CN111404610A - Remote system of satellite navigation signal - Google Patents
Remote system of satellite navigation signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN111404610A CN111404610A CN202010213654.8A CN202010213654A CN111404610A CN 111404610 A CN111404610 A CN 111404610A CN 202010213654 A CN202010213654 A CN 202010213654A CN 111404610 A CN111404610 A CN 111404610A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a remote system of satellite navigation signals, belonging to the technical field of communication transmission. The remote system comprises antenna side equipment and machine room side equipment, wherein the antenna side equipment comprises a laser, and the input end of the laser is connected with a radio frequency interface and is used for receiving the satellite navigation signal and converting an output signal into an optical signal; the single-mode optical fiber is used for receiving an optical signal and transmitting the optical signal to equipment on the machine room side; the equipment at the machine room side comprises a photoelectric converter, wherein the input end of the photoelectric converter is connected with the single-mode optical fiber and used for performing photoelectric conversion and converting the optical signal into an electric signal. The remote system can perform electro-optic conversion on the navigation signal through the antenna side equipment, outputs an optical signal with a certain wavelength through the laser, performs long-distance transmission by using the single-mode optical fiber, and finally receives the optical signal by the photoelectric converter of the equipment at the machine room side, thereby expanding the transmission distance of the satellite navigation signal from the antenna to the base station and realizing the long-distance transmission of the satellite navigation signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication transmission, and particularly relates to a remote system for satellite navigation signals.
Background
In the field of communications, a satellite navigation system is an indispensable part of people's daily life, for example, in higher communication base stations such as the current third generation, fourth generation and fifth generation communication base stations to be built, the future sixth generation and the like, a satellite navigation signal needs to be input and processed, a galileo satellite navigation system is a global positioning system developed by the european union, and with the evolution of communication base station technology and the diversified requirements of application environment and scene, the existing satellite navigation signal transmission mode cannot cover all application scenes, for example, application occasions requiring remote transmission of satellite navigation signals such as mountainous areas and super high-rise buildings, and the requirement of remote signal transmission distance cannot be met.
The communication base station of the galileo satellite navigation system generally adopts two ways to access satellite navigation signals (GPS signals) from an antenna to antenna side equipment of the communication base station, and the satellite navigation signals are transmitted to computer room side equipment at a computer room end by the antenna side equipment of the base station. The navigation signal is transmitted through the radio frequency cable and the radio frequency electric connector, and the navigation signal is converted into an optical signal and then transmitted by utilizing the multimode optical fiber and the optical fiber connector.
For the first mode, firstly, since the power of the satellite navigation radio frequency signal is small, the satellite navigation radio frequency signal gradually attenuates with the increase of the transmission distance in the radio frequency cable transmission process until the satellite navigation radio frequency signal cannot be acquired by the communication base station, so that the transmission distance is limited. Secondly, satellite navigation radio frequency signals transmitted in the radio frequency cable are easily interfered by the external environment, and the signals are distorted to cause that the communication base station cannot identify and process the signals. Finally, lightning stroke and surge signals are easy to directly input into a communication base station through an antenna and a radio frequency cable, the base station is damaged, and potential safety hazards can be caused in serious cases.
For the second mode, the satellite navigation signal is converted into an optical signal, and the adoption of multimode fiber transmission leads to the introduction of clutter into the transmission signal, which leads to the degradation of the quality of the transmitted signal. Also, this approach has the problem of being prone to the introduction of lightning strikes and surge signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a remote system for satellite navigation signals, which is used for solving the problem that the distance for transmitting the navigation signals by the remote system in the prior art is limited.
Based on the above purpose, the technical solution of the satellite navigation signal zooming-out system is as follows:
antenna side equipment, including:
the input end of the laser is connected with the radio frequency interface and is used for receiving the satellite navigation signal and converting the satellite navigation signal into an optical signal;
the single-mode optical fiber receives the optical signal and transmits the optical signal to equipment on the machine room side;
computer lab side equipment includes:
and the input end of the photoelectric converter is connected with the single-mode optical fiber and is used for performing photoelectric conversion and converting the optical signal into an electric signal.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:
the remote system can perform electro-optic conversion on the navigation signal through the antenna side equipment, outputs an optical signal with a certain wavelength through the laser, performs long-distance transmission by using the single-mode optical fiber, and finally receives the optical signal by the photoelectric converter of the equipment at the machine room side, thereby expanding the transmission distance of the satellite navigation signal from the antenna to the base station and realizing the long-distance transmission of the satellite navigation signal.
In order to realize power supply in the antenna side device, further, the antenna side device further includes:
and the feed circuit comprises a feed capacitor and a feed inductor, one end of the feed capacitor is connected with the input end of the laser, and the other end of the feed capacitor is connected with the radio frequency interface and is connected with a feed power supply through the feed inductor.
The remote system of the invention introduces the feed circuit, not only can transmit navigation signals, but also can realize the feed function, has simple circuit realization principle and saves equipment cost.
In order to protect the equipment from being damaged by surge signals, the feed circuit further comprises a suppression diode, one end of the suppression diode is connected with the input end of the laser, and the other end of the suppression diode is grounded.
In order to protect the device from the lightning signal, further, the radio frequency interface and/or the power supply end of the antenna side device further comprises:
the lightning protection circuit comprises a main branch and a discharge branch, wherein a first voltage dependent resistor, a capacitor and a second voltage dependent resistor are arranged on the main branch in series at one time, the first voltage dependent resistor is used for connecting the radio frequency interface, and the second voltage dependent resistor is used for connecting the input end of the laser;
the discharging branch comprises a first discharging branch and a second discharging branch, the first discharging branch is connected to a line between the first voltage dependent resistor and the capacitor, and the second discharging branch is connected to a line between the second voltage dependent resistor and the capacitor;
and a first inductor and a gas discharge tube are arranged in the first discharge branch in series, and a second inductor and a suppression diode are arranged in the second discharge branch in series.
In order to improve the effect of absorbing the lightning signal, the first inductor is further connected to the second inductor through a third inductor, one end of the third inductor is connected to the gas discharge tube, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the suppressor diode.
Furthermore, the single-mode fiber is arranged in the photoelectric hybrid cable, and the optical signal output end of the laser and the photoelectric converter both adopt photoelectric hybrid cable interfaces. Adopt the mixed cable of photoelectricity can transmit light signal and DC supply signal, make things convenient for the multi-scene to use.
The system further comprises an antenna side case for mounting various equipment on the antenna side and a machine room side case for mounting various equipment on the machine room side, wherein the antenna side and/or the machine room side case comprises a grounding device; the grounding device includes:
the internal grounding block is arranged on the inner side of the case wall and comprises a hole which is contracted towards the case wall, and the corresponding inner side area of the case wall of the hole is a grounding area; the part of the chassis wall provided with the internal grounding block is a chassis wall grounding part;
and the grounding column is positioned on the outer side of the grounding part of the chassis wall.
The lead wire required to be grounded inside the case is welded to the grounding area, and grounding is realized through the grounding post arranged on the outer side of the case wall, namely the lead wire does not need to be led out of the case to be grounded by equipment inside the antenna side case and/or the machine room side case, and reliable grounding can be realized through the internal grounding block.
Further, the grounding column is a stud which is riveted or welded to the outer side of the grounding part of the chassis wall, a protective nut is screwed on the stud and is in close contact with the outer side of the grounding part of the chassis wall.
Furthermore, at least one wiring nut is screwed on the grounding post and used for fastening the grounding wire of the grounding post.
Furthermore, the cross section of the hole is trapezoidal to optimize the electric field characteristic during lightning stroke and improve the reliability of equipment grounding during lightning stroke.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a remote system for satellite navigation signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna-side device in the remote system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lightning protection circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a grounding device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a front view of a chassis of an antenna side device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of a chassis of an antenna-side device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a side view of a chassis of an antenna-side device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a pole climbing installation manner of the antenna side equipment and the machine room side equipment in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a wall-mounted installation manner of antenna-side equipment and machine-room-side equipment in the embodiment of the invention;
the reference numerals in the figures are explained below:
1, a grounding pole; 2, a protective nut; 3. 4, a wiring nut; 5, a case; 6, a well; 7, a grounding area.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The remote system of satellite navigation signals, as shown in fig. 1, comprises antenna side equipment and machine room side equipment, wherein the specific antenna side equipment is as shown in fig. 2, and comprises a feed circuit and a radio frequency laser (which is a semiconductor laser) which are connected in sequence, wherein the feed circuit is used for supplying power to the antenna side equipment at an antenna end, the feed circuit comprises a feed capacitor C1 and a feed inductor L, one end of the feed capacitor C1 is connected with the radio frequency laser, the other end of the feed capacitor C1 is connected in series with a power supply DC through the feed inductor L, and the feed voltage is 5V.
The feeding circuit further comprises a suppression diode TVS1, one end of the suppression diode TVS1 is connected with the feeding capacitor C1, and the other end of the suppression diode TVS1 is grounded and used for absorbing surge current in the circuit through the suppression diode TVS1 so as to protect equipment from being damaged by the surge current.
In fig. 2, the input end of the feed capacitor C1 is used for receiving navigation signals, the output end of the feed capacitor C1 is connected to the analog signal input end of the radio frequency laser, the radio frequency laser outputs optical signals according to the received navigation signals to realize electro-optical conversion of signals, the optical signal output end of the radio frequency laser is connected to a single mode fiber, and the single mode fiber is used for connecting equipment on the machine room side.
In this embodiment, the equipment on the machine room side includes a photoelectric converter, and the photoelectric converter is connected to the single-mode fiber transmitted from the equipment on the antenna side, so as to implement photoelectric conversion of the navigation signal, and transmit the navigation signal converted into the radio frequency signal to the communication base station.
The signal transmission principle realized by the remote system is as follows:
the antenna side equipment on the antenna side receives satellite navigation signals from the antenna through a radio frequency cable and a connector, converts the received navigation signals into single-mode optical signals through electro-optical conversion of a radio frequency laser, performs signal conversion in an intensity modulation mode, and ensures signal anti-interference, long-distance and high-quality transmission because the modulated signal wavelength is 1310 nm; the single-mode optical signal is transmitted to equipment on the machine room side (namely, the base station side) of the system through single-mode optical fiber in a remote mode, the equipment on the machine room side converts the single-mode optical signal into an electric signal (namely, a radio-frequency signal) through photoelectric conversion, and the electric signal is output through a radio-frequency cable and a connector.
The antenna side device of this embodiment further includes a lightning protection circuit, as shown in fig. 3, including a main branch and a discharging branch, a first voltage dependent resistor R1, a capacitor C2 and a second voltage dependent resistor R2 are sequentially connected in series on the main branch, an input end of the first voltage dependent resistor R1 is used for receiving a navigation signal (a radio frequency signal at this time, which belongs to an electrical signal) through an antenna, and an output end of the second voltage dependent resistor R2 is connected to the feed capacitor C1.
The discharging branch comprises a first discharging branch and a second discharging branch, the first discharging branch is connected to a line between a first voltage dependent resistor R1 and a capacitor C2, the first discharging branch comprises a first inductor L1 and a gas discharging tube which are sequentially connected in series, the second discharging branch is connected to a line between a second voltage dependent resistor R2 and a capacitor C2, the second discharging branch comprises a second inductor L3 and a suppression diode TVS2 which are sequentially connected in series, the first inductor L1 is connected with the second inductor L3 through a third inductor L2, and two ends of the third inductor L2 are respectively connected with the gas discharging tube and the suppression diode TVS 2.
The two voltage dependent resistors in the lightning protection circuit are connected to the input end and the output end to play a role in modulating standing waves of the ports and detecting lightning pulses, the gas discharge tube and the suppression diode TVS2 which are connected in parallel to the end of the third inductor L2 can well absorb lightning and pulse trigger signals, and the suppression diode TVS2 can clamp the voltage at the two ends of the suppression diode at a preset value, so that the following circuit elements are prevented from being damaged due to transient high-energy impact.
By adopting the lightning protection circuit, the radio frequency interface of the antenna side equipment can bear typical 5KA and 10kA at most, and the lightning with the waveform of 8/20us is generated for the duration; as other embodiments, the lightning protection circuit in this embodiment may also be used in a radio frequency interface of equipment on the machine room side, and may also be used in a power interface of the equipment on the antenna side and the equipment on the machine room side, where the power interface can withstand lightning of typically 10kA, 20kA at maximum, and a waveform of 8/20us for a time.
In this embodiment, the power supply of the antenna side device and the equipment in the machine room side both adopt an ac and dc dual-power supply large-range mode (ac adopts 85-305V commercial power, and dc adopts-18 to-75V dc power), and the single-mode fiber in the remote system adopts a photoelectric hybrid cable, and the optical signal output end of the semiconductor laser and the photoelectric converter both adopt a photoelectric hybrid cable interface, and a PG joint is adopted, so that a good waterproof design can be achieved. Adopt the mixed cable of photoelectricity can transmit light signal and DC supply signal, make things convenient for the multi-scene to use.
In this embodiment, antenna-side equipment and machine-room-side equipment are respectively placed in separate chassis, taking a chassis of the antenna-side equipment as an example, a front view of the specific chassis is shown in fig. 5, where the chassis is provided with four interfaces, a first interface is used to receive a navigation signal, a second interface is used to connect an optical-electrical hybrid cable, a third interface is used to connect an alternating-current power supply AC220V, and a fourth interface is used to connect to ground, a top view of the chassis is shown in fig. 6, and a side view of the chassis is shown in fig. 7.
In fig. 5, a grounding device is arranged at the outer wall of the chassis, the grounding device includes an internal grounding block and a grounding column 1, the internal grounding block is arranged at the inner side of the chassis wall, and includes a hole 6 shrinking towards the chassis wall, the cross section of the hole is trapezoidal, and the inner side area of the chassis wall corresponding to the hole 6 is a grounding area 7; the part of the chassis wall provided with the internal grounding block is a chassis wall grounding part; the grounding column 1 is positioned outside the grounding part of the chassis wall. As shown in fig. 4, the grounding column 1 is preferably a stud riveted or welded to the outer side of the grounding part of the chassis wall, a protective nut 2 is screwed on the stud, and the protective nut 2 is in close contact with the outer side of the grounding part of the chassis wall to prevent the corrosion of the ground plane of the chassis by the moisture in the air. In addition, the grounding column 1 is also provided with wiring nuts 3 and 4 in a screwed mode, and the wiring nuts are used for fastening a grounding wire of the grounding column 1.
In this embodiment, the outer wall of the case 5 is painted for preventing the case from being corroded by water vapor in the air, the grounding form in the case 5 adopts a form that an internal inverted triangular module is welded with the case, and the cross section of the hole 6 is trapezoidal, so that the electric field characteristic during lightning stroke is optimized, and the reliability of equipment grounding during lightning stroke is improved. When production equipment, the inside inverted triangle module for forming the hole 6 can be milled out firstly and then welded on the inner wall of the case, so that the production cost is saved, the case can be fully grounded, and the machining cost is reduced compared with the mode of machining the whole case.
The lead wire required to be grounded inside the case is welded to the grounding area, and grounding is realized through the grounding post arranged on the outer side of the case wall, namely the lead wire does not need to be led out of the case to be grounded by equipment inside the antenna side case and/or the machine room side case, and reliable grounding can be realized through the internal grounding block.
In this embodiment, the machine room side chassis and the antenna side chassis have the same structure, and the grounding device is also the same in structure, so that the description is omitted. In addition, the antenna side equipment and the machine room side equipment in the embodiment have two reliable installation modes of climbing poles and hanging on the wall, wherein the climbing pole installation mode is shown in fig. 8, and the hanging wall installation mode is shown in fig. 9.
In summary, the advantages of the zoom-out system of the present invention are as follows:
(1) the transmission distance of the satellite navigation signals from the antenna to the base station is extended, the satellite navigation signals are transmitted in a long distance (stable transmission of signals not less than 5 km), and the satellite navigation signals can be transmitted for 10km at most.
(2) The high-quality transmission of satellite navigation signals is realized, the electromagnetic interference can be resisted, and the satellite navigation signals can still be accurately received and processed by a base station after being transmitted in a long distance under a complex electromagnetic environment.
(3) The interface protection function is realized, lightning stroke and surge signals can be isolated, the signals cannot be directly input into the communication base station through the antenna and the radio frequency cable, and the safety protection of the communication base station is realized.
(4) Since the remote system of this embodiment introduces the feed circuit, which can both transmit the navigation signal and realize the feed function, the interface set at the signal input end of the feed circuit in fig. 2 is both a radio frequency signal interface and a feed interface, and the circuit implementation principle is simple, and the equipment cost is saved. The device is provided with the photoelectric hybrid cable, and under the environment that 220V alternating current power supply is not available at the outside, photoelectric can be carried out by the photoelectric hybrid cable, and optical signals can be transmitted.
(5) The equipment has two reliable mounting methods of climbing a pole and hanging a wall, and the equipment adopts two power supply methods of alternating current and direct current simultaneously, can use in multiple service environment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for zooming out a satellite navigation signal, comprising:
antenna side equipment, including:
the input end of the laser is connected with the radio frequency interface and is used for receiving the satellite navigation signal and converting the satellite navigation signal into an optical signal;
the single-mode optical fiber receives the optical signal and transmits the optical signal to equipment on the machine room side;
computer lab side equipment includes:
and the input end of the photoelectric converter is connected with the single-mode optical fiber and is used for performing photoelectric conversion and converting the optical signal into an electric signal.
2. The system for pulling out satellite navigation signals according to claim 1, wherein the antenna-side apparatus further comprises:
and the feed circuit comprises a feed capacitor and a feed inductor, one end of the feed capacitor is connected with the input end of the laser, and the other end of the feed capacitor is connected with the radio frequency interface and is connected with a feed power supply through the feed inductor.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the feeding circuit further comprises a suppressor diode, one end of the suppressor diode is connected to the input end of the laser, and the other end of the suppressor diode is grounded.
4. The system for pulling out satellite navigation signals according to claim 1, wherein the radio frequency interface and/or the power supply terminal of the antenna-side device further comprises:
the lightning protection circuit comprises a main branch and a discharge branch, wherein a first voltage dependent resistor, a capacitor and a second voltage dependent resistor are arranged on the main branch in series at one time, the first voltage dependent resistor is used for connecting the radio frequency interface, and the second voltage dependent resistor is used for connecting the input end of the laser;
the discharging branch comprises a first discharging branch and a second discharging branch, the first discharging branch is connected to a line between the first voltage dependent resistor and the capacitor, and the second discharging branch is connected to a line between the second voltage dependent resistor and the capacitor;
and a first inductor and a gas discharge tube are arranged in the first discharge branch in series, and a second inductor and a suppression diode are arranged in the second discharge branch in series.
5. The remote system according to claim 4, wherein the first inductor is connected to the second inductor through a third inductor, one end of the third inductor is connected to the gas discharge tube, and the other end of the second inductor is connected to the suppressor diode.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the single-mode fiber is disposed in an optical-electrical hybrid cable, and the optical signal output end of the laser and the optical-electrical converter both use an optical-electrical hybrid cable interface.
7. The system for remote control of satellite navigation signals according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising an antenna side cabinet for mounting various devices on the antenna side, and a machine room side cabinet for mounting various devices on the machine room side, wherein the antenna side and/or the machine room side cabinet comprises a grounding device; the grounding device includes:
the internal grounding block is arranged on the inner side of the case wall and comprises a hole which is contracted towards the case wall, and the corresponding inner side area of the case wall of the hole is a grounding area; the part of the chassis wall provided with the internal grounding block is a chassis wall grounding part,
and the grounding column is positioned on the outer side of the grounding part of the chassis wall.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the ground stud is a stud riveted or welded to the outer side of the ground portion of the chassis wall, and a protection nut is screwed on the stud and is in close contact with the outer side of the ground portion of the chassis wall.
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein at least one binding nut is screwed on the ground pole, and the binding nut is used for fastening a ground wire of the ground pole.
10. The system according to claim 7, wherein the cross-section of the hole is trapezoidal.
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Effective date of registration: 20230904 Address after: 201100 floor 10, building 5, No. 525, Yuanjiang Road, Minhang District, Shanghai Patentee after: AVIC Optoelectronics (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 471003 No.10 Zhoushan Road, high tech Development Zone, Luoyang City, Henan Province Patentee before: AVIC JONHON OPTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |