CN111402851B - Bionic phonon crystal and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Bionic phonon crystal and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111402851B CN111402851B CN202010175200.6A CN202010175200A CN111402851B CN 111402851 B CN111402851 B CN 111402851B CN 202010175200 A CN202010175200 A CN 202010175200A CN 111402851 B CN111402851 B CN 111402851B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 45
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- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C60/00—Computational materials science, i.e. ICT specially adapted for investigating the physical or chemical properties of materials or phenomena associated with their design, synthesis, processing, characterisation or utilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a bionic phonon crystal and a manufacturing method thereof, the bionic phonon crystal comprises a bead string structure, the bead string structure comprises a plurality of unit cell structures, the unit cell structures comprise first central fibers and bead structures wrapped on the surfaces of the first central fibers, and the first central fibers of the plurality of unit cell structures are sequentially connected along the extending direction of the first central fibers; the material of the bead structure is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure, the material parameters of the bead structure are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, and the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density; the shear modulus of the first central fiber is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than that of the bead structure, and the density of the first central fiber and the density of the bead structure are in the same order of magnitude, so that the band gap center frequency and the band gap width of the bionic photonic crystal are in a preset range, and the working frequency of the bionic photonic crystal is in the preset range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phonon crystals, in particular to a bionic phonon crystal and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Acoustic technology is widely used at various levels in production and life. The design and fabrication of advanced acoustic materials and structures is a necessary condition for achieving a range of acoustic applications. Phonon crystals are used as an acoustic material and structure with periodically distributed material parameters, and have elastic band gap characteristics, namely: elastic waves in the band gap frequency range can be prevented from propagating therein. By utilizing the characteristic, the phonon crystal can be widely applied to various engineering fields such as nondestructive testing, signal transmission, structural protection and the like.
The research on phonon crystals mainly extends around the aspects of regulation, application and the like of elastic band gaps. Phonon crystals can be largely divided into two types, respectively a bragg scattering type and a local resonance type, according to the difference of band gap formation mechanisms. Currently, both types of phonon crystals have certain limitations in practical application.
The elastic band gap of the bragg scattering phonon crystal is formed by interference cancellation phenomenon which occurs when an elastic wave with a specific frequency propagates in a periodic scatterer. This mechanism defines that the elastic wave wavelength corresponding to the first bandgap center frequency is twice the size of phonon crystal unit cell (i.e., the smallest periodic unit). Therefore, when the geometry of such phonon crystals is determined, it is difficult to achieve further regulation of the bandgap center frequency. In contrast, the generation of a localized resonance photonic crystal bandgap relies primarily on resonance effects induced by local coupling of an elastic wave to the photonic crystal structure. This mechanism is to achieve sub-wavelength tuning of the elastic band gap, namely: the possibility is provided to block longer wavelength waves with smaller structural dimensions.
However, in general, the frequency range covered by the localized resonance phenomenon is generally small, so that the band gap width of such phonon crystals is generally narrow. The limitation on the range of the working frequency is an important technical problem faced and to be solved in practical application of the local resonance type phonon crystal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a bionic photonic crystal and a method for manufacturing the same, so as to widen the operating frequency range of the local resonance type photonic crystal.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the bionic phononic crystal comprises a bead string structure, wherein the bead string structure comprises a plurality of unit cell structures, each unit cell structure comprises a first central fiber and a bead structure wrapped on the surface of each first central fiber, and the first central fibers of the plurality of unit cell structures are sequentially connected along the extending direction of the first central fibers;
the material of the bead structure is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure, the material parameters of the bead structure are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, and the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density;
wherein the shear modulus of the first central fiber is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than the shear modulus of the bead structure, the density of the first central fiber and the density of the bead structure being on the same order of magnitude.
Optionally, the bionic phononic crystal includes a plurality of bead structures sequentially arranged along a first direction and a plurality of second central fibers sequentially arranged along the second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;
the extending direction of the first central fiber is the same as the second direction, the extending direction of the second central fiber is the same as the first direction, and the second central fiber and the first central fiber are fixed in a crossing way.
Optionally, the second central fiber is an elongated cylinder.
Optionally, the diameter of the second central fiber ranges from 1h to 10h; wherein h is the diameter of the first central fiber.
Optionally, the material of the second central fiber includes polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, nylon, and polycarbonate.
Optionally, the first central fiber is an elongated cylinder;
preferably, the diameter of the first central fiber ranges from 1 μm to 1cm;
preferably the bead structure is spheroid or spheroid;
preferably, the bead structure has a diameter in the range of 3h to 5h perpendicular to the direction of the first central fiber, wherein h is the diameter of the first central fiber;
preferably, the material of the first central fiber includes polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, nylon and polycarbonate; materials for the bead structure include silicone rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, low density polyethylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Optionally, the bead structure is wrapped on the surface of the first central fiber by means of gluing.
Optionally, the number of bead structures in the bead string structure is greater than or equal to 6.
A method of fabricating a biomimetic photonic crystal, the method comprising:
determining the size of the unit cell structure and the material of the first central fiber;
calculating energy band curves of unit cell structures with bead structures of different materials, and determining a material parameter value range of the bead structures according to the energy band curves and the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, wherein the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density;
and determining the material of the bead structure according to the range of the material parameter values of the bead structure.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
according to the bionic photonic crystal and the manufacturing method thereof, the material of the bead structure is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure, the material parameters of the bead structure are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the bionic photonic crystal, the material parameters comprise the shear modulus and/or the density, the shear modulus of the first central fiber is 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than that of the bead structure, and the density of the first central fiber and the density of the bead structure are the same orders of magnitude, so that the band gap center frequency and the band gap width of the bionic photonic crystal are in a preset range, and the working frequency of the bionic photonic crystal is in the preset range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a biomimetic photonic crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a band curve of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a plot of the band gap center frequency of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal according to the variation of the prune parameter;
fig. 7 is a variation curve of band gap width of a one-dimensional bionic photonic crystal according to a parameter of a prune according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a plot of the band gap center frequency of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal according to the change of shear modulus;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the variation of the band gap width of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal with shear modulus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the variation of the band gap center frequency and width of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal with density according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the variation of the band gap center frequency of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal with shear modulus and density according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the variation of the band gap width of a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal with shear modulus and density according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing transmission characteristics of a band structure and a supercell structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the propagation characteristics of elastic waves at the passband frequency of a two-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the propagation characteristics of elastic waves at the band gap frequency in the horizontal direction of a two-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 16.
Detailed Description
Just as in the background art, how to effectively adjust the band gap center frequency and the width of the local resonance type photonic crystal by designing the structure and the material composition, and further adjust the working frequency range of the local resonance type photonic crystal has been a problem of widespread attention of those skilled in the art.
The inventor researches and discovers that the circular spider web is a natural biological structure woven by circular spider. The circular spider mainly relies on the regulation and detection of elastic waves propagated on the circular spider to realize the efficient and accurate perception of the surrounding environment. The realization of the function reflects the evolution of the circular spider web structure for hundreds of millions of years and long-term natural selection, and has good elastic wave regulation and control characteristics. The circular spider net is mainly composed of radial wires and circumferential wires (yarn catching). The circumferential filament can be regarded as a one-dimensional periodic structure formed by taking a central fiber and round beads thereon as unit cells, and has typical characteristics of phonon crystals in the aspect of image. Therefore, the phonon crystal can be designed according to the structure of the circular spider web and the material parameter proportion of the corresponding structural components.
Based on the above, the present invention provides a biomimetic photonic crystal to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and the biomimetic photonic crystal includes a bead string structure, where the bead string structure includes a plurality of unit cell structures, the unit cell structures include a first central fiber and bead structures wrapped on the surface of the first central fiber, and the first central fibers of the plurality of unit cell structures are sequentially connected along the extending direction thereof;
the material of the bead structure is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure, the material parameters of the bead structure are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, and the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density;
wherein the shear modulus of the first central fiber is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than the shear modulus of the bead structure, the density of the first central fiber and the density of the bead structure being on the same order of magnitude.
According to the bionic photonic crystal provided by the invention, as the material of the bead structure is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure, the material parameters of the bead structure are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the bionic photonic crystal, the material parameters comprise the shear modulus and/or the density, the shear modulus of the first central fiber is 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than that of the bead structure, and the density of the first central fiber and the density of the bead structure are of the same order of magnitude, the band gap center frequency and the band gap width of the bionic photonic crystal are in a preset range, and the working frequency of the bionic photonic crystal is in the preset range.
The foregoing is a core idea of the present invention, and in order that the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, based on the good elastic wave propagation characteristic of the circular spider in nature, the bionic phonon crystal which can effectively regulate and control the band gap center frequency and the band gap width by designing the structural component material parameters of the circular spider is provided by imitating the circular spider.
As shown in fig. 1, the biomimetic photonic crystal comprises a bead structure 1, wherein the bead structure 1 comprises a plurality of unit cell structures 10, and optionally, the number of the unit cell structures 10 in the bead structure 1 is greater than or equal to 6. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the sizes and materials of the plurality of unit cell structures 10 are the same.
As shown in fig. 2, the unit cell structure 10 includes a first central fiber 101 and a bead structure 102 wrapped around the surface of the first central fiber 101, and as shown in fig. 1, the first central fibers 101 of the plurality of unit cell structures 10 are sequentially connected along the extending direction thereof. The first central fiber 101 of the plurality of unit cell structures 10 may be a single-piece structure, or the bead structure 1 may include the first central fiber 101 and a plurality of bead structures 102 wrapped around the surface of the first central fiber 101.
Wherein the material of the bead structure 102 is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure 102, the material parameters of the bead structure 102 are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the biomimetic photonic crystal, and the material parameters include shear modulus and/or density. And, the shear modulus of the first central fiber 101 is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than the shear modulus of the bead structure 102, and the density of the first central fiber 101 and the density of the bead structure 102 are in the same order of magnitude.
Since the operating frequency range of the biomimetic photonic crystal is determined by the bandgap center frequency and the bandgap width, and the bandgap center frequency and the bandgap width of the biomimetic photonic crystal can be adjusted by adjusting the shear modulus and/or the density of the bead structure 102, the material parameter, that is, the shear modulus and/or the density of the bead structure 102 can be determined according to the predetermined operating frequency range of the biomimetic photonic crystal, and the material of the bead structure 102 can be determined according to the material parameter, that is, the shear modulus and/or the density of the bead structure 102.
And, according to the shear modulus of the first central fiber 101 being 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than the shear modulus of the bead structure 102, the density of the first central fiber 101 and the density of the bead structure 102 are in the same order of magnitude, the material of the first central fiber 101 is determined, so that the biomimetic photonic crystal in the required working frequency range can be obtained according to the determined material of the bead structure 102 and the determined material of the first central fiber 101.
Alternatively, the bead structure 102 may be removably wrapped around the surface of the first central fiber 101 by means of adhesive bonding. That is, the bead structure 102 is wrapped on the surface of the first central fiber 101 by using a glue bonding method, however, the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the bead structure 102 may be fixed on the surface of the first central fiber 101 by a snap fastening method.
Alternatively, the first central fiber 101 in an embodiment of the present invention is an elongated cylinder. The bead structure 102 is spheroid or spheroid, and the bead structure 102 is wrapped on the surface of the first central fiber 101 along the long axis direction of the spheroid. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the bead structure 102 may also be wrapped on the surface of the first central fiber 101 along the short axis direction of the ellipsoid, which is not described herein.
Further alternatively, the diameter of the first central fiber 101 ranges from 1 μm to 1cm, preferably from 1 μm to 100 μm. The bead structure 102 has a diameter in the range of 3h to 5h in a direction perpendicular to the first central fiber 101, where h is the diameter of the first central fiber 101.
Further, the material of the first central fiber 101 includes polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, nylon, polycarbonate, and the like; materials for bead structure 102 include silicone rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, low density polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like. The biomimetic photonic crystal shown in fig. 1 is a one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal, and has elastic band gap characteristics because of its periodically arranged unit cell structures 10, so that propagation of elastic waves in the elastic band gap frequency can be effectively suppressed. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in another embodiment of the present invention, a two-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal capable of realizing directional transmission of elastic waves in a band gap center frequency range thereof is proposed by referring to a structure in which radial wires and circumferential wires of a circular spider are perpendicularly intersected.
As shown in fig. 3, the two-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal includes a plurality of bead structures 1 sequentially arranged along a first direction Y and a plurality of second central fibers 20 sequentially arranged along a second direction X, and the first direction Y is perpendicular to the second direction X. The extending direction of the first central fiber 101 is the same as the second direction X, the extending direction of the second central fiber 20 is the same as the first direction Y, and the second central fiber 20 is fixed to the first central fiber 101 in a crossing manner.
Wherein the second central fiber 20 is also an elongated cylinder. In addition, the second central fiber 20 does not wrap the bead structure and does not have the characteristic of an elastic band gap, so that the second central fiber 20 can realize transmission of elastic waves at any frequency. In addition, the second central fiber 20 may also play a role in fixing and connecting the one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal portion.
In the embodiment of the invention, the two-dimensional bionic phonon crystal takes the one-dimensional bionic phonon crystal as a structural component, imitates a local structure of vertical intersection of radial wires and circumferential wires of a spider web, and is a two-dimensional square grid structure formed by the one-dimensional bionic phonon crystal and the second central fiber 20.
Alternatively, the first central fiber 101 and the second central fiber 20 in the embodiment of the present invention are elongated cylinders. Further alternatively, the diameter of the second central fiber 20 ranges from 1h to 10h, preferably from 3h to 5h, and the material of the second central fiber 20 includes polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon, polycarbonate, and the like, where h is the diameter of the first central fiber 101.
Since the band gap of the one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal is a main factor affecting the propagation characteristics of the elastic wave, the influence of the material of the second central fiber 20 in the longitudinal direction is relatively small, and thus, the design of the size and material parameters of the second central fiber 20 can be adjusted by using different materials according to practical application requirements.
Optionally, the materials of the first central fiber 101, bead structure 102, and second central fiber 20 are all simplified to linear elastic materials, and the first pull Mei Canshu, shear modulus (also called second pull Mei Canshu), and density are selected as characterization of their material parameters. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the materials of the first central fiber 101, the bead structure 10 and the second central fiber 20 are all synthetic materials, which are different from the actual spider silk, and the advantage of using synthetic materials is that the material parameters can be precisely controlled, so that the preparation and optimization are convenient. Natural spider silk is difficult to apply in engineering due to randomness and uncontrollability of biological materials.
Furthermore, according to the proportion of material parameters of the corresponding structure of the actual circular spider circumferential filament, the invention designs the plum pulling parameter or the shear modulus of the first central fiber 101 to be one to two orders of magnitude larger than the plum pulling parameter or the shear modulus of the bead structure 101, and the densities of the first central fiber 101 and the bead structure 102 are in the same order of magnitude. Of course, the invention is not limited in this regard and in other embodiments, the pull Mei Canshu of the bead structure 102 may be much smaller or closer to the pull Mei Canshu of the first central fiber 101.
On the basis, the effective regulation and control of the band gap center frequency and width of the one-dimensional bionic photonic crystal can be realized through the design of the shear modulus of the bead structure 102. Meanwhile, by combining the design of the density of the bead structure 102, the adjusting and controlling range of the elastic band gap can be further enlarged. The change in shear modulus and density of the bead structure 102 may be achieved by making the bead structure 102 of different materials.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the bionic phonon crystal, which is applied to the bionic phonon crystal provided by any embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, and comprises the following steps:
s101: determining the size of the unit cell structure and the material of the first central fiber;
first, the dimensions of the biomimetic photonic crystal unit cell structure 10 are primarily determined according to actual engineering requirements, such as requirements based on accuracy, working frequency of the biomimetic photonic crystal, allowable space, cost, etc., and the material of the first central fiber 101 is preferentially selected.
S102: calculating energy band curves of unit cell structures with bead structures of different materials, and determining a material parameter value range of the bead structures according to the energy band curves and the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, wherein the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density;
specifically, after determining the size of the unit cell structure 10 and the material of the first central fiber, the material of the bead structure 102 is initially selected according to the actual engineering requirement, the energy band curve of the unit cell structure 10 is calculated through a numerical experiment, and then the evolution rule of the energy band curve of the unit cell structure 10 when the shear modulus and/or the density of the bead structure 102 are changed is calculated through parameterized scanning, wherein the change of the shear modulus and/or the density of the bead structure 102 is obtained through the change of the material of the bead structure 102, namely, the energy band curve of the unit cell structure 10 with different materials can be calculated, and the preferred material parameter value range of the bead structure 102 is determined according to the energy band curve and the actual engineering requirement including the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal.
S103: and determining the material of the bead structure according to the value range of the material parameter of the bead structure.
Specifically, after determining the value range of the material parameter of the bead structure 102, that is, after determining the preferred value range of the shear modulus and the preferred value range of the density, the material of the bead structure 102 can be determined according to the actual engineering requirements, based on which the bionic photonic crystal meeting the actual engineering requirements can be manufactured according to the size of the unit cell structure 10, the material of the first central fiber 101 and the material of the bead structure 102.
It should be noted that the specific structural dimensions of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional bionic phonon crystal in the invention can be determined according to the actual acoustic application and the preparation process requirements. Further, by utilizing the characteristic that the shear modulus of the bead structure 102 is a main factor affecting the center frequency and the width of the band gap, which are main factors affecting the band gap working frequency of the bionic phonon crystal, the material design of the bead structure 102 is performed by adjusting the magnitude of the shear modulus in combination with the actual working condition, and the specific value of the shear modulus can be determined through a numerical experiment.
The working frequency and the elastic wave propagation characteristics of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional bionic phonon crystal can be determined through numerical experiments. The characteristics of the biomimetic photonic crystal in the present invention will be verified and explained below. The correlation value experiment is based on a finite element calculation method and is performed in a two-dimensional condition.
Firstly, the energy band curve of the one-dimensional bionic phonon crystal is calculated and analyzed. As shown in FIG. 2, the first central fiber 101 is selected to have a diameter d of 2.6 μm and a length w of 25. Mu.m. The curve of the upper left half of the bead structure 102 is a cubic Bessel polygon with the center of the left end of the first central fiber 101 of the unit cell structure 10 as the origin of coordinates, and the control points thereof are (4.5 μm,0.65 μm), (6 μm,1.8 μm), (8 μm,6.5 μm), (12.5 μm,6.5 μm), respectively. The two-dimensional cross-sectional profile of the bead structure 102 can be obtained by subjecting the partial curve to two symmetric transformations along the central fiber direction and perpendicular to the central fiber direction, respectively. The three-dimensional bead structure morphology can be obtained by rotationally sweeping the two-dimensional profile around a central fiber.
First pull Mei Canshu lambda of first central fiber 101 is selected 1 Shear modulus mu at 4.29MPa 1 1.07MPa, density ρ 1 1.2g/cm 3 . First pull Mei Canshu lambda of bead structure 102 2 0.29MPa, scissorsShear modulus mu 2 0.07MPa, density ρ 2 1.05g/cm 3 Is the initial material parameter. By applying bloch boundary conditions across its unit cell structure 10, its energy band curve can be determined using finite element software, as shown in fig. 5.
Further, by varying the pull Mei Canshu lambda of the first central fiber 101 and the bead structure 102, respectively 1 、μ 1 、λ 2 、μ 2 To screen the material parameters that have the greatest influence on the bandgap center frequency and width. Wherein, the change of the material parameter can be realized by multiplying the initial parameter by a specific proportionality coefficient K. By setting K to be varied in the range of 0-100 times, it is known that when the shear modulus μ of the bead structure 102 is determined by comparing the first bandgap center frequency as shown in FIG. 6 and the first bandgap width as shown in FIG. 7 of the energy bandgap curves under different material parameters 2 When increasing, the band gap width and the center frequency of the bionic phonon crystal monotonically increase, and therefore, by adjusting the shear modulus μ of the bead structure 102 2 The band gap of the bionic phonon crystal can be well controlled.
Based on the above findings, the shear modulus μ for the bead structure 102 2 The effect of band gap was further investigated. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, with μ 2 The center frequency and width of the first band gap increases monotonically. When mu 2 At less than 1.2MPa, the second bandgap is absent. When mu 2 Above 1.2MPa, a second band gap occurs with μ 2 The second bandgap center frequency and width increases.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention combines the density range of the actual elastic material by designing ρ 1 And ρ 2 At 0-5 g/cm 3 The effect of the variation in range on the center frequency and width of the band gap was investigated. As can be seen from fig. 10, with ρ 1 Or ρ 2 The center frequency of the band gap is monotonically decreasing. However, due to the ρ that can maintain a larger bandgap width 1 The variation range of (c) is smaller, so that ρ 1 Is not suitable for being used as a material parameter for realizing the effective regulation of the band gap. In contrast, the bandgap width is a function of ρ 2 Is maintained throughout the variation of (a)A larger range, hence ρ 2 Can be used as an effective parameter of band gap adjustment.
The embodiment of the invention combines the material parameter mu with obvious band gap control effect 2 By simultaneous design of mu 2 And ρ 2 To explore the effect of simultaneous variation on the center frequency and width of the bandgap. Here we set ρ 2 The variation range is 0.2g/cm 3 ～5g/cm 3 ，μ 2 The variation range of (2) is 0.007MPa to 7MPa. As can be seen in conjunction with FIGS. 11 and 12, μ 2 Is a major factor affecting the bandgap center frequency and bandgap width, and at the same time, by designing ρ 2 The regulation range of band gap can be further widened.
In addition, according to the embodiment of the invention, the calculation result of the energy band curve is utilized, and the research range of the calculation frequency of the transmission characteristic of the bead structure 1 of the one-dimensional bionic phonon crystal is selected to be 0-0.9 MPa. As shown in fig. 1, this example establishes a bead structure 1 composed of 8 unit cell structures 10, the effectiveness of which was determined by analysis of its transmission characteristics.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the periodic excitation is applied to the input end IN, the output response is measured at the output end OUT, and the transmission coefficient of the bead structure 1 is calculated by taking the decibel ratio of the output response to the excitation. The transmission coefficient is negative when excited at the band gap frequency, which means that the excitation at the input terminal IN is much greater than the excitation at the output terminal OUT, and that propagation of elastic waves at the band gap frequency IN the bead structure 1 is effectively suppressed. As can be seen from comparison with the energy band curve of fig. 5, as shown in fig. 13, the bead structure 1 of the one-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal in the embodiment of the present invention can prevent propagation of elastic waves at the band gap frequency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, in the two-dimensional biomimetic photonic crystal, each unit of horizontal direction grid is composed of 8 unit cell structures 10, and the row spacing between adjacent horizontal grids is 4 times the length of the first central fiber 101 in the unit cell structure 10. In the embodiment of the present invention, the geometry and material parameters of the second central fiber 20 are designed the same as those of the first central fiber 101. In the embodiment of the invention, fixed constraint is adopted at the tail end of the grid, and the elastic wave propagation characteristics of the grid structure are explored by applying point wave sources with different frequencies at the center of the grid.
The embodiment of the invention selects elastic wave propagation characteristics of 0.2MHz at passband frequency and 0.45MHz at horizontal band gap frequency for illustration. As can be seen from the combination of fig. 14 and the partial enlarged view 15, the elastic wave has a significant deformation at the passband frequency of 0.2MHz, and this phenomenon indicates that the elastic wave caused by the point wave source at the center node can propagate in both the horizontal and vertical directions.
When the elastic wave propagates at the band gap frequency of 0.45MHz in the horizontal direction, as shown in fig. 16, only the middle second central fiber 20 is significantly deformed, which means that the elastic wave can propagate only in the vertical direction of the lattice structure, but cannot propagate in the horizontal direction. As can be seen from fig. 17, at the band gap frequency, only two biomimetic photonic crystal unit structures 10 adjacent to the central wave source in the horizontal direction have significant stress and deformation. This result indicates that the elastic wave cannot continue to propagate in the horizontal direction after passing through the two cell structures 10. In conclusion, under the band gap frequency in the horizontal direction, the two-dimensional phonon crystal can realize the directional transmission of elastic waves along the vertical direction.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (12)
1. The bionic phononic crystal is characterized by comprising a bead string structure, wherein the bead string structure comprises a plurality of unit cell structures, the unit cell structures comprise first central fibers and bead structures wrapped on the surfaces of the first central fibers, the first central fibers penetrate through the bead structures, the first central fibers are elongated cylinders, and the first central fibers of the unit cell structures are sequentially connected along the extending direction of the first central fibers;
the material of the bead structure is determined according to the material parameters of the bead structure, the material parameters of the bead structure are predetermined according to the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, and the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density;
wherein the shear modulus of the first central fiber is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than the shear modulus of the bead structure, the density of the first central fiber and the density of the bead structure being on the same order of magnitude.
2. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the biomimetic photonic crystal comprises a plurality of bead structures arranged in sequence along a first direction and a plurality of second central fibers arranged in sequence along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular;
the extending direction of the first central fiber is the same as the second direction, the extending direction of the second central fiber is the same as the first direction, and the second central fiber and the first central fiber are fixed in a crossing way.
3. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 2, wherein the second central fiber is an elongated cylinder.
4. A biomimetic photonic crystal according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the second central fibre is in the range 1h to 10h; wherein h is the diameter of the first central fiber.
5. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 2, wherein the material of the second central fiber comprises polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon, and polycarbonate.
6. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the bead structure is spheroid or spheroid-like.
7. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the first central fiber has a diameter in the range of 1 μm to 1cm.
8. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 7, wherein the bead structure has a diameter in the range of 3h to 5h perpendicular to the direction of the first central fiber, wherein h is the diameter of the first central fiber.
9. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the material of the first central fiber comprises polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, nylon, and polycarbonate; materials for the bead structure include silicone rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, low density polyethylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
10. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the bead structure is wrapped around the first central fiber surface by means of glue bonding.
11. The biomimetic photonic crystal of claim 1, wherein the number of bead structures in the bead string structure is greater than or equal to 6.
12. A method of making a biomimetic photonic crystal according to any one of claims 1 to 11, said method comprising:
determining the size of the unit cell structure and the material of the first central fiber;
calculating energy band curves of unit cell structures with bead structures of different materials, and determining a material parameter value range of the bead structures according to the energy band curves and the working frequency requirement of the bionic phonon crystal, wherein the material parameters comprise shear modulus and/or density;
and determining the material of the bead structure according to the range of the material parameter values of the bead structure.
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