CN111384709B - High-voltage high-capacity split reactance type current limiter - Google Patents
High-voltage high-capacity split reactance type current limiter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111384709B CN111384709B CN202010155756.9A CN202010155756A CN111384709B CN 111384709 B CN111384709 B CN 111384709B CN 202010155756 A CN202010155756 A CN 202010155756A CN 111384709 B CN111384709 B CN 111384709B
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/021—Current limitation using saturable reactors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F17/00—Fixed inductances of the signal type
- H01F17/02—Fixed inductances of the signal type without magnetic core
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/29—Terminals; Tapping arrangements for signal inductances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/323—Insulation between winding turns, between winding layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A high-voltage high-capacity split reactance type current limiter adopts a three-phase independent structure. The single-phase splitting reactance type current limiter is composed of a single high-voltage splitting reactor and a single multi-break quick vacuum breaker, wherein the multi-break quick vacuum breaker is positioned on one arm of the splitting reactor. The high-voltage split reactor consists of an inner reactor winding, an outer reactor winding and an insulating baffle; the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are of a multi-package parallel dry type air-core reactor structure, the winding directions of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are opposite, the wire inlet ends at the bottom share one wiring terminal, the wire outlet ends at the top are mutually independent, the wire outlet end (1) at the top of the inner reactor winding is arranged on the inner side of the inner reactor winding, the wire outlet end (2) at the top of the outer reactor winding is arranged on the outer side of the outer reactor winding, the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are isolated by adopting an insulating baffle, and the height of the insulating baffle is higher than that of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a split reactance type current limiter applied to short-circuit fault current limiting.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, the level of short-circuit current in each level of power grid is continuously improved, and the shortage of the on-off capacity of the fault short-circuit current of the power grid becomes an important bottleneck problem which limits the development of the power grid more and more. In view of the insufficient breaking capacity of the circuit breaker, a solution of installing a fault current limiter in the grid has received much attention. The fault current limiter has a small impedance under normal conditions, and the impedance becomes large to limit the current at the time of a short-circuit fault. The current fault current limiter technology mainly comprises a current limiting technology which is realized by using a conventional power device, such as a split reactance type current limiter, a series resonance type current limiter, a solid state current limiter and the like, and a current limiting technology which is realized by applying a new material, such as a superconducting current limiter, a PTC thermistor current limiter and the like.
Considering that the existing high-voltage large-capacity mechanical switch and power electronic switch have insufficient breaking capacity and the fault current limiter technology is not mature, it is very positive if the large-capacity circuit breaker or current limiter can be constructed in a very cheap way at present. In order to reduce the current flowing through the switching device, chinese invention patent 200610011904.X discloses a superconducting fault current limiter based on a split reactor, chinese invention patent 200710052947.7 and 201210252205.X respectively disclose a parallel type circuit breaker and a current limiting circuit breaker based on the split reactor, and chinese invention patent 201310007027.9 discloses a series resonance type current limiter based on the split reactor. The protection of the above-mentioned patents relates only to the circuit topology and does not relate to a specific split-reactor configuration. The invention patents 200810197118.2 and 200910208943.2 disclose a structure of a tightly coupled air-core reactor applied to a parallel circuit breaker, wherein the high-coupled air-core split reactor adopts a first winding and a second winding which are coaxially arranged, the first winding and the second winding are sequentially arranged in a crossed way from inside to outside in an encapsulating way, and any two encapsulating ways and the encapsulating way and the connecting arm way are subjected to 2 times of overvoltage when in current limiting and breaking. The port voltage of the tight coupling reactor is 2 times of the current-limiting voltage of the reactor in the current-limiting state, and the utility model discloses 201220373229.6, 201620340866.1 and 201721528069.7 respectively disclose the novel structure and the outgoing line mode of the tight coupling reactor, which can reduce the port voltage of the tight coupling reactor in the current-limiting state by half. However, each package generally adopts an epoxy casting process, so that the package is high in manufacturing cost, low in pressure resistance, poor in heat dissipation capacity, easy to age in outdoor application and difficult to directly apply to outdoor occasions. When the reactor of epoxy casting structure is used in outdoor occasion, rain-proof covers are usually adopted at the top and periphery of the reactor, and the heat dissipation capacity is further reduced. The invention patent 201410117670.1 proposes a double-column structure of a split reactor, which can be a hollow, iron core or half iron core structure, the coil is epoxy cast or oil immersed, and the port voltage of the split reactor can be reduced by half. The highest applied voltage level of an epoxy pouring structure is 35kV, the epoxy pouring structure is difficult to use in outdoor occasions, the oil-immersed structure is adopted, the winding strength is low under high-voltage large-current impact, and the safety is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the port voltage resistance of the existing split reactor is low, a plurality of modules are required to be connected in series, the occupied area is large and the like, and provides a split reactor type current limiter with high voltage and large capacity. According to the invention, firstly, a single branch of the high-voltage splitting reactor is connected with the multi-break quick circuit breaker in series, then the series branch is connected with the other branch of the high-voltage splitting reactor in parallel, and the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker is reduced to 50% of the short-circuit capacity. Meanwhile, after the circuit breaker is disconnected, the impedance of the high-voltage splitting reactor is rapidly increased, and the fault current is rapidly limited, so that the main circuit breaker of the system can be effectively disconnected to a fault line. According to the high-voltage splitting reactance type current limiter, the port withstand voltage of the splitting reactor and the port withstand voltage of the multi-break circuit breaker are both higher, the occupied area is small, and a single current limiter can be used for voltage grades of 220kV and above and can be applied to high-voltage and ultrahigh-voltage power grid systems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a splitting reactance type current limiter which adopts a three-phase independent structure, wherein the single-phase splitting reactance type current limiter is composed of a single high-voltage splitting reactor and a single multi-break quick breaker, the multi-break quick breaker is positioned on one arm of the splitting reactor, and the splitting reactance type current limiter is connected in series in a power grid through a conventional breaker.
The high-voltage split reactor is composed of an inner reactor winding, an outer reactor winding and an insulation baffle, the inner reactor winding, the outer reactor winding and the insulation baffle are coaxially arranged, and the insulation baffle is located between the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding. The inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are both in a multi-encapsulation dry-type air-core reactor structure, the winding directions of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are opposite, the wire inlet ends of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding at the bottom share one wiring terminal, the wire outlet ends at the top are mutually independent, the wire outlet end at the top of the inner reactor winding is arranged at the inner side of the inner reactor winding, and the wire outlet end at the top of the outer reactor winding is arranged at the outer side of the outer reactor winding; the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are isolated by an insulating baffle to prevent breakdown and creeping discharge between the outer side of the reactor winding and the inner side of the outer reactor winding in a current limiting state. The short-time impact voltage withstanding capability of a single high-voltage splitting reactor port can reach more than 400kV, and the single splitting reactance type current limiter can be used for voltage classes of 220kV and above.
Each package of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding can adopt a preimpregnated glass fiber cloth winding or epoxy pouring structure; the connection arms at the bottoms of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding adopt an integrated star-shaped arm structure, the connection arm at the top of the inner reactor winding adopts a star-shaped arm structure, and the connection arm at the top of the outer reactor winding adopts a star-shaped arm structure with an inner ring; the operating mechanism of the multi-break quick circuit breaker adopts an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and adopts a set of mechanism to simultaneously break a plurality of breaks.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) the split reactance type current limiter is simple in structure, easy to implement and high in reliability, when the split reactance type current limiter operates normally, the split reactance type current limiter has smaller impedance, has small influence on a system, plays a certain role in inhibiting short-circuit current when a quick breaker is not disconnected, and quickly increases the impedance of the split reactance type current limiter when the quick breaker is disconnected, so that the short-circuit current is effectively limited.
2) The invention can be used to construct high-pressure, high-capacity flow restrictors. Because the high-voltage split reactor adopts a high-port voltage-resistant insulation structure with long inlet and outlet wire end distance, long port distance between two outlet wires and long creepage distance, a rain-proof cover is not needed, the short-time power frequency voltage resistance which can be borne by the ports can reach more than 400kV, a structure that a plurality of split reactors and a plurality of quick circuit breakers are connected in series is not needed, the occupied area is small, and the price is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a multi-module split reactance type current limiter;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the high-voltage high-capacity split reactance type current limiter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional high-coupling split reactor;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-voltage split reactor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a conventional multi-module split reactance type current limiter. As shown in fig. 1, the multi-module split reactance type current limiter is composed of a plurality of high coupling degree split reactor modules and a plurality of fast breaker modules.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an embodiment of the high-voltage high-capacity split reactance type current limiter of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the high-voltage splitting reactance type current limiter is composed of a high-voltage splitting reactor and a multi-break quick breaker. The high-voltage split reactor adopts a high-end-port voltage-resistant coil structure and a wire outgoing mode; the operating mechanism of the multi-break quick circuit breaker adopts an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and adopts a set of mechanism to simultaneously break a plurality of breaks.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional high-coupling split reactor. As shown in fig. 3, the high-coupling split reactor employs a first winding and a second winding which are coaxially arranged, the envelopes of the first winding and the second winding are sequentially arranged in a crossed manner from inside to outside, and overvoltage during current limiting and breaking is borne between any two envelopes and between the envelopes and a connecting arm. Therefore, each package generally adopts an epoxy casting process, has high manufacturing cost and low pressure resistance and is difficult to be applied to outdoor occasions.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-voltage split reactor of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the high-voltage reactor of the present invention comprises an inner reactor winding, an outer reactor winding and an insulating baffle, wherein the inner reactor winding, the outer reactor winding and the insulating baffle are coaxially arranged, and the insulating baffle is located between the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding; the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are both in a multi-encapsulation dry-type air-core reactor structure, the winding directions of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are opposite, the wire outlet ends of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding at the bottom are mutually independent, the wire outlet end 1 at the top of the inner reactor winding is arranged at the inner side of the inner reactor winding, the wire outlet end 2 at the top of the outer reactor winding is arranged at the outer side of the outer reactor winding, and the wire outlet end 1 and the wire outlet end 2 are provided with port insulation distances larger than 0.5 m; the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are isolated by an insulating baffle, the thickness of the insulating baffle is more than 1cm, the height of the insulating baffle is more than 0.5m higher than that of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding, and a creepage distance of more than 1m is reserved so as to prevent breakdown and creeping discharge between the outer side of the reactor winding and the inner side of the outer reactor winding in a current limiting state. The short-time impact withstand voltage of the high-voltage split reactor can reach more than 400 kV; the high-voltage split reactor, the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding can be respectively encapsulated by adopting a preimpregnated glass fiber cloth winding structure; the connection arms at the bottoms of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are of an integrated star-shaped arm structure, the connection arm at the top of the inner reactor winding is of a star-shaped arm structure, and the connection arm at the top of the outer reactor winding is of a star-shaped arm structure with an inner ring.
Claims (5)
1. A high-voltage high-capacity split reactance type current limiter is characterized in that: the single-phase split reactance type current limiter consists of a single high-voltage split reactor and a single multi-break quick breaker, and the multi-break quick breaker is positioned on one arm of the split reactor; the split reactance type current limiter is connected in series in a power grid through a conventional circuit breaker;
the high-voltage split reactor consists of an inner reactor winding, an outer reactor winding and an insulating baffle; the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are both in a multi-package parallel dry type air-core reactor structure, the winding directions of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are opposite, the wire inlet ends of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding at the bottom share one wiring terminal, the wire outlet ends at the top are mutually independent, the wire outlet end (1) at the top of the inner reactor winding is arranged at the inner side of the inner reactor winding, and the wire outlet end (2) at the top of the outer reactor winding is arranged at the outer side of the outer reactor winding; the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding are isolated by an insulating baffle to prevent breakdown and creeping discharge between the outer side of the reactor winding and the inner side of the outer reactor winding in a current limiting state.
2. A high voltage high capacity split reactance type current limiter according to claim 1 characterized by: and a port insulation distance larger than 0.5m is reserved between the outlet end (1) at the top of the inner reactor winding and the outlet end (2) at the top of the outer reactor winding.
3. A high voltage high capacity split reactance type current limiter according to claim 1 characterized by: the thickness of the insulating baffle is more than 1cm, the height of the insulating baffle is more than 0.5m higher than that of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding, and a creepage distance of more than 1m is reserved.
4. A high voltage high capacity split reactance type current limiter according to claim 1 characterized by: the short-time impact voltage withstanding capability of the single high-voltage splitting reactor port can reach more than 400kV, and the single high-voltage splitting reactance type current limiter can be used for voltage classes of 220kV and more than 220 kV.
5. A high voltage high capacity split reactance type current limiter according to claim 1 characterized by: each parallel envelope of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding adopts a preimpregnated glass fiber cloth winding structure; the connection arms at the bottoms of the inner reactor winding and the outer reactor winding adopt an integrated star-shaped arm structure, the connection arm at the top of the inner reactor winding adopts a star-shaped arm structure, and the connection arm at the top of the outer reactor winding adopts a star-shaped arm structure with an inner ring; the operating mechanism of the multi-fracture quick breaker adopts an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and a set of electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is adopted to simultaneously break a plurality of fractures.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112366668B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Low-loss split reactance type current-limiting circuit breaker |
| CN112952783B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Alternating current short circuit fault current limiter |
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