CN111404237B - Onboard charging controller for tapped battery and control method thereof - Google Patents
Onboard charging controller for tapped battery and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An onboard charging controller for tapped battery and a control method thereof are provided, wherein the controller comprises an input protection filter unit, a main charging source module, a bidirectional power supply module, a communication module and the like. The input power is connected to the input end of the main charging source module through a circuit after passing through the input protection filter unit, the output end of the main charging source module is respectively connected to the H/L end of the bidirectional power module through a circuit, the M end of the bidirectional power module is connected to the positive electrode of the tap battery, and any group of batteries in the battery BatH and the battery BatL can be charged independently. Meanwhile, the output end of the main charging source module is connected to the total positive electrode/total negative electrode of the storage battery pack, so that the storage battery pack can be charged integrally. The storage battery system adopts two sets of battery management systems to independently manage the high-end battery and the low-end battery respectively. The invention can effectively solve the problem of inconsistent voltage between the middle-tap battery and the rest batteries, does not need to additionally increase circuits, and is convenient to use and maintain and easy to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to an onboard charging controller for a battery with a tap and a control method thereof.
Background
In recent years, along with the continuous improvement of lithium battery technology, lithium ion batteries are widely used as an engine starting power supply and an emergency power supply for an unmanned aerial vehicle power system with the advantages of small volume, light weight, long cycle life, high energy density, simplicity and convenience in use and maintenance and the like. The engine starting power supply is mainly used for starting the engine on the ground or in the air, and the storage battery pack is required to have high-rate discharge capacity. The emergency power supply is mainly used for maintaining the power supply of key electric equipment of an airplane when faults such as a generator or an engine occur, and has certain discharging capability, and is safe and reliable. The charging controller charges the storage battery pack when the main power supply of the aircraft is normal, so that the storage battery pack is always kept in a full-power state to ensure the cruising ability of the aircraft under emergency conditions.
Because the aircraft power supply system has the limitations of factors such as size, weight, power, cost and the like, the starting power supply and the emergency power supply are born by the same power supply sometimes, and the starting power supply voltages of different devices are different, only one tap can be led out from part of batteries of the emergency power supply to be used as the starting power supply. When the battery pack is tapped, the consistency of the single batteries can be destroyed, although a Battery Management System (BMS) has certain charge equalization capability, the equalization current is smaller, the voltage of the single battery at the charging end rises faster, and when any single battery voltage reaches a charge protection threshold value, a charging loop is cut off, and the tapped battery is not fully charged at the moment, so that the consistency of the voltage of each single battery of the battery pack can not be achieved only by BMS equalization. The voltage difference of each single battery is larger and larger for a long time, irreversible capacity loss caused by overdischarge of the battery is easy to occur, and the discharging capability and the service life of the battery pack are seriously affected. Although the ground equipment can be used for manually equalizing charge of the single battery, the operation is complex and the time is long, which is inconvenient for maintenance and use. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a charging device that can effectively balance the voltages of the individual battery cells among the battery packs and is convenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an onboard charging controller for a battery with a tap and a control method thereof.
An on-board charge controller for a tapped battery, characterized by: the high-voltage power supply comprises a main charging source module, a bidirectional power supply module, and a high-end battery and a low-end battery which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a high-voltage output end of the main charging module is electrically connected with an H end of the bidirectional power supply module, a low-voltage output end of the main charging module is electrically connected with an L end of the bidirectional power supply module, the H end is electrically connected with an anode of the high-end battery, the L end is electrically connected with a cathode of the low-end battery, and an M end arranged by the bidirectional power supply module is electrically connected with a common point of the high-end battery and the low-end battery;
the positive end of the high-end battery is electrically connected with the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module after passing through a resistor R1, and the common point of the high-end battery and the low-end battery is electrically connected with the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module after passing through a resistor R2;
And the high-end battery is provided with a battery management system H, the low-end battery is provided with a battery management system L, and the battery management system H and the battery management system L are electrically connected with the communication end of the main charging source module.
The method further comprises the following steps: the power supply on the machine is electrically connected with the input end of the main charging power supply module after passing through the input protection filtering unit; and the communication end of the main charging source module is electrically connected.
An on-board charge control method for a tapped battery, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps of:
Step 1: judging the magnitude relation between a charging request value BmsH _I_Ask sent out by the battery management system H and a charging request current value BmsL _I_Ask sent out by the battery management system L, and performing step 2 when the BmsH _I_Ask is equal to BmsL _I_Ask; when BmsH _i_ask is greater than BmsL _i_ask, performing step 3; when BmsH _i_ask is smaller than BmsL _i_ask, performing step 4;
step 2: the main charging source module directly charges the high-end battery and the low-end battery;
Step 3: the M_L input current setting of the bi-directional power module Schger is:
SchgerI_L_Set＝(BmsL_I_Ask-BmsH_I_Ask)*BatH_V/(BatL_V+BatH_V)；
schger h_m output current set point: schgerI _h_set= +i_max;
Schger h_m output current actual value: schgerI _h= -SchgerI _l_set (BatL _v/BatH _v);
the output current set value of the main charging source module is as follows: mchgerI _set= BmsL _i_ask-SchgerI _l_set;
the actual charging current of the high-end battery is as follows: batH _i= MchgerI _set+ S chgerI _h;
the actual charging current of the low-end battery is: batL _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _l_set;
Wherein:
BmsH _i_ash and BmsL _i_ash are battery management system charge request current values for the high-side battery and the low-side battery, respectively;
BatH _v and BatL _v are the current high-side battery or low-side battery actual voltage values, respectively;
I_max is the maximum output current value of the bidirectional power supply module;
SchgerI _H_set and SchgerI _L_set are input (output) currents of H_M terminal/M_L terminal of Schger respectively;
The step 4:
Schger the h_m input current set point is:
SchgerI_H_Set＝(BmsH_I_Ask-BmsL_I_Ask)*BatL_V/(BatL_V+BatH_V)；
schger, the m_l output current set point: schgerI _l_set= +i_max;
Schger, the actual value of the m_l output current: schgerI _l= -SchgerI _h_set (BatH _v/BatL _v);
the output current set value of the main charging source module is as follows: mchgerI _set= BmsH _i_ask-SchgerI _h_set;
the actual charging current of the high-end battery is as follows: batH _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _h_set;
the actual charging current of the low-end battery is: batL _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _l;
Wherein:
BmsH _i_ash and BmsL _i_ash are battery management system charge request current values for the high-side battery and the low-side battery, respectively;
BatH _v and BatL _v are the current high-side and low-side battery actual voltages, respectively;
I_max is the maximum output current value of the bidirectional power supply module;
SchgerI _H_set/SchgerI _L_set are input (output) currents of the H_M end/M_L end of Schgerer respectively;
the method further comprises the following steps: under the condition that no external charging power supply is connected, the following steps are carried out:
when the single voltage of the high-end battery BatH is higher than that of the low-end battery BatL and the single voltage difference of the high-end battery BatH and the low-end battery BatL is higher than a set threshold, the high-end battery BatH is discharged through the bidirectional power supply module, and the bidirectional power supply module works in an H-M input mode and an M-L output mode at the moment, so that the high-end battery BatH charges the low-end voltage battery BatL;
when the cell voltage of the low-side battery BatL is higher than the cell voltage of the high-side battery BatH and the cell voltage difference between the two is higher than the set threshold, the low-side battery BatL is discharged through the bi-directional power module, and the bi-directional power module operates in the M-L input/H-M output mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. When the charging controller detects that the BMS charging request current values of the high-side battery BatH and the low-side battery BatL are equal under the condition that an external charging power supply is connected, the charging controller integrally charges the battery pack through the main charging source module, and at the moment, the bidirectional power supply module is not started. When the charge controller detects that the BMS charging request current values of the high-side battery BatH and the low-side battery BatL are different, the main charge source module and the bi-directional power source module simultaneously operate to charge the battery BatH and the battery BatL with different currents.
2. Under the condition that no external charging power supply is connected, when the charging controller detects that the single differential pressure between the high-end battery BatH and the low-end battery BatL reaches a set threshold value, the bidirectional power supply module can be started to charge the end with the low single battery voltage from the end with the high single battery voltage, so that the single differential pressure between the two groups of batteries is reduced until the voltage is consistent.
The charging method can effectively solve the problem of inconsistent voltage between the middle-tap battery and the rest batteries, does not need to additionally increase a circuit, is convenient to use and maintain, and is easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an on-board charge controller for a tapped battery;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the bi-directional power module according to the present invention in different modes;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the invention in which the charging currents of the high-side and low-side batteries are equal when the batteries are charged as a whole;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the present invention in which the high side current is greater than the low side current when the battery is charged as a whole;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of the present invention in which the high side current is less than the low side current when the battery is charged as a whole;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of charging the low-side battery from the high-side battery according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation mode of charging the high-side battery from the low-side battery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the examples of the present invention, terms of left, middle, right, upper, lower, etc. are merely relative concepts or references to normal use states of the product, and should not be construed as limiting.
An onboard charge controller for a tapped battery, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a main charge source module MchgerI, a bidirectional power source module Schger, and a high-end battery BatH and a low-end battery BatL which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a high-voltage output end of the main charge module is electrically connected with an H end of the bidirectional power source module, a low-voltage output end of the main charge module is electrically connected with an L end of the bidirectional power source module, the H end is electrically connected with an anode of the high-end battery, the L end is electrically connected with a cathode of the low-end battery, and an M end of the bidirectional power source module is electrically connected with a common point of the high-end battery and the low-end battery;
the positive end of the high-end battery is electrically connected with the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module after passing through a resistor R1, and the common point of the high-end battery and the low-end battery is electrically connected with the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module after passing through a resistor R2;
And the high-end battery is provided with a battery management system H, the low-end battery is provided with a battery management system L, and the battery management system H and the battery management system L are electrically connected with the communication end of the main charging source module.
The power supply on the machine is electrically connected with the input end of the main charging power supply module after passing through the input protection filtering unit; and the communication end of the main charging source module is electrically connected.
An on-board charging control method for a tapped battery, comprising the steps of:
Step 1: judging the magnitude relation between a charging request value BmsH _I_Ask sent out by the battery management system H and a charging request current value BmsL _I_Ask sent out by the battery management system L, and performing step 2 when the BmsH _I_Ask is equal to BmsL _I_Ask; when BmsH _i_ask is greater than BmsL _i_ask, performing step 3; when BmsH _i_ask is smaller than BmsL _i_ask, performing step 4;
Step 2: working mode schematic diagram referring to fig. 3, the main charging source module directly charges the high-end battery and the low-end battery;
step 3: mode of operation referring to fig. 4, the set value of the m_l input current of the bi-directional power module Schger is:
SchgerI_L_Set＝(BmsL_I_Ask-BmsH_I_Ask)*BatH_V/(BatL_V+BatH_V)；
schger h_m output current set point: schgerI _h_set= +i_max;
Schger h_m output current actual value: schgerI _h= -SchgerI _l_set (BatL _v/BatH _v);
the output current set value of the main charging source module is as follows: mchgerI _set= BmsL _i_ask-SchgerI _l_set;
the actual charging current of the high-end battery is as follows: batH _i= MchgerI _set+ S chgerI _h;
the actual charging current of the low-end battery is: batL _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _l_set;
Wherein:
BmsH _i_ash and BmsL _i_ash are battery management system charge request current values for the high-side battery and the low-side battery, respectively;
BatH _v and BatL _v are the current high-side battery or low-side battery actual voltage values, respectively;
I_max is the maximum output current value of the bidirectional power supply module;
SchgerI _H_set and SchgerI _L_set are input (output) currents of H_M terminal/M_L terminal of Schger respectively;
Assume that: batH _v=10v, batl_v=15v. BmsH _i_ask=10a, bmsl_i_ask=5a; schgerI _l_set= [ (BmsL _i_ask-BmsH _i_ask) × BatH _v/(BatL _v+ BatH _v) ] a= -2A.
MchgerI_Set＝(BmsL_I_Ask-SchgerI_L_Set)A＝7A。
When the constant current control device works, mchger and Schger enter a constant current mode, a Mchger constant current output 7A is controlled, and an M_L constant current input SchgerI _L_set of Schger is controlled to be-2A. The h_m output current SchgerI _h of Schger is- (-2A) × BatL _v/BatH _v) =3a (ignoring conversion efficiency effects). The actual charging current BatH _i of the high-side battery is 7a+3a=10a, and the charging current BatL _i of the low-side battery is 7a+ (-2A) =5a, which meets the requirements of the BMS charging request and meets the requirements of charging the batteries BatH and BatL with different currents. The above calculation is also applicable to the case where the low-side battery BMS charge request current is 0, and the high-side battery is charged alone at this time.
The step 4:
mode of operation referring to fig. 5, the h_m input current set point for schger is:
SchgerI_H_Set＝(BmsH_I_Ask-BmsL_I_Ask)*BatL_V/(BatL_V+BatH_V)；
schger, the m_l output current set point: schgerI _l_set= +i_max;
Schger, the actual value of the m_l output current: schgerI _l= -SchgerI _h_set (BatH _v/BatL _v);
the output current set value of the main charging source module is as follows: mchgerI _set= BmsH _i_ask-SchgerI _h_set;
the actual charging current of the high-end battery is as follows: batH _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _h_set;
the actual charging current of the low-end battery is: batL _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _l;
Wherein:
BmsH _i_ash and BmsL _i_ash are battery management system charge request current values for the high-side battery and the low-side battery, respectively;
BatH _v and BatL _v are the current high-side and low-side battery actual voltages, respectively;
I_max is the maximum output current value of the bidirectional power supply module;
SchgerI _H_set/SchgerI _L_set are input (output) currents of the H_M end/M_L end of Schgerer respectively;
Assume that: batH _v=10v, batl_v=15v. BmsH _i_ash=5a, bmsl_i_ash=10a;
Then SchgerI _h_set= (BmsH _i_ask-BmsL _i_ask) × BatL _v/(BatL _v+ BatH _v) ] a= -3 (a);
MchgerI_Set＝BmsH_I_Ask-SchgerI_L_Set＝5-(-3)＝8(A)。
When the power supply works, mchger and Schger enter a constant current mode, mchger constant current output 8A is controlled, and the H_M input current SchgerI _H_set of Schger is controlled to be-3A. The m_l output current SchgerI _l of Schger is- (-3A) × BatH _v/BatL _v) =2a (ignoring conversion efficiency effects). The low-side battery actual charging current BatL _i is 8a+2a=10a and the high-side battery charging current BatH _i is 8a+ (-3A) =5a. Meets the requirements of the BMS charging request and meets the requirements of the batteries BatH and BatL for charging at different currents. The above calculation is also applicable to the case where the high-side battery BMS charge request current is 0, and the low-side battery is charged alone at this time.
The main charging source module calculates output current parameters of the main charging source module and the bidirectional power source module according to a charging request current value of the storage battery pack battery management system, and controls the output current of the main charging source module, the working mode of the bidirectional power source module and the input (output) current of the bidirectional power source module. Here, the current direction of the bidirectional power supply module is defined as negative input and positive output.
In addition, when no external charging power source is connected, the following steps are performed:
When the single voltage of the high-side battery BatH is higher than the single voltage of the low-side battery BatL and the single voltage difference between the two is higher than the set threshold, the high-side battery BatH is discharged through the bidirectional power module, and the bidirectional power module works in the H-M input mode and the M-L output mode at the moment, so that the high-side battery BatH charges the low-side voltage battery BatL, and the schematic diagram of the working mode is shown in fig. 6;
When the cell voltage of the low-side battery BatL is higher than the cell voltage of the high-side battery BatH and the cell voltage difference between the two is higher than the set threshold, the low-side battery BatL is discharged through the bi-directional power module, and the bi-directional power module operates in the M-L input/H-M output mode, so as to charge the high-side battery BatH by the low-side battery BatL, and the schematic diagram of the operation mode is shown in fig. 7.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the input power supply is connected to the input end of the main charging source module through a circuit after passing through the input protection filtering unit, the output end of the main charging source module is respectively connected to the H/L end of the bidirectional power supply module through a circuit, the M end of the bidirectional power supply module is connected to the positive electrode of the tap battery (the tap battery BatL is a low-end battery and the BatH is a high-end battery) and any group of batteries in the battery BatH and the battery BatL can be charged independently. Meanwhile, the output end of the main charging source module is connected to the total positive electrode/total negative electrode of the storage battery pack, so that the storage battery pack can be charged integrally. The battery system adopts two sets of battery management systems (BmsH and BmsL) to independently manage the high-end battery and the low-end battery respectively. And the main charging source module is communicated with the bidirectional power source module, the BmsH and the BmsL through an RS422 multi-machine bus, wherein the main charging source module is a communication host, and the bidirectional power source modules BmsH and BmsL are all communication slaves. Meanwhile, data transmission and information interaction are also carried out between the main charging source module and the upper computer through an RS422 communication mode.
The input protection filter unit comprises a Schottky rectifier diode, an anti-surge impact transient voltage suppression diode, a filter and the like, so that the anti-interference capability of the controller is improved, and the electromagnetic compatibility requirement is met; the main charging source module (Mchger) can realize voltage conversion and output control of an input power supply and communication among the main charging source module, the bidirectional power supply module, the battery management system and the upper computer, the output voltage range is continuously adjustable from 14V to 30V, and the current is continuously adjustable from 0A to 10A.
In addition, the bi-directional power module (Schger) may implement bi-directional inputs and bi-directional outputs. When the bidirectional power supply module works in an H-M input/M-L output mode, input power is input from an H-M end and output from an M-L end; when the bidirectional power supply module works in an M-L input/H-M output mode, input power is input from an M-L end and output from an H-M end. The H-M input/M-L output mode and the M-L input/H-M output mode can work in four different working states of constant voltage input-constant voltage output, constant voltage input-constant current output, constant current input-constant voltage output and constant current input-constant current output, the constant current value is continuously adjustable from-5A to +5A (the negative sign indicates input, the positive sign indicates output), and the constant voltage value is continuously adjustable from 7.5V to 18V.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. An on-board charge controller for a tapped battery, characterized by: the high-voltage power supply comprises a main charging source module, a bidirectional power supply module, and a high-end battery and a low-end battery which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the high-voltage output end of the main charging source module is electrically connected with the H end of the bidirectional power supply module, the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module is electrically connected with the L end of the bidirectional power supply module, the H end is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the high-end battery, the L end is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the low-end battery, and the M end arranged by the bidirectional power supply module is electrically connected with a common point of the high-end battery and the low-end battery;
the positive end of the high-end battery is electrically connected with the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module after passing through a resistor R1, and the common point of the high-end battery and the low-end battery is electrically connected with the low-voltage output end of the main charging source module after passing through a resistor R2;
And the high-end battery is provided with a battery management system H, the low-end battery is provided with a battery management system L, and the battery management system H and the battery management system L are electrically connected with the communication end of the main charging source module.
2. An on-board charge controller for a tapped battery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the power supply on the machine is electrically connected with the input end of the main charging source module after passing through the input protection filtering unit; and the communication end of the main charging source module is electrically connected.
3. An on-board charge control method for a tapped battery, characterized by: an on-board charge controller for a tapped battery as claimed in claim 1 or 2, with external charging power supply connected, and comprising the steps of:
step 1: judging the magnitude relation between a charging request value BmsH _I_Ask sent out by the battery management system H and a charging request current value BmsL _I_Ask sent out by the battery management system L, and performing step 2 when the BmsH _I_Ask is equal to BmsL _I_Ask; when BmsH _i_ask is greater than BmsL _i_ask, performing step 3; when BmsH _i_ask is smaller than BmsL _i_ask, performing step 4;
step 2: the main charging source module directly charges the high-end battery and the low-end battery;
Step 3: the M_L input current setting of the bi-directional power module Schger is:
SchgerI_L_Set=(BmsL_I_Ask - BmsH_I_Ask)* BatH_V/(BatL_V+BatH_V)；
schger h_m output current set point: schgerI _h_set= +i_max;
schger h_m output current actual value: schgerI _h= -SchgerI _l_set (BatL _v/BatH _v);
The output current set value of the main charging source module is as follows: mchgerI _set= BmsL _i_ask-SchgerI _l_set;
the actual charging current of the high-end battery is as follows: batH _i= MchgerI _set+ S chgerI _h;
the actual charging current of the low-end battery is: batL _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _l_set;
Wherein:
BmsH _i_ash and BmsL _i_ash are battery management system charge request current values for the high-side battery and the low-side battery, respectively;
BatH _v and BatL _v are the current high-side battery or low-side battery actual voltage values, respectively;
i_max is the maximum output current value of the bidirectional power supply module;
SchgerI _H_set and SchgerI _L_set are input/output currents of H_M end/M_L end of Schger respectively;
The step 4:
Schger the h_m input current set point is:
SchgerI_H_Set=(BmsH_I_Ask - BmsL_I_Ask)* BatL_V/(BatL_V+BatH_V)；
schger, the m_l output current set point: schgerI _l_set= +i_max;
Schger, the actual value of the m_l output current: schgerI _l= -SchgerI _h_set (BatH _v/BatL _v);
The output current set value of the main charging source module is as follows: mchgerI _set= BmsH _i_ask-SchgerI _h_set;
The actual charging current of the high-end battery is as follows: batH _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _h_set;
the actual charging current of the low-end battery is: batL _i= MchgerI _set+ SchgerI _l;
Wherein:
BmsH _i_ash and BmsL _i_ash are battery management system charge request current values for the high-side battery and the low-side battery, respectively;
BatH _v and BatL _v are the current high-side and low-side battery actual voltages, respectively;
i_max is the maximum output current value of the bidirectional power supply module;
SchgerI _H_set/SchgerI _L_set are input/output currents of H_M terminal/M_L terminal of Schgerer, respectively.
4. An on-board charge control method for a tapped battery as defined in claim 3, wherein: under the condition that no external charging power supply is connected, the following steps are carried out:
When the single voltage of the high-end battery BatH is higher than that of the low-end battery BatL and the single voltage difference of the high-end battery and the low-end battery is higher than a set threshold, the high-end battery BatH is discharged through the bidirectional power supply module, and the bidirectional power supply module works in an H-M input mode and an M-L output mode;
when the cell voltage of the low-side battery BatL is higher than the cell voltage of the high-side battery BatH and the cell voltage difference between the two is higher than the set threshold, the low-side battery BatL is discharged through the bi-directional power module, and the bi-directional power module operates in the M-L input/H-M output mode.
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