CN111400905A - Method and device for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of ceramic matrix composite structure - Google Patents
Method and device for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of ceramic matrix composite structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111400905A CN111400905A CN202010180377.5A CN202010180377A CN111400905A CN 111400905 A CN111400905 A CN 111400905A CN 202010180377 A CN202010180377 A CN 202010180377A CN 111400905 A CN111400905 A CN 111400905A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure, which comprises the following steps: describing the gas diffusion in the porous medium during the oxidation process controlled by gas diffusion, and calculating the gas distribution in the ceramic matrix composite structure through the diffusion coefficient to reflect the change of the oxidation damage degree of the structure; on the basis, the weaving representative volume unit is taken as a research object, the stress distribution of the fiber bundle is analyzed according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, the residual strength of the fiber bundle is calculated, and the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure is finally calculated by adopting a homogenization method. The method can reflect the influence of local oxidation morphology change on the structural strength, solve the problem that material-level research cannot accurately analyze structural-level oxidation, and provide theoretical basis for the life design of the CMCs and the reliable use of the CMCs in the aeroengine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material structure strength analysis, in particular to a method and a device for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite material structure.
Background
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs for short) have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high specific stiffness, specific strength and the like, and are widely applied to aeroengine hot end components such as tail nozzle regulating blades, turbine blades and the like. The components are mainly used in a thermal-mechanical oxygen coupling environment, and due to the limitation of a preparation process, the materials have initial cracks and pores and provide channels for gas to enter the structure, so that stress-oxidation coupling damage is inevitably generated and the strength of the CMCs structure is influenced.
The CMCs thermal structural member is comprehensively researched in China, and tests in complex environments such as thermal-mechanical-oxygen coupling and the like are carried out, but the oxidation damage and the subsequent strength analysis are not disclosed. The research of CMCs developed in China is relatively late, most of the current research work is material-level oxidation theory analysis and simulation calculation, and no data related to the structure of the woven CMCs are disclosed. For example, the invention patent CN105631148A, namely 'method for analyzing mechanical properties of unidirectional ceramic matrix composite material in stress oxidation environment', discloses a theoretical prediction method of residual strength of unidirectional ceramic matrix composite material with matrix cracking in stress oxidation environment; the invention patent CN109992850A 'a prediction method of residual tensile strength of a ceramic matrix composite material in a stress oxidation environment' discloses a prediction method of residual tensile strength of a unidirectional ceramic matrix composite material considering SiC matrix oxidation; king Shake sword (King Shake sword, mechanical property research [ D ] of ceramic matrix composite material in oxidation environment Nanjing aerospace university, 2010.) adopts a mass loss rate model to represent oxidation conditions, and adopts a mesomechanics method to predict residual stiffness and residual strength in oxidation environment at 400-900 ℃.
However, the above studies are directed to the oxidation damage and mechanical properties of CMCs material grade, and do not involve the oxidation problem of the structural grade of the woven CMCs. However, practice proves that for the woven CMCs, the oxidation damage of a local area causes the change of an internal oxidation channel, so that the distribution of gas inside the structure is redistributed, and the oxidation condition of the whole structure is influenced, so that the factors are difficult to be considered directly through the oxidation behavior analysis of the material level, and the oxidation damage of the structure level is further accurately reflected and the strength calculation is carried out.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new method for the oxidation damage and strength analysis of ceramic matrix composite structures suitable for use in woven CMCs structures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for analyzing the oxidation damage and the strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure, which fully consider the oxidation morphology of a braided structure and the influence of oxidation on gas redistribution and are suitable for the oxidation analysis of CMCs structure level. The method can reflect the influence of local oxidation morphology change on the structural strength, solve the problem that material-level research cannot accurately analyze structural-level oxidation, and provide theoretical basis for the life design of the CMCs and the reliable use of the CMCs in the aeroengine.
To achieve the above objective, with reference to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure, the method comprising:
describing the gas diffusion in the porous medium during the oxidation process controlled by gas diffusion, and calculating the gas distribution in the ceramic matrix composite structure through the diffusion coefficient to reflect the change of the oxidation damage degree of the structure;
on the basis, the weaving representative volume unit is taken as a research object, the stress distribution of the fiber bundle is analyzed according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, the residual strength of the fiber bundle is calculated, and the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure is finally calculated by adopting a homogenization method.
As a preferred example thereof, the analysis method includes:
s1, testing the oxidation damage degree of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment, and establishing an equivalent diffusion coefficient field model related to oxidation and damage;
s2, calculating the equivalent diffusion coefficient field of the structure according to the geometric shape and the oxidizing atmosphere condition of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure, and calculating the instantaneous oxygen concentration distribution condition inside the structure according to Fick' S second law;
s3, taking the representative volume unit as a research object, calculating the oxygen concentration in the unit according to the diffusion coefficient of the corresponding position, and calculating the oxidation morphology of the representative volume unit in combination with the regression of the matrix and the fiber bundle around the pore and the generation of oxidation products;
s4, calculating the oxygen concentration at the surface of the fiber bundle in the weaving representative volume unit model according to a diffusion equation, thereby calculating the oxidation morphology inside the fiber bundle, namely the interface consumption and the surface oxide generation condition inside the fiber bundle;
and S5, analyzing the stress distribution of the fiber bundle according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, calculating the residual strength of the fiber bundle, and finally calculating the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure by adopting a homogenization method.
As a preferred example, in step S1, the process of establishing the oxidation and damage related equivalent diffusion coefficient field model includes the following steps:
s11, testing the oxidation damage degree of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment by taking the strain field distribution as a representation;
s12, scanning the strain maximum value and the strain minimum value area, and establishing a detailed geometric porous medium model;
s13, calculating the equivalent diffusion coefficient through numerical simulation according to the boundary condition;
and S14, establishing an equivalent diffusion coefficient field model related to oxidation and damage by adopting an interpolation method.
As a preferred example, in step S4, the oxygen concentration at the fiber bundle interface is calculated by combining the oxidation profile of the braiding representative volume element and the equivalent diffusion coefficient, and the oxidation profile of the fiber bundle is calculated according to a classical oxidation kinetic model.
As a preferable example thereof, in step S5, the representative volume elements of the knit and the oxidation pattern inside the fiber bundle are integrated, and the remaining strength of the fiber bundle is calculated from the mechanical model.
Based on the foregoing analytical method, the present invention also provides an apparatus for oxidative damage and strength analysis of a ceramic matrix composite structure, the apparatus comprising:
(1) the gas diffusion analysis module is used for testing the oxidation damage degree of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment and establishing an equivalent diffusion coefficient field model related to oxidation and damage;
(2) the first oxidation shape analysis module is used for calculating an equivalent diffusion coefficient field of the structure according to the geometric shape and the oxidation atmosphere condition of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure, and calculating the instantaneous oxygen concentration distribution condition in the structure according to Fick's second law;
(3) the second oxidation shape analysis module is used for calculating the oxygen concentration in the unit according to the diffusion coefficient of the corresponding position by taking the representative volume unit of the knitting as a research object, and calculating the oxidation shape of the representative volume unit of the knitting in combination with the fading of the matrix and the fiber bundles around the pore and the generation of oxidation products;
(4) the third oxidation shape analysis module is used for calculating the oxygen concentration at the surface of the fiber bundle in the weaving representative volume unit model according to a diffusion equation, so as to calculate the oxidation shape inside the fiber bundle, namely the interface consumption and the surface oxide generation condition inside the fiber bundle;
(5) and the strength analysis module is used for analyzing the stress distribution of the fiber bundle according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, calculating the residual strength of the fiber bundle, and finally calculating the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure by adopting a homogenization method.
The present invention also contemplates an oxidative damage and strength analysis system suitable for a ceramic matrix composite structure, the analysis system comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the method for oxidation damage and strength analysis of a ceramic matrix composite structure as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
(1) the oxidation morphology of the braided structure and the influence of oxidation on gas redistribution are fully considered, and the method is suitable for oxidation analysis and residual strength analysis of CMCs structure level.
(2) The method can reflect the influence of local oxidation morphology change on the structural strength from the structural angle of the woven ceramic matrix composite, solves the problem that the material-level research cannot accurately analyze the structural-level oxidation, and provides theoretical basis for the life design of CMCs and the reliable use of the CMCs in aeroengines.
(3) And calculating the oxygen concentration distribution condition inside the CMCs structure to reflect the oxidation degree.
(4) And predicting the oxidation morphology evolution of the woven RVE after the CMCs are structurally oxidized.
(5) Oxidation and strength analysis on the CMCs structure level are realized.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent. In addition, all combinations of claimed subject matter are considered a part of the presently disclosed subject matter.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention for analyzing the oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure, wherein the method comprises:
the gas diffusion controlled oxidation process is described by the diffusion of gas in the porous medium, and the gas distribution in the ceramic matrix composite structure is calculated through the diffusion coefficient to reflect the change of the oxidation damage degree of the structure.
On the basis, the weaving representative volume unit is taken as a research object, the stress distribution of the fiber bundle is analyzed according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, the residual strength of the fiber bundle is calculated, and the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure is finally calculated by adopting a homogenization method.
The method for calculating the structural oxidation damage and strength of the ceramic matrix composite comprises the analysis of the knitted RVE oxidation morphology and the CMCs structural strength.
The knitted RVE oxidation profile analysis describes the gas diffusion controlled oxidation process with the diffusion of gas in a porous media. In an initial state, the structure is not damaged, the diffusion speed of gas in the structural part is consistent, and the diffusion coefficient is approximately uniform in spatial distribution; when the structure is damaged by oxidation, the microstructure of the local damage part is changed (for example, the pore wall reacts to generate an oxide film, and the pores are gradually filled), the internal diffusion channel is changed, the diffusion becomes difficult, and the diffusion coefficient of the part is changed. The gas distribution in the structure is calculated by diffusion coefficient to reflect the change of the oxidation damage degree of the structure.
CMCs structural strength analysis is to calculate the oxygen concentration at the interface of the fiber bundle by utilizing the oxidation morphology and the equivalent diffusion coefficient of the weaving RVE, calculate the oxidation morphology of the fiber bundle according to a classical oxidation kinetic model, synthesize the oxidation morphologies of the weaving RVE and the interior of the fiber bundle, calculate the residual strength of the fiber bundle according to a mechanical model, and calculate the structural strength by a homogenization method.
Based on the foregoing description, with reference to fig. 2 as a preferred example, the present invention provides a method for calculating oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure, which specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: and testing the oxidation damage degree and the equivalent diffusion coefficient of the woven CMCs test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment. The component is not oxidized and damaged at the initial moment, the diffusion rate of the gas in the structure is considered to be equal everywhere, and the diffusion coefficient is a constant; when oxidation starts and damage is generated, an XCT scanning is carried out on a strain maximum value and a strain minimum value region by taking a strain field as a characterization quantity to obtain the pore size and the distribution of the strain maximum value and the strain minimum value region, a porous medium model is established according to the pore size and the distribution, and the equivalent diffusion coefficient is calculated through numerical simulation according to boundary conditions; the interpolation method establishes a diffusion coefficient distribution function D (x, y, z) related to the space position, wherein the (x, y, z) is the position coordinate of any point contained in the woven CMCs test piece.
Step 2: the high-temperature ceramic-base composite material part is generally a thin plate part such as a turbine guide vane, the equivalent diffusion coefficient function of a specific structure is calculated according to the geometric shape of the structure and the oxidizing atmosphere condition, and the Fick second law is adopted
And calculating the instantaneous oxygen concentration distribution condition inside the structure, wherein C (x, y, z, t) is the oxygen concentration at the tth time point (x, y, z).
And step 3: taking a weaving representative volume unit (RVE) as a research object, calculating the oxygen concentration in the unit according to the diffusion coefficient of a corresponding position, calculating the oxidation appearance of the weaving RVE by considering the fading of a matrix and a fiber bundle around a pore and the generation of an oxidation product, simultaneously, the change of a microstructure influences the diffusion coefficient in the unit, updating a porous medium model to obtain a new diffusion coefficient through numerical simulation, and the new diffusion coefficient causes the redistribution of gas distribution to influence the next oxidation. With the continuous increase of the oxidation time, the continuous evolution of the mutual influence of the diffusion coefficient D (x, y, z, t) and the oxidation morphology is realized.
And 4, step 4: the oxygen concentration at the surface of the fiber bundle is calculated in the weaving RVE model according to the diffusion equation, thereby calculating the oxidation morphology inside the fiber bundle, namely the interface consumption and the surface oxide generation inside the fiber bundle based on the unidirectional CMCs oxidation kinetic model.
And 5: and analyzing the stress distribution of the fiber bundle according to the oxidation morphology of the fiber bundle and a mechanical model, calculating the residual strength of the fiber bundle, and finally calculating the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure by adopting a homogenization method.
Experiments prove that the analysis method provided by the invention can effectively reflect the oxidation damage and the change of the residual strength of different woven ceramic matrix composite structures by comparing the oxidation strength analysis under different oxidation temperatures and oxidation times and the diffusion coefficient, the oxidation morphology change and the residual strength under different test conditions.
In this disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of illustrative embodiments are shown. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily defined to include all aspects of the invention. It should be appreciated that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in greater detail below, may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any one implementation. In addition, some aspects of the present disclosure may be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the present disclosure.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for analyzing oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure, the method comprising:
describing the gas diffusion in the porous medium during the oxidation process controlled by gas diffusion, and calculating the gas distribution in the ceramic matrix composite structure through the diffusion coefficient to reflect the change of the oxidation damage degree of the structure;
on the basis, the weaving representative volume unit is taken as a research object, the stress distribution of the fiber bundle is analyzed according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, the residual strength of the fiber bundle is calculated, and the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure is finally calculated by adopting a homogenization method.
2. The method of analyzing the oxidation damage and strength of a ceramic matrix composite structure of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
s1, testing the oxidation damage degree of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment, and establishing an equivalent diffusion coefficient field model related to oxidation and damage;
s2, calculating the equivalent diffusion coefficient field of the structure according to the geometric shape and the oxidizing atmosphere condition of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure, and calculating the instantaneous oxygen concentration distribution condition inside the structure according to Fick' S second law;
s3, taking the representative volume unit as a research object, calculating the oxygen concentration in the unit according to the diffusion coefficient of the corresponding position, and calculating the oxidation morphology of the representative volume unit in combination with the regression of the matrix and the fiber bundle around the pore and the generation of oxidation products;
s4, calculating the oxygen concentration at the surface of the fiber bundle in the weaving representative volume unit model according to a diffusion equation, thereby calculating the oxidation morphology inside the fiber bundle, namely the interface consumption and the surface oxide generation condition inside the fiber bundle;
and S5, analyzing the stress distribution of the fiber bundle according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, calculating the residual strength of the fiber bundle, and finally calculating the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure by adopting a homogenization method.
3. The method for oxidation damage and strength analysis of ceramic matrix composite structure of claim 2 wherein in step S1, said process of modeling the equivalent diffusion coefficient field associated with oxidation and damage includes the steps of:
s11, testing the oxidation damage degree of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment by taking the strain field distribution as a representation;
s12, scanning the strain maximum value and the strain minimum value area, and establishing a detailed geometric porous medium model;
s13, calculating the equivalent diffusion coefficient through numerical simulation according to the boundary condition;
and S14, establishing an equivalent diffusion coefficient field model related to oxidation and damage by adopting an interpolation method.
4. The method for analyzing the oxidation damage and the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure according to claim 2, wherein in step S4, the oxygen concentration at the fiber bundle interface is calculated by combining the oxidation morphology of the representative volume element of the braid and the equivalent diffusion coefficient, and the oxidation morphology of the fiber bundle is calculated according to a classical oxidation kinetics model.
5. The method for analyzing the oxidation damage and the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, the representative volume elements and the oxidation shapes inside the fiber bundles are integrated, and the residual strength of the fiber bundles is calculated according to a mechanical model.
6. An apparatus for oxidative damage and strength analysis of a ceramic matrix composite structure, the apparatus comprising:
the gas diffusion analysis module is used for testing the oxidation damage degree of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure test piece in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment and establishing an equivalent diffusion coefficient field model related to oxidation and damage;
the first oxidation shape analysis module is used for calculating an equivalent diffusion coefficient field of the structure according to the geometric shape and the oxidation atmosphere condition of the woven ceramic matrix composite structure, and calculating the instantaneous oxygen concentration distribution condition in the structure according to Fick's second law;
the second oxidation shape analysis module is used for calculating the oxygen concentration in the unit according to the diffusion coefficient of the corresponding position by taking the representative volume unit of the knitting as a research object, and calculating the oxidation shape of the representative volume unit of the knitting in combination with the fading of the matrix and the fiber bundles around the pore and the generation of oxidation products;
the third oxidation shape analysis module is used for calculating the oxygen concentration at the surface of the fiber bundle in the weaving representative volume unit model according to a diffusion equation, so as to calculate the oxidation shape inside the fiber bundle, namely the interface consumption and the surface oxide generation condition inside the fiber bundle;
and the strength analysis module is used for analyzing the stress distribution of the fiber bundle according to the oxidation morphology and the mechanical model of the fiber bundle, calculating the residual strength of the fiber bundle, and finally calculating the strength of the ceramic matrix composite structure by adopting a homogenization method.
7. An oxidative damage and strength analysis system suitable for a ceramic matrix composite structure, the analysis system comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; the processor, when executing the computer program, performs the steps of the method for oxidation damage and strength analysis of a ceramic matrix composite structure as defined in any one of claims 1-5.
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