface of the parts is removed;
step three, pressing: assembling the fittings into a forged steel piece, pressing the forged steel piece by using pressing equipment, pressing the assembled fittings together, reducing gaps among the fittings, and arranging an air groove on one side of each fitting, wherein the air groove is communicated with the butt joint gap of the fittings;
step four, welding: according to different shapes of accessories, different welding modes are adopted, when a splicing gap at the butt joint of the accessories is more than 0.3mm, a welding machine is used for spot welding, two patches are connected at the butt joint of the accessories, the fusion depth is fully covered and more than 0.7 wall thickness is achieved, a welding wire of the welding machine is tightly attached to the spot welding position, so that the welding wire is tightly attached to the side wall of an electric welding point, an electrode of the welding machine is placed on a welding position, parameters of the welding machine are set, edge distance, lap joint quantity, point distance, assembly gap and welding point strength numerical values are set, the edge distance parameter is set according to the minimum distance of the accessories, the adjacent point distance parameter is the center distance of two points, the minimum distance is related to the thickness, the electric conductivity, the surface cleanliness and the diameter of a nugget, then the size of current is controlled by a controller for changing the current of each point, the welding wire is attached to the joint of, the welding position is smooth and linear, and the weld reinforcement between the multiple layers after welding is less than 0.4 mm;
step five, grinding and polishing: and during polishing, a polishing machine is used for polishing, and a polishing wheel rotating at a high speed is pressed to a welding position, so that the grinding material rolls and cuts the surface of the welding pipe body in a micro-scale manner to form a bright processing surface.
2. The forged steel piece production welding process according to claim 1, wherein: and detecting the interior of the accessory by using flaw detection equipment during material selection in the first step, and detecting whether flaws and dark damages exist in the interior of the accessory.
3. The forged steel piece production welding process according to claim 1, wherein: and the second step needs to be repeated for 2-3 times during cleaning.
4. The forged steel piece production welding process according to claim 1, wherein: and after the three parts are pressed together, a circle of groove is formed on the outer side of the butt joint surface, and the groove is U-shaped.
5. The forged steel piece production welding process according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, an included angle between the welding wire and the horizontal plane of the welding direction is 50-70 degrees.
6. The forged steel piece production welding process according to claim 1, wherein: and fifthly, cleaning the forged steel piece by using a cleaning agent after polishing and grinding, and removing the residual impurities on the surface of the forged steel piece.
7. The forged steel piece production welding process according to claim 1, wherein: and fifthly, polishing the surface smoothness of the welding seam to 0.50-0.1 micrometer.
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| CN202010383472.5A CN111408909A (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Production welding process for forged steel parts |
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| CN202010383472.5A CN111408909A (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Production welding process for forged steel parts |
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| US20020014514A1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2002-02-07 | Takao Shimizu | Metal-pipe bonded body, pipe expansion method of metal-pipe bonded body, and method for inspecting metal-pipe bonded body |
| CN103456457A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Demagnetizing method of high-strength steel narrow-gap welding groove |
| CN105729058A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-07-06 | 重庆晨宇机床制造有限公司 | Assembling and welding method for manufacturing drums |
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