CN111392803A - Separation flotation equipment for micro-plastic in water body and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides separation and flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body and a using method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the micro-plastics in the water body are not thoroughly separated from the water body and are difficult to collect after separation in the prior art. Including flotation mechanism, collect mechanism and sample cup, the sample water that contains little plastics is equipped with in the reaction vessel, the gasbag is located the reaction vessel and is located below the water surface line, the gasbag with admit air the subassembly intercommunication, collect the mechanism and be located the reaction vessel directly over, add the flotation agent in the sample water to the reaction vessel, make little plastics float to the surface of water, after the whole come-up of little plastics, the subassembly that admits air inflates to the gasbag and makes the surface of water rise, and stop inflating when rising to discharge gate highly uniform, linear drive spare can drive the scraper blade to discharge gate reciprocating motion this moment, scrape the little plastics on the surface of water to the discharge gate, the sample cup is located the below of discharge gate, make the showy little plastics of surface of water hung in the sample cup by the scraper blade, realize the separation and the collection of little plastics and sample water.

Description

Separation flotation equipment for micro-plastic in water body and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water quality detection, in particular to separation and flotation equipment for micro-plastic in water and a using method thereof.

Background

With the rapid development of human society, plastic products are used more and more, when waste plastics are treated, the natural degradation time of the plastics is long, and the combustion causes serious environmental pollution, so that a large amount of waste plastics cannot be properly treated, wherein a part of the plastics enter water, especially, micro-plastics with the particle size of less than 5mm cause immeasurable damage to the water environment and aquatic organisms due to small particles, large quantity, wide distribution and easy ingestion by the aquatic organisms, and finally threaten the living environment of human beings.

How to separate the micro plastic from the sample water body with high efficiency is a main difficulty in processing the micro plastic in the sample water body at present, in the prior art, two schemes are mainly adopted to separate the micro plastic in the sample water body, the first scheme is to add reagents such as sodium chloride and zinc sulfate into the sample water body to increase the solution density, so that the micro plastic with lower density in the sample water body floats upwards, but in the separation process, the problems of incomplete micro plastic separation, slow separation process and low efficiency, difficult collection of the separated micro plastic, difficult differentiation of the collected micro plastic types, impurity or other organic matters in the separated solid micro plastic and the like exist, so that equipment is needed to separate the micro plastic from the sample water body quickly, efficiently and thoroughly, and the separated micro plastic is collected completely.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a separation and flotation device for micro-plastics in a water body and a method for using the same, which is used for solving the problems that the micro-plastics in the water body are not completely separated from the water body and are difficult to collect after separation in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a separation flotation device for micro-plastic in a water body, comprising a flotation mechanism, a collection mechanism and a sample cup;

the flotation mechanism comprises a reaction container, an air bag and an air inlet assembly, wherein the reaction container is used for containing a sample water body, a discharge hole is formed in the reaction container, the air bag is positioned in the reaction container and below the water surface of the sample water body, the air inlet assembly is communicated with the air bag, and when a flotation agent is added into the sample water body of the reaction container, micro plastic in the sample water body floats to the water surface;

the collecting mechanism comprises a linear driving assembly and a scraper, and the linear driving assembly is used for driving the scraper to pass through the water surface;

the height of the cup mouth of the sample cup is lower than that of the discharge port, and when the scraper passes through the water surface, the scraper scrapes the micro plastic into the sample cup.

Preferably, the flotation mechanism further comprises a sample water container and a plurality of flotation agent containers, the sample water container and the plurality of flotation agent containers are located above the reaction container, the sample water container and the plurality of flotation agent containers are provided with pipelines which lead to the reaction container, and valves are arranged on the pipelines to control the on-off of the pipelines.

Preferably, the gas inlet assembly comprises a gas source, a gas pump, a first gas inlet pipe, a first electromagnetic valve, a second gas inlet pipe and a second electromagnetic valve, the first gas inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the reaction container, the first electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the first gas inlet pipe, and the gas pump is used for pumping gas of the gas source into the reaction container from the first gas inlet pipe;

the second air inlet pipe is communicated with the air inlet of the air bag, the second electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the second air inlet pipe, and the air pump is used for pumping the air of the air source into the air bag from the second air inlet pipe.

Preferably, the reaction vessel comprises a first vessel wall, a second vessel wall, a third vessel wall and a fourth vessel wall, the first vessel wall and the third vessel wall are arranged in parallel and are planar, the second vessel wall and the fourth vessel wall are arranged in parallel and are both raised edges, the discharge port is located at a sharp corner of the raised edge of the second vessel wall, the shape of the scraper blade is matched with the raised edge of the second vessel wall, and the linear driving piece drives the scraper blade to move back and forth between the first vessel wall and the third vessel wall.

Preferably, the flotation mechanism further comprises a floating ball sensor, the floating ball sensor is located on the water surface of the sample water body in the reaction container, and the floating ball sensor is used for sensing the height of the water surface.

Preferably, the device further comprises a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism is used for supporting the flotation mechanism, the collecting mechanism and the sample cup, the supporting device comprises a main bracket, a tray and a tray bracket, the main bracket is used for supporting the flotation mechanism, the tray is used for placing the sample cup, and the tray is installed on the main bracket through the tray bracket.

Preferably, the tray is an annular tray, and the rotating shaft of the tray is the axis of the annular tray, the first driving assembly comprises a rotating driving piece, a transmission piece and an output gear, the rotating driving piece drives the output gear to rotate through the transmission piece, the outer side of the annular tray in the circumferential direction is provided with external teeth, the external teeth are meshed with the output gear, and the annular tray is rotatably connected with the main support through a tray support;

the number of the sample cups is multiple, and the multiple sample cups are all positioned on the annular tray.

Preferably, the detection assembly is used for detecting the micro-plastic collected by the sample cup, and comprises a laser source, a camera, a spectrometer and a connecting bracket, wherein the laser source and the camera are connected to the spectrometer through the connecting bracket, and the laser source and the camera are positioned right above the sample cup.

Preferably, the flotation device further comprises a drainage mechanism, wherein the drainage mechanism is used for containing wastewater which is subjected to flotation in the reaction container, the drainage mechanism comprises a drain pipe, a wastewater collection box and a third electromagnetic valve, the wastewater collection box is located below the reaction container, the wastewater collection box is communicated with the reaction container through the drain pipe, and the third electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the drain pipe.

The use method of the separation flotation equipment for the micro-plastics in the water body comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing flotation, namely collecting filtered micro-plastic sample water from the environment after determining the type of micro-plastic to be floated, injecting the micro-plastic sample water to be floated into the reaction container, wherein the height of the water surface injected into the sample water is lower than that of a discharge port, adding a specific flotation agent into the reaction container, wherein the flotation agent can change the surface activity of the micro-plastic, opening an air pump and controlling a first electromagnetic valve to communicate a first air inlet pipe and the bottom of the reaction container after the flotation agent is fully contacted with the surface of the micro-plastic in the sample water according to the type of the selected micro-plastic, and pumping air into the reaction container through the first air inlet pipe by the air pump to ensure that the micro-plastic to be separated in the sample water floats to the water surface along with bubbles, so that the purpose of selectively separating the;

the method comprises the following steps of sensing, wherein when a flotation agent is fully mixed with micro-plastics in a sample water body and the micro-plastics to be separated float up to the water surface, the air inlet assembly inflates the air bag to expand the air bag, so that the water surface in the reaction container is lifted, the height of the floating ball sensor floating on the water surface is also lifted, when the height of the water surface is lifted to be consistent with the height of the discharge hole, the floating ball sensor sends a signal to control the air inlet assembly to stop continuously inflating the air bag, and the height of the water surface is kept to be consistent with the height of the discharge hole;

a separation step, when the height of the water surface rises to be consistent with that of the discharge hole, the scraper is positioned at one end, far away from the discharge hole, in the reaction container, and the lower end of the scraper is positioned below the water surface, and the linear driving assembly drives the scraper to translate on the water surface, so that the micro-plastic to be separated floating on the water surface is separated from the sample water body;

and collecting, wherein the sample cup is positioned under the discharge port, and the micro plastic to be separated floating on the surface of the sample water body is scraped into the discharge port and enters the sample cup along the discharge port by the translation of the scraper on the water surface.

As mentioned above, the separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in water bodies of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the reaction container is internally provided with a sample water body, the water surface height of the sample water body is lower than the height of the discharge port, the sample water body contains micro plastic to be separated, the air bag is positioned in the reaction container and is positioned below the water surface line of the sample water body, the air inlet of the air bag is communicated with the air inlet assembly, the collecting mechanism is positioned right above the reaction container, the scraper blade is positioned above the water surface and is close to one side of the reaction container before the air bag is not inflated, the discharge port is positioned at the other side corresponding to the initial position of the scraper blade in the reaction container, the linear driving piece can drive the scraper blade to move towards the discharge port, the track of the scraper blade can cover the water surface in the whole reaction container, sufficient flotation agent is added into the reaction container filled with the sample water body, the activity of the surface of the micro plastic in the sample water body is changed through the flotation agent, so that the micro plastic floats to the, the subassembly of admitting air inflates to the gasbag, and the inflation of gasbag makes the high rising of the surface of water when the floated little plastics of surface of water can be scraped to the scraper blade, and linear drive spare drive scraper blade translation scrapes little plastics to the discharge gate, and the sample cup is located the discharge gate under for the floated little plastics of surface of water has been hung in the sample cup by the scraper blade, thereby has effectively solved the little plastics in the sample water and has not thoroughly and the problem of collecting the difficulty after separating when separating with the sample water.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a separation flotation device for micro-plastic in a water body according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows another schematic sectional view of the separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in water body according to the invention.

Fig. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a separation flotation device for micro-plastics in a body of water according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows another partial sectional view of the flotation device for separating micro-plastic in water body according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a detection assembly of the separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to the invention.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the top mechanism of the separation flotation equipment for micro-plastic in water body according to the invention.

Description of the element reference numerals

1. A flotation mechanism; 11. a reaction vessel; 111. a discharge port; 112. a first container wall; 113. a second container wall; 114. a third container wall; 115. a fourth container wall; 12. an air bag; 13. an air intake assembly; 131. a gas source; 132. an air pump; 133. a first intake pipe; 134. a first solenoid valve; 135. a second intake pipe; 136. a second solenoid valve; 14. a sample water body container; 15. a flotation agent container;

2. a collection mechanism; 21. a linear drive assembly; 22. a squeegee;

3. a sample cup;

4. a float ball sensor; 41. a floating ball; 42. a floating ball connecting piece; 43. an inductor;

5. a support mechanism; 51. a main support; 52. a tray; 53. a tray support; 54. a bearing; 55. a hollow tube; 56. a base;

6. a first drive assembly; 61. a first driving member; 62. a transmission member; 63. an output gear;

7. a detection component; 71. a laser source; 72. a camera; 73. a spectrometer; 74. connecting a bracket;

8. a drainage mechanism; 81. a drain pipe; 82. a wastewater collection tank; 83. a third electromagnetic valve;

9. a housing chamber;

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 6. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The various embodiments may be combined, and are not limited to what is presented in the following single embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a separation and flotation device for micro plastic in a water body, including: flotation mechanism 1, collection mechanism 2 and sample cup 3.

Flotation mechanism 1, flotation mechanism 1 includes reaction vessel 11, gasbag 12 and air intake component 13, reaction vessel 11 is used for holding the sample water, and the sample water can be the pretreatment of doing, is the sample water after the little plastics enrichment in the sample water, contains the multiple little plastics that wait to collect the detection in the sample water, be equipped with discharge gate 111 on reaction vessel 11, the shape of discharge gate 111 can be the arrow point shape for little plastics more easily get into discharge gate 111 and collected, gasbag 12 is located in reaction vessel 11, just gasbag 12 is located the surface of water below the sample water, air intake component 13 with gasbag 12 intercommunication, gasbag 12's air inlet can be located reaction vessel 11 water face line once, gasbag 12 expandable volume will be greater than discharge gate 111 to the initial volume of reaction vessel 11 between the water face line, just can guarantee that gasbag 12 aerifys the height that the water face line can rise to discharge gate 111 after the inflation, the air inlet of the air bag 12 is fixed on the wall of the reaction container, so that the air bag 12 is prevented from floating in the inflation process and cannot meet the requirement of lifting the water surface height, when a flotation agent is added into the sample water body of the reaction container 11, the micro plastic in the sample water body floats to the water surface, the flotation agent can be lignosulfonate, an alkaline methanol solution containing methyl isobutyl carbinol, an alkaline lauryl alcohol solution and the like, the flotation agent enables the micro plastic to be insoluble in water by changing the activity of the surface of the micro plastic, after the flotation agent is fully contacted with the surface of the micro plastic, the surface of the micro plastic corresponding to the flotation of the flotation agent is completely active at the moment, the micro plastic is more easily separated from the sample water body, and at the moment, the air can be introduced to the bottom of the reaction container 11, so that the;

the collecting mechanism 2, the collecting mechanism 2 includes a linear driving component 21 and a scraper 22, the linear driving component 21 is used for driving the scraper 22 to pass through the water surface, the collecting mechanism 2 can be installed on the reaction container 11, the linear driving component 21 can be a linear motor, the scraper 22 is installed on a slide block of the linear motor, the linear motor can drive the scraper 22 to reciprocate, the linear driving component 21 can be fixed above the reaction container 11, when the air bag 12 is not expanded, the lower end of the scraper 22 is located above the water surface line, when all the micro-plastics float to the water surface, the air bag 12 is inflated to make the water surface height rise to be consistent with the height of the discharge port 111, the scraper 22 at the initial position is located on one side of the reaction container 11 far away from the discharge port 111 and the lower part of the scraper 22 is already located below the water surface line, at this time, the linear driving component 21, therefore, the micro plastic on the water surface is scraped to the discharge hole 111, so that the separation of the micro plastic and the sample water body is realized, and in the separation process, the scraping plate 22 can do reciprocating motion for many times, so that the micro plastic is completely separated from the sample water body more fully;

the height of the cup mouth of the sample cup 3 is lower than that of the discharge port 111, the sample cup 3 can be placed on the tray 52, the height of the sample cup 3 cannot exceed that of the discharge port 111, otherwise, separated micro plastic cannot be collected, when the scraper 22 passes through the water surface, the scraper 22 scrapes the micro plastic into the sample cup 3, the discharge port 111 can be a downward port, and after the micro plastic is hung on the discharge port 111, a small amount of water scraped by gravity or the movement of the scraper 22 enters the sample cup 3 together, so that the collection of the micro plastic separated by flotation is completed.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in this embodiment, the flotation mechanism 1 further includes a sample water container 14 and multiple flotation agent containers 15, after a group of micro plastics is collected, the sample cup 3 is replaced, the separated sample water is completely discharged from the lower end of the reaction container 11, at this time, the sample water and another flotation agent are added again to perform the flotation of the next micro plastics, multiple flotation agents can also enable us to separate multiple micro plastics, repeated tests are avoided, the sample water container 14 and the multiple flotation agent containers 15 are located above the reaction container 11, the sample water container 14 and the multiple flotation agent containers 15 can be fixed above the accommodating chamber 9, as long as the height is higher than the reaction container 11, the sample water container 14 and the multiple flotation agent containers 15 are provided with pipes leading to the reaction container 11, and valves are provided on the pipes to control the on and off of the pipes, each of the flotation agent container 15 and the sample water container 14 is provided with a pipeline and a corresponding valve, so that the selected flotation agent can be conveniently controlled according to micro plastic to be separated during an experiment, the pipeline of the flotation agent container 15 and the pipeline of the sample water container 14 can be led to the funnel by arranging a funnel-shaped collector at the upper part of the reaction container 11, and too many pipelines are prevented from extending into the reaction container 11.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the gas inlet assembly 13 includes a gas source 131, a gas pump 132, a first gas inlet pipe 133, a first electromagnetic valve 134, a second gas inlet pipe 135 and a second electromagnetic valve 136, the gas source 131 may be placed at the lower portion of the accommodating chamber 9, at this time, the bottom of the reaction vessel 11 may be a cone, the gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction vessel 11 is located at a sharp angle of the cone, so that after the first gas inlet pipe 133 is ventilated to the bottom of the reaction vessel 11, the whole sample water body in the reaction vessel 11 may move along with the gas floating up sufficiently, so that the micro plastic in the sample water body floats up sufficiently, the gas in the gas source 131 needs to be clean gas without any impurities, the first gas inlet pipe 133 is communicated with the bottom of the reaction vessel 11, and the first electromagnetic valve 134 controls on-off of the first gas inlet pipe 133, the gas pump 132 is used for pumping the gas of the gas source 131 into the, after the flotation agent is added into the sample water body, the air pump 132 starts pumping air to the first air inlet pipe 133 and opens the first electromagnetic valve 134, the air is inflated to the bottom of the reaction container 11 through the first air inlet pipe 133, so that the air can rise to the water surface from the bottom of the reaction container 11, the flotation agent is fully contacted with the surface of the micro plastic in the sample water body in the process that the air passes through the sample water body, the separation of the micro plastic in the sample water body is facilitated, the pressure of the air pumped by the air pump 132 is greater than the water pressure at the bottom of the reaction container 11, after the micro plastic in the sample water body fully floats upwards, the air pump 132 stops working and closes the pipeline of the first air inlet pipe 133 through the first electromagnetic valve 134, and the sample water body is prevented;

the second air inlet pipe 135 is communicated with the air inlet of the air bag 12, the second electromagnetic valve 136 controls the on-off of the second air inlet pipe 135, the air pump 132 is used for pumping the air of the air source 131 into the air bag 12 from the second air inlet pipe 135, when the micro-plastic in the sample water body floats upwards sufficiently, the seven air pump 132 pumps the air to the second air inlet pipe 135 and simultaneously opens the second electromagnetic valve 136, so that the air bag 12 is expanded, the air inlet of the air bag 12 is fixed at the bottom of the reaction container 11, so that the air bag 12 cannot float upwards in the expansion process, when the air bag 12 is expanded, so that the water surface height rises to be consistent with the discharge port 111, the air pump 132 stops pumping and the second electromagnetic valve 136 is disconnected, the air bag 12 stops inflating until the micro-plastic is separated, and when the sample water body after flotation is discharged from the bottom of the reaction container 11, the second electromagnetic valve 136 can be opened at this time, so that the air bag 12 can be repeatedly inflated and deflated, the first solenoid valve 134 and the second solenoid valve 136 can be replaced by a three-way solenoid valve.

Referring to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the reaction vessel 11 includes a first vessel wall 112, a second vessel wall 113, a third vessel wall 114 and a fourth vessel wall 115, the first vessel wall 112 and the third vessel wall 114 are both arranged in a plane and in parallel, the plane arrangement is favorable for sliding of the scraper 22, the second vessel wall 113 and the fourth vessel wall 115 are arranged in parallel, the second vessel wall 113 and the fourth vessel wall 115 are both raised edges, the discharge port 111 is located at a sharp corner of the raised edge of the second vessel wall 113, the second vessel wall 113 adopts a folded edge with a raised sharp corner, and the sharp corner of the second vessel wall 113 is close to the discharge port 111, so that the scraper 22 can fully scrape the micro-plastic on the surface of the sample water body to the discharge port 111 when moving, the shape of the scraper 22 is matched with the raised edge of the second vessel wall 113, the shape of the scraper 22 can be the same as that of the second container wall 113 and the fourth container wall 115, and the scraper 22 is a folded edge with a sharp corner, so that the scraper 22 can cover the whole surface of the sample water body, and is beneficial to separating all micro-plastics from the sample water body, the linear driving piece drives the scraper 22 to reciprocate between the first container wall 112 and the third container wall 114, and the micro-plastics floating on the surface of the sample water body can be completely separated through repeated reciprocating displacement.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the flotation mechanism 1 further includes a floating ball sensor 4, the floating ball sensor 4 is located on the water surface of the sample water body in the reaction container 11, the floating ball sensor 4 is used for sensing the height of the water surface, the floating ball sensor 4 may include a floating ball 41, a floating ball connector 42 and a sensor 43, the sensor 43 may be fixed on the reaction container 11, the floating ball 41 is connected to the sensor 43 through the floating ball connector 42, the height of the floating ball 41 is below the height of the discharge port 111, the air bag 12 is inflated to raise the water surface, when the water surface rises to the floating ball 41 and the floating ball 41 starts to rise, the water surface height at this time is consistent with the height of the discharge port 111, the sensor 43 sends a signal to enable the air pump 132 to stop pumping air to the air bag 12 and the second electromagnetic valve 136 closes the second air inlet pipe 135, so, and simultaneously, a signal is sent to control the second driving piece to drive the scraper 22 to reciprocate, the micro plastic floating on the water surface is scraped to the discharge hole 111, so that the floating micro plastic is separated from the sample water body, when the scraper 22 scrapes, the floating ball 41 can be skipped from the upper end of the scraper 22, the phenomenon that the floating ball 41 is scraped to the reaction container 11 by the scraper 22 and then is clamped is avoided, and the separation is not thorough enough.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the flotation device further includes a support mechanism 5, the support mechanism 5 is used for supporting the flotation mechanism 1, the collection mechanism 2 and the sample cup 3, the support mechanism 5 provides support for the whole device, the support mechanism 5 can be installed in the accommodating chamber 9, the support device includes a main support 51, a tray 52 and a tray support 53, the main support 51 is used for supporting the flotation mechanism 1, a portion of the main support 51 contacting with the reaction container 11 is matched with the shape of the bottom of the reaction container 11 with a conical lower portion, so that the reaction container 11 is stable, the support mechanism 5 can further include a hollow tube 55 and a base 56, a lower end of the hollow tube 55 is fixed on the main support 51, an upper end of the hollow tube 55 supports the main support 51, an air inlet of the reaction container 11 is in the hollow tube 55, the base 56 is installed at the bottom of the accommodating chamber 9, the hollow pipe 55 is adopted, so that the inside of the tray support 53 can pass through the first air inlet pipe 133, the second air inlet pipe 135 and the water outlet pipe 81, the air inlet pipe cannot be influenced in the rotating process, the hollow pipe 55 is fixed, the upper end and the lower end of the hollow pipe 55 at the position where the tray support 53 is fixed can be provided with holes, so that the first air inlet pipe 133 and the second air inlet pipe 135 can penetrate out of the pipe, the tray 52 is used for placing the sample cup 3, the tray 52 can be an annular tray 52, the tray 52 can support the sample cup 3, the sample cup 3 is located under the material outlet 111, the tray 52 is installed on the main support 51 through the tray support 53, one end of the tray support 53 is fixed on the hollow pipe 55, and the other end of the.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in this embodiment, the present invention further includes a first driving assembly 6, the first driving assembly 6 may be mounted on the base 56, the first driving assembly 6 is configured to drive the tray 52 to rotate, the tray 52 is an annular tray, the rotating shaft of the tray 52 is an axis of the annular tray, the annular tray rotates around a central axis, and the reaction container 11 is within an annular shape of the annular tray, such that the plurality of sample cups 3 on the tray 52 pass through the discharge hole 111 when the tray 52 rotates, the first driving assembly 6 includes a rotating driving member, a transmission member 62 and an output gear 63, the first driving member 61 may be a rotating motor, the transmission member 62 is a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft may support the output gear 63 such that the height of the output gear 63 is constant, and the rotating driving member drives the output gear 63 to rotate through the transmission member 62, the outer teeth are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the annular tray and are meshed with the output gear 63, the annular tray 52 is rotatably connected with the main bracket 51 through a tray bracket 53, the rotating motor drives the output gear 63 to rotate through a transmission shaft, the output gear 63 is meshed with the outer teeth of the annular tray, so that the tray 52 is driven to rotate, the tray bracket 53 is rotatably connected with the main bracket 51 through a bearing 54, the outer ring of the bearing 54 is fixed on the tray bracket 53, the inner ring of the bearing 54 is fixedly sleeved on the hollow tube 55 of the main bracket 51, so that the main bracket 51 is fixed when the tray 52 rotates, and the sample cup 3 on the tray 52 is driven to rotate;

the quantity of the sample cups 3 is multiple, the multiple sample cups 3 are all located on the annular tray 52, when multiple groups of micro-plastic flotation separation are needed, the multiple sample cups 3 can be placed on the tray 52, and only after one type of micro-plastic separation is completed, the tray 52 is rotated, and the second sample cup 3 is rotated below the discharge port 111, so that next flotation separation can be carried out.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in this embodiment, the present invention further includes a detection assembly 7, the detection assembly 7 is used for detecting the collected micro-plastic in the sample cup 3, the detection assembly 7 includes a laser source 71, a camera 72, a spectrometer 73 and a connecting bracket 74, the camera 72 may be a better imaging industrial camera, the laser source 71 and the camera 72 are connected to the spectrometer 73 through the connecting bracket 74, the spectrometer 73 may be fixed in the accommodating chamber 9, the connecting bracket 74 may support the laser source 71 and the camera 72, the laser source 71 and the camera 72 are located right above the sample cup 3, a light beam emitted by the laser source 71 needs to directly irradiate the micro-plastic in the sample cup 3, so that the spectrum of the micro-plastic is more accurate, the spectrum of different micro-plastics irradiated by the laser source 71 is different, the micro-plastic collected by the sample cup 3 is irradiated by the laser source 71, the camera 72 takes a picture of the irradiated spectrum and transmits the captured information to the spectrometer 73 through the connecting bracket 74, and the spectrometer 73 is compared with the standard micro plastic spectrum, so that the type of the separated micro plastic can be determined.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a drainage mechanism 8, the drainage mechanism 8 is used for receiving the wastewater in the reaction vessel 11 after the flotation is completed, the wastewater is drained directly through the bottom of the reaction vessel 11, and the wastewater is prevented from being drained by putting down the reaction vessel 11 after the flotation separation is completed, the drainage mechanism 8 includes a drainage pipe 81, a wastewater collection tank 82 and a third electromagnetic valve 83, the wastewater collection tank 82 is located below the reaction vessel 11, the wastewater collection tank 82 is located at the bottom of the accommodating chamber 9, a drainage port is provided at a sharp corner of the conical reaction vessel 11, the drainage pipe 81 is communicated with the drainage port and the drainage pipe 81 leads to the wastewater collection tank 82 and is controlled to be on and off by the third electromagnetic valve 83, the wastewater collection tank 82 is communicated with the reaction vessel 11 through the drainage pipe 81 and the third electromagnetic valve 83 controls on and off, the water outlet and the air inlet can be the same outlet, the lower end of the outlet is connected with the first air inlet pipe 133 and the drain pipe 81 through a three-way electromagnetic valve, when air needs to be introduced, the three-way electromagnetic valve is controlled to close the drain pipe 81 and communicate with the first air inlet pipe, and when water needs to be discharged, the three-way electromagnetic valve is controlled to close the air inlet pipeline and connect the drain pipe 81.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in this embodiment, a method for using a separation flotation device for micro plastic in a water body includes the following steps:

a flotation step, namely after determining the type of the micro-plastic to be floated, collecting a filtered micro-plastic sample water body from the environment, firstly injecting the sample water body to be floated into the reaction container 11, wherein the water surface height of the injected sample water body is lower than the height of the discharge port 111, the height of the sample water body is not too low, so that the liquid surface cannot be raised to the discharge port 111 after the air bag 12 is expanded, then adding a flotation agent into the reaction container 11, wherein the flotation agent can be lignosulfonate, an alkaline methanol solution containing methyl isobutyl carbinol, an alkaline lauryl alcohol solution and the like, the added flotation agent can be excessive, so that the flotation agent can be contacted with all the micro-plastic to be floated in the sample water body, the flotation agent can change the surface activity of the micro-plastic, and the flotation agent is sufficiently contacted with the surface of the micro-plastic in the sample water body according to the type of the selected micro, the air pump 132 is opened and controls the first electromagnetic valve 134 to communicate the first air inlet pipe 133 with the bottom of the reaction container 11, the air pump 132 pumps air into the reaction container 11 through the first air inlet pipe, and the air pumping time can be long enough, so that all micro-plastics to be separated in the sample water body float to the water surface along with bubbles, and the purpose of selectively separating the micro-plastics is achieved;

an induction step, when the flotation agent is fully mixed with the micro-plastic in the sample water body and the micro-plastic to be separated floats to the water surface, the air inlet module 13 inflates the air cell 12 so that the air cell 12 is expanded, the air inlet of the air cell 12 may be fixed to the bottom of the reaction vessel 11 so that the expanded air cell 12 is still confined below the water line, thereby the height of the water surface in the reaction vessel 11 is increased, the height of the floating ball sensor 4 floating on the water surface is also increased, when the height of the water surface rises to be consistent with that of the discharge hole 111, the floating ball sensor 4 sends a signal to control the air inlet assembly 13 to stop continuously inflating the air bag 12, and when the inflation is stopped, the first electromagnetic valve 134 keeps the first air inlet pipe 133 closed, so that the situation that the water surface height is reduced due to the fact that air is reversely discharged is avoided, and the water surface height is consistent with that of the discharge hole 111;

a separation step, when the water surface height rises to be consistent with the height of the discharge port 111, at this time, the scraper 22 is located at one end, far away from the discharge port 111, in the reaction container 11, and the lower end of the scraper 22 is located below the water surface, before micro-plastic is separated, the scraper 22 should be located at one side, far away from the discharge port 111, and the lower end of the scraper 22 is located below the water surface line but not too much, so that the problem that the collection effect of the micro-plastic is influenced due to large fluctuation of the water surface when scraping is caused is avoided, the linear driving assembly 21 drives the scraper 22 to move horizontally on the water surface, so that the micro-plastic to be separated floating on the water surface is separated from the sample water body, the scraper 22;

and a collecting step, wherein the sample cup 3 is positioned under the discharge port 111, and the micro plastic to be separated floating on the surface of the sample water body is scraped into the discharge port 111 by the translation of the scraper 22 on the water surface and enters the sample cup 3 along the discharge port 111.

In summary, in the present invention, a sample water body is filled in a reaction container 11 and the water surface height is lower than the height of a discharge port 111, the sample water body contains micro plastics to be separated, an air bag 12 is located in the reaction container 11 and below the water surface line of the sample water body, an air inlet of the air bag 12 is communicated with an air inlet assembly 13, a collecting mechanism 2 is located right above the reaction container 11, a scraper 22 before the air bag 12 is inflated is located above the water surface and close to one side of the reaction container 11, and the discharge port 111 is located at the other side of the reaction container 11 corresponding to the initial position of the scraper 22, a linear driving member can drive the scraper 22 to move towards the discharge port 111 and the track of the scraper 22 can cover the water surface in the whole reaction container 11, a sufficient amount of a flotation agent is added into the reaction container 11 filled with the sample water body, the activity of the surface of the micro plastics, after the flotation agent fully changes the surface activity of a certain micro plastic in the sample water body to enable the micro plastic to float on the water surface, the air inlet assembly 13 inflates the air bag 12, the expansion of the air bag 12 enables the height of the water surface to rise until the scraper 22 can scrape the micro plastic floating on the water surface, the linear driving piece drives the scraper 22 to translate, the micro plastic is scraped to the discharge port 111, the sample cup 3 is located under the discharge port 111, the micro plastic floating on the water surface is hung in the sample cup 3 by the scraper 22, and therefore the problems that the micro plastic in the sample water body is not thoroughly separated from the sample water body and is difficult to collect after separation are effectively solved. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A separation flotation equipment of micro-plastic in a water body is characterized by comprising:

the flotation mechanism comprises a reaction container, an air bag and an air inlet assembly, wherein the reaction container is used for containing a sample water body, a discharge hole is formed in the reaction container, the air bag is positioned in the reaction container and below the water surface of the sample water body, the air inlet assembly is communicated with the air bag, and when a flotation agent is added into the sample water body of the reaction container, micro plastic in the sample water body floats to the water surface;

the collecting mechanism comprises a linear driving assembly and a scraper, and the linear driving assembly is used for driving the scraper to pass through the water surface;

the height of the cup mouth of the sample cup is lower than that of the discharge port, and when the scraper passes through the water surface, the scraper scrapes the micro plastic into the sample cup.

2. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flotation mechanism further comprises a sample water container and a plurality of flotation agent containers, wherein the sample water container and the plurality of flotation agent containers are located above the reaction container, and the sample water container and the plurality of flotation agent containers are provided with pipelines which are communicated with the reaction container and are provided with valves for controlling the connection and disconnection of the pipelines.

3. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas inlet assembly comprises a gas source, a gas pump, a first gas inlet pipe, a first electromagnetic valve, a second gas inlet pipe and a second electromagnetic valve, the first gas inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the reaction container, the first electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the first gas inlet pipe, and the gas pump is used for pumping gas of the gas source into the reaction container from the first gas inlet pipe;

the second air inlet pipe is communicated with the air inlet of the air bag, the second electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the second air inlet pipe, and the air pump is used for pumping the air of the air source into the air bag from the second air inlet pipe.

4. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction container comprises a first container wall, a second container wall, a third container wall and a fourth container wall, the first container wall and the third container wall are arranged in a plane and in parallel, the second container wall and the fourth container wall are arranged in a parallel mode and are both raised folded edges, the discharge port is located at the sharp angle of the raised folded edge of the second container wall, the scraper blade is matched with the raised folded edge of the second container wall in shape, and the linear driving piece drives the scraper blade to move back and forth between the first container wall and the third container wall.

5. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 3, characterized in that: the flotation mechanism further comprises a floating ball sensor, the floating ball sensor is located on the water surface of the sample water body in the reaction container, and the floating ball sensor is used for sensing the height of the water surface.

6. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include supporting mechanism, supporting mechanism is used for supporting flotation mechanism collect the mechanism with the sample cup, strutting arrangement includes main support, tray and tray support, the main support is used for supporting flotation mechanism, the tray is used for placing the sample cup, the tray passes through tray support mounting is in on the main support.

7. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 6, characterized in that: the tray is an annular tray, the rotating shaft of the tray is the axis of the annular tray, the first driving component comprises a rotating driving piece, a driving piece and an output gear, the rotating driving piece drives the output gear to rotate through the driving piece, external teeth are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the annular tray and are meshed with the output gear, and the annular tray is rotationally connected with the main support through a tray support;

the number of the sample cups is multiple, and the multiple sample cups are all positioned on the annular tray.

8. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 6, characterized in that: the detection assembly is used for detecting the micro plastic collected by the sample cup and comprises a laser source, a camera, a spectrometer and a connecting bracket, wherein the laser source and the camera are connected to the spectrometer through the connecting bracket, and the laser source and the camera are positioned right above the sample cup.

9. The separation flotation equipment for micro-plastics in a water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device comprises a reaction container, and is characterized by further comprising a drainage mechanism, wherein the drainage mechanism is used for containing wastewater after flotation is completed in the reaction container, the drainage mechanism comprises a drainage pipe, a wastewater collection box and a third electromagnetic valve, the wastewater collection box is located below the reaction container, the wastewater collection box is communicated with the reaction container through the drainage pipe, and the third electromagnetic valve controls the connection and disconnection of the drainage pipe.

10. The use method of the separation flotation equipment for the micro-plastics in the water body according to the claim 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing flotation, namely collecting filtered micro-plastic sample water from the environment after determining the type of micro-plastic to be floated, injecting the micro-plastic sample water to be floated into the reaction container, wherein the height of the water surface injected into the sample water is lower than that of a discharge port, adding a specific flotation agent into the reaction container, wherein the flotation agent can change the surface activity of the micro-plastic, opening an air pump and controlling a first electromagnetic valve to communicate a first air inlet pipe and the bottom of the reaction container after the flotation agent is fully contacted with the surface of the micro-plastic in the sample water according to the type of the selected micro-plastic, and pumping air into the reaction container through the first air inlet pipe by the air pump to ensure that the micro-plastic to be separated in the sample water floats to the water surface along with bubbles, so that the purpose of selectively separating the;

the method comprises the following steps of sensing, wherein when a flotation agent is fully mixed with micro-plastics in a sample water body and the micro-plastics to be separated float up to the water surface, the air inlet assembly inflates the air bag to expand the air bag, so that the water surface in the reaction container is lifted, the height of the floating ball sensor floating on the water surface is also lifted, when the height of the water surface is lifted to be consistent with the height of the discharge hole, the floating ball sensor sends a signal to control the air inlet assembly to stop continuously inflating the air bag, and the height of the water surface is kept to be consistent with the height of the discharge hole;

a separation step, when the height of the water surface rises to be consistent with that of the discharge hole, the scraper is positioned at one end, far away from the discharge hole, in the reaction container, and the lower end of the scraper is positioned below the water surface, and the linear driving assembly drives the scraper to translate on the water surface, so that the micro-plastic to be separated floating on the water surface is separated from the sample water body;

and collecting, wherein the sample cup is positioned under the discharge port, and the micro plastic to be separated floating on the surface of the sample water body is scraped into the discharge port and enters the sample cup along the discharge port by the translation of the scraper on the water surface.

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