CN111397503B - Wide-range roughness contourgraph - Google Patents
Wide-range roughness contourgraph Download PDFInfo
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- CN111397503B CN111397503B CN202010275660.6A CN202010275660A CN111397503B CN 111397503 B CN111397503 B CN 111397503B CN 202010275660 A CN202010275660 A CN 202010275660A CN 111397503 B CN111397503 B CN 111397503B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/043—Allowing translations
- F16M11/046—Allowing translations adapted to upward-downward translation movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/16—Details concerning attachment of head-supporting legs, with or without actuation of locking members thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
- F16M11/22—Undercarriages with or without wheels with approximately constant height, e.g. with constant length of column or of legs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M7/00—Details of attaching or adjusting engine beds, frames, or supporting-legs on foundation or base; Attaching non-moving engine parts, e.g. cylinder blocks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/002—Constructional details of contacts for gauges actuating one or more contacts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B7/282—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/34—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-range roughness contourgraph, which comprises a base, an inductance sensor, a sensor position adjusting mechanism, a guide rail mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein the inductance sensor is arranged on the base; the base on install guide rail mechanism and actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism links to each other with guide rail mechanism, drives guide rail mechanism, sensor position adjustment mechanism is installed to guide rail mechanism one end, installs the inductance sensor on the sensor position adjustment mechanism, horizontal adjustment screw and two machine foot screws are installed to the base lower extreme. The novel guide rail and the novel sensor position adjusting mechanism are arranged, so that the stroke is large, the precision is high, the roughness and a certain profile degree are considered, and the cost is reduced; 3 fixed points are formed between the guide rail and the guide rail base and between the guide rail and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device after the guide rail is installed, so that the accuracy of the guide rail in the left-right moving process can reach the straightness accuracy of 0.2um required by design, and the measurement accuracy of the contourgraph is further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measuring instruments, and particularly relates to a wide-range roughness contourgraph.
Background
Along with recent economic growth in China, the machining and manufacturing industry in China is well developed and the technology is improved, and measuring instruments are popularized on the premise of improving machining precision continuously. A large-range, large-stroke and high-precision roughness meter is the core of a precise shape metering technology. With the continuous improvement of the processing precision requirement in the manufacturing industry, the surface roughness of the product is one of important indexes for judging whether the product is qualified or not. Therefore, in China, a gap exists in high-end manufacturing, for example, in the manufacturing of high-end bearings, except for the reasons of design, processing, materials, heat treatment and the like, more importantly, the technology of the domestic roughness meter is relatively lagged behind, and only roughness can be measured. However, in the bearing manufacturing industry, besides the detection of the surface roughness, the measurement of the groove curvature of the raceway and the roughness of the inner and outer races is required, that is, the measuring instrument needs to have a large range and to satisfy both the roughness and a certain profile. However, most of the current domestic roughness meter manufacturers cannot meet the requirement, and the current domestic roughness sensor has insufficient sensor measuring range and larger swing of the guide rail when in use, so that the domestic roughness meter can only measure the roughness and cannot measure the groove curvature of the roller path, the roughness of the inner ring and the roughness of the outer ring, and the like. The guide rail stroke and the sensor range of the domestic contourgraph can meet the requirement of general measurement, but the price is high, the requirement on the use environment is also high, the contourgraph is difficult to popularize to a production workshop for use, the contourgraph can only be stored in a metering room for use, and only partial sampling inspection can be carried out on products of users, so that the problems of asynchrony and low efficiency in production and measurement are caused.
However, a large stroke high precision roughness profiler is the core of precision shape metrology technology. With the continuous improvement of the processing precision requirement in the manufacturing industry, the surface roughness of the product is an important index for judging whether the product is qualified or not. The precision of the contourgraph mainly depends on the precision of the guide rail, but the precision of the guide rail is not high in the current domestic roughness meter production factories, and the structure mainly adopted is as follows: the roller pin is of a guide rail structure, the main stroke is 17.5mm, and the roller pin cannot be used as a guide rail with a large stroke for a roughness profiler, so that only a small roughness profiler can be used, and the precision of the small roughness profiler cannot be improved due to the limitation of the length and the precision of the guide rail. Most of domestic roughness meter manufacturers can not meet the requirement, and the main problems of domestic roughness measurement are as follows:
1. the guide rail precision is not high (the straightness is more than 2 um), and most standard parts (rolling needles) are purchased as guide rails.
2. The guide rail and the guide rail seat are in clearance fit, and the spaciousness is large.
3. The travel of the guide rail is difficult to reach 50 mm.
That is, if the profiler needs to have improved accuracy, it is necessary to use a large-stroke guide rail to meet and ensure the accuracy.
Furthermore, because the measuring instrument is relatively expensive equipment, and a user manufacturer has various parts with different sizes to be detected by the measuring instrument, the measuring range and the adjustable stroke of the instrument are required to meet the requirements, most of the sensor adjusting mechanisms used in the prior industry are of a gear rack transmission structure, the gear rack of the structure has high required precision and high assembly requirement, is inconvenient to adjust after being worn, has high part replacement cost, and causes great suggestion of the user manufacturer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a wide-range roughness contourgraph which has large stroke and high precision, takes roughness and a certain profile degree into consideration and reduces the cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a wide-range roughness contourgraph comprises a base, an inductance sensor, a sensor position adjusting mechanism, a guide rail mechanism and a driving mechanism; the base on install guide rail mechanism and actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism links to each other with guide rail mechanism, drives guide rail mechanism, sensor position adjustment mechanism is installed to guide rail mechanism one end, installs the inductance sensor on the sensor position adjustment mechanism, horizontal adjustment screw and two machine foot screws are installed to the base lower extreme.
The sensor position adjusting mechanism comprises a sliding frame, a fine adjustment mechanism, a guide rail provided with a guide rail groove, a roller provided with a step matched with the guide rail groove, and a spring pre-tightening mechanism which is used for realizing the centering problem of the roller and the guide rail groove and can automatically adjust the abrasion clearance; the sliding frame is arranged in the guide rail, the roller and the spring pre-tightening mechanism are arranged in the sliding frame, a hand wheel is arranged at one end of the roller, the fine adjustment mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the left side of the sliding frame, the sensor fixing screw is arranged in the fine adjustment mechanism from the right side, the roller and the guide rail surface with the guide rail groove are in contact with the surface, and the sensor fixing screw is fixedly provided with an inductance sensor.
The spring pre-tightening mechanism comprises a pre-tightening spring and a spring pressing disc; the spring pressing disc is arranged in the sliding frame, 2 spring holes are formed in the spring pressing disc in the horizontal direction, and the pre-tightening springs are arranged in the spring holes in the spring pressing disc.
The fine adjustment mechanism comprises a fine adjustment handle screw, a fine adjustment bracket and an inclined adjustment screw; the screws of the fine adjustment support are correspondingly arranged on the left side of the sliding frame, the fine adjustment handle screws are arranged in the fine adjustment support from the top end, the inclined adjustment screws are arranged in the fine adjustment support from the front end, and the sensor fixing screws are arranged in the fine adjustment support from the right side.
The guide rail adopt the bearing steel material to make, process out the guide rail groove of one 6 degrees on the guide rail cylinder, guide rail groove bottom width is 2mm and gyro wheel cooperation, the outer rounding of guide rail cylinder surface, within 0.4um of roughness, the trapezoidal step of a 6 degrees of gyro wheel processing, the bottom width is 2.1mm.
The guide rail groove is a trapezoidal groove, and a 6-degree trapezoidal groove is processed on the cylindrical surface of the guide rail; the sliding frame is arranged in the guide rail, and the direction of the sliding frame is aligned with the trapezoidal groove of the guide rail.
The guide rail mechanism comprises a guide rail base, a guide rail and an automatic pre-tightening device; the guide rail base is provided with a plurality of self-lubricating gasket mounting grooves, a self-lubricating gasket is mounted in each self-lubricating gasket mounting groove, the guide rail is placed to a guide rail mounting position on the guide rail base from the side surface of the guide rail base, and the automatic pre-tightening device fixes the guide rail; wherein, the guide rail base is a part of the base;
the automatic pre-tightening device comprises an automatic pre-tightening fixed seat and two automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices; the automatic pre-tightening fixing seat is installed on the guide rail base, the two automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices are respectively installed on the automatic pre-tightening fixing seat, one end of each automatic pre-tightening adjusting device is propped against the guide rail, and each automatic pre-tightening adjusting device is adjusted to be 8N-10N pre-tightening force.
The automatic pre-tightening adjusting device comprises a pre-tightening outer sleeve, a compression jackscrew, a self-lubricating compression column and a compression spring; the self-lubricating compression column is inserted into the pre-tightening jacket, the compression spring is placed above the self-lubricating compression column in the pre-tightening jacket, and the compression jackscrew is screwed into the compression spring in the pre-tightening jacket to adjust the pressure to 8N-10N.
After the guide rail is installed, 3 fixed points are formed among the guide rail, the guide rail base and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device, and the accuracy of the guide rail in the left-right moving process can reach the straightness of 0.2um required by the design; the self-lubricating gasket is adhered to the self-lubricating gasket mounting groove on the guide rail base through glue; the guide rail is made of bearing steel by using a forging forming process, the error between the parallelism and the perpendicularity of 5 surfaces of the guide rail is within 0.2um, the full stroke is ensured to be 50mm after the guide rail is assembled, and the straightness reaches 0.2 um.
The driving mechanism comprises a screw, a motor mounting plate, a gear, a driving screw rod, a screw nut, a bearing, a screw nut guide rod and a driving shaft; the base on install the motor mounting panel, install the motor on the motor mounting panel, screw-nut suit is on drive lead screw, the cover is equipped with screw-nut's drive lead screw one end and installs on the base, the other end is installed on the motor mounting panel, the epaxial gear of installing of motor, install also on the drive lead screw of motor mounting panel one end and install the gear, two gear engagement drive each other, screw-nut guide bar one end is installed on the base, the other end is installed on the motor mounting panel, the bearing housing is in the drive shaft, the drive shaft is installed on screw-nut, the screw passes the guide rail and installs on the bearing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the wide-range roughness contourgraph, the novel guide rail and the sensor position adjusting mechanism are arranged, 3 fixed points are formed among the guide rail, the guide rail base and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device after the guide rail is installed, so that the accuracy of the guide rail in the process of moving left and right can reach the straightness of 0.2um required by design, and the measuring accuracy of the contourgraph is further ensured; meanwhile, the guide rail combination adopts a precise guide rail and a self-lubricating material, and an automatic pre-tightening adjusting device is combined to adjust the gap machine, so that the moving rigidity and the lasting precision of the guide rail are ensured. The sensor position adjusting mechanism has relatively low requirement on the processing precision of parts, simple structure and automatic gap adjusting function, and can not generate a virtual position and pause feeling after long-term use. The device is suitable for sensor adjusting mechanisms of measuring instruments such as a roughness meter, a contourgraph and a roundness meter. If different strokes are needed, only the guide rail needs to be machined to different lengths, so that the technical difficulty and the cost are low.
Meanwhile, the sensor position adjusting mechanism pre-tightens the spring pre-tightening force of the spring, so that the problem of centering of the trapezoidal steps on the roller and the guide rail groove on the guide rail can be solved, and the abrasion clearance can be automatically adjusted. The contact between the roller and the guide rail is surface-to-surface, so that no pause or contusion is caused during adjustment and matching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wide range roughness profiler provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cut-away view of a wide range roughness profiler provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a sensor position adjustment mechanism in the wide-range roughness profiler provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the sensor position adjustment mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide rail mechanism in the wide-range roughness profiler provided by the present invention
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a rail mechanism in a wide range roughness profiler provided in the present invention;
FIG. 6-1 is an enlarged view of detail A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 6-2 is an enlarged view of detail B of FIG. 6;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic pretension adjusting device in a guide rail mechanism in the wide-range roughness profiler provided by the invention.
Wherein, 1 is an inductance sensor; 2 is a sensor position adjusting mechanism; 2-1 is a guide rail; 2-2 is a sliding frame; 2-3 is a hand wheel; 2-4 are fine adjustment handle screws; 2-5 are fine tuning brackets; 2-6 are inclined adjusting screws; 2-7 are sensor fixing screws; 2-8 are pre-tightening springs; 2-9 are spring pressing discs; 2-10 are rollers; 3 is a guide rail mechanism; 3-1 is a guide rail base; 3-2 is a guide rail; 3-3 is an automatic pre-tightening fixing seat; 3-4 is a self-lubricating gasket; 3-5 is an automatic pre-tightening adjusting device; 3-5.1 is a pre-tightening jacket; 3-5.2 is a pressing jackscrew; 3-5.3 is a self-lubricating compression column; 3-5.4 is a pressure spring; 4 is a screw; 5 is a motor; 6 is a motor mounting plate; 7 is a gear; 8 is a machine foot screw; 9 is a driving screw rod; 10 is a screw nut; 11 is a base; 12 is a horizontal adjusting screw; 13 is a bearing; 14 is a screw nut guide rod; and 15 is a driving shaft.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a wide-range roughness profiler comprises a base 11, an inductive sensor 1, a sensor position adjusting mechanism 2, a guide rail mechanism 3 and a driving mechanism; base 11 on install guide rail mechanism 3 and actuating mechanism, actuating mechanism links to each other with guide rail mechanism 3, comes actuating guide rail mechanism 3, sensor position adjustment mechanism 2 is installed to guide rail mechanism 3 one end, installs inductance sensor 1 on the sensor position adjustment mechanism 2, base 11 lower extreme is installed horizontal adjustment screw 12 and two machine foot screws 8.
The sensor position adjusting mechanism 2 comprises a sliding frame 2-2, a fine adjustment mechanism, a guide rail 2-1 provided with a guide rail groove, a roller 2-10 provided with a step matched with the guide rail groove for use, and a spring pre-tightening mechanism which is used for realizing the centering problem of the roller and the guide rail groove and can automatically adjust the abrasion clearance; the sliding frame 2-2 is arranged in the guide rail 2-1, the roller 2-10 and the spring pre-tightening mechanism are arranged in the sliding frame 2-2, a hand wheel 2-3 is arranged at one end of the roller 2-10, the fine adjustment mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the left side of the sliding frame 2-2, the sensor fixing screw 2-7 is arranged in the fine adjustment mechanism from the right side, the roller 2-10 and the guide rail 2-1 with the guide rail groove are in surface contact, and the inductive sensor 1 is fixed on the sensor fixing screw 2-7.
The spring pre-tightening mechanism comprises pre-tightening springs 2-8 and spring pressing discs 2-9; the spring pressing disc 2-9 is arranged in the sliding frame 2-2, 2 spring holes are formed in the spring pressing disc 2-9 in the horizontal direction, and the pre-tightening springs 2-8 are arranged in the spring holes in the spring pressing disc 2-9.
The fine adjustment mechanism comprises fine adjustment handle screws 2-4, fine adjustment brackets 2-5 and inclined adjustment screws 2-6; the screws of the fine adjustment support 2-5 are correspondingly arranged on the left side of the sliding frame 2-2, the screws of the fine adjustment handle 2-4 are arranged in the fine adjustment support 2-5 from the top end, the inclined adjustment screws 2-6 are arranged in the fine adjustment support 2-5 from the front end, and the sensor fixing screws 2-7 are arranged in the fine adjustment support 2-5 from the right side.
Guide rail 2-1 adopt the bearing steel material to make, process out the guide rail groove of 6 degrees together on the guide rail cylinder, guide rail groove bottom width is 2mm and gyro wheel cooperation, guide rail cylinder surface rounding outside, within 0.4um of roughness, the trapezoidal step of 6 degrees of gyro wheel processing, the bottom width is 2.1mm.
The guide rail groove is a trapezoidal groove, and a 6-degree trapezoidal groove is processed on the cylindrical surface of the guide rail; the sliding frame 2-2 is arranged in the guide rail 2-1, and the direction is aligned with the trapezoidal groove of the guide rail 2-1.
Specifically, the sensor position adjustment mechanism: the sliding frame 2-2 is arranged in the guide rail 2-1, the direction is aligned with the trapezoidal groove of the guide rail 2-1, the roller 2-10 is arranged in the sliding frame 2-2, the spring pressing disc 2-9 is arranged in the sliding frame 2-2, the pre-tightening spring 2-8 is arranged in 2-2 spring holes in the spring pressing disc 2-9, wherein 2-2 spring holes are in the horizontal direction, the fine adjustment support corresponding to screws is also arranged on the left side of the sliding frame 2-2, the hand wheel 2-3 is arranged at one end of the roller 2-10, the fine adjustment handle screw 2-4 is arranged in the fine adjustment support 2-5 from the top end, the inclined adjustment screw 2-6 is arranged in the fine adjustment support 2-5 from the front end, and the sensor fixing screw 2-7 is arranged in the fine adjustment support 2-5 from the right side.
The working principle of the sensor position adjusting mechanism is as follows: the rotation of the hand wheel 2-3 is transmitted to the roller 2-10, the trapezoidal surface of the roller 2-10 and the trapezoidal surface of the guide rail form surface-to-surface contact, and certain friction force and guiding effect are generated. Thereby driving the up-and-down movement of the sliding frame 2 and achieving the effect of design and use.
Specifically, this sensor position adjustment mechanism has following beneficial effect:
1. the guide rail is made of bearing steel materials, a 6-degree trapezoidal groove is processed on the cylindrical surface of the guide rail, and the width of the bottom of the trapezoidal groove is 2mm and is matched with the roller. The surface of the guide rail cylinder is ground to be round, and the surface roughness is within 0.4 um.
2. The gyro wheel processes a 6 degrees trapezoidal steps, and the bottom width is 2.1mm.
3. The spring pretightening force of the pretightening spring can realize the centering problem of the trapezoidal steps on the roller and the guide rail groove on the guide rail, and can also automatically adjust the abrasion clearance.
4. The contact between the roller and the guide rail is surface-to-surface, so that no pause or contusion is caused during adjustment and matching.
5. If different strokes are needed, only the guide rail needs to be machined to different lengths, so that the technical difficulty and the cost are low. It should be noted that the width of the bottom of the trapezoidal groove on the guide rail is 2mm, and the width of the trapezoidal bottom of the roller is 2.1mm, so that the two bottoms are not contacted, and the inclined surfaces of the two bottoms are contacted, and the two bottoms are pressed against the spring to achieve the self-adjusting function.
Meanwhile, the sensor position adjusting mechanism can meet parts (non-standard) of various sizes when the measuring instrument is used, if the situation is met, the mechanism can be realized only by replacing the lengthened guide rail, so that the stroke is increased, the pre-tightening spring forms certain pre-tightening force between the roller and the guide rail through the thrust to the roller, the friction force is played, the self-locking function can be realized by driving the vertical movement, the linearity is stable, the resistance is smaller, and the operation hand feeling is good. If the stroke needs to be changed, only the guide rail needs to be replaced, the cost is low, and the period is short. The moving stroke is 1-70mm (the stroke length can be customized); manual positioning: 1 um; torsion: 10N. Meanwhile, the guide rail is cylindrical, so that the guide rail is easy to machine and guarantee the size when being used for machining and grinding the outer circle, the resistance is smaller, the machining difficulty is far lower than that of gear rack or screw rod transmission, the size of the outer circle of the guide rail is well controlled on a grinding machine, and the moving linearity is not influenced when the taper degrees at two ends are controlled within 0.01 mm.
The sensor position adjusting mechanism has relatively low requirement on the processing precision of parts, simple structure and automatic gap adjusting function, and can not generate a virtual position and pause feeling after long-term use. The device is suitable for sensor adjusting mechanisms of measuring instruments such as a roughness meter, a contourgraph and a roundness meter.
This sensor position adjustment mechanism has solved the following technical problem that exists among the prior art:
1. the requirement on the machining precision of the gear rack is high.
2. The requirement on the matching precision of mechanical parts is high.
3. The assembly process has high requirements.
4. The self-locking function cannot be realized.
5. After long-time use, the gear and the rack are abraded, and the fit clearance between the gear and the rack cannot be adjusted due to the virtual position formed on the surface.
6. If special requirements need to lengthen the stroke, the long rack needs to be customized, and the period is long and the cost is high.
The sensor position adjusting mechanism has relatively low requirement on the machining precision of parts, simple structure and automatic gap adjusting function, and can not generate a virtual position and pause feeling after long-term use.
Further, the guide rail mechanism 3 comprises a guide rail base 3-1, a guide rail 3-2 and an automatic pre-tightening device; the guide rail base 3-1 is provided with a plurality of self-lubricating gasket mounting grooves, each self-lubricating gasket mounting groove is provided with a self-lubricating gasket 3-4, the guide rail 3-2 is placed to a guide rail mounting position on the guide rail base from the side surface of the guide rail base, and the automatic pre-tightening device fixes the guide rail 3-2; wherein, the guide rail base 3-1 is a part of the base 11;
the automatic pre-tightening device comprises an automatic pre-tightening fixed seat 3-3 and two automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices 3-5; the automatic pre-tightening fixing seat 3-3 is installed on the guide rail base 3-1, the two automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices 3-5 are respectively installed on the automatic pre-tightening fixing seat 3-3, one end of each automatic pre-tightening adjusting device 3-5 is propped against the guide rail 3-2, and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices 3-5 are adjusted to be 8N-10N pre-tightening force.
The automatic pre-tightening adjusting device 3-5 comprises a pre-tightening outer sleeve 3-5-1, a compression jackscrew 3-5-2, a self-lubricating compression column 3-5-3 and a compression spring 3-5-4; the self-lubricating compression column 3-5-3 is inserted into the pre-tightening outer sleeve 3-5-1, the compression spring 3-5-4 is placed above the self-lubricating compression column 3-5-3 in the pre-tightening outer sleeve 3-5-1, the compression jackscrew 3-5-2 is screwed into the compression spring 3-5-4 in the pre-tightening outer sleeve 3-5-1, and the pressure is adjusted to be 8N-10N.
After the guide rail 3-2 is installed, 3 fixed points are formed among the guide rail 3-2, the guide rail base 3-1 and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device 3-5, and the accuracy of the guide rail 3-2 in left-right movement can reach the straightness of 0.2um required by design; the self-lubricating gasket 3-4 is adhered to the self-lubricating gasket mounting groove on the guide rail base 3-1 through glue; the guide rail is made of bearing steel by using a forging forming process, the error between the parallelism and the perpendicularity of 5 surfaces of the guide rail is within 0.2um, the full stroke is ensured to be 50mm after the guide rail is assembled, and the straightness reaches 0.2 um.
The working principle of the guide rail mechanism is as follows: by utilizing the precision of the guide rail 3-2 parts, 3-point position fixation is formed between the guide rail base 3-1 and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device 3-5, and the straightness accuracy of 0.2um required by design can be achieved when the guide rail 3-1 moves left and right.
The technological process of the guide rail mechanism is as follows:
1. the guide rail can eliminate the defects of as-cast porosity and the like generated in the smelting process of metal through a forging process, optimize the microstructure and simultaneously save the complete metal streamline. The metallic material in a plasticized state is formed into a shape and a size required for design by hammering or the like, and its physical properties are changed.
2. After the rough-cultured material is annealed, the rough-cultured material is mechanically processed to the size of a guide rail (reserved finish machining size), then the internal stress is subjected to high-temperature and frozen aging treatment, and then the parts are further placed outdoors for at least 180 days for natural aging treatment, so that the internal stress is eliminated to the maximum extent.
3. After the stress of the guide rail is naturally eliminated, fine grinding processing is carried out, and in order to meet the requirements of perpendicularity and parallelism during grinding processing, small feeding amount of a grinding wheel is implemented, and guide rail parts are turned around and reversely processed for multiple times.
4. After the guide rail is finely ground, a manual grinding process is carried out, the flatness and the verticality of the guide rail are guaranteed to be 0.2um, and after the manual grinding, the straightness and the roughness of the guide rail are controlled to be 0.2 um.
5. The self-lubricating gasket between the guide rail and the guide rail bottom is made of special materials with extremely small friction coefficient, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance, and the precision of the guide rail at a constant time is ensured.
6. The guide rail and the pre-tightening adjusting device automatically eliminate the gap of the base of the guide rail through the pressure of the spring.
This guide rail mechanism, its guide rail straightness accuracy: plus or minus 0.2um (50mm stroke), the guide rail friction is little, and the precision is lasting, and the guide rail has automatic adjustment clearance.
The guide rail mechanism solves the following technical problems:
1. the guide rail material adopts bearing steel, utilizes the forging forming process, improves the density of material, carries out high temperature and freezing treatment simultaneously and gets rid of the stress technology, and the stress variation of minimizing the material carries out the manual grinding technology again after high accuracy machine tool machining, guarantees that 5 face's of guide rail depth of parallelism and straightness accuracy error are within 0.2um, and after the guide rail equipment, the assurance full stroke 50mm, the straightness accuracy reaches 0.2 um.
2. The guide rail combination adopts a precise guide rail and a self-lubricating material, and the clearance is adjusted by combining an automatic pre-tightening adjusting device, so that the moving rigidity and lasting precision of the guide rail are ensured.
According to the guide rail mechanism, 3 fixed points are formed among the guide rail, the guide rail base and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device after the guide rail is installed, so that the accuracy of the guide rail in the left-right moving process can reach the straightness accuracy of 0.2um required by design, and the measurement accuracy of a contourgraph is further ensured; meanwhile, the guide rail combination adopts a precise guide rail and a self-lubricating material, and an automatic pre-tightening adjusting device is combined to adjust the gap machine, so that the moving rigidity and the lasting precision of the guide rail are ensured. Meanwhile, the rigidity and the moving stroke of the guide rail are ensured, and the measuring precision of the contourgraph is further improved.
The driving mechanism comprises a screw 4, a motor 5, a motor mounting plate 6, a gear 7, a driving screw rod 9, a screw nut 10, a bearing 13, a screw nut guide rod 14 and a driving shaft 15; base 11 on install motor mounting panel 6, install motor 5 on the motor mounting panel 6, screw-nut 10 suit is on drive lead screw 9, the cover is equipped with screw-nut's drive lead screw 9 one end and installs on base 11, the other end is installed on motor mounting panel 6, motor 5's epaxial gear 7 of installing, install also on the drive lead screw 9 of motor mounting panel 6 one end and install gear 7, two gear 7 meshing mutual drives, 14 one end of screw-nut guide bar are installed on base 11, the other end is installed on motor mounting panel 6, bearing 13 cover is on drive shaft 15, drive shaft 15 is installed on screw-nut 10, screw 4 passes the guide rail and installs on bearing 13.
Further specifically, the profile instrument also has the following characteristics:
1. the guide rail material adopts bearing steel, utilizes a forging forming process to improve the density of the material, simultaneously carries out high temperature and freezing stress removal processes to reduce the stress deformation of the material as much as possible, and then carries out a manual grinding process after the high-precision machine tool processing, thereby ensuring that the measuring stroke of the instrument is 50mm, and the straightness reaches 0.2 um. And a square guide rail is adopted, so that finish machining and grinding are facilitated. The guide rail stroke is 50mm, can once only measure great work piece, and efficiency is higher.
2. The guide rail combination adopts a precise guide rail and a self-lubricating material, and an automatic clearance adjusting mechanism is combined, so that the permanent precision of the guide rail is ensured.
3. The sensor adjusting device is added, and parts with different sizes can be more conveniently measured in the measuring process when the up-down adjusting stroke is 80 mm.
4. Measuring range of the sensor: 500 μm
5. The stroke is 50mm large
6. High precision
7. Is less influenced by vibration and can be used in workshops.
8. The guide rail does not swing left and right when moving
9. The part of convenient measurement size is from 1 ~ 80mm high by the part need not to use the rack.
According to the wide-range roughness contourgraph, the novel guide rail and the sensor position adjusting mechanism are arranged, 3 fixed points are formed among the guide rail, the guide rail base and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting device after the guide rail is installed, so that the accuracy of the guide rail in the process of moving left and right can reach the straightness of 0.2um required by design, and the measuring accuracy of the contourgraph is further ensured; meanwhile, the guide rail combination adopts a precise guide rail and a self-lubricating material, and an automatic pre-tightening adjusting device is combined to adjust the gap machine, so that the moving rigidity and the lasting precision of the guide rail are ensured. The sensor position adjusting mechanism has relatively low requirement on the processing precision of parts, simple structure and automatic gap adjusting function, and can not generate a virtual position and pause feeling after long-term use. The device is suitable for sensor adjusting mechanisms of measuring instruments such as a roughness meter, a contourgraph and a roundness meter. If different strokes are needed, only the guide rail needs to be machined to different lengths, so that the technical difficulty and the cost are low.
Meanwhile, the sensor position adjusting mechanism pre-tightens the spring pre-tightening force of the spring, so that the problem of centering of the trapezoidal steps on the roller and the guide rail groove on the guide rail can be solved, and the abrasion clearance can be automatically adjusted. The contact between the roller and the guide rail is surface-to-surface, so that no pause or contusion is caused during adjustment and matching.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A wide-range roughness contourgraph is characterized by comprising a base (11), an inductance sensor (1), a sensor position adjusting mechanism (2), a guide rail mechanism (3) and a driving mechanism; the device is characterized in that a guide rail mechanism (3) and a driving mechanism are installed on the base (11), the driving mechanism is connected with the guide rail mechanism (3) to drive the guide rail mechanism (3), a sensor position adjusting mechanism (2) is installed at one end of the guide rail mechanism (3), an inductance sensor (1) is installed on the sensor position adjusting mechanism (2), and a horizontal adjusting screw (12) and two machine foot screws (8) are installed at the lower end of the base (11); the sensor position adjusting mechanism (2) comprises a sliding frame (2-2), a fine adjustment mechanism, a guide rail (2-1) provided with a guide rail groove, a roller (2-10) provided with a step matched with the guide rail groove, and a spring pre-tightening mechanism which is used for realizing the centering problem of the roller and the guide rail groove and can automatically adjust the abrasion clearance; the sensor is characterized in that the sliding frame (2-2) is arranged in the guide rail (2-1), the sliding frame (2-2) is internally provided with a roller (2-10) and a spring pre-tightening mechanism, one end of the roller (2-10) is provided with a hand wheel (2-3), the fine adjustment mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the left side of the sliding frame (2-2), a sensor fixing screw (2-7) is arranged in the fine adjustment mechanism from the right side, the surface of the roller (2-10) and the guide rail (2-1) provided with the guide rail groove are in contact with the surface, and an inductive sensor (1) is fixed on the sensor fixing screw (2-7).
2. The wide range roughness profiler as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the spring preloading mechanism comprises preloading springs (2-8) and spring pressing disks (2-9); the spring pressing disc (2-9) is arranged in the sliding frame (2-2), 2 spring holes are formed in the spring pressing disc (2-9) in the horizontal direction, and the pre-tightening springs (2-8) are arranged in the spring holes in the spring pressing disc (2-9).
3. The wide range roughness profiler as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the fine adjustment mechanism comprises fine adjustment handle screws (2-4), fine adjustment brackets (2-5) and tilt adjustment screws (2-6); screws of the fine adjustment support (2-5) are correspondingly arranged on the left side of the sliding frame (2-2), a fine adjustment handle screw (2-4) is arranged in the fine adjustment support (2-5) from the top end, an inclined adjustment screw (2-6) is arranged in the fine adjustment support (2-5) from the front end, and a sensor fixing screw (2-7) is arranged in the fine adjustment support (2-5) from the right side.
4. The wide-range roughness profiler as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the guide rail (2-1) is made of bearing steel material, a guide rail groove of 6 degrees is processed on the guide rail cylindrical surface, the width of the bottom of the guide rail groove is 2mm, the guide rail cylindrical surface is ground to be round, the surface roughness is within 0.4um, the roller is processed to be a trapezoidal step of 6 degrees, and the width of the bottom is 2.1mm.
5. The wide-range roughness profiler as claimed in claim 4, wherein the guide rail groove is a trapezoidal groove, and a 6-degree trapezoidal groove is machined on the cylindrical surface of the guide rail; the sliding frame (2-2) is arranged in the guide rail (2-1) and the direction of the sliding frame is aligned with the trapezoidal groove of the guide rail (2-1).
6. The wide-range roughness profiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the guide rail mechanism (3) comprises a guide rail base (3-1), a guide rail and an automatic pre-tightening device; a plurality of self-lubricating gasket mounting grooves are formed in the guide rail base (3-1), a self-lubricating gasket (3-4) is mounted in each self-lubricating gasket mounting groove, the guide rail is placed to a guide rail mounting position on the guide rail base from the side face of the guide rail base, and the guide rail is fixed by the automatic pre-tightening device; wherein the guide rail base (3-1) is a part of the base (11);
the automatic pre-tightening device comprises an automatic pre-tightening fixed seat (3-3) and two automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices (3-5); the automatic pre-tightening fixing seat (3-3) is installed on the guide rail base (3-1), the two automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices (3-5) are respectively installed on the automatic pre-tightening fixing seat (3-3), one end of each automatic pre-tightening adjusting device (3-5) is propped against the guide rail, and the automatic pre-tightening adjusting devices (3-5) are adjusted to be 8N-10N pre-tightening force.
7. The wide-range roughness profiler as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, the automatic pretension adjusting device (3-5) comprises a pretension jacket (3-5-1), a pressure jack screw (3-5-2), a self-lubricating compression column (3-5-3) and a pressure spring (3-5-4); the self-lubricating compression post (3-5-3) is inserted into the pre-tightening outer sleeve (3-5-1), the compression spring (3-5-4) is placed above the self-lubricating compression post (3-5-3) in the pre-tightening outer sleeve (3-5-1), the compression jackscrew (3-5-2) is screwed into the compression spring (3-5-4) in the pre-tightening outer sleeve (3-5-1), and the pressure is adjusted to be 8N-10N.
8. The wide-range roughness profiler according to claim 6, characterized by that, after the guide rail is installed, 3 fixed points are formed between it and the guide rail base (3-1) and the automatic pretension adjusting device (3-5), ensuring that the precision of the guide rail moving left and right can reach the 0.2um straightness required by the design; the self-lubricating gasket (3-4) is adhered to the self-lubricating gasket mounting groove on the guide rail base (3-1) through glue; the guide rail is made of bearing steel by using a forging forming process, the error between the parallelism and the perpendicularity of 5 surfaces of the guide rail is within 0.2um, the full stroke is ensured to be 50mm after the guide rail is assembled, and the straightness reaches 0.2 um.
9. The wide-range roughness profiler as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, the driving mechanism comprises a screw (4), a motor (5), a motor mounting plate (6), a gear (7), a driving screw (9), a screw nut (10), a bearing (13), a screw nut guide bar (14) and a driving shaft (15); base (11) on install motor mounting panel (6), install motor (5) on motor mounting panel (6), screw-nut (10) suit is on drive lead screw (9), the cover is equipped with screw-nut's drive lead screw (9) one end and installs on base (11), the other end is installed on motor mounting panel (6), gear (7) are installed to the epaxial of motor (5) of installing, install and also install gear (7) on drive lead screw (9) of motor mounting panel (6) one end, two gear (7) meshing drives each other, screw-nut guide bar (14) one end is installed on base (11), the other end is installed on motor mounting panel (6), bearing (13) cover is on drive shaft (15), install on screw-nut (10) drive shaft (15), screw (4) pass the guide rail and install on bearing (13).
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| CN101625231A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-01-13 | 华中科技大学 | White light interference profile meter |
| CN102072696A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-05-25 | 上海应用技术学院 | Vertical automatic roundness and cylindricity measuring instrument |
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| CN2530056Y (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-08 | 浙江泰康压缩机制造有限公司 | Scotch yoke for high pressure gas compressor |
| US7146850B2 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2006-12-12 | Chrome Deposit Corporation | Roll contour measuring apparatus and method |
| CN2733307Y (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2005-10-12 | 殷建军 | Gauge pin for roundness measuring equipment |
| CN1992088A (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2007-07-04 | 李钟平 | Micrometer pressure-bearing high-low regulating means and method of use thereof |
| CN201600122U (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-10-06 | 西安威而信精密仪器有限公司 | Device capable of measuring complicated revolution solid part surface profile |
| CN101813566B (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-07-20 | 吉林大学 | Railway vehicle bogie primary-suspension comprehensive parameter measuring device |
| CN103100859A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-05-15 | 江苏通速交通配件有限公司 | Linear guideway assembly |
| CN110749303A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-02-04 | 湖南鼎峰机械有限公司 | Forged part quality detection device |
| CN210089607U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-02-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Aspheric surface shape swing arm type detection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101625231A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-01-13 | 华中科技大学 | White light interference profile meter |
| CN102072696A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-05-25 | 上海应用技术学院 | Vertical automatic roundness and cylindricity measuring instrument |
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