CN111400653A - Robustness analysis model evaluation method based on multi-path transmission system - Google Patents
Robustness analysis model evaluation method based on multi-path transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
- H04L63/1408—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic by monitoring network traffic
- H04L63/1416—Event detection, e.g. attack signature detection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
- H04L63/1441—Countermeasures against malicious traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
Abstract
The invention discloses a robustness analysis model evaluation method based on a multipath transmission system, which relates to the technical field of communication data transmission and comprises the following steps: abstracting the MPTCP multi-path transmission system into an unweighted network graph G containing n nodes and m edges; establishing a structural robustness evaluation index suitable for the MPTCP multi-path transmission system by taking the natural connectivity as an index; establishing an evaluation index of the multipath transmission performance robustness of the adaptive streaming media by taking the efficiency functions E and G as indexes; and calculating the sampling probability of the nodes in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, deleting the corresponding nodes to simulate the selective attack behavior in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, and respectively analyzing the change conditions of the structural robustness evaluation index and the performance robustness evaluation index. The invention can better reflect the resistance capability of a multipath transmission system to the reduction of connectivity and transmission efficiency caused by the actions of random failure of network links, network attack and the like in the data transmission process by the mathematical calculation of the natural connectivity and efficiency functions E (G).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication data transmission, in particular to a robustness transmission evaluation method based on multipath.
Background
With the large-scale application of multiple wireless access technologies (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPRS, 4G, etc.), more and more terminal devices will be configured with network interfaces of multiple different standards (i.e., multi-homed) and have the capability of accessing multiple networks. How to organically integrate a plurality of wireless access technologies and reasonably utilize heterogeneous wireless network resources so as to improve the transmission service quality of application data becomes a hot spot of current academic research at home and abroad. In recent years, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has proposed a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) and a Multipath TCP Protocol (MPTCP) in order to support multi-homed connections, and aims to enable a multi-homed terminal to access multiple networks simultaneously, and to fit multiple link bandwidths to achieve Multipath data Transmission, thereby improving a data Transmission rate and maximizing a network resource utilization rate. In order to enable the multi-path transmission technology to be applied and deployed in a large scale in the future internet, the IETF also sets a series of heterogeneous network configuration standards supporting multi-homed connection, such as dynamic allocation and mapping of network addresses, network selection optimization and the like. It is predicted that the multi-path transmission protocol will become the core transmission protocol of the internet in the future.
The deployment of the multi-path transmission protocol provides opportunities for the development of real-time, interactive and personalized internet applications such as streaming media and the like, and simultaneously brings new challenges. On one hand, the data communication is carried out by adopting a multi-path transmission technology, so that heterogeneous network bandwidth resources can be fitted, and the high bandwidth requirements of real-time network applications such as streaming media and the like are greatly met; on the other hand, the existing multipath transmission mechanism has some defects and shortcomings, which are mainly reflected in that the existing multipath transmission technology is difficult to meet the requirements of stability and reliability of internet data transmission in the future, limited by the original mode of the traditional data transmission control protocol.
The multi-path transmission technology can distribute the service data flow of the application layer to a plurality of paths for parallel transmission, thereby realizing heterogeneous network bandwidth aggregation and link load balancing. However, the bandwidth fitting algorithm and path management mechanism of the existing multi-path transmission technology are too simple. Standard multipath transmission protocols simply fit all available network bandwidth resources for data multiplexing. The multipath transmission technology based on the simple bandwidth fitting algorithm is difficult to meet the requirements of future internet data transmission safety and stability, and the reasons are as follows: 1) in a heterogeneous internet environment, the transmission quality of each link has differences, and the problem of data disorder, unstable transmission and the like may be caused by the fact that the bandwidth resources of all available paths (including paths with characteristics of high dynamic, unreliable transmission and the like) are fitted for data multi-path parallel transmission; 2) with the large-scale deployment and application of emerging information technologies such as the internet of things and cloud computing, various network attacks also show a significantly increased situation. These network attacks may cause problems such as reduction of robustness of multipath transmission, and affect transmission quality of real-time network applications such as streaming media. Therefore, it is urgent and challenging to research a multi-path transmission mechanism capable of satisfying the future requirement of stable and reliable internet data transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
In a heterogeneous wireless network environment, network behaviors such as network link random failure and network attack may cause a problem of reduced robustness of an MPTCP multi-path transmission system, thereby affecting transmission performance of real-time network application data such as streaming media and reducing Quality of Experience (QoE) of streaming media service for a user. Fig. 1 shows a multipath data transmission scenario in which a transmission signal is randomly disconnected due to terminal movement and a path fails due to network attack. The streaming media server and the mobile terminal communicate by using MPTCP transmission protocol and utilize m paths (p)1,p2,…,pm) Transmitting data. Suppose that during concurrent transmission of data, path p1The random disconnection of signals caused by network attack or terminal movement may cause path transmission failure and the overall connectivity degradation problem (i.e. the degradation of structural robustness) of the multi-path transmission system. At the same time, path p1The MPTCP data stream transmitted above will likely suffer from packet loss. When a certain lost data packet does not arrive at the receiving end in time, the MPTCP receiving end does not deliver other received data to the upper layer application due to the need of up-ordered delivery, so that the received streaming media data cannot be delivered to the upper layer application within the playing time of the received streaming media data, which affects the throughput performance of the application layer and the quality of streaming media service (i.e., the performance robustness is reduced).
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the MPTCP multipath transmission process exhibits obvious complex network behavior characteristics: (1) diversity and heterogeneity, the multipath transmission system is composed of network elements with different main properties (i.e. diversity) such as terminal equipment, intermediate nodes (routers and the like), a plurality of transmission links and the like, and the access network of the multipath transmission system may be composed of different wireless networks (i.e. Wi-Fi, 4G and the like) (i.e. heterogeneity); (2) integrity and non-linearity, on the one hand, a multipath transmission system can be considered as an end-to-end communication system as a whole (i.e., integrity); on the other hand, although each transmission path in the multi-path transmission system can independently perform a data transmission task according to its own network condition. However, once a certain transmission path encounters a random fault or an external network attack, the degradation or failure of the transmission performance of the path will affect the transmission performance (i.e. non-linearity) of other transmission paths; (3) network behaviors such as instability and dynamic evolution, random failure of network links, and network attacks may cause instability (i.e., instability) of multi-path data transmission. In addition, the high time variability of the network environment keeps the multipath data transmission process in constant change (i.e., dynamic evolution). Besides, the MPTCP multipath transmission process has complex characteristics of uncertainty, instability and the like.
Aiming at obvious complex characteristics presented in the MPTCP multi-path transmission process in the heterogeneous wireless network environment, the invention integrates the complex network robustness analysis theory and method, establishes a multi-path transmission system robustness analysis model, comprises link failure rate analysis, robustness modeling, robustness performance measurement indexes and the like, and is used for evaluating MPTCP multi-path transmission.
The invention provides a robustness analysis model evaluation method based on a multi-path transmission system, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, abstracting an MPTCP multi-path transmission system into an unweighted network graph G containing n nodes and m edges;
step 2, establishing a structural robustness evaluation index suitable for the MPTCP multi-path transmission system by taking the natural connectivity as a basic index; establishing an evaluation index suitable for the multi-path transmission performance robustness of the streaming media by taking an efficiency function E (G) as a basic index, wherein the efficiency function E (G) is represented as:
in the formula, OFDijThe method comprises the steps of representing the forward time delay of any transmission path from a sending end node i to a receiving end node j in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system;
and 3, calculating the sample entry probability of the nodes in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, deleting the corresponding nodes according to the sample entry probability to simulate the selective attack behavior in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, and then respectively analyzing the change conditions of the structural robustness evaluation index and the performance robustness evaluation index.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. and for the structural robustness evaluation index, the structural robustness evaluation index suitable for the MPTCP multi-path transmission system is established by taking the natural connectivity as a basic index. Through mathematical calculation of natural connectivity, the robustness of a complex network can be accurately described, and the resistance of a multipath transmission system to connectivity reduction caused by actions such as network link random failure and network attack in the data transmission process can be well reflected;
2. for the evaluation index of the performance robustness, the evaluation index of the multi-path transmission performance robustness of the adaptive streaming media is established by taking the efficiency function E (E) (G) as a basic index, and the resistance of the multi-path transmission system to the reduction of the transmission efficiency caused by the actions of network link failure, network attack and the like in the data transmission process is better reflected.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating multi-path transmission data out-of-sequence caused by random mobile disconnection and network attack of a terminal;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of the robustness evaluation flow of the MPTCP multi-path transmission system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a robustness analysis model evaluation method based on a multipath transmission system, including the following steps:
1. and abstracting the MPTCP multipath transmission topological structure model.
Assuming that two multi-path data concurrent transmissions are performed between two multi-destination terminals configured to support an MPTCP protocol, since communications between a receiving end and a sending end have bi-directionality in the multi-path transmission process of the MPTCP, an unlicensed network graph G containing n nodes and m edges may be used to abstractly represent the multi-path transmission system of the MPTCP:
G＝(V,E)
wherein V is [ upsilon [ ]1,υ2,…,υnThe node is a node set of the multipath transmission system (the number of nodes is n ═ V |); e { (υ)i,υj) The "edge set" is the set of edges in the multipath transmission system (the number of edges is m ═ E |). The edge set E represents a set of all connection relationships in the multipath transmission system, and may be represented by an adjacency matrix Z as follows:
if the node v in the multi-path transmission systemiAnd upsilonjIf a communication link exists between the two nodes, the two nodes are considered to have edges to be connected, otherwise, no edges exist. Can be expressed by the following expression:
2. and analyzing the robustness evaluation index of the MPTCP multi-path transmission system.
The robustness of a multipath transmission system can be generally divided into two aspects: structural robustness and performance robustness. The structural robustness can be generally regarded as the resistance of a multipath transmission system to connectivity reduction caused by actions such as network link random failure, network attack and the like in the data transmission process; the performance robustness generally refers to the resistance of a multi-path transmission system to the reduction of transmission efficiency caused by network link failure, network attack and other behaviors in the data transmission process. And for the evaluation index of the structural robustness, the structural robustness evaluation index suitable for the MPTCP multi-path transmission system is established by taking the natural connectivity as a basic index. The natural connectivity has definite physical significance and a concise mathematical form (an average feature of a special form is calculated from a feature spectrum of a network adjacency matrix), and the robustness of a complex network can be accurately described. Its mathematical form can be expressed as:
wherein λ isiShows graph G adjacency matrix An×nThe characteristic root of (2). For the MPTCP multi-path transmission system performance robustness index, an evaluation index suitable for the multi-path transmission performance robustness of the streaming media is established by taking an efficiency function E (E) (G) as a basic index. The efficiency function E (G) is expressed as:
in the formula, OFDijThe method represents the Forward time Delay (OFD) of any transmission path between a sending end and a receiving end in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system.
The calculation process of the forward delay OFD of any transmission path of the MPTCP multi-path transmission system is as follows:
(1) suppose there are k transmission paths in the MPTCP multipath transmission system, and it is noted as (p)1,p2,…,pk). For any transmission path pl(1. ltoreq. l. ltoreq.k), one computation sample of its forward delay OFD can be represented as:
OFD＝trecvtime-tsendtime
wherein, tsendtimeTimestamp, t, sent from MPTCP sender for MPTCP data blockrecvtimeFor MPTCP data blocks over path plTime stamps transmitted and arriving at the receiving end.
(2) After each OFD sample value is obtained, the MPTCP sending end carries out smooth calculation for OFD according to the following formula, and finally a transmission path p is obtainedlSmooth forward delay over
Wherein (0 is less than or equal to<1) Is a weighting factor (the value of which can be given based on empirical values measured in an actual network). old _ OFD is the smooth forward delay obtained by the last calculation
A value; the new _ OFD _ sample is the OFD sample value obtained this time, and the forward delay is smoothed
The forward delay is used as the forward delay of any transmission path from the sending end to the receiving end in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system.
3. And measuring the robustness of the MPTCP multi-path transmission system.
The random failure of the link and the deliberate network attack which occur in the multi-path transmission process of the MPTCP can be respectively abstracted into the random failure and the selective attack in the complex network robustness theory. The random failure may be caused by factors such as link disconnection, routing failure or wireless signal attenuation; the selective attack may be due to deliberate network attacks, etc. For measuring and analyzing the robustness of the MPTCP multi-path transmission system under the condition of selective attack (intentional network attack), the method can be developed according to the following steps: (1) carrying out ascending or descending order according to the importance degree of the nodes to obtain the order of the nodesk(ii) a (2) Calculating sample entry probability P of all nodes in MPTCP multi-path transmission systemi(ii) a (3) And deleting corresponding nodes according to the sampling probability of the nodes so as to simulate the selective attack behavior to the network, and then respectively analyzing the change conditions of the structure robustness evaluation index and the performance robustness evaluation index. Sample entry probability P of nodeiIt can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is the weight parameter of the node.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A robustness analysis model evaluation method based on a multi-path transmission system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, abstracting an MPTCP multi-path transmission system into an unweighted network graph G containing n nodes and m edges;
step 2, establishing a structural robustness evaluation index suitable for the MPTCP multi-path transmission system by taking the natural connectivity as a basic index; establishing an evaluation index suitable for the multi-path transmission performance robustness of the streaming media by taking an efficiency function E (G) as a basic index, wherein the efficiency function E (G) is represented as:
in the formula, OFDijThe method comprises the steps of representing the forward time delay of any transmission path from a sending end node i to a receiving end node j in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system;
and 3, calculating the sample entry probability of the nodes in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, deleting the corresponding nodes according to the sample entry probability to simulate the selective attack behavior in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, and then respectively analyzing the change conditions of the structural robustness evaluation index and the performance robustness evaluation index.
2. The method for evaluating the robustness analysis model of the multi-path transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unweighted network diagram G is abstractly expressed as:
G＝(V,E)
wherein V is [ upsilon [ ]1,υ2,…,υnThe method is a node set of a multi-path transmission system, and E { (upsilon) } is a node set of the multi-path transmission systemi,υj) The edge set E represents a set of all connection relationships in the multipath transmission system, and is represented by an adjacency matrix Z as follows:
if the node v in the multi-path transmission systemiAnd upsilonjIf a communication link exists between the two nodes, the two nodes are considered to be connected with edges, otherwise, no edges exist; expressed by the following expression:
3. the method for evaluating a robustness analysis model based on a multi-path transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mathematical form of the natural connectivity is represented as:
wherein λ isiShows graph G adjacency matrix An×nThe characteristic root of (2).
4. The robustness analysis model evaluation method based on the multi-path transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the forward delay OFD is:
in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system, there are k transmission paths, which are marked as (p)1,p2,…,pk) For any transmission path plL is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to k, and the sample value of the forward delay OFD is expressed as:
OFD＝trecvtime-tsendtime
wherein, tsendtimeTimestamp, t, sent from MPTCP sender node for MPTCP data blockrecvtimeFor MPTCP data blocks over path plA timestamp of transmission and arrival at the receiving end node;
after each OFD sample value is obtained, the MPTCP sending end node carries out smooth calculation for OFD according to the following formula to finally obtain a transmission path plSmooth forward delay over
Wherein, for the weighting factor, old _ OFD is the smooth forward delay obtained from the last calculation
The value of new _ OFD _ sample is the OFD sample value obtained this time, and the forward delay is smoothed
The forward delay is used as the forward delay of any transmission path from the sending end to the receiving end in the MPTCP multi-path transmission system.
5. The method for evaluating the robustness analysis model of the multi-path transmission system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sample entry probability P of the nodeiCalculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is the weight parameter of the node.
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