CN111408751A

CN111408751A - Front-mounted full-stroke pneumatic chuck

Info

Publication number: CN111408751A
Application number: CN202010423638.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马建润
Original assignee: Changzhou Dairuike Mechanical And Electrical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Dairuike Mechanical And Electrical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-19
Filing date: 2020-05-19
Publication date: 2020-07-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a front-mounted full-stroke pneumatic chuck, which comprises a chuck main body, an inner sleeve, a base assembly, a gas distribution ring assembly and a driven wheel, wherein the chuck main body, the inner sleeve, the base assembly, the gas distribution ring assembly and the driven wheel are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the chuck; a cavity is arranged between the chuck main body and the inner sleeve, and a driving assembly is arranged in the cavity; the chuck main body comprises a chuck body made of aluminum; the front end of the chuck body is provided with a jaw assembly; the base assembly comprises a bearing and a base; the bearing comprises a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring; the front end and the rear end of the bearing inner ring are respectively fixedly connected with the inner sleeve and the gas distribution ring assembly, and the bearing outer ring is fixedly connected with the base; the driving assembly comprises a flange assembly and a pneumatic assembly; the pneumatic assembly is communicated with an external air source through the air distribution ring assembly and is suitable for driving the jaw assembly to move. The invention effectively shortens the cutting tailing of the pneumatic chuck and reduces the inertia of the pneumatic chuck.

Description

Front-mounted full-stroke pneumatic chuck

Technical Field

The invention relates to a laser cutting machine part, in particular to a front full-stroke pneumatic chuck.

Background

Laser cutting is the most important application technology in the laser processing industry, and has the characteristics of high speed, high precision, no deformation of workpieces and the like, so that the laser cutting technology is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, rolling stock manufacturing, aviation, chemical engineering, light industry, electrical appliances, electronics, petroleum, metallurgy and the like. In recent years, laser cutting technology has developed rapidly, and the laser cutting technology has increased at a rate of 20% to 30% every year internationally. China has increased more than 25% per year since 1985. Because the laser industry foundation in China is poor, the application of the laser processing technology is not common, the overall level of laser processing is still far from the advanced state, and the obstacles and the defects are believed to be solved along with the continuous progress of the laser processing technology. The laser cutting technology is bound to become an important pipe processing means indispensable in the 21 st century. The wide application market of laser cutting processing and the rapid development of modern science and technology enable domestic and foreign science and technology workers to conduct continuous research on laser cutting processing technology, and the laser cutting technology is promoted to develop continuously forward.

Along with the increasing expansion of the market of laser pipe cutting machines, the use of pneumatic chucks is more and more, but the problems of long cutting tailings, large self inertia and the like generally exist in the pneumatic chucks used by laser complete machine factories at present, and a chuck with superior performance is urgently needed to replace a simple and crude chuck which cannot fully meet the cutting target at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a front-mounted full-stroke pneumatic chuck, which effectively shortens the cutting tailing of the pneumatic chuck and reduces the inertia of the pneumatic chuck.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a front-mounted full-stroke pneumatic chuck comprises a chuck main body, an inner sleeve, a base assembly, an air distribution ring assembly and a driven wheel which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the chuck; a cavity is arranged between the chuck main body and the inner sleeve, and a driving assembly is arranged in the cavity; the chuck body comprises a chuck body of an aluminum material; the front end of the chuck body is provided with a jaw assembly; the base assembly comprises a bearing and a base; the bearing comprises a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring; the front end and the rear end of the bearing inner ring are respectively fixedly connected with the inner sleeve and the gas distribution ring assembly, and the bearing outer ring is fixedly connected with the base; the driving assembly comprises a flange assembly and a pneumatic assembly; the pneumatic assembly is communicated with an external air source through the air distribution ring assembly and is suitable for driving the jaw assembly to move. .

Further, the chuck main body also comprises an outer sleeve and a chuck back plate; the rear end of the inner ring of the chuck body is fixedly connected with the front end of the inner sleeve; the front end and the rear end of the outer sleeve are respectively fixedly connected with the rear end of the outer ring of the chuck body and the chuck back plate; the inner sleeve, the chuck body, the outer sleeve and the chuck back plate form the cavity together; the pneumatic assembly is fixedly arranged on the chuck back plate.

Further, the chuck body is equipped with the sliding part with jack catch subassembly matched with, the sliding part is equipped with the boss, boss both sides limit is equipped with the friction strip, the up end of friction strip is higher than the boss up end, avoids jack catch subassembly direct contact boss, reduces the sliding friction area of jack catch subassembly and chuck body, reduces frictional force, makes the jack catch subassembly remove more smoothly.

Further, the inner sleeve is made of 45 steel forgings.

Furthermore, the rear portion of the inner sleeve is provided with a flange portion, first air passages which incline along the axial direction and extend outwards to the rear end face of the inner sleeve are symmetrically arranged in the flange portion, and air vents communicated with the outside along the radial direction are arranged at the front ends of the first air passages.

Further, the flange assembly comprises an inner flange plate and an outer flange plate arranged at the rear end of the inner flange plate; the inner flange plate and the outer flange plate are both arranged in the chuck body and sleeved on the front part of the inner sleeve; and roller pins are arranged between the inner ring of the inner flange plate and the inner ring of the outer flange plate and the inner sleeve.

Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve and the roller pin which are in mutual friction contact is quenched, so that the service life of the inner sleeve is prolonged.

Furthermore, the inner flange plate and the outer flange plate are made of 42CrMo forged pieces, and are subjected to pretreatment, ultrasonic flaw detection, rough milling, quenching and tempering, and nitriding treatment after machining and finish machining to obtain finished products. Compared with the plates commonly adopted in the prior art, the performance and the service life of the adopted forged piece are far superior to those of the plates. The inner flange and the outer flange are subjected to pretreatment, ultrasonic flaw detection and rough milling, then thermal refining is carried out, nitriding treatment and finish machining are carried out to obtain finished products after machining, the parts are large in outer diameter, large in inner hole and thin in thickness, the traditional process is adopted, ultrasonic flaw detection and rough milling are avoided, thermal refining is directly carried out, uniformity of thermal refining hardness is poor, direct machining is carried out again, finally nitriding treatment is carried out to obtain finished products, machining deformation is large, the semi-finished products are machined by the process and then nitriding treatment is carried out, and finally, finished products are finished by finish machining, so that rejection rate is greatly reduced, and machining precision is improved.

Further, the pneumatic assembly comprises a first cylinder assembly and a second cylinder assembly; the first cylinder assembly comprises a first cylinder and a first guide pin; the first guide pin is fixedly connected with the outer flange plate; the second cylinder assembly comprises a second cylinder and a second guide pin; and the second guide pin penetrates through the outer flange plate and is fixedly connected with the inner flange plate.

Further, the jaw assembly comprises two pairs of symmetrically arranged jaw mechanisms; the jaw mechanism is provided with a protective cover connected with the chuck body, so that the integral sealing performance of the chuck is improved, and the dustproof effect is achieved; the jaw mechanism comprises a jaw, a sliding block, a long sliding pin and a short sliding pin.

Furthermore, two side edges of the sliding block are provided with pressing strips which are suitable for limiting the sliding block (93) to move along the radial direction of the chuck; the pressing strip is made of stainless steel materials; the pressing strip needs to be subjected to quenching and tempering and surface quenching, so that the pressing strip is more wear-resistant and has longer service life.

Further, the stainless steel is 30Cr 13.

Furthermore, the upper end face of the pressing strip is provided with a dust cover baffle extending to the outer side of the pressing strip, so that the pressing strip is prevented from being abraded by the protective cover when the clamping jaws move.

Furthermore, a positioning key groove is formed in the middle of the bottom of the base.

Further, the base is the integral type, and stable in structure and compacter.

Furthermore, the bearing inner ring is symmetrically provided with second air passages which are communicated with the first air passages on the inner sleeve and are along the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the inner hole of the base is provided with a step, so that the bearing is convenient to position and mount.

Furthermore, a first oil hole is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the base; and a second oil hole communicated with the first oil hole is formed in the bearing.

Further, the gas distribution ring assembly comprises a gas sealing disc, and a sealing support ring and a sealing gland which are sequentially sleeved on the gas sealing disc; the two sides of the sealing support ring are respectively provided with an air channel groove communicated with the air sealing disc and the sealing gland, and a rubber sealing ring is arranged in the air channel groove; the sealing gland is fixedly connected to the air sealing disc; two ends of the gas sealing disc are respectively and fixedly connected with the rear end of the bearing inner ring and the driven wheel; and the peripheral surface of the sealing support ring is provided with an oil cup, an air inlet and an air outlet. The gas distribution ring assembly comprises a gas sealing disc, a sealing support ring and a sealing gland, wherein the sealing support ring and the sealing gland are sleeved on the gas sealing disc; the sealing gland and the air sealing disc are respectively arranged on two sides of the sealing support ring; the sealing gland is fixedly connected to the air sealing disc; the air sealing disc is fixedly connected to the bearing inner ring; the driven wheel is fixedly connected with the air sealing disc; and the peripheral surface of the sealing support ring is provided with an oil cup, an air inlet and an air outlet.

Furthermore, a third air passage and a fourth air passage which are respectively communicated with the second air passage of the bearing inner ring are arranged on the air-tight sealing disc; a fifth air passage is arranged on the sealing gland; the fourth air passage is communicated with the fifth air passage.

Further, the rubber sealing ring is in axial clearance fit with the gas circuit groove; a plurality of air holes are uniformly distributed on the sealing ring; and the third air passage and the fifth air passage are respectively communicated with the air passage grooves at two sides through air holes.

Furthermore, a limiting plate fixedly connected with the base is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing support ring; and the limiting plate is provided with a proximity switch.

Furthermore, grooves are formed in two sides of the sealing support ring, balls are arranged in the grooves, a roller pin is arranged in an inner hole of the sealing support ring, friction force is small when the sealing support ring and the sealing gland and the air sealing disc rotate mutually, and the sealing support ring and the air sealing disc rotate more smoothly.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the chuck is provided with a chuck main body, an inner sleeve, a base assembly, an air distribution ring assembly and a driven wheel which are sequentially connected along the axial direction; a cavity is arranged between the chuck main body and the inner sleeve, and a driving assembly is arranged in the cavity; the overall axial size of the chuck with the structure is reduced, and the cutting tailings of the pneumatic chuck are effectively shortened.

2. The chuck body is made of aluminum, so that the weight is greatly reduced compared with that of a common steel chuck, the inertia of the chuck body is reduced, meanwhile, the cast aluminum processing period is short, the production efficiency is high, in addition, the processing allowance can be reduced through precise aluminum casting, and the output of the chuck body is improved.

3. The inner flange and the outer flange are arranged inside the chuck body, so that the integral axial distance of the chuck is further reduced, and the rolling needles are arranged between the inner ring of the inner flange and the inner ring of the outer flange and the inner sleeve, so that the friction force between the inner flange and the inner sleeve is greatly reduced.

4. The four-jaw self-centering chuck is provided with two independent cylinder assemblies, the four jaw mechanisms are linked in pairs and self-centering without mutual interference action through the inner flange and the outer flange, and meanwhile, the full-stroke chuck is realized through the transmission mode, the positions of the jaws do not need to be adjusted, and the use is convenient.

5. The protective cover connected with the chuck body is arranged on the clamping jaw mechanism, so that the dustproof effect is achieved, and the phenomenon that waste scraps enter the clamping jaw mechanism when a pipe is cut to influence the smooth operation of the clamping jaw is avoided.

6. The two side edges of the sliding block are provided with the pressing strips subjected to quenching and tempering and surface quenching, so that the sliding block is more wear-resistant and has longer service life.

7. The middle position of the bottom of the base is provided with the positioning key groove, so that the laser cutting machine base is convenient to mount with a laser cutting machine.

8. The outer peripheral surface of the base is provided with a first oil hole; the bearing is provided with a second oil hole communicated with the first oil hole, so that oil can be directly filled into the bearing from the outside, and later maintenance is convenient.

9. The invention adopts a gas distribution ring gas inlet structure, and the chuck can not rotate when a part is clamped; after the parts are clamped, one-way pressure maintaining of the gas path is realized through a check valve in the gas path, the pressure maintaining time can be as long as more than 12 hours, and the influence of sudden gas cut-off during product processing can be avoided.

10. The oil cup is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing support ring, so that oil can be automatically supplemented, the oil cup is convenient to use, and meanwhile, the oil cup is provided with the air inlet and the air outlet, so that the oil cup is convenient to connect with an external air source.

11. According to the invention, the air channel grooves are formed in the two sides of the sealing support ring, the rubber sealing rings are arranged in the air channel grooves, and the rubber sealing rings can axially move along the air channel grooves when the air channel is reversed, so that the tightness of air channel reversing is well ensured.

12. The outer peripheral surface of the support ring is provided with a limiting plate fixedly connected with the base, so that the sealing support ring is prevented from rotating along with the machine tool spindle; the limiting plate is provided with the proximity switch, so that the rotation angle of the chuck can be sensed, and the processing requirement of needing a special rotation angle can be met conveniently.

Drawings

In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view at a.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of B.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view at C.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a driving assembly according to the present invention (the external flange is not shown).

The reference numbers in the drawings are:

the chuck comprises a chuck body 1, a sliding part 11, a boss 111 and a friction strip 12;

an inner sleeve 2, a flange 21, a first air passage 22, and a vent 221;

the base component 3, the bearing 31, the bearing inner ring 311, the bearing outer ring 312, the base 32, the positioning key slot 321 and the second air channel 33;

the gas distribution ring assembly 4, the gas sealing disc 41, the third gas channel 411, the fourth gas channel 412, the sealing support ring 42, the oil cup 421, the gas inlet 422, the gas outlet 423, the gas channel groove 424, the rubber sealing ring 425, the groove 426, the sealing gland 43, the fifth gas channel 431, the limiting plate 44 and the proximity switch 45;

a driven wheel 5;

an outer cover 6;

a chuck back plate 7;

the pneumatic assembly comprises a driving mechanism 8, a flange assembly 81, an inner flange plate 811, a first arc-shaped guide groove 8111, a first arc-shaped accommodating groove 8112, a first movable space 8113, an outer flange plate 812, a second arc-shaped guide groove 8121, a second arc-shaped accommodating groove 8122, a second movable space 8123, a pneumatic assembly 82, a first cylinder 821, a first guide pin 822, a first cylinder mounting pin 823, a second cylinder 824, a second guide pin 825 and a second cylinder mounting pin 826;

jaw assembly 9, shield 91, jaws 92, slide block 93, short slide pin 94, long slide pin 95, bead 96, dust guard 97.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

(example 1)

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the front-mounted pneumatic chuck of the present embodiment includes a chuck body 1, an inner sleeve 2, a base assembly 3, a gas distribution ring assembly 4, and a driven wheel 5, which are closely arranged in sequence along an axial direction of the chuck. Chuck body 1 adopts cast aluminium spare, reduces greatly for general steel chuck weight, has reduced chuck body 1's inertia, and cast aluminium processing cycle is short simultaneously, and production efficiency is fast, and through accurate aluminum casting, also can reduce the machining allowance, improves chuck body 1's output. The rear end of the chuck body 1 is provided with an outer sleeve 6, and the rear end of the outer sleeve 6 is provided with a chuck back plate 7; an annular cavity is formed among the chuck body 1, the outer sleeve 6, the inner sleeve 2 and the chuck back plate 7, and a driving mechanism 8 arranged on the chuck back plate 7 is arranged in the annular cavity; the front end of the chuck body 1 is provided with a jaw component 9; the drive assembly 8 includes a flange assembly 81 and a pneumatic assembly 82; the pneumatic assembly 82 is in communication with an external gas source through the gas distribution ring assembly 4 and is adapted to drive the pneumatic assembly 82. The whole axial dimension of this embodiment chuck reduces, has effectively shortened air chuck's cutting tails.

Chuck body 1 is equipped with the sliding part 11 with jack catch subassembly 9 matched with, and sliding part 11 is equipped with boss 111, and boss 111 both sides limit is equipped with rubbing strip 12, and the up end of rubbing strip 12 is higher than the up end of boss 111, avoids jack catch subassembly 9 direct contact boss 111, reduces jack catch subassembly 9 and chuck body 1's sliding friction area, reduces frictional force, makes jack catch subassembly 9 remove more smoothly.

The inner sleeve 2 is a 45-steel forged piece, and compared with a forged piece which is generally made of a steel plate, the forged piece is excellent in performance.

The rear part of the inner sleeve 2 is provided with a flange part 21, a first air passage 22 which extends outwards along the axial direction in an inclined way to the rear end surface of the inner sleeve 2 is symmetrically arranged in the flange part 21, and the front end of the first air passage 22 is provided with a vent hole 221 which is communicated with the outside along the radial direction.

The flange assembly 81 includes an inner flange 811 and an outer flange 812 disposed at a rear end of the inner flange 811; the inner flange plate 811 and the outer flange plate 812 are both arranged inside the chuck body 1 and are sleeved at the front part of the inner sleeve 2, so that the integral axial distance of the chuck is further reduced; roller pins are arranged between the inner ring of the inner flange 811 and the inner ring of the outer flange 812 and the inner sleeve 2. The outer peripheral surface of the inner sleeve 2 in mutual frictional contact with the roller pin is quenched, so that the hardness of the inner sleeve 2 is improved, the service life of the inner sleeve 2 is further prolonged, the service life is only 1-2 years generally, and the service life of the quenched inner sleeve can reach more than 5 years.

A pair of first arc-shaped guide grooves 8111, a pair of first arc-shaped accommodating grooves 8112 and a pair of first movable spaces 8113 are formed in the inner flange 811; a pair of second arc-shaped guide grooves 8121, a pair of second arc-shaped accommodating grooves 8122 and a second movable space 8123 are arranged on the outer flange 812; the second arc-shaped guide slot 8121 is located in the region of the first active space 8113.

Circular through holes are formed in the inner flange 811 and the outer flange 812, so that the mass of the flanges is reduced, and the integral rotational inertia of the chuck is further reduced; in addition, the inner flange plate 811 and the outer flange plate 812 both adopt 42CrMo forged pieces, and compared with plates commonly adopted in the prior art, the performance and the service life of the forged pieces are far superior to those of the plates. Firstly, carrying out pretreatment, normalizing at 890-910 ℃ and preferably 900 ℃ in the embodiment, carrying out heat preservation for 6-8h, and carrying out air cooling; the high-temperature tempering temperature is 560-600 ℃, the temperature is preferably 580 ℃ in the embodiment, and the temperature is kept for 6-8 h; the hardness is controlled to be 180-220 HBS. And testing the chemical components, nonmetallic inclusions, grain size and mechanical properties of the alloy. The chemical components meet the requirements of GB/T3077-2015 standards; c, carbon C: 0.38-0.45%, Si: 0.17-0.37%, Mn: 0.50-0.80%, S: allowable residual content is less than or equal to 0.035%, phosphorus P: allowable residual content is less than or equal to 0.035%, Cr: 0.90-1.20%, Ni: allowable residual content is less than or equal to 0.30%, Cu: allowable residual content is less than or equal to 0.30%, molybdenum Mo: 0.15 to 0.25 percent. The nonmetallic inclusion meets the GB/T10561-2005 standard requirement; the class A, the class B, the class C, the class D and the class DS are not more than 2.5. The grain size meets the requirement of GB/T6934-2002 standard, and the grain size is not less than 6 grade. The mechanical property meets the requirement of GB/T3077-2015 standard; the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1080Mpa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 930Mpa, and the elongation after fracture is more than or equal to 12 percent; the reduction of area is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the impact absorption energy is more than or equal to 63J. Then ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to the requirements of JB/T5000.15-2007 No. II requirements of nondestructive flaw detection of forged steel parts under general technical conditions of heavy machinery. And then carrying out semi-finish turning and rough milling, wherein the allowance is 6-8 mm for each excircle, inner hole and end surface, and the allowance is 5-6 mm for each groove and hole rough milling, and then carrying out quenching and tempering treatment, so that the quenching and tempering hardness uniformity is better. And then carrying out finish turning and finish milling, wherein the allowance of the excircle and the inner hole with tolerance is 0.8-1.0 mm, the allowance of the surface with tolerance in thickness is 0.4-0.5 mm, the allowance of the groove and the hole is 0.8-1.0 mm, and the stress relief annealing treatment is carried out, wherein the annealing temperature is generally controlled to 530-550 ℃, and 540 ℃ is preferably selected in the embodiment. Finish turning and finish milling, wherein allowance of an excircle and an inner hole with tolerance is 0.3-0.4 mm, allowance of a surface with tolerance in thickness is 0.15-0.2 mm, and allowance of grooves and holes with tolerance is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the rest sizes are processed to be finished products. Carrying out artificial aging treatment on the part, wherein the artificial aging temperature is 160-200 ℃, the temperature is preferably 180 ℃ in the embodiment, the temperature is kept for 10-12 h, coarse grinding is carried out on the part by a numerical control vertical grinding machine, the allowance of each excircle and inner hole with tolerance is 0.05-0.1 mm, the allowance of each surface with tolerance is 0.05-0.1 mm, each groove and each hole are subjected to finish milling, the allowance of each groove and each hole with tolerance is 0.1-0.15 mm, the whole part is subjected to nitriding treatment, the depth of a nitriding layer is 0.3-0.5 mm, the hardness is not less than 550HV, and the part has excellent wear resistance, fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance; and (3) finely grinding the outer circle, the inner hole and the surface of each tolerance to a finished product on the upper numerical control vertical grinding machine, and finely milling the holes and the grooves with each tolerance to the finished product. The part is large in outer diameter, large in inner hole and thin in thickness, the traditional process is adopted, ultrasonic flaw detection and rough milling are not needed, tempering treatment is directly carried out, the uniformity of the tempering hardness is poor, direct machining is carried out again, finally, nitriding treatment is carried out to prepare a finished product, the machining deformation is large, the part is machined into a semi-finished product by the process machine, then nitriding treatment is carried out, and finally, finish machining is carried out to obtain the finished product, so that the rejection rate is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the machining precision is improved.

The pneumatic assembly 82 includes a first cylinder assembly and a second cylinder assembly; the first cylinder assembly includes a first cylinder 821 and a first guide pin 822; the first guide pin 822 is fixedly connected with the outer flange 812; one side of first cylinder 821 rotates and is connected with first cylinder installation round pin 823, and the one end fixed mounting of first cylinder installation round pin 823 is on chuck backplate 7, and the other end passes second arc holding tank 8122 of outer ring flange 812 and the first arc holding tank 8112 of interior ring flange 811. The second cylinder assembly includes a second cylinder 824 and a second guide pin 825; one side of the second cylinder 824 is rotatably provided with a second cylinder mounting pin 826, the second guide pin 825 penetrates through the second movable space 8123 of the outer flange 812 and is fixedly connected with the inner flange 811, one end of the second cylinder mounting pin 826 is fixedly mounted on the chuck back plate 7, and the other end of the second cylinder mounting pin penetrates through the second arc-shaped receiving groove 8122 of the outer flange 812 and the first arc-shaped receiving groove 8112 of the inner flange 811.

The jaw assembly 9 comprises two pairs of symmetrically arranged jaw mechanisms; the protective cover 91 connected with the chuck body is arranged on the clamping jaw mechanism, so that the overall sealing performance of the chuck is improved, a dustproof effect is achieved, and the phenomenon that waste scraps enter the clamping jaw mechanism when a pipe is cut to influence the smooth operation of the clamping jaw mechanism is avoided; the jaw mechanisms comprise jaws 92 and sliding blocks 93, wherein one pair of the jaw mechanisms is provided with short sliding pins 94, the short sliding pins 94 are respectively arranged in first arc-shaped guide grooves 8111 of the inner flange plate 811, the other pair of the jaw mechanisms is provided with long sliding pins 95, and the long sliding pins 95 respectively penetrate through first movable spaces 8113 of the inner flange plate 811 and are arranged in second arc-shaped guide grooves 8121 of the outer flange plate 812.

Two sides of the sliding block 93 are provided with pressing strips 96 which are suitable for limiting the sliding block 93 to move along the radial direction of the chuck; the pressing strip 96 is made of 30Cr 13; the pressing strip 96 needs to be subjected to quenching and tempering and surface quenching, so that the pressing strip 96 is more wear-resistant and has longer service life. The upper end face of the pressing strip 96 is provided with a dust cover baffle 97 extending to the outer side of the pressing strip 96, so that the protective cover 91 is prevented from wearing the pressing strip 96 when the claw 92 moves.

The base assembly 3 comprises a bearing 31 and a base 32; bearing 31 includes bearing inner race 311 and bearing outer race 312; the bearing inner ring 311 is fixedly connected with the inner sleeve 2, and the bearing outer ring 312 is fixedly connected with the base 32; base 32 formula as an organic whole, stable in structure and compacter, the bottom intermediate position is equipped with location keyway 321, the convenience is installed with laser cutting machine. The inner hole of the base 32 is provided with a step, which is convenient for positioning and mounting the bearing 31. The bearing inner ring 311 is symmetrically provided with a second air passage 33 which is communicated with the first air passage 22 on the inner sleeve 2 and is along the horizontal direction. A first oil hole is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the base 32; the bearing 31 is provided with a second oil hole communicated with the first oil hole, so that oil can be directly filled into the bearing 31 from the outside, and later maintenance is convenient.

The gas distribution ring assembly 4 comprises a gas sealing disc 41, a sealing support ring 42 and a sealing gland 43 which are sleeved on the gas sealing disc 41; the gland 43 and the air seal disk 41 are respectively arranged on two sides of the seal support ring 42. The gland 43 and the gas sealing disk 41 are fixedly connected to the bearing inner ring 311 through an inner hexagonal nut. In the embodiment, the gas distribution ring component 4 is adopted, and the chuck cannot rotate when a part is clamped; after the parts are clamped, one-way pressure maintaining of the air path is realized through a check valve in an external air path, the pressure maintaining time can be more than 12 hours, and the influence of sudden air cut-off during product processing can be avoided. The driven wheel 5 is fixedly connected with the air sealing disc 41; the sealing support ring 42 is provided with an oil cup 421 on the outer peripheral surface, which can automatically supplement oil, is convenient to use, and is provided with an air inlet 422 and an air outlet 423 at the same time, so that the sealing support ring is convenient to be connected with an external air source. And a third air passage 411 and a fourth air passage 412 which are respectively communicated with the second air passage 33 of the bearing inner ring 311 are arranged on the air sealing disc 41. Air path grooves 424 are formed in two sides of the sealing support ring 42, and rubber sealing rings 425 are installed in the air path grooves 424; the rubber sealing ring 425 is in axial clearance fit with the air passage groove 424; a plurality of air holes are uniformly distributed on the rubber sealing ring 425; rubber seal 425 can follow gas circuit groove 424 axial displacement when the gas circuit commutates, if left side gas circuit groove 424 when admitting air, rubber seal 425 moves left along gas circuit groove 424 at atmospheric pressure effect to closely laminate with the left gas seal dish 41 of sealed support ring 42, realize sealed function, fine assurance gas circuit commutate's leakproofness. The third air passage 411 is communicated with the left air passage groove 424 through air holes; a fifth air passage 431 is arranged on the sealing gland 43, the fourth air passage 412 is communicated with the fifth air passage 431, and the fifth air passage 431 is communicated with the right air passage groove 424 through air holes; a limiting plate 44 fixedly connected with the base 32 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing support ring 42 to prevent the sealing support ring 42 from rotating along with the machine tool spindle; the limiting plate 44 is provided with a proximity switch 45, and the gas sealing disc can sense the rotation angle of the chuck, so that the processing requirement of special rotation angle can be met conveniently. The two sides of the sealing support ring 42 are provided with grooves 426, balls are arranged in the grooves 426, and the inner hole of the sealing support ring 42 is provided with a roller pin, so that the friction force is small when the sealing support ring 42 and the sealing gland 43 and the air sealing disc 41 rotate mutually, and the rotation is smoother.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when air is supplied, an external air source enters the left air path groove 424 through the air inlet 422 of the sealing support ring 42 and is sequentially communicated with the air vent 221 along the third air path 411, the second air path 33 and the first air path 22, and the air vent 221 is respectively communicated with the first air cylinder 821 and the second air cylinder 824 through air pipes, so that power is provided for the air cylinder movement; during air exhaust, the first cylinder 821 and the second cylinder 824 are respectively communicated with the other vent hole 221 which is symmetrically arranged through an air pipe, enter the right air channel groove 424 of the sealing support ring 42 along the other first air channel 22, the second air channel 33, the fourth air channel 412 and the fifth air channel 431 which are symmetrically arranged in sequence, and are communicated with an external air source through the air outlet 423. It should be noted that the air inlet 422 and the air outlet 423 are opposite, and air can enter from the air inlet 422 and also enter from the air outlet 423, so as to realize the reciprocating motion of the air cylinder.

The chuck is mounted on a laser cutting machine, and the reduction gear drives the driven wheel 5 to rotate, thereby driving the air sealing disc 41, the bearing inner ring 311, the inner sleeve 2, and the chuck body 1 to rotate. The four-jaw self-centering mechanism is provided with two independent cylinder assemblies, and the four jaw mechanisms are linked in pairs and self-centered through the inner flange and the outer flange without mutual interference. When a part is clamped, the chuck does not rotate, the first cylinder 821 drives the first guide pin 822 to move so as to drive the outer flange 812 to rotate along a certain angle, and the short sliding pin 94 is forced to slide along the first arc-shaped guide groove 8111 of the inner flange 811, so that the movement of a pair of jaw mechanisms is realized; similarly, the second cylinder 82 drives the second guide pin 825 to move so as to drive the inner flange 811 to rotate along a certain angle, and the long sliding pin 95 is forced to slide along the second arc-shaped guide slot 8121 of the outer flange 812, so that another pair of jaw mechanisms can move, and the part can be clamped. By adopting the structure, the full-stroke design of the jaw mechanism can be realized, the position of the jaw mechanism does not need to be adjusted, and the use is convenient.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a forward formula full stroke air chuck which characterized in that: the gas distribution ring assembly comprises a chuck main body, an inner sleeve (2), a base assembly (3), a gas distribution ring assembly (4) and a driven wheel (5) which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the chuck; a cavity is arranged between the chuck main body and the inner sleeve (2), and a driving assembly (8) is arranged in the cavity; the chuck body comprises a chuck body (1) of an aluminium material; the front end of the chuck body (1) is provided with a jaw component (9); the base assembly (3) comprises a bearing (31) and a base (32); the bearing (31) comprises a bearing inner ring (311) and a bearing outer ring (312); the front end and the rear end of the bearing inner ring (311) are respectively fixedly connected with the inner sleeve (2) and the gas distribution ring component (4), and the bearing outer ring (312) is fixedly connected with the base (32); the drive assembly (8) comprises a flange assembly (81) and a pneumatic assembly (82); the pneumatic assembly (82) is communicated with an external air source through the air distribution ring assembly (4) and is suitable for driving the jaw assembly (9) to move.

2. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the chuck body further comprises an outer sleeve (6) and a chuck back plate (7); the rear end of the inner ring of the chuck body (1) is fixedly connected with the front end of the inner sleeve (2); the front end and the rear end of the outer sleeve (6) are respectively fixedly connected with the rear end of the outer ring of the chuck body (1) and the chuck back plate (7); the inner sleeve (2), the chuck body (1), the outer sleeve (6) and the chuck back plate (7) form the cavity together; the pneumatic assembly (82) is fixedly mounted on the chuck back plate.

3. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the flange component (81) comprises an inner flange plate (811) and an outer flange plate (812) arranged at the rear end of the inner flange plate (811); the inner flange plate (811) and the outer flange plate (812) are both arranged inside the chuck body (1) and sleeved on the inner sleeve (2); roller pins are arranged between the inner ring of the inner flange plate (811) and the inner ring of the outer flange plate (812) and the inner sleeve (2).

4. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the pneumatic assembly (82) comprises a first cylinder assembly and a second cylinder assembly; the first cylinder assembly includes a first cylinder (821) and a first guide pin (822); the first guide pin (822) is fixedly connected with the outer flange plate (812); the second cylinder assembly includes a second cylinder (824) and a second guide pin (825); the second guide pin (825) penetrates through the outer flange plate (812) and is fixedly connected with the inner flange plate (811).

5. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the jaw assembly (9) comprises two pairs of symmetrically arranged jaw mechanisms; the jaw mechanism is provided with a protective cover (91) connected with the chuck body (1); the jaw mechanism comprises a jaw (92), a sliding block (93), a short sliding pin (94) and a long sliding pin (95).

6. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 5, wherein: pressing strips (96) suitable for limiting the sliding block (93) to move along the radial direction of the chuck are arranged on two side edges of the sliding block (93); the pressing strip (96) is made of stainless steel material; the pressing strip (96) is subjected to quenching and tempering and surface quenching.

7. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a positioning key groove (321) is formed in the middle of the bottom of the base (32).

8. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a first oil hole is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the base (32); and a second oil hole communicated with the first oil hole is formed in the bearing (31).

9. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the gas distribution ring assembly (4) comprises a gas sealing disc (41), and a sealing support ring (42) and a sealing gland (43) which are sequentially sleeved on the gas sealing disc (41); the two sides of the sealing support ring (42) are respectively provided with an air path groove (424) communicated with the air sealing disc (41) and the sealing gland (43), and a rubber sealing ring (425) is arranged in the air path groove (424); the sealing gland (43) is fixedly connected to the air sealing disc (41); two ends of the air sealing disc (41) are respectively and fixedly connected with the rear end of the bearing inner ring (311) and the driven wheel (5); an oil cup (421), an air inlet (422) and an air outlet (423) are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing support ring (42).

10. The front mounted full stroke air chuck as claimed in claim 9, wherein: a limiting plate (44) fixedly connected with the base (32) is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing support ring (42); and a proximity switch (45) is arranged on the limit plate (44).