CN111404850B - Uplink channel estimation method and device based on 5G system - Google Patents

Uplink channel estimation method and device based on 5G system Download PDF

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CN111404850B
CN111404850B CN202010209838.7A CN202010209838A CN111404850B CN 111404850 B CN111404850 B CN 111404850B CN 202010209838 A CN202010209838 A CN 202010209838A CN 111404850 B CN111404850 B CN 111404850B
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channel estimation
estimation information
information
effective subcarrier
time offset
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CN111404850A (en
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洪龙龙
叶进
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Beijing Star Net Ruijie Networks Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2657—Carrier synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
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    • H04L27/2672—Frequency domain

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Abstract

The invention discloses an uplink channel estimation method and device based on a 5G system, which are used for solving the problem of low channel estimation accuracy. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS), wherein the first DMRS comprises channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel; performing division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier; performing conjugate operation on initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine time offset compensation information; compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determining the channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by adopting an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information. The method can effectively estimate the time offset and compensate for phase rotation generated by the time offset, and improves the accuracy of channel estimation.

Description

Uplink channel estimation method and device based on 5G system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an uplink channel estimation method and apparatus based on a 5G system.
Background
In 5G (fifth generation mobile communication system), strict time synchronization is required for uplink and downlink communications of a user equipment, especially uplink communications, and in order to ensure that the times of uplink signals of different user equipments reaching a base station are basically consistent, the base station will often periodically issue a time advance to the user equipment, so that the user equipment can adjust the transmission time of the uplink signals according to the time advance.
However, due to the fact that the ue is in a dynamic moving process and due to the influence of factors such as wireless channel fading, multipath and noise, the time when the ue transmits the uplink signal is not perfectly aligned with the time of the base station, so that the time when the uplink signal is received by the base station is usually delayed, i.e. there is a time offset. In addition, because the DMRS (demodulation reference signal) format of the 5G NR (New generation mobile communication air interface system) does not occupy the bandwidth of the entire user equipment, interpolation is required to obtain channel information in the bandwidth of the entire user equipment before channel equalization, and at this time, if there is a time offset, additional phase rotation is introduced to affect the interpolation algorithm, thereby reducing the accuracy of channel estimation.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an uplink channel estimation method and device based on a 5G system, which are used for solving the technical problem of lower channel estimation accuracy in the prior art.
In a first aspect, a method for estimating an uplink channel based on a 5G system is provided, where the method includes:
receiving a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS), wherein the first DMRS comprises channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and the effective subcarriers are subcarriers for carrying data;
performing division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier;
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine time offset compensation information;
compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determining the channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by adopting an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information.
In a possible implementation manner, the conjugate operation is performed on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine the time offset compensation information, and the method includes:
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine a plurality of first values;
and determining an average value of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average value, and determining time offset compensation information according to the phase value.
In a possible embodiment, the first value X is represented by:
Figure BDA0002422435320000021
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and does not contain phase-rotated channel estimation information, H (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and does not contain phase rotation, H '(2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and contains phase-rotated initial channel estimation information, H' (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and contains phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the initial channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000022
M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the limited length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
In a possible implementation, determining an average value of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average value, and determining time offset compensation information according to the phase value includes:
the time offset compensation information is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002422435320000031
wherein | < X | < pi.
In a possible implementation manner, compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel includes:
substituting the time offset compensation information into a compensation formula to calculate to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel;
wherein the compensation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002422435320000032
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and does not include the phase-rotated channel estimation information, H' (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and includes the phase-rotated initial channel estimation information, Δ n TA The time offset used for representing the channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000033
M is used for representing the number of the total bandwidth resource blocks of the uplink channel, and N is used for representing the limited length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
In a second aspect, an uplink channel estimation apparatus based on a 5G system is provided, where the apparatus includes:
the base station comprises a receiving module and a processing module, wherein the receiving module is used for receiving a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS), the first DMRS comprises channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and the effective subcarriers are subcarriers for carrying data;
the processing module is used for performing division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier;
a determining module, configured to perform conjugate operation on initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier, and determine time offset compensation information;
and the channel estimation module is used for compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information, obtaining target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determining the channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by adopting an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information.
In a possible implementation, the determining module is configured to:
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine a plurality of first values;
and determining an average value of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average value, and determining time offset compensation information according to the phase value.
In a possible embodiment, the first value X is represented by:
Figure BDA0002422435320000041
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and does not contain phase-rotated channel estimation information, H (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and does not contain phase rotation, H '(2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and contains phase-rotated initial channel estimation information, H' (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and contains phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the initial channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000042
M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the finite length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
In a possible implementation, the determining module is configured to:
the time offset compensation information is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002422435320000043
wherein | < X | < pi.
In one possible embodiment, the channel estimation module is configured to:
substituting the time offset compensation information into a compensation formula to calculate to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel;
wherein the compensation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002422435320000051
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and no phase rotation, H' (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000052
M is used for representing the number of the total bandwidth resource blocks of the uplink channel, and N is used for representing the limited length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes:
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for calling the program instructions stored in the memory and executing the steps included in any of the methods of the first aspect according to the obtained program instructions.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the steps included in any one of the methods of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which, when run on a computer device, enables the computer device to perform the steps comprised in any of the methods of the first aspect.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the present invention, a first demodulation reference signal DMRS may be received, where the first DMRS includes channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, specifically, the effective subcarrier is a data-carrying subcarrier, and then a division operation is performed on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier. After the initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier is determined, the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier can be subjected to conjugate operation, so that time offset compensation information can be determined. Further, the initial channel estimation information may be compensated according to the time offset compensation information, so as to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determine channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by using an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information. The method can effectively estimate the time offset and compensate for the phase rotation generated by the time offset, thereby improving the accuracy of channel estimation.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 5G system in an embodiment of the present invention, which adds a demodulation reference signal in a frequency domain;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a channel estimation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating channel processing for received signal hysteresis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an uplink channel estimation method based on a 5G system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating system bandwidth in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of time offset estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating comparison of channel estimation information determined after time offset compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an uplink channel estimation device based on a 5G system in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.
To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, a description will be given of related background art of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the 5G NR system, channel estimation is mainly performed using a DMRS (demodulation reference signal), and specifically, specific pilot information may be transmitted at a corresponding position, and the pilot information may be transmitted together with data. In this way, the pilot information and the data are subjected to the same channel transmission, so that the channel value of the transmission channel can be estimated at the receiving end through the received pilot signal and the standard DMRS signal.
In a specific implementation process, there are two main ways for adding DMRSs in a frequency domain in a 5G NR system, specifically, see fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of different DMRSs types shown in fig. 1, where fig. 1 only shows DMRS occupation of one RB (Resource Block ) bandwidth, the entire transmission bandwidth includes N RBs, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and DMRS occupation of all RBs is the same. As can be seen from fig. 1, no matter every other RE (Resource Element) is inserted into one RB of type 1 or every other four REs are inserted into one RB of type 2, the DMRSs do not occupy the entire transmission bandwidth, and therefore, interpolation is required to obtain a response value of the entire transmission bandwidth.
In addition, since the 5G NR system is based on the Evolution of the LTE (Long Time Evolution) system and belongs to a continuous transmission and reception system, it is necessary to perform strict Time synchronization regardless of the base station or the terminal. The base stations are generally synchronized using a Global Positioning System (GPS). For the terminal, the time synchronization mainly depends on the broadcast channel transmitted by the base station and TA (Timing advance).
In a specific implementation process, the 5G NR system periodically sends TAs to the terminal, so that users at different locations in a cell send uplink signals at different times, that is, a user at a long distance needs to send signals in advance, and a user at a short distance sends signals later, so that it can be ensured that signals arriving at the base station by different users are basically aligned. However, due to the mobility of the terminal and the influence of channel multipath and noise, the time when the uplink signal reaches the base station is not aligned, and thus, a time offset is generated.
Referring to fig. 2, when performing channel estimation processing, if an acquired signal arrives accurately, that is, there is no time offset, the base station takes symbol data at a fixed time, sequentially performs processing such as CP (Cyclic Prefix) removal, FFT (Fast Fourier transform) window data taking, and then FFT conversion, and the obtained channel estimation information has a small offset; when the acquired signal has a lag condition, the acquired FFT window data is introduced with delta n from the CP section TA Deviation of each sampling point, so that the obtained channel estimation information has larger deviation; when the obtained signal has an advanced condition, the obtained FFT window data may be obtained from the CP segment of the next symbol, introducing inter-symbol interference, and the demodulation performance is degraded, thereby causing the channel estimation accuracy to be low. It should be noted that the technical solutions in the present application mainly analyze the situation of signal lag.
Assuming that the current signal is denoted as R (n), the corresponding frequency domain signal is R (n), and the time offset is Δ n TA Sampling points, as shown in fig. 3: since the CP is a copy of the last segment of the signal, the complete signal can still be obtained after the FFT window, and the received signal can be represented as:
r′(n)＝[r(N-Δn TA ),r(N-Δn TA +1),…,r(0),r(1),…,r(N-Δn TA -1)]
performing FFT on the signals:
Figure BDA0002422435320000081
unfolding to obtain:
Figure BDA0002422435320000082
wherein R (n) in the above formula is used to represent the value of the effective subcarrier at n position without phase rotation, R (n) is used to represent the value of the effective subcarrier at n position with phase rotation, Δ n TA The method is used for representing the time offset of signal values without phase rotation and signal values with phase rotation, N is used for representing the number of subcarriers, the value range N of N belongs to {0,1, …, 12. M/2-1}, M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the finite length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
From the above derivation process, it can be known that the signal with time offset will generate phase rotation in the frequency domain after FFT, and the magnitude of the phase rotation is related to the subcarrier. The channel estimation is mainly obtained by using the receiving DMRS and the transmitting DMRS, so that the obtained channel estimation information is additionally accompanied by phase rotation in addition to the true channel response, and thus, interpolation operation cannot be simply performed, but the phase rotation caused by time offset needs to be eliminated first and then the interpolation is performed.
Aiming at the influence of the time offset analyzed and determined in the prior art on the uplink channel estimation, namely the inaccuracy of estimation of real channel response caused by phase rotation, the invention provides the uplink channel interpolation estimation method based on the 5G system, which can effectively estimate the time offset and compensate for the phase rotation generated by the time offset, thereby increasing the accuracy of channel estimation and further improving the system performance.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic flow chart of an uplink channel interpolation estimation method based on a 5G system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and a method flow according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.
Step 401: receiving a first demodulation reference signal DMRS, wherein the first DMRS comprises channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and the effective subcarriers are subcarriers carrying data.
Step 402: and performing division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier.
In order to better understand the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of system bandwidth correspondingly implemented by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present invention is introduced first. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, it is assumed that the total bandwidth of the 5G system is M RBs, wherein one RB consists of 12 REs and the subcarrier spacing is M. It should be noted that, for an uplink channel of a 5G system, a bandwidth allocated by each terminal does not necessarily occupy the entire system bandwidth, but each terminal inserts a DMRS within the bandwidth allocated by itself, and channel estimation is based on the DMRS within a single terminal, so that the bandwidth occupied by the terminal does not affect the accuracy of channel estimation, and therefore, it can be assumed that only one terminal is currently provided, and the system bandwidth is the communication bandwidth.
In addition, the 5G NR system sets two DMRS types, as shown in fig. 1, the channel estimation method adopted by the present invention is independent of the DMRS types, and therefore for convenience of description, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described hereinafter with an example that every other RE is inserted into a first type, i.e., one RB.
In this embodiment of the present invention, a first DMRS may be received, where the first DMRS includes channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and specifically, the effective subcarrier is a carrier that carries data. I.e., the received first DMRS is superimposed with channel information. And then, performing a division operation on the received first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS, specifically, the preset standard DMRS may be a standard DMRS locally generated by the terminal device and corresponding to each effective subcarrier one to one, so as to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier.
For example, the received first DMRS frequency domain signal is represented as R (2K), where K is used to represent the number of REs, i.e., the number of the sub-carriers, e.g., if K =2, the number of the RE is represented as the 4 th sub-carrier, and K has a value range of
Figure BDA0002422435320000101
M is used for indicating that M RBs correspond to 12 REs, and the locally generated standard DMRS is represented as R 0 (2k) Then the initial channel estimation information can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002422435320000102
step 403: and performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine time offset compensation information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier is determined, the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier may be subjected to conjugate operation to determine the time offset compensation information. In a specific implementation process, a conjugate operation may be performed on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier, so as to determine a plurality of first values, then determine an average value of the plurality of first values, and determine a phase value of the average value, so as to determine time offset compensation information according to the phase value.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first value may be represented by X, and the first value X is represented as:
Figure BDA0002422435320000103
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and does not contain phase-rotated channel estimation information, and H (2k + 2) is used to characterize the adjacent effective subcarrier H (2K) and does not contain phaseBit-rotated channel estimation information, H '(2K) for characterizing an effective subcarrier position as 2K and including phase-rotated initial channel estimation information, H' (2k + 2) for characterizing initial channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and including phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the initial channel estimation information without phase rotation and the time offset of the channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000104
M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the finite length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
In order to more clearly describe the above process of determining the time offset compensation information, an example is described below.
As shown in fig. 6, the gray blocks represent the already obtained channel estimation information H (2K) with data RE, H' (2K) represents the channel estimation matrix with effective subcarrier position of 2K and phase rotation, and the channel estimation matrix without phase rotation is denoted as H (2K), and the two have corresponding relationship. Specifically, k corresponds to a subcarrier position, 2k in H (2 k) considers that the current DMRS format has data only at an even position and there is no data at an odd position 2k +1, and therefore H (2 k) is used to represent channel estimation information of a portion with data RE.
In the time offset estimation process, two adjacent subcarriers of the effective subcarrier may be used, and the two adjacent subcarriers may be respectively represented by H '(2 k) and H' (2k + 2), so that the time offset compensation information may be determined, which is specifically performed as follows.
Figure BDA0002422435320000111
In the embodiment of the present invention, in consideration of a relatively small interval between two subcarriers in a 5G NR communication system, which is generally about several tens of kilohertz, it can be understood that in the case of normal mobility, a channel is basically unchanged, and thus an approximation process may be performed. And, from the above formulaIt can be seen that the result of the conjugate operation of two adjacent subcarriers can determine the time offset, i.e., Δ n TA I.e. H (2 k), e, N and the conjugation of the two sub-carriers are all known data, so that an can be determined TA 。
Further, to reduce Δ n TA The estimation error of (2) is averaged in the time offset estimation process of all subcarriers in the whole user bandwidth, and the specific process calculation processing process is as follows.
Figure BDA0002422435320000112
Figure BDA0002422435320000121
It can be found from the above formula that the phase of the average of the first values is only time-offset dependent, and thus an can be obtained by calculating the phase value of the average of the first values TA . In particular, the formula can be used
Figure BDA0002422435320000122
Time compensation information is obtained. In a specific implementation, it is considered that Δ n can be accurately calculated TA Of (1), thus Δ n TA Can be in the range of
Figure BDA0002422435320000123
Further, when the time offset compensation information is obtained, the time offset compensation information may be determined.
Step 404: compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determining the channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by adopting an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the time offset compensation information is obtained, time offset compensation may be performed on the channel estimation information. Specifically, the effect of time offset on the frequency domain is phase rotation, anAnd the magnitude of the rotation phase is related to the position of the subcarrier, so that the phase compensation can be performed according to the subcarrier, and the compensation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002422435320000124
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and no phase rotation, H' (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000125
M is used for representing the number of the total bandwidth resource blocks of the uplink channel, and N is used for representing the limited length for carrying out fast Fourier change.
In a specific implementation process, the obtained time offset compensation information can be substituted into a compensation formula, so that target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel can be obtained, namely, the influence of time offset on channel estimation is reduced. Then, a linear interpolation mode can be adopted, so that the channel estimation information of the whole uplink channel can be obtained. Namely, the channel estimation information of the position of 2k +1 subcarrier can be obtained according to the channels of the positions of adjacent 2k and 2k +2 subcarriers, so that the channel estimation information of the whole uplink channel can be obtained.
In addition, in a specific implementation process, the scheme may also be verified by using a simulation method, please refer to fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a schematic comparison diagram of the demodulation of the simulated PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) demodulation end in the embodiment of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 7, the time offset Δ n is set TA ＝[-60,330]Point, Δ n TA If negative, it means leading, and if positive, it means lagging. Specifically, when Δ n is TA In the case of a negative number, the influence of the advance causes intersymbol interference, and the presence or absence of the time offset correction does not affect the demodulation performance because the time offset correction cannot eliminate the intersymbol interference.
Please refer to FIG. 7, if Δ n TA When the time offset is increased to a positive number, the system which performs time offset correction obviously keeps the stability of the performance, namely from 0 to 300 time offset points, the EVM demodulated by the receiving end is obviously kept at 42dB, and the system performance which does not perform frequency offset correction obviously declines, so that the accuracy of the determined channel estimation information is poor; when Δ n TA After the CP range is exceeded, intersymbol interference is introduced again, and the performance of the system for correcting the frequency offset is corrected. I.e. the performance of the invention is at deltan TA ＝[0,Ncp]In a point range, the influence of time offset can be completely corrected, and the performance is obviously improved.
The invention provides an uplink channel estimation method based on a 5G system, which can be applied to various wireless communication systems utilizing pilot frequency to carry out channel estimation in the practical application process, and realizes time offset estimation and compensation, namely, the method has strong universality and high portability. In addition, the specific implementation algorithm of the method is low in complexity, and the method can be compatible with various different bandwidth operations, so that the use experience of a user is improved.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention provides an uplink channel estimation device based on a 5G system, and the uplink channel estimation device based on the 5G system can realize the corresponding functions of the uplink channel estimation method based on the 5G system. The uplink channel estimation device based on the 5G system can be a hardware structure, a software module or a hardware structure and a software module. The uplink channel estimation device based on the 5G system can be realized by a chip system, and the chip system can be formed by a chip and can also comprise the chip and other discrete devices. Referring to fig. 8, the uplink channel estimation apparatus based on the 5G system includes a receiving module 801, a processing module 802, a determining module 803, and a channel estimation module 804. Wherein:
a receiving module 801, configured to receive a first demodulation reference signal DMRS, where the first DMRS includes channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and the effective subcarrier is a subcarrier carrying data;
a processing module 802, configured to perform a division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier;
a determining module 803, configured to perform conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier, and determine time offset compensation information;
a channel estimation module 804, configured to compensate the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information, obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determine channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by using an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information.
In a possible implementation, the determining module 803 is configured to:
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine a plurality of first values;
and determining an average value of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average value, and determining time offset compensation information according to the phase value to determine the time offset compensation information.
In a possible embodiment, the first value X is represented by:
Figure BDA0002422435320000141
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and does not contain phase-rotated channel estimation information, H (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and does not contain phase rotation, H '(2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and contains phase-rotated initial channel estimation information, H' (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and contains phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the initial channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000142
M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the finite length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
In a possible implementation, the determining module 803 is configured to:
the time offset compensation information is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002422435320000143
wherein | < X | < pi.
In one possible implementation, the channel estimation module 804 is configured to:
substituting the time offset compensation information into a compensation formula to calculate to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel;
wherein the compensation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002422435320000151
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and no phase rotation, H' (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure BDA0002422435320000152
M is used for representing the number of the total bandwidth resource blocks of the uplink channel, and N is used for representing the limited length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
All relevant contents of each step related to the embodiment of the uplink channel estimation method based on the 5G system may be cited to the functional description of the functional module corresponding to the uplink channel estimation device based on the 5G system in the embodiment of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
The division of the modules in the embodiments of the present invention is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division manner, and in addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in one processor, or may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, please refer to fig. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device shown in fig. 9. The electronic device includes at least one processor 901 and a memory 902 connected to the at least one processor, and a specific connection medium between the processor 901 and the memory 902 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 9, the processor 901 and the memory 902 are connected by a bus 900 as an example, the bus 900 is represented by a thick line in fig. 9, and a connection manner between other components is only schematically illustrated and is not limited. The bus 900 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc., and is shown in fig. 9 with only one thick line for ease of illustration, but does not represent only one bus or type of bus.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the memory 902 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 901, and the at least one processor 901 can execute the steps included in the foregoing uplink channel estimation method based on the 5G system by executing the instructions stored in the memory 902.
The processor 901 is a control center of the electronic device, and may connect various parts of the whole electronic device by using various interfaces and lines, and perform or execute instructions stored in the memory 902 and call data stored in the memory 902, so as to perform various functions and process data of the electronic device, thereby performing overall monitoring on the electronic device.
Optionally, the processor 901 may include one or more processing units, and the processor 901 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application program, and the like, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 901. In some embodiments, the processor 901 and the memory 902 may be implemented on the same chip, or in some embodiments, they may be implemented separately on separate chips.
The processor 901 may be a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, that may implement or perform the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in embodiments of the present invention. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
Memory 902, which is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, may be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules. The Memory 902 may include at least one type of storage medium, and may include, for example, a flash Memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type Memory, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a charge Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), a magnetic Memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and so on. The memory 902 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to such. The memory 902 of embodiments of the present invention may also be circuitry or any other device capable of performing a storage function to store program instructions and/or data.
By programming the processor 901, codes corresponding to the uplink channel estimation method based on the 5G system described in the foregoing embodiment may be solidified in a chip, so that the chip can execute the steps of the uplink channel estimation method based on the 5G system when running.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium, where the storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are run on a computer, the computer executes the steps of the uplink channel estimation method based on the 5G system as described above.
In some possible embodiments, the aspects of the uplink channel estimation method based on a 5G system provided by the present invention can also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program codes for causing an uplink channel estimation device based on a 5G system to perform the steps in the uplink channel estimation method based on a 5G system according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention described above in this specification when the program product is run on the uplink channel estimation device based on a 5G system.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. An uplink channel estimation method based on a 5G system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS), wherein the first DMRS comprises channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and the effective subcarriers are subcarriers carrying data;
performing division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier;
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine time offset compensation information;
compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determining the channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by adopting an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conjugate operation of the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine the time offset compensation information comprises:
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine a plurality of first values;
and determining an average value of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average value, and determining time offset compensation information according to the phase value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first value X is represented as:
Figure FDA0002422435310000011
wherein, H (2K) is used for representing that the effective subcarrier position is 2K and does not includeChannel estimation information with phase rotation, H (2k + 2) is used for representing the channel estimation information which is adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and does not contain phase rotation, H '(2K) is used for representing the position of the effective subcarrier as 2K and contains initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, H' (2k + 2) is used for representing the channel estimation information which is adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and contains phase rotation, and delta n TA The time offset is used for representing the initial channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure FDA0002422435310000021
M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the finite length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining an average of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average, and determining time offset compensation information based on the phase value comprises:
the time offset compensation information is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002422435310000022
wherein | < X | < pi.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel comprises:
substituting the time offset compensation information into a compensation formula to calculate to obtain target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel;
wherein the compensation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002422435310000024
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and no phase rotation, H' (2K) is used to characterize the channel estimation information with effective subcarrier position of 2K and phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure FDA0002422435310000023
M is used for representing the number of the total bandwidth resource blocks of the uplink channel, and N is used for representing the limited length for carrying out fast Fourier change.
6. An uplink channel estimation device based on a 5G system, the device comprising:
the base station comprises a receiving module and a processing module, wherein the receiving module is used for receiving a first demodulation reference signal (DMRS), the first DMRS comprises channel information of each effective subcarrier in an uplink channel, and the effective subcarriers are subcarriers for carrying data;
the processing module is used for performing division operation on the first DMRS and a preset standard DMRS to obtain initial channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier;
a determining module, configured to perform conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier, and determine time offset compensation information;
and the channel estimation module is used for compensating the initial channel estimation information according to the time offset compensation information, obtaining target channel estimation information of each effective subcarrier in the uplink channel, and determining the channel estimation information of all subcarriers of the uplink channel by adopting an interpolation method for the target channel estimation information.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the determination module is to:
performing conjugate operation on the initial channel estimation information of two adjacent subcarriers in each effective subcarrier to determine a plurality of first values;
and determining an average value of the plurality of first values, determining a phase value of the average value, and determining time offset compensation information according to the phase value.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first value X is represented as:
Figure FDA0002422435310000031
wherein, H (2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and does not contain phase-rotated channel estimation information, H (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and does not contain phase rotation, H '(2K) is used to characterize the effective subcarrier position as 2K and contains phase-rotated initial channel estimation information, H' (2k + 2) is used to characterize the channel estimation information adjacent to the effective subcarrier H (2K) and contains phase rotation, Δ n TA The time offset is used for representing the initial channel estimation information without phase rotation and the initial channel estimation information with phase rotation, K is used for representing the number of the subcarrier, and the value range of K
Figure FDA0002422435310000032
M is used for representing the number of resource blocks, and N is used for representing the finite length for carrying out fast Fourier transform.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for calling program instructions stored in said memory and for executing the steps comprised in the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 in accordance with the obtained program instructions.
10. A storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the steps comprising the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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