CN111395529A - 一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111395529A
CN111395529A CN202010262753.5A CN202010262753A CN111395529A CN 111395529 A CN111395529 A CN 111395529A CN 202010262753 A CN202010262753 A CN 202010262753A CN 111395529 A CN111395529 A CN 111395529A
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bamboo
component
round
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stalk
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李海涛
李淑恒
苏靖文
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Nanjing Forestry University
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Nanjing Forestry University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27JMECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27J1/00Mechanical working of cane or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27JMECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27J1/00Mechanical working of cane or the like
    • B27J1/02Braiding, e.g. basket-making
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K9/00Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
    • B27K9/002Cane, bamboo
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/30Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts being composed of two or more materials; Composite steel and concrete constructions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/20Removing fungi, molds or insects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,该构件的主要特点是,构件内部中心为将天然生原竹筒旋切表层至表面光滑、外径统一并且经过防腐处理的圆形竹筒,紧贴中心圆形竹筒的为壁厚较厚的缠绕竹质层,竹质层分三层,内层厚度不小于10mm,纤维方向和构件长度方向一致;中间层5mm‑30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈30°‑45°夹角;最外层6mm‑30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈90°夹角。构件内部既可以是空心,也可以被一种或多种材料填充。本发明开拓了竹材利用的新途径。

Description

一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,属于土木工程技术领域。
背景技术
当今建筑学界一个重要的课题是建筑和生态环境的问题,“绿色建筑”、“生态建筑”等概念应运而生,而我国在工业化、城镇化和新农村建设快速发展的大环境下,提出了深入推进建筑节能,加快发展绿色建筑的号召,所以现代竹木结构绿色建筑工业化已成为国家可持续发展的重大需求。
我国盛产竹子,且拥有量和品质均居世界首位,竹子可再生、可降解,一般3-5年即可成材,竹材的抗拉强度约为木材的2倍,抗压强度约为木材的1.5倍,竹材的比强度高于普通木材、结构用钢材、铝合金、混凝土等,竹材具有较好的弹性和韧性,变形能力强,以竹材及其与其他材料组成的复合材料代替混凝土、钢材或粘土砖等建造房屋,符合国家的绿色发展理念。
随着国家转变经济发展方式进程的加快,发展低碳经济作为国家的快速推进,对天然林和人工育林的保护政策将愈加严厉,木材的供给量和结构构件对其需求量之间的矛盾将愈加突出,以木材为原料的结构构件的发展空间将大大压缩,而生物质材料构件的推出,为有效的保护森林资源提供了方向。
随着我国木质构件行业的高速发展,木材原料的供应不足越来越成为制约我国木质构件发展的一个主要因素。寻求木材的替代材料成为我国木质构件发展急需解决的问题。而应用具有质优价廉,环保、低污染,可循环利用等特性的生物质材料组合构件来代替木材原料必然有广阔的市场空间。
发明内容
本发明目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明涉及一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,该构件的主要特点是,构件内部中心为将天然生原竹筒旋切掉竹节突出部分及竹青至表面光滑、外径统一并经过高温高湿防腐处理的圆形竹筒(1),紧贴圆形竹筒(1)的为壁厚较厚的缠绕顺纹竹质层(2),其厚度不小于10mm,纤维方向和构件长度方向一致;紧贴顺纹竹质层(2)的为斜纹竹质层(3),厚度为5mm-30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈30°-45°夹角;紧贴斜纹竹质层(3)为横纹竹质层(4),厚度为6mm-30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈90°夹角。
所述顺纹竹质层(2)、斜纹竹质层(3)和横纹竹质层(4),其制造技术有4类:第一类:将天然生竹筒经过防腐防霉处理后,直接旋切成大幅面竹皮,围绕构件中心线缠绕成竹质筒体;第二类,将处理好的原竹展平,旋切成竹皮,然后缠绕成竹质筒体;第三类:将原竹破成竹篾或细竹条,编成竹帘或竹席然后缠绕成竹质筒体;第四类,将制作的竹重组材、竹集成材、竹编胶合材等各类工程竹材大幅面单板,旋切成竹皮,然后缠绕成竹质筒体。
所述圆形竹筒(1)还可以被圆形或多边形的缠绕生物质管、PVC管、FRP管、金属管替代,组合构件内部既可以是空心,也可以采用竹、木、麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑、混凝土、泥土、砂浆、石膏、石灰、各种建筑垃圾粉碎物等中的一种或多种材料填充。
附图说明
图1是一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件第一种实施例的示意图。
图2是一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件第二种实施例的示意图。
图中:1为圆形竹筒;2为顺纹竹质层;3为斜纹竹质层;4为横纹竹质层。
具体实施方式
为了进一步说明本发明,下面结合附图对本发明进行详细地描述,但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
对照附图,本发明涉及一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,该构件的主要特点是,构件内部中心为将天然生原竹筒旋切掉竹节突出部分及竹青至表面光滑、外径统一并经过高温高湿防腐处理的圆形竹筒(1),紧贴圆形竹筒(1)的为壁厚较厚的缠绕顺纹竹质层(2),其厚度不小于10mm,纤维方向和构件长度方向一致;紧贴顺纹竹质层(2)的为斜纹竹质层(3),厚度为5mm-30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈30°-45°夹角;紧贴斜纹竹质层(3)为横纹竹质层(4),厚度为6mm-30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈90°夹角。
所述顺纹竹质层(2)、斜纹竹质层(3)和横纹竹质层(4),其制造技术有4类:第一类:将天然生竹筒经过防腐防霉处理后,直接旋切成大幅面竹皮,围绕构件中心线缠绕成竹质筒体;第二类,将处理好的原竹展平,旋切成竹皮,然后缠绕成竹质筒体;第三类:将原竹破成竹篾或细竹条,编成竹帘或竹席然后缠绕成竹质筒体;第四类,将制作的竹重组材、竹集成材、竹编胶合材等各类工程竹材大幅面单板,旋切成竹皮,然后缠绕成竹质筒体。
所述圆形竹筒(1)还可以被圆形或多边形的缠绕生物质管、PVC管、FRP管、金属管替代,组合构件内部既可以是空心,也可以采用竹、木、麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑、混凝土、泥土、砂浆、石膏、石灰、各种建筑垃圾粉碎物等中的一种或多种材料填充。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.本发明涉及一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,该构件的主要特点是,构件内部中心为将天然生原竹筒旋切掉竹节突出部分及竹青至表面光滑、外径统一并经过高温高湿防腐处理的圆形竹筒(1),紧贴圆形竹筒(1)的为壁厚较厚的缠绕顺纹竹质层(2),其厚度不小于10mm,纤维方向和构件长度方向一致;紧贴顺纹竹质层(2)的为斜纹竹质层(3),厚度为5mm-30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈30°-45°夹角;紧贴斜纹竹质层(3)为横纹竹质层(4),厚度为6mm-30mm,纤维方向同构件轴心线方向呈90°夹角。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,其特征在于:所述顺纹竹质层(2)、斜纹竹质层(3)和横纹竹质层(4),其制造技术有4类:第一类:将天然生竹筒经过防腐防霉处理后,直接旋切成大幅面竹皮,围绕构件中心线缠绕成竹质筒体;第二类,将处理好的原竹展平,旋切成竹皮,然后缠绕成竹质筒体;第三类:将原竹破成竹篾或细竹条,编成竹帘或竹席然后缠绕成竹质筒体;第四类,将制作的竹重组材、竹集成材、竹编胶合材等各类工程竹材大幅面单板,旋切成竹皮,然后缠绕成竹质筒体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法,其特征在于:所述圆形竹筒(1)还可以被圆形或多边形的缠绕生物质管、PVC管、FRP管、金属管替代,组合构件内部既可以是空心,也可以采用竹、木、麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑、混凝土、泥土、砂浆、石膏、石灰、各种建筑垃圾粉碎物等中的一种或多种材料填充。
CN202010262753.5A 2020-04-07 2020-04-07 一种竹质圆形或圆环形截面构件及制备方法 Pending CN111395529A (zh)

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