CN111408533A - Array generation method of rotating paraboloid transducer, array carrier plate and transducer - Google Patents
Array generation method of rotating paraboloid transducer, array carrier plate and transducer Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
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- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The application provides an array generation method of a rotating paraboloid transducer, an array carrier plate and the transducer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining an undetermined paraboloid array with parameters to be determined, wherein the distances among array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on a preset projection plane are equal; determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, wherein the directivity parameter is used for expressing the relation between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity; determining array element quantity parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameters; and determining the array of the paraboloid-of-revolution transducer according to the array of the paraboloid-of-revolution to be determined, the number parameter of the array elements, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter. Thanks to the self-focusing characteristic of the paraboloid, the directivity generated by the array can be improved by the array arranged in the form of the paraboloid of revolution, and in addition, the design efficiency of the paraboloid of revolution transducer can also be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of instrument manufacturing, in particular to an array generating method of a rotating paraboloid transducer, an array carrier plate and the transducer.
Background
The transducer array is used as an important component of a parametric array signal generation system, and factors such as the ultrasonic carrier frequency, the selection of transducer types, the number of array elements, the array configuration mode and the like can all affect the power and the directivity of output signals. The planar array can be used for realizing beam-focusing emission of sound waves in a three-dimensional space, other conditions in the transducer array are definite, the more the number of array elements is, the larger the ratio of the array element spacing to the wavelength is, the stronger the directivity of the array is, but a certain limit exists, and grating lobes can be caused by continuously increasing the parameters (the number of the array elements, the ratio of the array element spacing to the wavelength).
Therefore, when designing the transducer array, the above factors need to be considered comprehensively, and in the conventional array mode, directivity cannot be pursued at once without controlling the number of array elements; meanwhile, grating lobes should be avoided, and the width of the main lobe should not be too large.
With the prior art for designing transducers, the following problems exist:
(1) the directivity needs to be improved by increasing the number of array elements;
(2) in order to avoid grating lobes, the array element spacing must be controlled within a certain range and the spacing decreases as the radiated acoustic frequency increases, while the transducer itself is sized so that the array element spacing cannot be decreased indefinitely.
Therefore, how to efficiently design a transducer with high directivity to improve the directivity of the transducer as much as possible is a difficult problem in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an array generating method for a paraboloid of revolution transducer, an array carrier plate and a transducer, so as to design a transducer with relatively higher directivity as efficiently as possible.
In order to achieve the above object, embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for generating an array of paraboloid of revolution transducers, including: obtaining an undetermined paraboloid array with parameters to be determined, wherein the distances among array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on a preset projection plane are equal; determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, wherein the directivity parameter is used for expressing the relation between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity; determining array element quantity parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameters; and determining the array of the paraboloid of revolution energy converter according to the array of the paraboloid of revolution to be determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter.
In the embodiment of the application, by designing the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducer, on one hand, the array arranged in the form of the paraboloid of revolution can improve the directivity generated by the array under the condition that the number of the array elements and the spacing between the array elements are fixed, thanks to the self-focusing characteristic of the paraboloid; on the other hand, the directivity parameters capable of effectively reflecting the array directivity are introduced, so that the parameters (such as array element number parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements) of the array with relatively higher directivity can be determined, the design of the array is guided, and the design efficiency of the (array of) the paraboloid of revolution transducer is improved. In addition, compared with a planar array, the array of the paraboloidal of revolution transducer has stronger capability of inhibiting side lobes and grating lobes, can obtain more concentrated sound energy in the direction of the main lobe, and reduces the requirements on the number and the spacing of the transducers.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined includes: determining the directivity of a single array element in the paraboloid array to be determined; determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element; determining a main beam directivity function and a side lobe directivity function in the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined; and determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid array to be determined according to the main beam directivity function and the side lobe directivity function.
In the implementation mode, the directivity of the to-be-determined paraboloid array is further determined by determining the directivity of a single array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid array, and the directivity parameters corresponding to the to-be-determined paraboloid array can be obtained by combining the main beam directivity function and the side lobe directivity function in the directivity of the to-be-determined paraboloid array. The directivity parameters obtained in such a way can effectively reflect the directivity of the paraboloid of revolution array, so that the design of the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducer is guided, and the transducer with better directivity is obtained efficiently.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining the directivity of a single array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid of-revolution array includes: acquiring the radius of a single array element in the paraboloid array to be determined and the wavelength of sound waves correspondingly emitted by the array element; and determining the directivity of the array element according to the radius and the acoustic wave wavelength.
In the implementation mode, the directivity of a single array element can be determined quickly and accurately through the radius of the single array element and the wavelength of the emitted sound wave.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining the directivity of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element includes: determining the amplitude of the response generated by each array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid array; determining the directivity of the discrete point sound source array according to the amplitude of the response generated by each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element; and determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
In the implementation mode, the directivity of the discrete point sound source array can be accurately determined through the amplitude value of the response generated by each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element. And the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined can be determined as quickly and accurately as possible through the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when each array element is homogeneous, the determining the directivity of the paraboloid of revolution to be determined according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element includes: determining the acoustic path difference of each array element relative to the designated origin according to the position parameter corresponding to each array element; determining the phase difference of each array element relative to the main beam direction according to the corresponding acoustic path difference of each array element; determining the directivity of the discrete point sound source array according to the phase difference corresponding to each array element; and determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
In this implementation, when the homogeneous transducer is used as an array element, the amplitude of the response generated by each array element has no influence on the directivity of the discrete point sound source array, so that the process of determining the directivity of the undetermined paraboloid array is simpler and more convenient: determining the acoustic path difference of each array element relative to the designated origin according to the position parameter corresponding to the array element; further determining the phase difference of the array element relative to the main beam direction; therefore, the directivity of the discrete point sound source array is determined, and the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined is further determined. The influence of the amplitude is not needed to be considered, so that the calculation process can be greatly simplified, and the operation efficiency of the method is improved.
With reference to the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameter, an array element number parameter, a focal length parameter, and a space parameter between projected array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined includes: determining the space range of each projected array element according to the acoustic wave wavelength correspondingly emitted by each projected array element and a preset first relation for avoiding the occurrence of grating lobes; determining the array element number range of the paraboloid array to be determined according to a second relation for revealing the directivity parameter and the array element number; determining the focal distance range of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to a third relation used for revealing the directivity parameter and the focal distance; and determining the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter among the array elements of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to the spacing range, the array element number range and the focal length range.
In the implementation mode, the space range, the array element number range and the focal length range of the undetermined paraboloid of revolution array of the projection are determined, so that the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the space parameter among the array elements of the undetermined paraboloid of revolution array are comprehensively determined by combining the ranges of the three, and the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducer with stronger directivity and without grating lobes can be determined as far as possible.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an array generating apparatus for a rotational paraboloid transducer, including: the undetermined array obtaining module is used for obtaining an undetermined paraboloid array with parameters to be determined, wherein the distances among array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on a preset projection plane are equal; the directivity parameter determination module is used for determining the directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, wherein the directivity parameter is used for expressing the relationship between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity; the undetermined parameter determining module is used for determining array element quantity parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameters; and the transducer array determining module is used for determining the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducer according to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter.
In a third aspect, the present embodiments provide a storage medium storing one or more programs, which are executable by one or more processors to implement the method for generating an array of revolver parabolic transducers as described in the first aspect or any of its possible implementation manners.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an array carrier plate for a revolved parabolic transducer, which is applied to the revolved parabolic transducer, and the array carrier plate includes: a plurality of array elements; a paraboloid of revolution carrier plate for carrying a plurality of array elements arranged according to the array obtained by the method for generating an array of paraboloid of revolution transducers according to any one of the first aspect or possible implementations of the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the application, the array carrier plate of the paraboloidal spinner is designed by adopting the array generation method of the paraboloidal spinner, the influence of the array configuration and the transducer array elements on the directivity can be considered at the same time, compared with a planar array, the paraboloidal spinner has stronger capability of inhibiting side lobes and grating lobes, more concentrated sound energy can be obtained in the main lobe direction, and the requirements on the number and the spacing of the transducers are reduced.
With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, a focal length of the paraboloidal rotating carrier is p, and the focal length p is within a first preset range; the number of the array elements is n2Each array element is arranged on the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate, and the distance between the array elements of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate on which the array elements are arranged in the projection of a preset projection plane is dxWherein, in the step (A),
and the wave length of the acoustic wave correspondingly transmitted by the array element is shown, and n is within a second preset range.
In the implementation mode, the range of the focal length, the number of the array elements and the distance between the array elements are limited, so that the generation of grating lobes can be effectively inhibited and the directivity can be improved under the condition of limited array element number and array element distance as far as possible.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, each array element is a homogeneous open-type ultrasonic transducer.
In the implementation mode, the homogeneous open type ultrasonic transducer is adopted, so that the stability of the design of the transducer array carrier plate is facilitated on one hand, and the cost can be saved as much as possible on the other hand.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the diameter of each array element is between 10 and 20 millimeters.
In this implementation, the array elements with a diameter of 10 to 20 mm are used to control the amount of the transducer array carrier plate and the transducers as efficiently as possible.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the distance dxBetween 5 and 50 mm.
In the implementation mode, the distance is controlled to be between 5 and 50 millimeters, and the carrier plate and the transducer of the transducer array can be designed to meet the requirement as much as possible under the limited technical condition.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the number of array elements is between 80 and 150.
In this implementation, the number of array elements is between 80 and 150, which is beneficial to control cost and can improve directivity as much as possible.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the first preset range is 10 to 20 centimeters.
In the implementation mode, the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate is set to be between 10 and 20 centimeters, so that the directivity of the array can be improved as much as possible, and the situation that the directivity is reduced due to mutual radiation interference of array elements arranged on the arc surface is avoided.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a revolver paraboloid transducer, including: the array carrier plate of the revolved parabolic transducer of the fourth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the fourth aspect; and the support is used for supporting the array carrier plate.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an array generation method of a revolver paraboloid transducer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of an array of pending paraboloids of revolution provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a projection of an array provided in an embodiment of the present application on a predetermined projection plane.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sound field of a circular piston on an infinite baffle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arbitrary array coordinate distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between the number of array elements and the directivity parameter according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a focal length and a directivity parameter of an array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotational paraboloid transducer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an array generating apparatus for a rotational paraboloid transducer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 10-a rotating parabolic transducer; 11-an array carrier; 111-a paraboloidal of revolution carrier plate; 112-array elements; 12-a support; 20-array generating means of a rotational parabolic transducer; 21-pending array acquisition module; 22-directivity parameter determination module; 23-a module for determining undetermined parameters; 24-a transducer array determination module; 30-an electronic device; 31-a memory; 32-a communication module; 33-a bus; 34-a processor.
Detailed Description
In order to design a transducer with relatively higher directivity as efficiently as possible, embodiments of the present application provide an array generation method for a paraboloid of revolution transducer, so as to improve the directivity of the array under the condition of limiting the number of array elements, and ensure the effect of directional transmission of audio frequencies (i.e., solve the problem of contradiction between the array element spacing and the size of the transducer element itself) under the condition of avoiding grating lobes.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an array generating method of a revolved paraboloid transducer according to an embodiment of the present application. In the present embodiment, the array generating method of the revolved parabolic transducer may include step S10, step S20, step S30 and step S40.
In order to design a relatively higher directivity transducer as efficiently as possible, step S10 may be performed.
Step S10: and obtaining an undetermined paraboloid array with parameters to be determined, wherein the distances among array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on a preset projection plane are equal.
In this embodiment, an undetermined paraboloid array whose parameters are to be determined may be obtained, where the undetermined parameters may include the number of array elements, the spacing between the array elements, the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution, and the like. And the distances among array elements in the projection of the paraboloid array to be determined on the preset projection plane are equal.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a pending paraboloid of revolution array according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that, the numerical values shown in the coordinate system where the to-be-determined paraboloid array is located in fig. 2 are only exemplary, and parameters such as the number of array elements, the spacing between the array elements, the focal length of the paraboloid are all to-be-determined at this time, and the numerical values are shown for convenience of explaining the spacing relationship between the array elements in the projection of the to-be-determined paraboloid array on the preset projection plane, and therefore, the present application should not be limited herein.
By way of example, the array of undetermined paraboloids of revolution for which the parameters are to be determined can be obtained in the following manner:
n is to be2The array elements (e.g. homogeneous ultrasonic transducer array elements) are spaced apart by a distance d determined by the centre (e.g. circle center) of each array elementx＝dyConstructing a conventional planar array (due to d)x＝dyHereinafter, d is used collectivelyxThe spacing between the elements representing the projection) as the projection of the array of paraboloids of revolution to be determined on the plane xOy (i.e. the predetermined projection plane), as shown in fig. 3. And then. Can be based on the formula of paraboloids of revolution:
x2+y2＝2pz，··············(1)
the planar array can be converted into a pending rotated parabolic array with focal length p as shown in fig. 2. Therefore, the coordinate information (specific parameters are undetermined) of all array elements in the paraboloid type array to be determined can be obtained, namely (x)j，yj，zj)。
Of course, this is only an exemplary way to obtain the array of undetermined paraboloids of revolution for which the parameters are to be determined, and other ways to obtain the array of undetermined paraboloids of revolution for which the parameters are to be determined may be used, and therefore, the present application should not be considered as limited herein.
After obtaining the undetermined paraboloid of revolution array for which the parameters are to be determined, step S20 may be executed.
Step S20: and determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, wherein the directivity parameter is used for expressing the relation between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity.
In order to facilitate the design of the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducers, in the embodiment, a directivity parameter representing the relationship between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity is introduced, and the design of the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducers is guided, so that the paraboloid of revolution transducers with relatively higher directivity are designed.
In this embodiment, the directivity of a single array element in the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined can be determined. Illustratively, the radius of a single array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array and the corresponding emitted acoustic wave wavelength of the array element can be obtained; and determining the directivity of the array element according to the radius and the wavelength of the sound wave.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sound field of a circular piston on an infinite baffle according to an embodiment of the present application. An ultrasonic transducer array element is arranged on an xOy plane (namely, the array element is arranged on a preset projection plane), the center of the array element (taking the ultrasonic transducer array element as an example here, namely, the center of the array element) is taken as the origin of coordinates, the radius of the array element is r, a directional plane is selected on an xOz plane, the wavelength of the sound wave emitted by the array element is lambda, the frequency is f, and then the directional function D of the array element is0(α, θ) can be expressed as:
wherein, J1(. h) is a first order Poissuer function;
representing wave number, the included angle between the sound beam and the z-axis is theta, and the included angle between the projection of the sound beam on the xOy plane and the x-axis is recorded as α.
Therefore, the directivity of a single array element in the paraboloid array to be determined can be determined quickly and accurately.
After the directivity of a single array element in the paraboloid array to be determined is determined, the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined can be determined according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element.
For a transmit array, the formation of the array directivity is the result of the interference superposition in the far field of the sound waves emitted by the elements of its individual components. In this embodiment, the amplitude value of the response generated by each array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array can be determined, and the directivity of the discrete point sound source array is determined according to the amplitude value of the response generated by each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element, so that the directivity of the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array is determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of a single array element.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arbitrary array coordinate distribution provided in the embodiment of the present application. Illustratively, for an array of discrete point sound sources (i.e., an array of discrete point sound sources), its directivity function D in three-dimensional spaces(α, θ) is:
wherein A isiThe amplitude of the response generated for the ith array element; n is the number of array elements (i.e. N)2)；
The phase difference of the sound wave emitted in any direction (α, theta) by the ith array element in the array relative to the sound wave emitted in the main lobe direction (0, 0) by the ith array element.
The directivity of the discrete point sound source array can be accurately determined through the amplitude value of the response generated by each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element. And the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined can be determined as quickly and accurately as possible through the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
In order to simplify the calculation process and improve the operation efficiency of the method, homogeneous array elements can be used to construct the array, for example, the same-specification ultrasonic transducers are used as the array elements. Then, the formula (3) can be simplified to
At this time, the acoustic path difference of each array element relative to the designated origin can be determined according to the position parameter corresponding to the array element.
Continuing with FIG. 5, for example, for each array element with arbitrary distribution, its position may be defined by radius ri＝(xi，yi，zi) In any direction (α, theta), the unit vector of the sound wave radiated by the i-th array element is:
m＝mxi+myj+mzk，··············(5)
from the geometrical relationship shown in fig. 5, it can be derived:
similarly, the unit vector of the acoustic wave radiated by the array element along the main beam direction is recorded as:
e＝exi+eyj+ezk，··············(7)
and the main beam is in the (0, 0) direction, there are:
at this time, the acoustic path difference ξ of the acoustic wave radiated by the i-th array element in an arbitrary direction (α, θ) with respect to the point O is taken as a reference point from the origin of coordinates OiComprises the following steps:
ξi＝ri·m＝ximx+yimy+zimz，··············(9)
similarly, the acoustic path difference ξ of the acoustic wave radiated by the i-th array element along the main beam direction (0, 0) relative to the point O0Comprises the following steps:
ξ0＝ri·e＝xiex+yiey+ziez，··············(10)
after the acoustic path difference of the array element relative to the designated origin is determined, the phase difference of the array element relative to the main beam direction can be determined according to the acoustic path difference corresponding to each array element.
Illustratively, the phase difference delta phi of sound waves radiated by the ith array element along any direction relative to the direction of the main beamiComprises the following steps:
where ω is the angular frequency and c is the speed of sound.
After the phase difference is determined, the directivity of the discrete point sound source array can be determined according to the phase difference corresponding to each array element, namely the determined relational expression is substituted into Ds(α, θ).
And then, the directivity of the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array can be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
Illustratively, according to the product theorem, the directivity of the array (i.e. the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined) is actually equivalent to the product of the array element directivity (the directivity of a single array element) and the directivity of the array itself (the directivity of a discrete point sound source array):
D(α，θ)＝D0(α，θ)·Ds(α，θ)，··············(12)
when the homogeneous transducer is used as an array element, the amplitude value of response generated by each array element has no influence on the directivity of the discrete point sound source array, so that the process of determining the directivity of the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array is simpler and more convenient, the influence of the amplitude value is not required to be considered, the calculation process can be greatly simplified, and the operation efficiency of the method is improved.
After the directivity of the undetermined paraboloid array is determined, a main beam directivity function and a side lobe directivity function in the directivity of the undetermined paraboloid array can be determined, and the directivity parameters corresponding to the undetermined paraboloid array are determined according to the main beam directivity function and the side lobe directivity function.
Illustratively, the directivity parameter corresponding to the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array is represented by γ. The directivity parameter γ represents the ratio of the sound energy radiated to a point in the far field in the main beam direction to the sound energy in each direction for a sound source having directivity. The specific value of the directivity parameter γ can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the square of the main beam directivity function;
the sum of the squares of the directivity functions of the main beam and the three main side lobes nearby. Here, the directivity functions of the three main side lobes in the vicinity may be obtained empirically, or may be set to other values, for example, the directivity functions of the six main side lobes in the vicinity may be set according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
After the directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined is determined, step S30 may be executed.
Step S30: and determining the number parameter and the focal length parameter of the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined and the spacing parameter between the array elements according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameter.
In this embodiment, the range of the pitch of each projected array element can be determined according to the wavelength of the acoustic wave correspondingly emitted by each projected array element and a preset first relationship for avoiding the occurrence of grating lobes.
Where a planar array is desired to suppress grating lobes for enhanced directivity, the conditions for suppressing grating lobes (i.e., the first relationship) are, for example, for a planar array of n × n distributed over the xOy plane:
wherein, λ is the acoustic wave wavelength correspondingly emitted by the array element.
Thus, the condition for the absence of grating lobes in a planar array is that the array element spacing must satisfy:
thus, the range of the pitch of each array element of the projection is
In practical application, the minimum size of the elements of a common piezoelectric ceramic transducer (as an array element) is 10mm (millimeter), and in order to reduce the influence of the size of the array element on the performance of the array, the distance between the array elements in the array can be selected as
Of course, this is only an exemplary selection, and other ranges may be used, or a more suitable range may be selected when the transducer as an array element can be controlled to a smaller size. Therefore, the present application should not be considered as limited herein.
In this embodiment, the range of the number of array elements of the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array may be determined according to the second relationship for revealing the directivity parameter and the number of array elements.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a number of array elements and a directivity parameter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Illustratively, when other conditions of the array are kept constant (e.g., the spacing between the array elements, the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution, etc. are kept constant), the directivity parameter γ of the array of paraboloids of revolution to be determined generally increases with increasing n, as shown in fig. 6 (i.e., the second relationship). Based on the comprehensive consideration of directivity and cost of the paraboloid of revolution transducer, the array element number range of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined can be selected as follows: n is more than or equal to 10. Of course, the range of the number of the array elements determined here should not be considered as a limitation of the present application, and may be selected according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the focal length range of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined may be determined according to a third relationship used for revealing the directivity parameter and the focal length.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a focal length and a directivity parameter of an array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Illustratively, when the value of n is determined, and d is between the centers of the array elementsxWhen selected, as shown in the figureAnd 7, traversing the value range of the focal length p, and finding that the directivity parameter gamma and the focal length p are not in a linear relation. When the focal length p is too large, as the size of the focal length continues to increase, the paraboloid gradually evolves and approaches to a plane, and the advantage of self-focusing begins to lose; when the focal length p is too small, the mutual radiation interference of the array elements arranged on the arc surface is serious, and the directivity parameter gamma is sharply deteriorated (namely, the third relation). Therefore, the p point at which the directivity parameter γ takes the maximum value can be selected as the selected focal distance range. Of course, a preferred value range determined based on the p point where the directivity parameter γ takes the maximum value may be selected, for example, a range determined by the p point, for example, a range within 5% of the difference from the p value, is used as the focal distance range of the paraboloid array to be determined. Therefore, the present application should not be considered as limited herein.
After the space range, the array element number range and the focal length range of the to-be-determined paraboloid array are determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the space parameter between the array elements (or the space parameter d between the projected array elements) of the to-be-determined paraboloid array can be determined according to the space range, the array element number range and the focal length rangex)。
For example, according to actual needs, factors such as the requirement for directivity, the size of the array element used, and the like, and by combining these factors, a suitable parameter of the number of array elements, a suitable parameter of the focal length, and a suitable parameter of the spacing between the array elements (or a suitable parameter d of the spacing between the projected array elements) may be determined from the spacing range, the range of the number of array elements, and the range of the focal lengthx)。
Determining the number parameter and the focal length parameter of the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined and the spacing parameter between the array elements (or the spacing parameter d between the projected array elements)x) Thereafter, step S40 may be performed.
Step S40: and determining the array of the paraboloid of revolution energy converter according to the array of the paraboloid of revolution to be determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter.
In this embodiment, the determined number parameter, focal length parameter, and spacing parameter (or spacing parameter between each array element of the projection) may be determineddx) And substituting the parameters into an undetermined paraboloid of revolution array with the parameters to be determined, thereby obtaining the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducers.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a revolved paraboloid transducer 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the revolver parabolic transducer 10 may comprise an array carrier plate 11 and a support 12.
For example, the array carrier 11 may include: a paraboloidal rotating carrier plate 111 for carrying the array elements 112 and a plurality of array elements 112. The plurality of array elements 112 may be arranged on the paraboloidal rotating carrier plate 111 in an array obtained by the array generating method of the paraboloidal rotating transducer in this embodiment.
For example, the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate 111 may be p, and the focal length p is within a first preset range, where the first preset range may be determined by a step in the array generating method of the paraboloid of revolution transducer (i.e., a step of determining the focal length range of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined), and the specific process may be referred to before, and is not described herein again.
And the number of array elements 112 is n2Each array element 112 is arranged on the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate 111, and the distance between each array element 112 in the projection of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate 111 with the array elements on the preset projection plane is dxWherein, in the step (A),
and lambda represents the wave length of the acoustic wave correspondingly transmitted by the array element, and n is within a second preset range. The second preset range can be determined by the step of determining the array element number range of the paraboloid of revolution to be determined in the array generation method of the paraboloid of revolution transducer, it should be noted that the array element number range can be determined by determining the value n, and it does not mean that the value n range represents the array element number range (the array element number range is n)2Range of (d).
By limiting the range of focal length, the number of array elements and the distance between the array elements, the generation of grating lobes can be effectively inhibited as far as possible under the condition of limited array element number and array element distance, and the directivity is improved.
Illustratively, a homogeneous open-type ultrasonic transducer (i.e., a transducer of the same specification) may be selected as the array element 112. The homogeneous open type ultrasonic transducer is adopted, on one hand, the stability of the design of the transducer array carrier plate is facilitated, and on the other hand, the cost can be saved as much as possible.
Illustratively, the diameter of the array elements 112 may be between 10 and 20 mm to effectively control the spacing parameters between the array elements and also to effectively control the transducer array carrier 11 and the volume of the transducers as much as possible.
Illustratively, the distance dxIt may be between 5 and 50 mm to design the transducer array carrier plate 11 and the transducers as well as meet the requirements under limited technical conditions.
Illustratively, the number of array elements (i.e., n)2It may further be determined that n is within a second predetermined range) between 80 and 150. This is advantageous for cost control on the one hand and also for increasing the directivity as much as possible on the other hand.
For example, the first preset range may be 10 to 20 centimeters, and the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate is set between 10 and 20 centimeters, so that the directivity of the array can be improved as much as possible, and the decrease of the directivity caused by the mutual radiation interference of the array elements arranged on the arc surface can be avoided.
In the present embodiment, the supporting member 12 is mainly used for supporting the array carrier 11, and may be a bracket type, and may be a surface contact type, so as to be able to support the array carrier, and the type is not particularly limited.
Referring to fig. 9, the present embodiment further provides an array generating apparatus 20 for a revolver paraboloid transducer, including:
and the undetermined array obtaining module 21 is configured to obtain an undetermined paraboloid array with undetermined parameters, where distances between array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on the preset projection plane are equal.
And a directivity parameter determination module 22, configured to determine a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, where the directivity parameter is used to represent a relationship between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity.
And the undetermined parameter determining module 23 is configured to determine, according to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined and the directivity parameter, an array element number parameter, a focal length parameter, and a space parameter between each array element of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined.
And the transducer array determining module 24 is used for determining the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducer according to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter.
In this embodiment, the directivity parameter determining module 22 is further configured to determine the directivity of a single array element in the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined; determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element; determining a main beam directivity function and a side lobe directivity function in the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined; and determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid array to be determined according to the main beam directivity function and the side lobe directivity function.
In this embodiment, the directivity parameter determination module 22 is further configured to obtain a radius of a single array element in the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, and a wavelength of a sound wave correspondingly emitted by the array element; and determining the directivity of the array element according to the radius and the acoustic wave wavelength.
In this embodiment, the directivity parameter determining module 22 is further configured to determine an amplitude value of a response generated by each array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid of revolution array; determining the directivity of the discrete point sound source array according to the amplitude of the response generated by each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element; and determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
In this embodiment, when each array element is homogeneous, the amplitude of the response generated by each array element has no influence on the directivity of the discrete point sound source array, and the directivity parameter determination module 22 is further configured to determine, according to the position parameter corresponding to each array element, the sound path difference of the array element relative to the specified origin; determining the phase difference of each array element relative to the main beam direction according to the corresponding acoustic path difference of each array element; determining the directivity of the discrete point sound source array according to the phase difference corresponding to each array element; and determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
In this embodiment, the undetermined parameter determining module 23 is further configured to determine a distance range of each projected array element according to a wavelength of an acoustic wave correspondingly emitted by each projected array element and a preset first relationship for avoiding occurrence of a grating lobe; determining the array element number range of the paraboloid array to be determined according to a second relation for revealing the directivity parameter and the array element number; determining the focal distance range of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to a third relation used for revealing the directivity parameter and the focal distance; and determining the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter among the array elements of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to the spacing range, the array element number range and the focal length range.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic device 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the electronic device 30 may be a server, such as a network server, a cloud server, a server cluster, and the like, which is not limited herein; the electronic device 30 may also be a terminal, such as a personal computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, etc., and is not limited herein.
Illustratively, the electronic device 30 may include: a communication module 32 connected to the outside through a network, one or more processors 34 for executing program instructions, a bus 33, a Memory 31 of different form, for example, a magnetic disk, a ROM (Read-only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), or any combination thereof. The memory 31, the communication module 32 and the processor 34 are connected by a bus 33.
Illustratively, the memory 31 has stored therein a program. The processor 34 may call and run these programs from the memory 31, so that the array generation method of the revolver paraboloid transducer may be executed by running the programs to realize the array design of the revolver paraboloid transducer.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a storage medium storing one or more programs, which are executable by one or more processors to implement the method for generating an array of revolver paraboloid transducers described in the present embodiment.
In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide an array generation method for a paraboloidal spinner, an array carrier and a transducer, and by designing an array of the paraboloidal spinner, on one hand, due to the self-focusing characteristic of the paraboloid, the array arranged in the paraboloidal spinner can improve the directivity generated by the array under the condition of a certain number of array elements and a certain distance between the array elements; on the other hand, the directivity parameters capable of effectively reflecting the array directivity are introduced, so that the parameters (such as array element number parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements) of the array with relatively higher directivity can be determined, the design of the array is guided, and the design efficiency of the (array of) the paraboloid of revolution transducer is improved. In addition, compared with a planar array, the array of the paraboloidal of revolution transducer has stronger capability of inhibiting side lobes and grating lobes, can obtain more concentrated sound energy in the direction of the main lobe, and reduces the requirements on the number and the spacing of the transducers.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is merely a logical division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, and for example, a plurality of modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of modules through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (16)
1. A method of generating an array of revolved parabolic transducers comprising:
obtaining an undetermined paraboloid array with parameters to be determined, wherein the distances among array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on a preset projection plane are equal;
determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, wherein the directivity parameter is used for expressing the relation between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity;
determining array element quantity parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameters;
and determining the array of the paraboloid of revolution energy converter according to the array of the paraboloid of revolution to be determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter.
2. The method of generating an array of revolved parabolic transducers of claim 1, wherein said determining the directivity parameters corresponding to the pending revolved parabolic array comprises:
determining the directivity of a single array element in the paraboloid array to be determined;
determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element;
determining a main beam directivity function and a side lobe directivity function in the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined;
and determining a directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid array to be determined according to the main beam directivity function and the side lobe directivity function.
3. The method of generating a revolver-paraboloid transducer array of claim 2, wherein said determining the directivity of a single array element in said pending revolver-paraboloid array comprises:
acquiring the radius of a single array element in the paraboloid array to be determined and the wavelength of sound waves correspondingly emitted by the array element;
and determining the directivity of the array element according to the radius and the acoustic wave wavelength.
4. The method for generating an array of revolver paraboloid transducers according to claim 2, wherein the determining the directivity of the to-be-determined revolver paraboloid array according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element comprises:
determining the amplitude of the response generated by each array element in the to-be-determined paraboloid array;
determining the directivity of the discrete point sound source array according to the amplitude of the response generated by each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element;
and determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
5. The method for generating an array of revolved parabolic energy converters of claim 2, wherein when each array element is homogeneous, the determining the directivity of the to-be-determined revolved parabolic array according to the directivity of each array element and the position parameter corresponding to the array element comprises:
determining the acoustic path difference of each array element relative to the designated origin according to the position parameter corresponding to each array element;
determining the phase difference of each array element relative to the main beam direction according to the corresponding acoustic path difference of each array element;
determining the directivity of the discrete point sound source array according to the phase difference corresponding to each array element;
and determining the directivity of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the directivity of the discrete point sound source array and the directivity of the single array element.
6. The method for generating an array of parabolic rotary transducers according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the number of array elements, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter between each projected array element of the parabolic rotary transducer according to the parabolic rotary array to be determined and the directivity parameter comprises:
determining the space range of each projected array element according to the acoustic wave wavelength correspondingly emitted by each projected array element and a preset first relation for avoiding the occurrence of grating lobes;
determining the array element number range of the paraboloid array to be determined according to a second relation for revealing the directivity parameter and the array element number;
determining the focal distance range of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to a third relation used for revealing the directivity parameter and the focal distance;
and determining the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter among the array elements of the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined according to the spacing range, the array element number range and the focal length range.
7. An array generating apparatus for a revolver paraboloid transducer comprising:
the undetermined array obtaining module is used for obtaining an undetermined paraboloid array with parameters to be determined, wherein the distances among array elements in the projection of the undetermined paraboloid array on a preset projection plane are equal;
the directivity parameter determination module is used for determining the directivity parameter corresponding to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, wherein the directivity parameter is used for expressing the relationship between the paraboloid of revolution array and the directivity;
the undetermined parameter determining module is used for determining array element quantity parameters, focal length parameters and spacing parameters among the array elements of the paraboloid array to be determined according to the paraboloid array to be determined and the directivity parameters;
and the transducer array determining module is used for determining the array of the paraboloid of revolution transducer according to the paraboloid of revolution array to be determined, the array element number parameter, the focal length parameter and the spacing parameter.
8. A storage medium storing one or more programs executable by one or more processors to implement the method for generating an array of revolver paraboloid transducers as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. An array carrier plate of a revolved parabolic transducer, which is applied to the revolved parabolic transducer, the array carrier plate comprises:
a plurality of array elements;
a paraboloid of revolution carrier plate for carrying a plurality of array elements arranged in accordance with an array resulting from the method of array generation of paraboloid of revolution transducers of any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. The revolver parabolic transducer array carrier plate of claim 9,
the focal length of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate is p, and the focal length p is in a first preset range;
the number of the array elements is n2Each array element is arranged on the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate, and the distance between the array elements in the projection of the paraboloid of revolution carrier plate with the array elements on a preset projection planeAre all dxWherein, in the step (A),
and lambda represents the wave length of the acoustic wave correspondingly transmitted by the array element, and n is within a second preset range.
11. The revolver parabolic transducer array carrier of claim 10 wherein each array element is a homogenous open type ultrasonic transducer.
12. The revolver parabolic transducer array carrier of claim 10 wherein each array element has a diameter between 10 and 20 mm.
13. The revolver parabolic transducer array carrier plate of claim 10 wherein the pitch d isxBetween 5 and 50 mm.
14. The revolver parabolic transducer array carrier of claim 10 wherein the number of array elements is between 80 and 150.
15. The revolver parabolic transducer array carrier plate of claim 10 wherein the first predetermined range is 10 to 20 centimeters.
16. A revolver parabolic transducer, characterized by comprising:
an array carrier plate of a revolved parabolic transducer according to any one of claims 9 to 15;
and the support is used for supporting the array carrier plate.
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| SE546011C2 (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-04-09 | Myvox Ab | Parametric array loudspeaker for emitting acoustic energy to create a directional beam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SE546011C2 (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-04-09 | Myvox Ab | Parametric array loudspeaker for emitting acoustic energy to create a directional beam |
| SE2251346A1 (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-04-09 | Myvox Ab | Parametric array loudspeaker for emitting acoustic energy to create a directional beam |
| WO2024104819A1 (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-05-23 | Myvox Ab | Parametric array loudspeaker |
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