CN111398960B - GEO satellite-borne SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection - Google Patents

GEO satellite-borne SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection Download PDF

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CN111398960B
CN111398960B CN202010298819.6A CN202010298819A CN111398960B CN 111398960 B CN111398960 B CN 111398960B CN 202010298819 A CN202010298819 A CN 202010298819A CN 111398960 B CN111398960 B CN 111398960B
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CN111398960A (en
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董锡超
胡程
崔畅
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Chongqing Innovation Center of Beijing University of Technology
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Chongqing Innovation Center of Beijing University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
    • G01S13/9029—SAR image post-processing techniques specially adapted for moving target detection within a single SAR image or within multiple SAR images taken at the same time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
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    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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Abstract

The invention provides a moving target detection-based GEO satellite SAR bistatic configuration design method, which constructs a multi-objective optimization function through a relational expression between moving target detection performance indexes and configuration parameters of a system, and selects the optimal moving target detection configuration by using a third generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm under the constraint of the imaging performance of the GEO satellite SAR to complete bistatic configuration design; the technical scheme can ensure that the GEO satellite SAR system has the optimal moving target detection capability while performing ground imaging, and expands the functions of the GEO satellite SAR.

Description

GEO satellite-borne SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of synthetic aperture radars, in particular to a moving target detection-based GEO satellite-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) bistatic configuration design method.
Background
The GEO satellite SAR is a bistatic SAR system which adopts GEO satellites to transmit signals and adopts airborne receiving signals, has better concealment and flexible configuration, and can detect and monitor targets in a complex electromagnetic environment. Compared with an airborne bistatic SAR system and an LEO satellite SAR system, the GEO satellite SAR can realize forward-looking or even backward-looking imaging, has wider detection range and is beneficial to moving target detection.
As early as 1997, the american MITRE company proposed that GEO satellite SAR systems were constructed using stationary GEO satellites as the transmitting source and high altitude unmanned aircraft as the receiving device, for large scene surveillance and moving target detection. Subsequently, the research on the GEO satellite-machine SAR focuses on the imaging performance analysis, the double-base configuration optimization, the imaging algorithm and the like of the GEO satellite-machine SAR on a static scene, and the technical problem of imaging the static scene is solved. In addition, the research of the GEO satellite-borne SAR moving target detection mainly focuses on a system based on a static synchronous orbit satellite platform, and no research of the satellite-borne bistatic SAR moving target detection based on a non-static synchronous orbit satellite exists.
In order to realize the detection of a moving target in a certain area, the GEO satellite SAR moving target detection system firstly acquires the time of irradiating the region of interest by the GEO SAR according to information such as ephemeris data, antenna beam pointing direction and satellite attitude of the GEO SAR, then receives echo signals by using multiple channels of an airplane in the period of time, and monitors the moving target in the region of interest by using a multi-channel moving target detection algorithm (such as ATI, ISTAP and the like).
The GEO satellite SAR has flexible and changeable geometric configurations due to the configurability of the flight path of the airborne platform, and the moving target detection performance of the GEO satellite SAR can also change along with the change of configuration parameters. Without changing the equipment, the GEO spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can obtain better moving target detection performance by changing the geometric configuration of the bistatic. However, the conventional GEO spaceborne SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection only considers the imaging performance of a static scene, namely the configuration design is finished under the given two-dimensional resolution, resolution included angle and signal-to-noise ratio, and the performance of the configuration design when the configuration design is used for detecting a moving target is not considered, so that the moving target detection performance is poor. In addition, the key for determining the bistatic geometric configuration of the GEO spaceborne SAR system suitable for moving target detection is to establish a theoretical relationship between the moving target detection performance and configuration parameters, and accordingly, the configuration design problem is modeled as an optimization problem, which is not involved in previous researches.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a moving target detection-based GEO-satellite SAR bistatic configuration design method, which is based on moving target detection, and the configuration design method models a configuration design problem into a multi-objective optimization problem containing constraint conditions related to performance indexes and configuration parameters by constructing a relation between moving target detection performance and configuration parameters of the GEO-satellite SAR and combining with SAR imaging performance, and finally solves the problem by using a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm to realize geometric configuration design of a GEO-satellite SAR system capable of simultaneously performing moving target detection and SAR imaging.
A GEO satellite-borne SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a relational expression between a moving target detection performance index and a configuration parameter of a system based on GEO satellite SAR system parameters; the moving target detection performance index comprises a minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure BDA0002453219590000021
And positioning accuracy sigmax(ii) a The configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd a ground projection phi of the dual base angles;
and 2, modeling the configuration design problem into a multi-objective optimization problem according to the relational expression in the step 1, and obtaining the optimal bistatic configuration based on a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm.
Optionally, step 1 includes:
step 11, selecting an interested moving target detection area, acquiring a running track of the GEO SAR when the GEO SAR irradiates the area according to ephemeris data, antenna beam pointing direction and satellite attitude information of the GEO SAR, and acquiring system parameters of the GEO SAR and the airborne SAR at the moment;
step 12, establishing a relational expression between the moving target detection performance indexes and the configuration parameters, wherein the performance indexes comprise minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure BDA0002453219590000022
And positioning accuracy sigmaxThe configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd a ground projection phi of a double base angle, which satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000031
wherein it is assumed that when the signal-to-noise-and-noise ratio loss is-XdB, the corresponding speed is the minimum detectable speed, then α satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000032
wherein, WtIs a target envelope, Aa,cIs clutter envelope, CNR is noise to noise ratio, faIs the Doppler frequency, M is the channel spacing, vRIs the flight speed of the airplane, lambda is the wavelength, d is the channel spacing, J is the Fisher information matrix, vrIs the radial velocity of the moving object, and
Figure BDA0002453219590000033
the bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRCollectively, Δ X is the moving target azimuth offset.
Optionally, in the step 12
Figure BDA0002453219590000034
The bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRThe co-determination includes the determination of,
Figure BDA0002453219590000035
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002453219590000036
wherein, thetaTIs the angle of incidence of the GEO satellite.
Optionally, Δ X in step 12 is a moving target azimuth offset, which satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000037
wherein v iseIs the equivalent speed, k, of the GEO satellite SAR system1～k4After being expanded for moving target by double-pass slant distance TaylorExpansion coefficient of each order, k10And the coefficient of the first-order term after the two-way slant range Taylor expansion of the scene central point is obtained.
Optionally, step 2 includes:
step 21, acquiring GEO satellite SAR imaging performance indexes including ground range resolution rhogrAzimuthal resolution ρazAnd a static target to noise power ratio CNR as a constraint condition, and constructing a function to be optimized;
and step 22, solving based on a third generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm to obtain the optimal bistatic configuration.
Optionally, the constructing the function to be optimized in step 21 includes:
assuming a tolerable maximum unambiguous velocity lower limit of vr_max_ReThe upper limit of the distance resolution is rhogr_ReWith azimuthal resolution limited to ρaz_ReThe tolerable error between the included resolution angle and 90 degrees is epsilon, and the function to be optimized is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002453219590000041
s.t.ρgr(x)≤ρgr_Re ρaz(x)≤ρaz_Re
CNR(x)≥5dB vr_max(x)≥vr_max_Re
α(x)-90°≤ε (5)
wherein x ═ θR,φ,ψ)TThe value range is:
Figure BDA0002453219590000042
wherein Θ isRPhi and psi are the value intervals of the plane incidence angle, the ground projection of the double base ground angle and the ground projection of the speed included angle between the plane and the GEO satellite which meet the SAR imaging condition of the GEO satellite.
The invention also provides a GEO satellite-borne SAR bistatic configuration design device based on moving target detection, which comprises:
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring a moving target detection performance index and a configuration parameter of the GEO satellite SAR system; the moving target detection performance index comprises a minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure BDA0002453219590000043
And positioning accuracy sigmax(ii) a The configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd a ground projection phi of the dual base angles;
the model construction module is used for constructing a relational expression between the moving target detection performance index and the configuration parameter of the system;
and the optimization module is used for modeling the configuration design problem into a multi-objective optimization problem and obtaining the optimal bistatic configuration based on a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm.
Optionally, the parameter obtaining module is further configured to obtain a GEO-spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging performance index, which includes a ground range resolution ρgrAzimuthal resolution ρazAnd a stationary target to noise power ratio CNR;
the model building module is also used for building a function to be optimized by taking the SAR imaging performance index of the GEO satellite machine as a constraint condition.
Optionally, the model building module is configured to:
assuming a tolerable maximum unambiguous velocity lower limit of vr_max_ReThe upper limit of the distance resolution is rhogr_ReWith azimuthal resolution limited to ρaz_ReThe tolerable error between the included resolution angle and 90 degrees is epsilon, and the function to be optimized is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002453219590000051
s.t.ρgr(x)≤ρgr_Re ρaz(x)≤ρaz_Re
CNR(x)≥5dB vr_max(x)≥vr_max_Re
α(x)-90°≤ε (7)
wherein x ═ θR,φ,ψ)TThe value range is:
Figure BDA0002453219590000052
wherein Θ isRPhi and psi are the value intervals of the plane incidence angle, the ground projection of the double base ground angle and the ground projection of the speed included angle between the plane and the GEO satellite which meet the SAR imaging condition of the GEO satellite.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the moving target detection-based GEO satellite SAR bistatic configuration design method provided by the invention, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed through a relational expression between moving target detection performance indexes and configuration parameters of a system, and under the constraint of the imaging performance of the GEO satellite SAR, the optimal moving target detection configuration is selected by utilizing a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm to complete bistatic configuration design; the technical scheme can ensure that the GEO satellite SAR system has the optimal moving target detection capability while performing ground imaging, and expands the functions of the GEO satellite SAR.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic configuration design device based on moving target detection according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the present embodiment provides a GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection, please refer to fig. 1, the method mainly includes:
step 1, constructing a relational expression between system performance indexes and configuration parameters based on GEO satellite SAR system parameters.
And 2, modeling the configuration design problem into a multi-objective optimization problem according to the relational expression in the step 1, and obtaining the optimal bistatic configuration based on a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm.
The key for determining the bistatic geometric configuration of the GEO satellite SAR moving target detection system is to establish an analytic relation between the moving target detection performance and configuration parameters. Therefore, before determining the configuration parameters of the GEO satellite SAR system, the invention firstly provides an analytical expression of the performance index and the configuration parameters, a schematic diagram of the geometric configuration is shown in FIG. 2, and the specific method is as follows.
Firstly, selecting an interested moving target detection area, and acquiring a track of the GEO SAR irradiating the area according to ephemeris data, antenna beam pointing direction and satellite attitude information of the GEO SAR; then, under the given system parameters of the GEO satellite SAR, establishing the relation between the performance index of moving target detection and configuration parameters, wherein the performance index comprises the minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure BDA0002453219590000061
And positioning accuracy sigmaxThe configuration parameters are ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the airplane speed and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRThe ground projection phi of the double base angles. They satisfy:
Figure BDA0002453219590000071
when the signal-to-noise-ratio loss is-XdB, the corresponding speed is the minimum detectable speed, and then alpha satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000072
wherein, WtIs a target envelope, Aa,cIs clutter envelope, CNR is noise to noise ratio, faIs the Doppler frequency, M is the channel spacing, vRIs the flight speed of the airplane, lambda is the wavelength, d is the channel spacing, J is the Fisher information matrix, vrIs the radial velocity of the moving object, and
Figure BDA0002453219590000073
the bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRCollectively, Δ X is the moving target azimuth offset.
Optionally, in step 12
Figure BDA0002453219590000074
The bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRIn a joint decision, it is decided that,
Figure BDA0002453219590000075
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002453219590000076
wherein, thetaTIs the angle of incidence of the GEO satellite.
Optionally, Δ X in step 12 is a moving target azimuth offset, which satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000077
wherein v iseIs the equivalent speed, k, of the GEO satellite SAR system1～k4For moving objectsExpansion coefficient of each order, k, after two-way skew Taylor expansion10And the coefficient of the first-order term after the two-way slant range Taylor expansion of the scene central point is obtained.
Optionally, step 2 includes:
step 21, acquiring GEO satellite SAR imaging performance indexes including ground range resolution rhogrAzimuthal resolution ρazAnd a static target to noise power ratio CNR as a constraint condition, and constructing a function to be optimized;
and step 22, solving based on a third generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm to obtain the optimal bistatic configuration.
Optionally, the constructing the function to be optimized in step 21 includes:
assuming a tolerable maximum unambiguous velocity lower limit of vr_max_ReThe upper limit of the distance resolution is rhogr_ReWith azimuthal resolution limited to ρaz_ReThe tolerable error between the included resolution angle and 90 degrees is epsilon, and the function to be optimized is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002453219590000081
s.t.ρgr(x)≤ρgr_Re ρaz(x)≤ρaz_Re
CNR(x)≥5dB vr_max(x)≥vr_max_Re
α(x)-90°≤ε (13)
wherein x ═ θR,φ,ψ)TThe value range is:
Figure BDA0002453219590000082
wherein Θ isRPhi and psi are the value intervals of the plane incidence angle, the ground projection of the double base ground angle and the ground projection of the speed included angle between the plane and the GEO satellite which meet the SAR imaging condition of the GEO satellite.
The optimization problem is solved by using a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm, and the specific solving process can adopt any existing mode, which is not described herein again. Please refer to the solving process shown in fig. 3, an optimal solution set is obtained, and a solution most suitable for flight is selected as the optimal bistatic configuration of the actual GEO satellite-based SAR system according to the flight environment.
Taking the GEO SAR system of a typical "figure-8" trajectory as an example, the trajectory and imaging system parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 GEO Star-airplane bistatic SAR System and orbital parameters
Figure BDA0002453219590000083
Figure BDA0002453219590000091
If the maximum unambiguous velocity is required to exceed 30m/s, the range-direction resolution does not exceed 10m, the azimuth-direction resolution does not exceed 3m, the tolerable error of the included angle of the resolution is 0.1rad, and the parameters of the third-generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 simulation parameters for the third generation non-dominated sorting algorithm
Parameter(s) Numerical value Parameter(s) Numerical value
Population size 100 Maximum number of iterations 500
Probability of variation 0.33 Probability of crossing 0.9
Variation factor 20 Cross factor 20
The configuration design results and their corresponding performance indexes obtained are shown in table 3:
table 3 results of configuration design
Figure BDA0002453219590000092
It can be seen that a plurality of satisfactory bistatic geometric configurations are obtained by one-time solution, and the maximum unambiguous speed, the range-direction resolution, the azimuth-direction resolution and the resolution included angle of the bistatic geometric configurations meet the requirements. Taking configuration 1 as an example, the minimum detectable speed that can be achieved is about 3.52m/s, the positioning accuracy is about 7.88m, and the speed measurement accuracy is about 0.29 m/s.
In the method for designing the bistatic configuration of the GEO satellite-based SAR based on moving target detection provided by this embodiment, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed through a relational expression between a moving target detection performance index and configuration parameters of a system, and an optimal moving target detection configuration is selected by using a third generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm under the constraint of the imaging performance of the GEO satellite-based SAR, so as to complete the bistatic configuration design; the technical scheme can ensure that the GEO satellite SAR system has the optimal moving target detection capability while performing ground imaging, and expands the functions of the GEO satellite SAR.
Example two:
in this embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic configuration design device based on moving target detection is provided, and the device may be used to implement at least part of the steps of the GEO satellite-based SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection in the first embodiment, please refer to fig. 4, and the device mainly includes the following modules:
the parameter acquisition module 41 is used for acquiring a moving target detection performance index and a configuration parameter of the GEO satellite-satellite SAR system; the moving target detection performance index comprises a minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure BDA0002453219590000101
And positioning accuracy sigmax(ii) a The configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd ground projection phi of the dual base angles.
And the model construction module 42 is used for constructing a relational expression between the moving target detection performance index and the configuration parameter of the system.
And the optimization module 43 is used for modeling the configuration design problem into a multi-objective optimization problem and obtaining the optimal bistatic configuration based on a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm.
The parameter obtaining module 41 is configured to select a moving target detection area of interest, obtain a moving trajectory of the GEO SAR when the GEO SAR irradiates the area according to ephemeris data of the GEO SAR, an antenna beam pointing direction, and satellite attitude information, and obtain system parameters of the GEO SAR and the airborne SAR at this time.
The model construction module 42 constructs a relationship between a moving target detection performance index and a configuration parameter, the performance index including a minimum detectable velocity vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure BDA0002453219590000102
And positioning accuracy sigmaxThe configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd ground projection phi of double base anglesThey satisfy:
Figure BDA0002453219590000111
wherein it is assumed that when the signal-to-noise-and-noise ratio loss is-XdB, the corresponding speed is the minimum detectable speed, then α satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000112
wherein, WtIs a target envelope, Aa,cIs clutter envelope, CNR is noise to noise ratio, faIs the Doppler frequency, M is the channel spacing, vRIs the flight speed of the airplane, lambda is the wavelength, d is the channel spacing, J is the Fisher information matrix, vrIs the radial velocity of the moving object, and
Figure BDA0002453219590000113
the bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRCollectively, Δ X is the moving target azimuth offset.
Figure BDA0002453219590000114
The bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRThe co-determination includes the determination of,
Figure BDA0002453219590000115
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002453219590000116
wherein, thetaTIs the angle of incidence of the GEO satellite.
Δ X is the azimuth offset of the moving target, which satisfies:
Figure BDA0002453219590000117
wherein v iseIs the equivalent speed, k, of the GEO satellite SAR system1～k4Is the expansion coefficient of each order after the two-way slant distance Taylor expansion of the moving object, k10And the coefficient of the first-order term after the two-way slant range Taylor expansion of the scene central point is obtained.
The parameter obtaining module 41 obtains the imaging performance index of the GEO satellite SAR including the ground distance resolution rhogrAzimuthal resolution ρazAnd a stationary target to noise power ratio CNR; the model building module 42 is further configured to use the GEO star SAR imaging performance index as a constraint condition to build a function to be optimized.
Model building module 42 is to: assuming a tolerable maximum unambiguous velocity lower limit of vr_max_ReThe upper limit of the distance resolution is rhogr_ReWith azimuthal resolution limited to ρaz_ReThe tolerable error between the included resolution angle and 90 degrees is epsilon, and the function to be optimized is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002453219590000121
s.t.ρgr(x)≤ρgr_Re ρaz(x)≤ρaz_Re
CNR(x)≥5dB vr_max(x)≥vr_max_Re
α(x)-90°≤ε (19)
wherein x ═ θR,φ,ψ)TThe value range is:
Figure BDA0002453219590000122
wherein Θ isRPhi and psi are the value intervals of the plane incidence angle, the ground projection of the double base ground angle and the ground projection of the speed included angle between the plane and the GEO satellite which meet the SAR imaging condition of the GEO satellite.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of computing devices, and optionally they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored on a computer storage medium (ROM/RAM, magnetic disks, optical disks) and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention that is presented in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the practice of the invention is not to be considered limited to those descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A GEO satellite-borne SAR bistatic configuration design method based on moving target detection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, constructing a relational expression between a moving target detection performance index and a configuration parameter of a system based on GEO satellite SAR system parameters; the moving target detection performance index comprises a minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure FDA0003503883910000011
And positioning accuracy sigmax(ii) a The configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd a ground projection phi of the dual base angles;
the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 11, selecting an interested moving target detection area, acquiring a running track of the GEO SAR when the GEO SAR irradiates the area according to ephemeris data, antenna beam pointing direction and satellite attitude information of the GEO SAR, and acquiring system parameters of the GEO SAR and the airborne SAR at the moment;
step 12, establishing a relational expression between the moving target detection performance indexes and the configuration parameters, wherein the performance indexes comprise minimum detectable speed vr_MDVMaximum unambiguous velocity vr_MUVAccuracy of velocity measurement
Figure FDA0003503883910000012
And positioning accuracy sigmaxThe configuration parameters comprise a ground projection psi of an included angle between the GEO satellite and the speed of the airplane and an incident angle theta of a first receiving channel of the airplaneRAnd a ground projection phi of a double base angle, which satisfies:
Figure FDA0003503883910000013
wherein it is assumed that when the signal-to-noise-and-noise ratio loss is-XdB, the corresponding speed is the minimum detectable speed, then α satisfies:
Figure FDA0003503883910000014
wherein, WtIs a target envelope, Aa,cIs clutter envelope, CNR is noise to noise ratio, faIs the Doppler frequency, M is the number of channels, vRIs the flight speed of the airplane, lambda is the wavelength, d is the channel spacing, J is the Fisher information matrix, vrIs the radial velocity of the moving object, and
Figure FDA0003503883910000021
the bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRDetermining jointly, wherein delta X is the azimuth offset of the moving target;
and 2, modeling the configuration design problem into a multi-objective optimization problem according to the relational expression in the step 1, and obtaining the optimal bistatic configuration based on a third-generation non-dominated sorting evolution algorithm.
2. The moving-target-detection-based GEO spaceborne SAR bistatic configuration design method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 12
Figure FDA0003503883910000022
The bistatic angle beta and the incidence angle theta of the bistatic SAR relative to the moving target are mainly determined by the GEO satellite-borne SARRThe co-determination includes the determination of,
Figure FDA0003503883910000023
satisfies the following conditions:
Figure FDA0003503883910000024
wherein, thetaTIs the angle of incidence of the GEO satellite.
3. The moving-target-detection-based GEO spaceborne SAR bistatic configuration design method as claimed in claim 2, wherein Δ X in the step 12 is a moving target azimuth offset which satisfies:
Figure FDA0003503883910000025
wherein v iseIs the equivalent speed, k, of the GEO satellite SAR system1～k4Is the expansion coefficient of each order after the two-way slant distance Taylor expansion of the moving object, k10And the coefficient of the first-order term after the two-way slant range Taylor expansion of the scene central point is obtained.
4. The moving-target-detection-based GEO spaceborne SAR bistatic configuration design method as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the step 2 comprises:
step 21, acquiring GEO satellite SAR imaging performance indexes including ground range resolution rhogrAzimuth resolutionρazAnd a static target to noise power ratio CNR as a constraint condition, and constructing a function to be optimized;
and step 22, solving based on a third generation non-dominated sorting evolutionary algorithm to obtain the optimal bistatic configuration.
5. The moving-target-detection-based GEO spaceborne SAR bistatic configuration design method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step 21 of constructing the function to be optimized comprises the following steps:
assuming a tolerable maximum unambiguous velocity lower limit of vr_max_ReThe upper limit of the distance resolution is rhogr_ReWith azimuthal resolution limited to ρaz_ReThe tolerable error between the included resolution angle and 90 degrees is epsilon, and the function to be optimized is obtained as follows:
Figure FDA0003503883910000031
s.t.ρgr(x)≤ρgr_Re ρaz(x)≤ρaz_Re
CNR(x)≥5dB vr_max(x)≥vr_max_Re
α(x)-90°≤ε (5)
wherein x ═ θR,φ,ψ)TThe value range is:
Figure FDA0003503883910000032
wherein Θ isRPhi and psi are the value intervals of the plane incidence angle, the ground projection of the double base ground angle and the ground projection of the speed included angle between the plane and the GEO satellite which meet the SAR imaging condition of the GEO satellite.
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