CN111400972A - Semi-closed fault block oil reservoir productivity analysis method - Google Patents
Semi-closed fault block oil reservoir productivity analysis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir capacity analysis method, relating to the technical field of oil development, and specifically comprising the following steps: s1) obtaining basic parameters of a target stratum and fluid, liquid production amount q and original stratum pressure pi; s2) establishing a quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, wherein three sides are closed, and one side is provided with edge water; s3) establishing a rectangular coordinate system for the quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, presetting edge water as a constant pressure boundary, and reflecting oil well seepage into a seepage model of water injection with the same yield and the same injection amount and production of an infinite well drainage well pattern in an infinite stratum according to a mirror image reflection principle; s4) constructing a category and a position model of any position well on the well drainage well network according to the seepage model, and establishing a pressure model of any point in the oil reservoir; s5) calculating the capacity of the fault block oil reservoir. The productivity analysis method disclosed by the invention is used for analyzing and constructing a bottom hole pressure drop model based on the oil reservoir engineering and the oil-gas seepage theory so as to calculate the productivity of an oil well, and is suitable for calculating the productivity of a fault block oil reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum development, in particular to a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir productivity analysis method.
Background
Complex fault oil reservoirs are widely developed in onshore and sea oil-bearing basins of China. Since the complex fault-block oil field of Dongxin is discovered, complex fault-block oil reservoirs are discovered and developed in 10 large oil areas in China successively, the complex fault-block oil reservoirs become a very important oil reservoir for oil field development in China, and the geological reserves and annual oil production of the complex fault-block oil fields which are put into development at present account for 1/3 of the total amount of the whole nation.
The complex fault block oil reservoir has complex geological structure characteristics, the fault is quite developed, a plurality of faults of different levels are distributed in the reservoir in a crossed manner, so that the reservoir of the complex fault block oil reservoir is divided into a plurality of fault blocks with different sizes and shapes by the fault, the underground reservoir of the complex fault block oil reservoir has serious heterogeneity, the distribution form of sand bodies is complex, the exploration and development difficulty is quite large, and the conventional exploration, development, evaluation and the like are generally not suitable for the oil reservoirs. Due to the characteristics of the complex fault block oil reservoir different from the conventional oil reservoir, the main control factors influencing the productivity of the complex fault block oil reservoir are unclear, the change rule of the productivity in the production process is unclear, and the theoretical calculation is greatly different from the actual calculation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir capacity analysis method for solving the technical problems, which is used for establishing a quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model with three closed sides and one side provided with edge water, establishing a pressure model of bottom hole pressure drop, further carrying out capacity calculation and being suitable for capacity calculation of a fault block oil reservoir.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention discloses a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir capacity analysis method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1) obtaining basic parameters of the target stratum and the fluid, the liquid production amount q and the original stratum pressure pi；
S2) establishing a quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, wherein three sides are closed, and one side is provided with edge water;
s3) establishing a rectangular coordinate system for the quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, presetting edge water as a constant pressure boundary, and reflecting oil well seepage into a seepage model of water injection with the same yield and the same injection amount and production of an infinite well drainage well pattern in an infinite stratum according to a mirror image reflection principle;
s4) constructing a category and a position model of any position well on the well drainage well network according to the seepage model, and establishing a pressure model of any point in the oil reservoir;
s5) calculating the fault block oil deposit energy according to the well category, the position model and the pressure model.
Further, in step S1), the basic parameters of the formation and the fluid include formation permeability k, formation fluid viscosity μ, formation thickness h, and formation porosity.
Further, in step S3), the category and the location model of any location well on the well array well pattern are:
production well group: [2(2m +1) (c + d) -d,2n (a + b) + b ]; [4m (c + d) + d,2n (a + b) -b ]; (formula 1)
Water injection well group: [2(2m +1) (c + d) + d,2n (a + b) + b ]; [4m (c + d) -d,2n (a + b) -b ]; (formula 1)
Wherein m, n is an integer of- ∞ → + ∞ representing the rows and columns of wells in the infinite well pattern;
wherein a, b, c, d respectively represent: the distance of the oil well from one boundary water boundary and three closed boundaries respectively.
Further, in step S4), the pressure model is obtained by taking the original well and 8 image wells reflected adjacent to the original well for pressure drop analysis.
Further, in step S4), the pressure model at any point M in the reservoir is formula 3, where formula 3 is:
wherein: p is a radical ofM-formation pressure at point M, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
η -formation pressure-guiding coefficient,m2/ks。
further, in step S4), when a ═ b and a < c < d, the pressure model is corrected,
when t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to t1Then, the pressure model is modified to equation 4, where equation 4 is:
when t is1≤t≤t2Then, the pressure model is modified to equation 5, where equation 5 is:
when t is2≤t≤t3Then, the pressure model is modified to equation 6, where equation 6 is:
when t is3When t is less than or equal to t, the pressure model is corrected to be 7, and the formula 7 is:
wherein, t1，t2，t3Respectively the time of the pressure wave propagating to the lateral symmetrical fault, the upper fault and the water edge;
wherein p iswf-bottom hole flow pressure, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
s-epidermal factor of oil well;
η formation pressure guideCoefficient, m2/ks，
γ＝e0.57721；
Further, in step S4), when the point M for pressure drop analysis in the selected reservoir is on the borehole wall, the pressure model is modified to equation 8, where equation 8 is:
wherein p iswf-bottom hole flow pressure, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
η -formation pressure coefficient, m2/ks；
γ＝e0.57721。
Further, step S5), the method specifically includes the following steps:
s51) acquiring the fault number and the fault form of the fault block oil reservoir, and determining the type of the fault block oil reservoir;
s52) obtaining basic parameters of the fault block oil reservoir according to the type of the fault block oil reservoir;
s53) obtaining a pressure drop curve of the test well according to the pressure model, and analyzing to obtain the distance between the oil well and the fault and the shape of an oil drainage area of the oil reservoir;
s54) obtaining the average formation pressure of the oil well oil drainage area according to the shape factor
S55) reversely pushing the productivity of the oil well according to the pressure model;
wherein the formation mean pressure is obtainable by equation 9:
in the formula, A is oil drainage area of oil well, m2；
γ＝e0.57721···；
CA-a shape factor of the oil well drainage area;
from mean formation pressure
The yield of the oil well which obtains the quasi-stable flowing of the fault block oil reservoir with the closed fault boundary in any shape is shown as formula 10:
from mean formation pressure
The capacity index calculation formula for obtaining the quasi-stable flow of the fault block oil reservoir of the closed fault boundary with any shape is shown as the formula 11:
further, in step S55), when the oil well is quantitatively produced, directly obtaining the oil well capacity by the pressure model;
when the oil well variable is produced, correcting the pressure model by adopting the Du-Hamames principle, and then calculating the productivity;
when the oil deposit is oil-water two-phase seepage flow, the actual oil production q is passedoSubstitution of the energy production equation and equivalent viscosity μ1The correction formula can be obtained by replacing the liquid yield q and the fluid viscosity mu in the capacity formula.
Wherein the actual oil production qoCan be calculated by the following formula:
qo＝q(1-fw)；
wherein the equivalent viscosity μ1Can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein f isW-water content;
μo、μw-crude oil viscosity and water viscosity;
kro，krwrelative permeability of oil phase and water phase, μm2。
Further, the pressure model is corrected by adopting the duhamei principle, and the corrected pressure model is represented by formula 12:
and then the productivity of the oil well during variable production can be obtained according to the corrected pressure model formula 13.
The invention discloses a capacity analysis method for a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a quadrilateral fault block reservoir model in accordance with some embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of mirror reflection using the mirror reflection principle in some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of bottom hole pressure versus time to open the well in some embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates boundary shapes and well locations and C in some embodiments of the inventionAA map of values.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The complex fault block oil reservoir has complex geological structure characteristics, the fault is quite developed, a plurality of faults of different levels are distributed in the reservoir in a crossed manner, so that the reservoir of the complex fault block oil reservoir is divided into a plurality of fault blocks with different sizes and shapes by the fault, the underground reservoir of the complex fault block oil reservoir has serious heterogeneity, the distribution form of sand bodies is complex, the exploration and development difficulty is quite large, and the conventional exploration, development, evaluation and the like are generally not suitable for the oil reservoirs. Due to the characteristics of the complex fault block oil reservoir different from the conventional oil reservoir, the main control factors influencing the productivity of the complex fault block oil reservoir are unclear, the change rule of the productivity in the production process is unclear, and the theoretical calculation is greatly different from the actual calculation.
Based on the above technical problems, the inventor provides a method for analyzing capacity of a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir in the present application, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1) obtaining basic parameters of the target stratum and the fluid, the liquid production amount q and the original stratum pressure pi；
S2) establishing a quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, wherein three sides are closed, and one side is provided with edge water;
s3) establishing a rectangular coordinate system for the quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, presetting edge water as a constant pressure boundary, and reflecting oil well seepage into a seepage model of water injection with the same yield and the same injection amount and production of an infinite well drainage well pattern in an infinite stratum according to a mirror image reflection principle;
s4) constructing a category and a position model of any position well on the well drainage well network according to the seepage model, and establishing a pressure model of any point in the oil reservoir;
s5) calculating the capacity of the fault block oil reservoir.
Wherein, the established quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model is shown in figure 1; a schematic diagram of mirror image reflection using the mirror image reflection principle is shown in fig. 2, and it should be noted that each oil well (production well/water injection well) reflects 8 wells.
In some embodiments, the formation and fluid parameters include formation permeability k, formation fluid viscosity μ, formation thickness h, and formation porosity.
It should be noted that the category and position model of any position well on the well array well pattern are:
production well group: [2(2m +1) (c + d) -d,2n (a + b) + b ]; [4m (c + d) + d,2n (a + b) -b ] (1)
Water injection well group: [2(2m +1) (c + d) + d,2n (a + b) + b ]; [4m (c + d) -d,2n (a + b) -b ] (2)
Wherein m, n is an integer of- ∞ → + ∞ representing the rows and columns of wells in the infinite well pattern;
wherein a, b, c, d respectively represent: the distance of the oil well from one boundary water boundary and three closed boundaries respectively.
It should be noted that, according to the position and the category on the well drainage pattern, any point M of the oil reservoir is selected, and according to the point M, the original well, that is, the 8 image wells adjacent to the original well are selected for pressure drop analysis, and a pressure model is established:
wherein p isM-formation pressure at point M, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
η -formation pressure coefficient, m2Kss, calculated as
In some embodiments, when the well is at different distances from the fault closure boundary and the supply boundary, assuming a is b and a < c < d, the pressure model is modified as:
when t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to t1When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when t is1≤t≤t2When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when t is2≤t≤t3When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when t is3When the temperature is less than or equal to t,
wherein, t1，t2，t3Respectively the time of the pressure wave propagating to the lateral symmetrical fault, the upper fault and the water edge;
wherein p iswf-bottom hole flow pressure, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
s-epidermal factor of oil well;
γ＝e0.57721···；
η -formation pressure coefficient, m2/ks，
Wherein η can be calculated by the following formula:
the change of the bottom hole pressure of the oil well along with the well opening time can be obtained according to the above equations (4) to (7), and the graph of the change is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the curve includes four straight line segments, where: the initial straight line segments reflect the situation where the bottom hole pressure has not propagated to the fault or before the fault has propagated back to the bottom, the second straight line segments reflect the situation where the bottom hole pressure has propagated to the closer symmetric fault and back to the bottom, the third straight line segments reflect the situation where the bottom hole pressure has propagated to the farther fault and back to the bottom, and the fourth straight line segments reflect the situation where the bottom hole pressure has propagated to the water side and back to the bottom. The abscissa of three break points on the curve is the intersection time t1，t2，t3Respectively, respectivelySubstituting the distance into the formulas 4 and 5, 5 and 6, and 6 and 7, and combining the distances in pairs to obtain the distances from the fault and the waterside to the well, wherein the calculation formula of the distances is as follows:
if a, b, c, d, i.e. the oil well is at equal distances from the fault and the boundary water, t must be present1＝t2＝t3The bottom hole pressure model may also be:
in some embodiments, r is the time when the point M of the selected reservoir at which the drawdown analysis is performed is on the borehole wallNRespectively take rw，2a，2b，2c，2d，
And brought into formula (3), the resulting pressure model is formula 8:
it should be noted that the calculation of the capacity specifically includes the following steps: s51) acquiring the fault number and the fault form of the fault block oil reservoir, and determining the type of the fault block oil reservoir;
s52) obtaining basic parameters of the fault block oil reservoir according to the type of the fault block oil reservoir;
s53) obtaining a pressure drop curve of the test well according to the pressure model, and analyzing to obtain the distance between the oil well and the fault and the shape of an oil drainage area of the oil reservoir;
s54) referenceShape factor, average formation pressure of oil well drainage area
S55) back-pushing the production capacity of the oil well according to the pressure model.
Wherein the formation mean pressure
Is obtainable by formula 9:
in the formula, A is oil drainage area of oil well, m2；
γ＝e0.57721···；
CA-form factor of oil well drainage area.
Wherein the average formation pressure
The formula is obtained by deducing an average formation pressure formula under the condition of the circular closed formation steady-state flow:
although the above formula is derived according to the condition that one oil well is arranged in the center of a circular closed stratum boundary oil reservoir, the formula is suitable for the condition of all stratum boundaries, the pressure condition of the oil well can be calculated and researched by applying the above formula for the fault block oil reservoir with a non-circular fault closed boundary in an oil drainage area with any shape, such as a triangle, a quadrangle and the like, and the condition that the oil well is not positioned in the center of the oil reservoir, and only the proper shape factor is selected for calculation according to different stratum drainage shapes and oil well position conditions during calculation.
Wherein, the CAAnd the relation with the shape of the enclosed formation can be determined byThe result is shown in FIG. 4.
Since the above formula is derived based on the pseudo-steady flow state, it is only applicable to the steady or pseudo-steady flow state condition, and the formula cannot be used in the unstable flow state. Whether the fluid flow enters a steady or quasi-steady state depends on whether the bottom hole pressure drop propagates across the formation boundaries. The dimensionless time for the well to reach a quasi-steady flow regime, i.e. the propagation of pressure drop to the closed boundary, can be calculated using the following equation, and the lower graph also gives the dimensionless time for the fluid to start (quasi-) steady flow for different well drainage zones and well locations.
In the formula, tsThe production time, ks, for the well to reach (pseudo) steady state;
from mean formation pressure
The yield of the oil well which obtains the quasi-stable flowing of the fault block oil reservoir with the closed fault boundary in any shape is shown as formula 10:
from mean formation pressure
The capacity index calculation formula for obtaining the quasi-stable flow of the fault block oil reservoir of the closed fault boundary with any shape is shown as the formula 11:
in some embodiments, in step S75), when the quantitative production of the oil well is yes, directly back-pushing the oil well productivity by the pressure model;
in some embodiments, when the oil well variable is produced, the pressure model is corrected by adopting the Du-Hamames principle, and then the productivity is calculated;
in some embodiments, when the reservoir is oil-water two-phase seepage, the actual oil production q is passedoSubstitution of the energy production equation and equivalent viscosity μ1The correction formula can be obtained by replacing the liquid yield q and the fluid viscosity mu in the capacity formula.
Wherein the actual oil production qoCan be calculated by the following formula:
qo＝q(1-fw)；
wherein the equivalent viscosity μ1Can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein f isW-water content;
μo、μw-crude oil viscosity and water viscosity;
kro，krwrelative permeability of oil phase and water phase, μm2。
The pressure model is corrected by adopting the Du-Hami principle, and the corrected pressure model is represented by a formula 12:
the above formula is a pressure distribution formula obtained by Du-Hamames principle, wherein, a single well produces with variable production Q (t), and the time period [0, t]Dividing the mixture into n equal parts,
τ0＝0，τ1＝Δτ，...τn-1and (n-1) delta tau, and t is n delta tau, and the productivity of the oil well is obtained by a pressure model.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The method for analyzing the energy production of the semi-closed fault block oil reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) obtaining basic parameters of the target stratum and the fluid, the liquid production amount q and the original stratum pressure pi；
S2) establishing a quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, wherein three sides are closed, and one side is provided with edge water;
s3) establishing a rectangular coordinate system for the quadrilateral fault block oil reservoir model, presetting edge water as a constant pressure boundary, and reflecting oil well seepage into a seepage model of water injection with the same yield and the same injection amount and production of an infinite well drainage well pattern in an infinite stratum according to a mirror image reflection principle;
s4) constructing a category and a position model of any position well on the well drainage well network according to the seepage model, and establishing a pressure model of any point in the oil reservoir;
s5) calculating the fault block oil deposit energy according to the well category, the position model and the pressure model.
2. The method for analyzing the energy production of semi-closed fault block reservoirs of claim 1, wherein in the step S1), the basic parameters of the stratum and the fluid comprise stratum permeability k, stratum fluid viscosity mu, stratum thickness h and stratum porosity.
3. The method for analyzing the production capacity of a semi-closed fault block oil reservoir according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3), the category and the position model of any position well on the well array well pattern are as follows:
production well group: [2(2m +1) (c + d) -d,2n (a + b) + b ]; [4m (c + d) + d,2n (a + b) -b ]; (formula 1)
Water injection well group: [2(2m +1) (c + d) + d,2n (a + b) + b ]; [4m (c + d) -d,2n (a + b) -b ]; (formula 1)
Wherein m, n is an integer of- ∞ → + ∞ representing the rows and columns of wells in the infinite well pattern;
wherein a, b, c, d respectively represent: the distance of the oil well from one boundary water boundary and three closed boundaries respectively.
4. The method for analyzing the energy production of a semi-closed fault block reservoir according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4), the pressure model is obtained by taking an original well and 8 image wells reflected in the vicinity of the original well for pressure drop analysis.
5. The method for analyzing the energy production of a semi-closed fault block reservoir according to claim 3, wherein in the step S4), the pressure model of any point M in the reservoir is represented by formula 3, and the formula 3 is as follows:
wherein: p is a radical ofM-formation pressure at point M, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
η -formation pressure coefficient, m2/ks。
6. The method of analyzing the capacity of a semi-closed fault block reservoir of claim 5, wherein in step S4), when a is b and a < c < d, the pressure model is modified,
when t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to t1Then, the pressure model is modified to equation 4, where equation 4 is:
when t is1≤t≤t2Then, the pressure model is modified to equation 5, where equation 5 is:
when t is2≤t≤t3Then, the pressure model is modified to equation 6, where equation 6 is:
when t is3When t is less than or equal to t, the pressure model is corrected to be 7, and the formula 7 is:
wherein, t1，t2，t3Respectively the time of the pressure wave propagating to the lateral symmetrical fault, the upper fault and the water edge;
wherein p iswf-bottom hole flow pressure, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
s-epidermal factor of oil well;
η -formation pressure coefficient, m2/ks，
γ＝e0.57721。
7. The method for analyzing energy production of a semi-closed fault block reservoir according to claim 4, wherein in step S4), when the point M for pressure drop analysis in the selected reservoir is on the well wall, the pressure model is modified to be formula 8, wherein formula 8 is:
wherein p iswf-bottom hole flow pressure, MPa;
q-flow of the well, m3/ks；
t-production time of the well, ks;
rN-distance of point M to the well, M;
η -formation pressure coefficient, m2/ks；
γ＝e0.57721。
8. The method for analyzing the capacity of the semi-closed fault block reservoir according to claim 2, wherein the step S5) comprises the following steps:
s51) acquiring the fault number and the fault form of the fault block oil reservoir, and determining the type of the fault block oil reservoir;
s52) obtaining basic parameters of the fault block oil reservoir according to the type of the fault block oil reservoir;
s53) obtaining a pressure drop curve of the test well according to the pressure model, and analyzing to obtain the distance between the oil well and the fault and the shape of an oil drainage area of the oil reservoir;
s54) obtaining the average formation pressure of the oil well oil drainage area according to the shape factor
S55) reversely pushing the productivity of the oil well according to the pressure model;
the average formation pressure can be obtained by the formula 9:
in the formula, A is oil drainage area of oil well, m2；
γ＝e0.57721···；
CA-a shape factor of the oil well drainage area;
from mean formation pressure
The yield of the oil well which obtains the quasi-stable flowing of the fault block oil reservoir with the closed fault boundary in any shape is shown as formula 10:
from mean formation pressure
The capacity index calculation formula for obtaining the quasi-stable flow of the fault block oil reservoir of the closed fault boundary with any shape is shown as the formula 11:
9. the method for analyzing energy production of semi-closed fault block reservoirs of claim 8, wherein in step S55), when the oil well is produced quantitatively, the oil well capacity is directly obtained from the pressure model;
when the oil well variable is produced, correcting the pressure model by adopting the Du-Hamames principle, and then calculating the productivity;
when the oil deposit is oil-water two-phase seepage flow, the actual oil production q is passedoSubstitution of the energy production equation and equivalent viscosity μ1The correction formula can be obtained by replacing the liquid yield q and the fluid viscosity mu in the capacity formula.
10. The method for analyzing the energy production of a semi-closed fault block reservoir of claim 9, wherein the pressure model is modified by the Duhamei principle, and the modified pressure model is represented by formula 12:
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