CN111384589A - Hybrid multi-frequency antenna array - Google Patents

Hybrid multi-frequency antenna array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111384589A
CN111384589A CN201811628521.6A CN201811628521A CN111384589A CN 111384589 A CN111384589 A CN 111384589A CN 201811628521 A CN201811628521 A CN 201811628521A CN 111384589 A CN111384589 A CN 111384589A
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antenna array
frequency
slot
circuit
band
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CN111384589B (en
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李伟宇
钟蔿
翁金辂
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands

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Abstract

The invention discloses a mixed multi-frequency antenna array, which can effectively reduce the overall size of a multi-frequency multi-beam antenna array applied to a communication device so as to meet the practical application requirement of the multi-antenna communication device with high data transmission speed.

Description

Hybrid multi-frequency antenna array
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a multi-frequency antenna array design, and more particularly, to a design structure of a miniaturized high-integrity multi-frequency antenna array capable of increasing the data transmission speed of different communication frequency bands of a communication device.
Background
Due to the continuous improvement of the requirements of wireless communication signal quality and transmission speed, the development of millimeter wave frequency band communication technology is rapidly caused. The millimeter wave band communication technology has the opportunity to utilize more bandwidth resources to increase the wireless data transmission rate, and thus has become one of the key points in the development of Multi-Gbps communication systems of the next generation. However, millimeter wave band communication applications have higher wireless transmission path loss than commercial bands below 6 GHz. Therefore, a beam forming antenna array (Beamforming antenna) architecture, which has high gain and high directivity and can achieve various field-type variation functions, becomes a key antenna technology implementation means for millimeter-wave frequency band communication. In addition, since different frequency bands of the millimeter wave communication system may be adopted in different countries, how to achieve the beam forming antenna array architecture for multiband operation is also an important technical research topic.
In the prior art, for millimeter wave band communication applications, a number of high-integration beam-forming antenna array architectures have been published that can achieve single band operation. Some prior art documents propose to design a single beam-forming antenna array to excite a broadband resonance mode, so as to achieve multiple different communication frequency band operations. However, in different millimeter wave communication bands, the corresponding preferred antenna array unit spacings are different. Therefore, in the prior art, a single antenna array is designed to excite a wideband mode to achieve multiple different communication bands, and Grating lobes (Grating) are generated at different operating frequencies.
If the beam forming antenna arrays operated in corresponding different frequency bands are designed for different millimeter wave frequency bands, the problem of Grating lobes (Grating lobes) can be effectively avoided. However, the beamforming antenna arrays operating in different frequency bands must be configured with proper spacing distances to avoid the damage of far-field radiation patterns in different frequency bands caused by mutual coupling due to the staggered configuration between different antenna arrays. However, this method causes a problem of poor space utilization.
Therefore, how to implement a plurality of groups of beamforming antenna array architectures operating in different frequency bands in a communication device with limited space for different millimeter wave frequency bands is also an important issue to be solved at present. Therefore, a high-integrity multi-frequency antenna array design is needed to solve the above problems, so as to meet the practical application requirements of wireless high-speed data transmission in a plurality of different millimeter wave communication bands of future communication devices.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention discloses a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array. Some embodiments according to examples solve the above technical problem.
According to an exemplary embodiment, a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array is provided. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate, a first antenna array and a second antenna array. The multilayer dielectric substrate has a ground conductor structure, and the ground conductor structure has a first edge. The first antenna array includes a plurality of folded loop antennas. The plurality of folded loop antennas are integrated on the multilayer dielectric substrate and arranged along the first edge in an extending mode. Wherein each of the folded loop antennas has a meandering metal resonant path. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths has a loop short-circuit point and a loop feed-in point, each of the loop short-circuit points is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure, and a first distance is formed between each of the loop feed-in points. The first antenna array is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least one first communication frequency band. The second antenna array includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas. The plurality of parallel slot antennas are integrated on the multilayer dielectric substrate and are arranged along the first edge in an extending mode. Each of the parallel slot antennas has a first slot and a second slot, and a signal coupling line crossing the first slot and the second slot. The plurality of first slots and the plurality of second slots are all positioned on the grounding conductor structure. The signal coupling lines are respectively provided with a slot feeding point, and a second interval is formed between every two adjacent slot feeding points. The second antenna array is excited to generate a second resonance mode, the second resonance mode covers at least one second communication frequency band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode.
In order to better understand the above and other contents of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 1 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2A is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2B is a return loss and isolation curve of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2C is a multi-beam scanning 2D pattern diagram of the first antenna array 21 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 in the first communication band according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2D is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the second antenna array 22 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 in the second communication frequency band according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 4 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 5 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6A is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6B is a return loss and isolation curve of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6C is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the first antenna array 61 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 in the first communication band according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6D is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the second antenna array 62 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 in the second communication band according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 7 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8A is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8B is a return loss and isolation graph of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8C is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the first antenna array 81 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 in the first communication band according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8D is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the second antenna array 82 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 in the second communication band according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the symbols
1. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: hybrid multi-frequency antenna array
10. 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80: multilayer dielectric substrate
101. 201, 301, 401, 501, 601, 701, 801: grounding conductor structure
102. 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802: first edge
11. 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81: first antenna array
111. 112, 211, 212, 213, 214, 311, 312, 313, 314, 411, 412, 413, 414, 511, 512, 513, 514, 611, 612, 613, 614, 711, 712, 713, 714, 811, 812, 813, 814: folding loop antenna
1111. 1121, 2111, 2121, 2131, 2141, 3111, 3121, 3131, 3141, 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141, 5111, 5121, 5131, 5141, 6111, 6121, 6131, 6141, 7111, 7121, 7131, 7141, 8111, 8121, 8131, 8141: meandering metal resonance path
1112. 1122, 2112, 2122, 2132, 2142, 3112, 3122, 3132, 3142, 4112, 4122, 4132, 4142, 5112, 5122, 5132, 5142, 6112, 6122, 6132, 6142, 7112, 7122, 7132, 7142, 8112, 8122, 8132, 8142: ring short circuit point
1113. 1123, 2113, 2123, 2133, 2143, 3113, 3123, 3133, 3143, 4113, 4123, 4133, 4143, 5113, 5123, 5133, 5143, 6113, 6123, 6133, 6143, 7113, 7123, 7133, 7143, 8113, 8123, 8133, 8143: ring feed-in point
d1112, d2112, d2123, d2134, d3112, d3123, d3134, d4112, d4123, d4134, d5112, d5123, d5134, d6112, d6123, d6134, d7112, d7123, d7134, d8112, d8123, d 8134: first interval
12. 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 82: second antenna array
121. 122, 221, 222, 223, 224, 321, 322, 323, 324, 421, 422, 423, 424, 521, 522, 523, 524, 621, 622, 623, 624, 721, 722, 723, 724, 821, 822, 823, 824: parallel slot antenna
1211. 1221, 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241, 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241, 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241, 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241, 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241, 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241: first slot
1212. 1222, 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242, 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242, 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242, 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242, 6212, 6222, 6232, 6242, 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242, 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242: second slot
1213. 1223, 2213, 2223, 2233, 2243, 3213, 3223, 3233, 3243, 4213, 4223, 4233, 4243, 5213, 5223, 5233, 5243, 6213, 6223, 6233, 6243, 7213, 7223, 7233, 7243, 8213, 8223, 8233, 8243: signal coupling line
1214. 1224, 2214, 2224, 2234, 2244, 3214, 3224, 3234, 3244, 4214, 4224, 4234, 4244, 5214, 5224, 5234, 5244, 6214, 6224, 6234, 6244, 7214, 7224, 7234, 7244, 8214, 8224, 8234, 8244: slot feed point
d1212, d2212, d2223, d2234, d3212, d3223, d3234, d4212, d4223, d4234, d5212, d5223, d5234, d6212, d6223, d6234, d7212, d7223, d7234, d8212, d8223, d 8234: second pitch
d131, d132, d231, d232, d233, d234, d331, d332, d333, d334, d431, d432, d433, d434, d531, d532, d533, d534, d631, d632, d633, d634, d731, d732, d733, d734, d831, d832, d833, d 834: third distance
1114. 1124, 2114, 2124, 2134, 2144, 3114, 3124, 3134, 3144, 4114, 4124, 4134, 4144, 5114, 5124, 5134, 5144, 6114, 6124, 6134, 6144, 7114, 7124, 7134, 7144, 8114, 8124, 8134, 8144: first antenna array transmission line
1215. 1225, 2215, 2225, 2235, 2245, 3215, 3225, 3235, 3245, 4215, 4225, 4235, 4245, 5215, 5225, 5235, 5245, 6215, 6225, 6235, 6245, 7215, 7225, 7235, 7245, 8215, 8225, 8235, 8245: second antenna array transmission line
141. 241, 341, 441, 741, 841: first beam forming circuit
142. 242, 342, 442, 742, 842: second beam forming circuit
543. 643: third beam forming circuit
2151. 6151, 8151; first resonance mode
2251. 6251, 8251; second resonance mode
2152. 6152, 8152; first communication frequency band
2252. 6252, 8252; second communication frequency band
2153. 6153, 8153: return loss curve for first antenna array
2253. 6253, 8253: return loss curve of second antenna array
25. 65, 85; isolation curve of first antenna array and second antenna array
261. 661, 861: first antenna array multi-beam 2D field pattern change curve
262. 662 and 862: multi-beam 2D field pattern curve of second antenna array
31111. 31211, 31311, 31411: conductor via
371. 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383: ground conductor via
881. 882, 883, 884, 885: third slot
Detailed Description
The present invention provides an exemplary embodiment of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate, a first antenna array and a second antenna array. The multilayer dielectric substrate has a ground conductor structure, and the ground conductor structure has a first edge. The first antenna array includes a plurality of folded loop antennas. The plurality of folded loop antennas are integrated on the multilayer dielectric substrate and arranged along the first edge in an extending mode. Wherein each of the folded loop antennas has a meandering metal resonant path. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths has a loop short-circuit point and a loop feed-in point, each of the loop short-circuit points is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure, and a first distance is formed between each of the loop feed-in points. The first antenna array is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least one first communication frequency band. The second antenna array includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas. The plurality of parallel slot antennas are integrated on the multilayer dielectric substrate and are arranged along the first edge in an extending mode. Each of the parallel slot antennas has a first slot and a second slot, and a signal coupling line crossing the first slot and the second slot. The plurality of first slots and the plurality of second slots are all positioned on the grounding conductor structure. The signal coupling lines are respectively provided with a slot feeding point, and a second distance is formed between every two adjacent slot feeding points. The second antenna array is excited to generate a second resonance mode, the second resonance mode covers at least one second communication frequency band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode.
In order to successfully achieve the technical effects of miniaturization, high integration and multi-band operation, the invention provides the hybrid multi-band antenna array, which is characterized in that the first antenna array is designed to excite and generate a first resonance mode, and the first resonance mode covers at least one first communication frequency band. And the second antenna array is excited to generate a second resonance mode, the second resonance mode covers at least one second communication frequency band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is less than that of the first resonance mode. The present invention provides the hybrid multi-band antenna array structure, and by designing the distance of the first distance between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, and designing the distance of the second distance between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array and the second antenna array can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array has a third distance between the center of the first slot and the center of the second slot of the parallel slot antenna. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array structure provided by the invention can effectively reduce near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array and the second antenna array by designing the third interval between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication frequency band and designing the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths from the loop feed point to the loop short-circuit point to be between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication frequency band. Therefore, the destructive interference of multi-beam pattern change between the first antenna array and the second antenna array can be successfully reduced, and the technical effects of miniaturization, high integration degree and multi-band operation are achieved.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 1 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 10, a first antenna array 11 and a second antenna array 12. The multi-layered dielectric substrate 10 has a ground conductor structure 101, and the ground conductor structure 101 has a first edge 102. The first antenna array 11 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 111, 112. The plurality of folded loop antennas 111 and 112 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 10 and extend along the first edge 102. The folded loop antennas 111 and 112 each have a meandering metal resonant path 1111 and 1121. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 1111, 1121 has a loop short-circuit point 1112, 1122 and a loop feed-in point 1113, 1123, each of the loop short-circuit points 1112, 1122 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 101, and each of the loop feed-in points 1113, 1123 has a first distance d1112 therebetween. The first antenna array 11 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. The second antenna array 12 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 121, 122. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 121 and 122 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 10 and arranged along the first edge 102. Each of the parallel slot antennas 121 and 122 has a first slot 1211 and 1221 and a second slot 1212 and 1222, and a signal coupling line 1213 and 1223 crosses the first slot 1211 and 1221 and the second slot 1212 and 1222. The plurality of first slots 1211 and 1221 and the plurality of second slots 1212 and 1222 are all located on the ground conductor structure 101. The plurality of signal coupling lines 1213, 1223 each have a slot feeding point 1214, 1224, and each of the slot feeding points 1214, 1224 has a second spacing d 1212. The second antenna array 12 is excited to generate a second resonance mode, which covers at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode. The ground conductor structure 101 is a ground conductor plane. The first distance d1112 is between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The second distance d1212 is between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. And a third distance d131, d132 is respectively set between the opening center point of the first slot 1211, 1221 and the opening center point of the second slot 1212, 1222 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 121, 122, and the third distance d131, d132 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The path lengths of the meandering metal resonant paths 1111, 1121 from the loop feed points 1113, 1123 to the loop short points 1112, 1122 are between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The path widths of the meandering metal resonance paths 1111 and 1121 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The lengths of the first plurality of slots 1211 and 1221 and the second plurality of slots 1212 and 1222 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The slot widths of the first slots 1211 and 1221 and the second slots 1212 and 1222 are less than or equal to 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band.
The loop feed points 1113, 1123 are electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit 141 via transmission lines 1114, 1124, respectively, and the slot feed points 1214, 1224 are electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit 142 via transmission lines 1215, 1225, respectively. The transmission lines 1114, 1124 and the transmission lines 1215, 1225 can be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, or combinations and modifications of the various transmission lines. The first beam forming circuit 141 excites the first antenna array 11 to generate the first resonant mode, and the first beam forming circuit 141 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 11 generates different beam pattern variations. The second beam forming circuit 142 excites the second antenna array 12 to generate the second resonance mode, and the second beam forming circuit 142 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the second antenna array 12 generates different beam pattern variations. The first beam forming circuit 141 and the second beam forming circuit 142 can be a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In order to achieve the technical effects of miniaturization, high integration and multi-band operation, the present invention provides the hybrid multi-band antenna array 1, which is excited by designing the first antenna array 11 to generate a first resonant mode covering at least one first communication band. And the second antenna array 12 is excited to generate a second resonance mode, the second resonance mode covers at least a second communication frequency band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode. In the hybrid multi-band antenna array 1 of the present invention, by designing the distances of the first spacing d1112 to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, and designing the distance of the second spacing d1212 to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference between the first antenna array 11 and the second antenna array 12 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 1 has a third distance d131, d132 between the center of the first slot opening 1211, 1221 and the center of the second slot opening 1212, 1222 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 121, 122, respectively. The present invention provides the hybrid multi-band antenna array 1, and by designing the third distances d131 and d132 between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band, and designing the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 1111 and 1121 from the loop feed points 1113 and 1123 to the loop short points 1112 and 1122 to be between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference between the first antenna array 11 and the second antenna array 12 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the destructive interference of the multi-beam pattern change between the first antenna array 11 and the second antenna array 12 can be successfully reduced, and the technical effects of miniaturization, high integration and multi-band operation can be achieved. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 1 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets in a communication device, which can be a mobile communication device, a wireless communication device, a mobile computing device, a computer system, a telecommunication device, a base station device, a network device, or a computer or a peripheral device of a network.
Fig. 2A is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2B is a return loss and isolation curve of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 20, a first antenna array 21 and a second antenna array 22. The multi-layered dielectric substrate 20 has a ground conductor structure 201, and the ground conductor structure 201 has a first edge 202. The first antenna array 21 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 211, 212, 213, 214. The plurality of folded loop antennas 211, 212, 213, 214 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 20 and extend along the first edge 202. Each of the folded loop antennas 211, 212, 213, and 214 has a meandering metal resonant path 2111, 2121, 2131, and 2141. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 2111, 2121, 2131 and 2141 has a loop short- circuit point 2112, 2122, 2132 and 2142 and a loop feed-in point 2113, 2123, 2133 and 2143, each loop short- circuit point 2112, 2122, 2132 and 2142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 201, and each of the loop feed-in points 2113, 2123, 2133 and 2143 has a first distance d2112, d2123 and d2134 therebetween. The first antenna array 21 is excited to generate a first resonant mode 2151, and the first resonant mode 2151 covers at least a first communication band 2152 (as shown in fig. 2B). The second antenna array 22 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 221, 222, 223, 224. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 221, 222, 223, 224 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 20 and extend along the first edge 202. Each of the parallel slot antennas 221, 222, 223, 224 has a first slot 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and a second slot 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242, and a signal coupling line 2213, 2223, 2233, 2243 crosses the first slot 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slot 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242. The plurality of first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the plurality of second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 are located on the ground conductor structure 201. The plurality of signal coupling lines 2213, 2223, 2233, 2243 each have a slot feeding point 2214, 2224, 2234, 2244, and a second distance d2212, d2223, d2234 is between each adjacent slot feeding point 2214, 2224, 2234, 2244. The second antenna array 22 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 2251, the second resonance mode 2251 covers at least a second communication band 2252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 2251 is less than the frequency of the first resonance mode 2151 (as shown in fig. 2B). The ground conductor structure 201 is a ground conductor plane. The first distances d2112, d2123 and d2134 are all between 0.23 and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 2152. The second distances d2212, d2223 and d2234 are all between 0.23 and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252. And a third distance d231, d232, d233, and d234 is respectively set between the opening center point position of the first slot 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the opening center point position of the second slot 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 221, 222, 223, 224, and the third distance d231, d232, d233, and d234 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252. The path lengths of the serpentine metal resonant paths 2111, 2121, 2131, 2141 from the loop feed point 2113, 2123, 2133, 2143 to the loop short- circuit point 2112, 2122, 2132, 2142 are between 0.5 and 2.0 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 2152. The path widths of the plurality of meandering metal resonant paths 2111, 2121, 2131, 2141 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 2152. The slot lengths of the first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252. The slot widths of the first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 are all less than 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252.
The loop feed points 2113, 2123, 2133, 2143 are each electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit 241 by first antenna array transmission lines 2114, 2124, 2134, 2144, and the slot feed points 2214, 2224, 2234, 2244 are each electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit 242 by second antenna array transmission lines 2215, 2225, 2235, 2245. The first antenna array transmission lines 2114, 2124, 2134, 2144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 2215, 2225, 2235, 2245 may be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures or combinations and modified architectures of different transmission lines. The first beam forming circuit 241 excites the first antenna array 21 to generate the first resonant mode 2151, and the first beam forming circuit 241 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 21 generates different beam pattern variations (as shown in fig. 2C). The second beam forming circuit 242 excites the second antenna array 22 to generate the second resonance mode 2251, and the second beam forming circuit 242 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the second antenna array 22 generates different beam pattern variations (as shown in fig. 2D). The first beam forming circuit 241 and the second beam forming circuit 242 may be a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up/down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In order to achieve the technical effects of miniaturization, high integration and multi-band operation, the present invention provides the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, wherein the first antenna array 21 is designed to excite and generate a first resonance mode 2151, and the first resonance mode 2151 covers at least one first communication band 2152. And the second antenna array 22 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 2251, wherein the second resonance mode 2251 covers at least a second communication band 2252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 2251 is smaller than the frequency of the first resonance mode 2151 (as shown in fig. 2B). The present invention proposes the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, and the distances of the first distances d2112, d2123 and d2134 are designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 2152, respectively, and the distances of the second distances d2212, d2223 and d2234 are designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252, respectively. Therefore, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 21 and the second antenna array 22 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 has a third distance d231, d232, d233, d234 between the position of the center of the first slot 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 221, 222, 223, 224 and the position of the center of the second slot 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242. The present invention provides the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, wherein the third distances d231, d232, d233, d234 are respectively between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252, and the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 2111, 2121, 2131, 2141 from the loop feeding points 2113, 2123, 2133, 2143 to the loop short- circuit points 2112, 2122, 2132, 2142 are respectively between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 2152. Therefore, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 21 and the second antenna array 22 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the destructive interference of the multi-beam pattern change between the first antenna array 21 and the second antenna array 22 can be successfully reduced, and the technical effects of miniaturization, high integration and multi-band operation can be achieved.
Fig. 2B is a return loss and isolation curve of the multi-frequency multi-antenna array 2 according to the embodiment of the invention. The return loss curve of the first antenna array 21 is 2153, the return loss curve of the second antenna array 22 is 2253, and the isolation curve between the first antenna array 21 and the second antenna array 22 is 25. The following dimensions were chosen for the experiments: the first edge 202 of the ground conductor plane 201 is about 60mm in length; the path length of the meandering metal resonance path 2111 from the loop feed point 2113 to the loop short point 2112 is about 13.2mm, the path length of the meandering metal resonance path 2121 from the loop feed point 2123 to the loop short point 2122 is about 13.5mm, the path length of the meandering metal resonance path 2131 from the loop feed point 2133 to the loop short point 2132 is about 13.5mm, and the path length of the meandering metal resonance path 2141 from the loop feed point 2143 to the loop short point 2142 is about 13.2 mm; the first distance d2112 is about 4mm, the first distance d2123 is about 4.3mm, and the first distance d2134 is about 4 mm; the distance of the second distance d2212 is about 5.1mm, the distance of the second distance d2223 is about 5.3mm, and the distance of the second distance d2234 is about 5.1 mm; the third distance d231 is about 4.25mm, the third distance d232 is about 4mm, the third distance d233 is about 4mm, and the third distance d234 is about 4.25 mm; the multi-layer dielectric substrate 20 is a double-layer dielectric substrate with a total thickness of about 0.6mm and a dielectric constant of about 3.5. As shown in fig. 2B, the first antenna array 21 is excited to generate a first resonant mode 2151, and the first resonant mode 2151 covers at least a first communication band 2152. As shown in fig. 2B, the second antenna array 22 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 2251, the second resonance mode 2251 covers at least a second communication band 2252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 2251 is lower than that of the first resonance mode 2151. In this embodiment, the first resonance mode 2151 covers at least one first communication band 2152(38.5 GHz-40 GHz), the second resonance mode 2251 covers at least one second communication band 2252(27.5 GHz-28.5 GHz), and the frequency of the second resonance mode 2251 is smaller than that of the first resonance mode 2151. The lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 2152 is about 38.5GHz, and the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 2252 is about 27.5 GHz. As shown in fig. 2B, the isolation curves 25 of the first antenna array 21 and the second antenna array 22 are all higher than 15dB in the first communication band 2152 and higher than 10dB in the second communication band 2252, which proves that good isolation performance can be achieved.
Fig. 2C is a multi-beam scanning 2D pattern diagram of the first antenna array 21 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 in the first communication band according to the embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2D is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the second antenna array 22 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 in the second communication band according to an embodiment of the invention. From the multi-beam 2D pattern variation curve 261 of the first antenna array 21 in fig. 2C and the multi-beam 2D pattern variation curve 262 of the second antenna array 22 in fig. 2D, it can be clearly seen that the far-field main radiation beams of the first antenna array 21 and the second antenna array 22 in different communication bands can successfully coexist and operate without mutual destructive cancellation, thereby verifying that multi-band wireless communication transmission can be achieved.
The frequency band operation, experimental data, the number of dielectric substrates, and the number of ground conductor planes of the communication system covered by fig. 2B, fig. 2C, and fig. 2D are only for experimental results to prove the technical efficacy of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 in fig. 2A according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the operation, application and specification of the communication band covered by the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 in practical applications. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets in a communication device, such as a mobile communication device, a wireless communication device, a mobile computing device, a computer system, a telecommunication device, a base station device, a network device, or a computer or a peripheral device of a network.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 3 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 30, a first antenna array 31 and a second antenna array 32. The multi-layered dielectric substrate 30 has a ground conductor structure 301, and the ground conductor structure 301 has a first edge 302. The ground conductor structure 301 is a multi-layer ground conductor plane, and a plurality of ground conductor vias 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383 are electrically connected to each other between the multi-layer ground conductor plane. The first antenna array 31 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 311, 312, 313, 314. The plurality of folded loop antennas 311, 312, 313, 314 are integrated on the multi-layered dielectric substrate 30 and extend along the first edge 302. Each of the folded loop antennas 311, 312, 313, and 314 has a meandering metal resonant path 3111, 3121, 3131, and 3141. Each of the meandering metal resonance paths 3111, 3121, 3131 and 3141 has a partial metal resonance path realized by a conductor through hole 31111, 31211, 31311 and 31411. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 3111, 3121, 3131, 3141 has a loop short- circuit point 3112, 3122, 3132, 3142 and a loop feed-in point 3113, 3123, 3133, 3143, each of the loop short- circuit points 3112, 3122, 3132, 3142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 301, and each of the adjacent loop feed-in points 3113, 3123, 3133, 3143 has a first distance d3112, d3123, d3134 therebetween. The first antenna array 31 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. The second antenna array 32 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 321, 322, 323, 324. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 321, 322, 323, 324 are integrated on the multi-layered dielectric substrate 30 and extend along the first edge 302. Each of the parallel slot antennas 321, 322, 323, and 324 has a first slot 3211, 3221, 3231, and 3241 and a second slot 3212, 3222, 3232, and 3242, and a signal coupling line 3213, 3223, 3233, and 3243 respectively crossing the first slot 3211, 3221, 3231, and 3241 and the second slot 3212, 3222, 3232, and 3242. The plurality of first slots 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241 and the plurality of second slots 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242 are all located on the ground conductor structure 301. Each of the plurality of signal coupling lines 3213, 3223, 3233, and 3243 has a slot feeding point 3214, 3224, 3234, and 3244, and each of the slot feeding points 3214, 3224, 3234, and 3244 has a second distance d3212, d3223, and d 3234. The second antenna array 32 is excited to generate a second resonance mode, which covers at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode. The distances of the first distances d3112, d3123 and d3134 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The distances of the second distances d3212, d3223 and d3234 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. And a third distance d331, d332, d333, d334 is respectively arranged between the opening center point of the first slot 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241 and the opening center point of the second slot 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 321, 322, 323, 324. The third distances d331, d332, d333, and d334 are all between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The path lengths of the plurality of serpentine metal resonant paths 3111, 3121, 3131, 3141 from the loop feed point 3113, 3123, 3133, 3143 to the loop short point 3112, 3122, 3132, 3142 are between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communications band. The path widths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 3111, 3121, 3131, 3141 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The lengths of the first slots 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241 and the second slots 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242 from the open ends to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The slot widths of the first slots 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241 and the second slots 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242 are all less than or equal to 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The loop feed points 3113, 3123, 3133, 3143 are each electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit 341 by different first antenna array transmission lines 3114, 3124, 3134, 3144, and the slot feed points 3214, 3224, 3234, 3244 are each electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit 342 by different second antenna array transmission lines 3215, 3225, 3235, 3245. The first antenna array transmission lines 3114, 3124, 3134, 3144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 3215, 3225, 3235, 3245 may be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures or combinations and modifications of the different transmission lines. The first beam forming circuit 341 excites the first antenna array 31 to generate the first resonant mode, and the first beam forming circuit 341 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 31 generates different beam pattern variations. The second beam forming circuit 342 excites the second antenna array 32 to generate the second resonance mode, and the second beam forming circuit 342 can generate different phase change signals, so that the second antenna array 32 generates different beam pattern changes. The first beam forming circuit 341 and the second beam forming circuit 342 can be a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up/down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
Fig. 3 shows the hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 according to an embodiment of the invention, although the ground conductor structure 301 is a multi-layer ground conductor plane, which is not identical to the ground conductor structure 201 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2. In addition, each of the meandering metal resonance paths 3111, 3121, 3131, 3141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 3 has a partial metal resonance path realized by a conductor via 31111, 31211, 31311, 31411, which is not identical to each of the meandering metal resonance paths 2111, 2121, 2131, 2141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. The first slots 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241 and the second slots 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 3 are slightly different from the first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 in shape. However, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 is also designed such that the first antenna array 31 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. And the second antenna array 32 is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is less than that of the first resonance mode. The distances of the first distances d3112, d3123, d3134 are respectively between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, and the distances of the second distances d3212, d3223, d3234 are respectively between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. Therefore, far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 31 and the second antenna array 32 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 has a third distance d331, d332, d333, d334 between the opening center of the first slot 3211, 3221, 3231, 3241 and the opening center of the second slot 3212, 3222, 3232, 3242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 321, 322, 323, 324. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 is also designed such that the third distances d331, d332, d333, d334 are between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band, and the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 3111, 3121, 3131, 3141 from the loop feed points 3113, 3123, 3133, 3143 to the loop short points 3112, 3122, 3132, 3142 are between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. Therefore, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 31 and the second antenna array 32 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 can achieve the same characteristics as the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, and can successfully reduce destructive interference of multi-beam pattern changes between the first antenna array 31 and the second antenna array 32, thereby achieving technical effects of miniaturization, high integration degree and multi-band operation. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 3 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets of communication devices, such as mobile communication devices, wireless communication devices, mobile computing devices, computer systems, telecommunication equipment, base station equipment, network equipment, or peripheral equipment of computers or networks.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 4 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 40, a first antenna array 41 and a second antenna array 42. The multi-layered dielectric substrate 40 has a ground conductor structure 401, and the ground conductor structure 401 has a first edge 402. The ground conductor structure 401 is a ground conductor plane. The first antenna array 41 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 411, 412, 413, 414. The plurality of folded loop antennas 411, 412, 413, 414 are integrated into the multi-layered dielectric substrate 40 and extend along the first edge 402. Each of the folded loop antennas 411, 412, 413, 414 has a meandering metal resonant path 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141 has a ring shorting point 4112, 4122, 4132, 4142 and a ring feed point 4113, 4123, 4133, 4143, each of the ring shorting points 4112, 4122, 4132, 4142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 401, and each of the ring feed points 4113, 4123, 4133, 4143 has a first distance d4112, d4123, d4134 therebetween. The first antenna array 41 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. The second antenna array 42 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 421, 422, 423, 424. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 421, 422, 423, 424 are integrated into the multi-layered dielectric substrate 40 and extend along the first edge 402. Each of the parallel slot antennas 421, 422, 423, 424 has a first slot 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 and a second slot 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242, and a signal coupling line 4213, 4223, 4233, 4243 respectively crossing the first slot 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 and the second slot 4212, 4222, 4232, 42242. The plurality of first slots 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 and the plurality of second slots 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242 are located on the ground conductor structure 401. The plurality of signal coupling lines 4213, 4223, 4233 and 4243 each have a slot feed point 4214, 4224, 4234 and 4244, and a second distance d4212, d4223 and d4234 is provided between each two adjacent slot feed points 4214, 4224, 4234 and 4244. The second antenna array 42 is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode. The distances of the first distances d4112, d4123, and d4134 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The distances of the second distances d4212, d4223 and d4234 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication frequency band. And a third distance d431, d432, d433, d434 is respectively arranged between the opening center point position of the first slot 4211, 4221, 4231, 2241 and the opening center point position of the second slot 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 421, 422, 423, 424, and the third distance d431, d432, d433, d234 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The path lengths of the plurality of serpentine metal resonant paths 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141 from the ring feed points 4113, 4123, 4133, 4143 to the ring short points 4112, 4122, 4132, 4142 are between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The path widths of the meandering metal resonance paths 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The lengths of the first slots 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 and the second slots 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The slot widths of the first slots 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 and the second slots 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242 are all less than or equal to 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The ring feed points 4113, 4123, 4133, 4143 are each electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit 441 by first antenna array transmission lines 4114, 4124, 4134, 4144, and the slot feed points 4214, 4224, 4234, 4244 are each electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit 442 by second antenna array transmission lines 4215, 4225, 4235, 4245. The first antenna array transmission lines 4114, 4124, 4134, 4144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 4215, 4225, 4235, 4245 may be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures or combinations and modifications of the different transmission lines. The first beam forming circuit 441 excites the first antenna array 41 to generate the first resonant mode, and the first beam forming circuit 441 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 41 generates different beam pattern variations. The second beam forming circuit 442 excites the second antenna array 42 to generate the second resonance mode, and the second beam forming circuit 442 can generate different phase change signals, so that the second antenna array 42 generates different beam pattern changes. The first beam forming circuit 441 and the second beam forming circuit 442 can be a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In fig. 4, although each of the meandering metal resonance paths 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 4 has a curved path shape, the shape of the meandering metal resonance paths is not exactly the same as the shape of the meandering metal resonance paths 2111, 2121, 2131, 2141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. The shapes of the first slots 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 and the second slots 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 4 are slightly different from the shapes of the first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. And the shapes of the plurality of signal coupling lines 4213, 4223, 4233, 4243 and the plurality of signal coupling lines 2213, 2223, 2233, 2243 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 are not exactly the same. However, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 is also designed such that the first antenna array 41 generates a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. And the second antenna array 42 generates a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is less than that of the first resonance mode. In addition, the distances of the first distances d4112, d4123, and d4134 are also designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, and the distances of the second distances d4212, d4223, and d4234 are also designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. Therefore, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 41 and the second antenna array 42 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 has a third distance d431, d432, d433, d434 between the center point of the first slot opening 4211, 4221, 4231, 4241 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 421, 422, 423, 424 and the center point of the opening of the second slot opening 4212, 4222, 4232, 4242, respectively. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 is also designed such that the third distances d431, d432, d433, d434 are respectively between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band, and the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 4111, 4121, 4131, 4141 are respectively between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band from the ring feed points 4113, 4123, 4133, 4143 to the ring short points 4112, 4122, 4132, 4142. Therefore, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 41 and the second antenna array 42 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 can achieve the same characteristics as the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, successfully reduce destructive interference of multi-beam pattern changes between the first antenna array 41 and the second antenna array 42, and achieve technical effects of miniaturization, high integration, and multi-band operation. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets of communication devices, such as mobile communication devices, wireless communication devices, mobile computing devices, computer systems, telecommunication equipment, base station equipment, network equipment, or peripheral equipment of computers or networks.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 5 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 50, a first antenna array 51 and a second antenna array 52. The multi-layered dielectric substrate 50 has a ground conductor structure 501, and the ground conductor structure 501 has a first edge 502. The ground conductor structure 501 is a ground conductor plane. The first antenna array 51 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 511, 512, 513, 514. The plurality of folded loop antennas 511, 512, 513, 514 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 50 and extend along the first edge 502. Each of the folded loop antennas 511, 512, 513, 514 has a meandering metal resonant path 5111, 5121, 5131, 5141. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 5111, 5121, 5131, 5141 has a loop short- circuit point 5112, 5122, 5132, 5142 and a loop feed-in point 5113, 5123, 5133, 5143, each of the loop short- circuit points 5112, 5122, 5132, 5142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 501, and each of the loop feed-in points 5113, 5123, 5133, 5143 has a first distance d5112, d5123, d5134 therebetween. The first antenna array 51 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. The second antenna array 52 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 521, 522, 523, 524. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 521, 522, 523, 524 are integrated on the multi-layered dielectric substrate 50 and extend along the first edge 502. Each of the parallel slot antennas 521, 522, 523, 524 has a first slot 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and a second slot 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242, and a signal coupling line 5213, 5223, 5233, 5243 respectively crossing the first slot 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and the second slot 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242. The plurality of first slots 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and the plurality of second slots 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242 are all located on the ground conductor structure 501. The plurality of signal coupling lines 5213, 5223, 5233, 5243 each have a slot feeding point 5214, 5224, 5234, 5244, and a second distance d5212, d5223, d5234 is between adjacent slot feeding points 5214, 5224, 5234, 5244. The second antenna array 52 is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode. The ground conductor structure 501 is a ground conductor plane. The distances of the first distances d5112, d5123 and d5134 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The second distances d5212, d5223 and d5234 are all from 0.23 wavelength to 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. And a third distance d531, d532, d533, d534 is respectively set between the opening center point position of the first slot 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and the opening center point position of the second slot 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 521, 522, 523, 524, and the third distance d531, d532, d533, d534 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The path lengths of the meandering metal resonant paths 5111, 5121, 5131, 5141 from the loop feed-in points 5113, 5123, 5133, 5143 to the loop short- circuit points 5112, 5122, 5132, 5142 are all between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The path widths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 5111, 5121, 5131, 5141 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The lengths of the first slots 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and the second slots 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 5252. The slot widths of the first slots 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and the second slots 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242 are all less than 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band.
As shown in fig. 5, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 has the loop feed points 5113, 5123, 5133, 5143 and the slot feed points 5214, 5224, 5234, 5244 electrically coupled to a third beamforming circuit 543 via first antenna array transmission lines 5114, 5124, 5134, 5144 and second antenna array transmission lines 5215, 5225, 5235, 5245, respectively. The first antenna array transmission lines 5114, 5124, 5134, 5144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 5215, 5225, 5235, 5245 may be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures or combinations and modifications of the various transmission lines. The third beam forming circuit 543 is capable of multi-band operation, and respectively excites the first antenna array 51 to generate the first resonant mode, and the third beam forming circuit 543 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 51 generates different beam pattern variations. The third beam forming circuit 543 can also excite the second antenna array 52 to generate the second resonance mode, and the third beam forming circuit 543 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the second antenna array 52 generates different beam pattern variations. The third beamforming circuit 543 may be a multi-frequency power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In fig. 5, although the meandering metal resonance paths 5111, 5121, 5131, and 5141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention have a partially curved path shape, they are not exactly the same as the meandering metal resonance paths 2111, 2121, 2131, and 2141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. The shapes of the first slots 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 and the second slots 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 5 are slightly different from the shapes of the first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. And the third beamforming circuit 543 operating in multiple bands is used to replace the first beamforming circuit 241 and the second beamforming circuit 242 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2. However, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 is also designed such that the first antenna array 51 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. And the second antenna array 52 is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is less than that of the first resonance mode. The distances of the first distances d5112, d5123, and d5134 are respectively designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, and the distances of the second distances d5212, d5223, and d5234 are respectively designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. Therefore, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 51 and the second antenna array 52 can also be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 has a third distance d531, d532, d533, d534 between the center of the opening of the first slot 5211, 5221, 5231, 5241 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 521, 522, 523, 524 and the center of the opening of the second slot 5212, 5222, 5232, 5242, respectively. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 is also designed such that the third distances d531, d532, d533, d534 are respectively between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band, and the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 5111, 5121, 5131, 5141 from the loop feed points 5113, 5123, 5133, 5143 to the loop short- circuit points 5112, 5122, 5132, 5142 are respectively between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. Therefore, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 51 and the second antenna array 52 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 can achieve the same characteristics as the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, successfully reduce destructive interference of multi-beam pattern changes between the first antenna array 51 and the second antenna array 52, and achieve technical effects of miniaturization, high integration, and multi-band operation. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 5 of the present invention can also be implemented in a single or multiple sets in a communication device, such as a mobile communication device, a wireless communication device, a mobile computing device, a computer system, a telecommunication device, a base station device, a network device, or a computer or a peripheral device of a network.
Fig. 6A is a structural diagram of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6B is a return loss and isolation curve of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6A and 6B, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 60, a first antenna array 61 and a second antenna array 62. The multi-layer dielectric substrate 60 has a ground conductor structure 601, and the ground conductor structure 601 has a first edge 602. The ground conductor structure 601 is a ground conductor plane. The first antenna array 61 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 611, 612, 613, 614. The plurality of folded loop antennas 611, 612, 613, 614 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 60 and extend along the first edge 602. Each of the folded loop antennas 611, 612, 613, and 614 has a meandering metal resonant path 6111, 6121, 6131, and 6141. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 6111, 6121, 6131, 6141 has a loop short- circuit point 6112, 6122, 6132, 6142 and a loop feed-in point 6113, 6123, 6133, 6143, each of the loop short- circuit points 6112, 6122, 6132, 6142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 601, and each of the adjacent loop feed-in points 6113, 6123, 6133, 6143 has a first distance d6112, d6123, d 6134. The first antenna array 61 is excited to generate a first resonant mode 6151, and the first resonant mode 6151 covers at least one first communication band 6152 (as shown in fig. 6B). The second antenna array 62 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 621, 622, 623, 624. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 621, 622, 623, 624 are integrated into the multi-layered dielectric substrate 60 and extend along the first edge 602. Each of the parallel slot antennas 621, 622, 623, 624 has a first slot 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and a second slot 6212, 6262, 6232, 6242, and a signal coupling line 6213, 6223, 6233, 6243 respectively crossing the first slot 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and the second slot 6212, 6262, 6232, 6242. The plurality of first slots 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and the plurality of second slots 6212, 6262, 6232, 6242 are all located on the ground conductor structure 601. Each of the plurality of signal coupling lines 6213, 6223, 6233, 6243 has a slot feeding point 6214, 6224, 6234, 6244, and each of the slot feeding points 6214, 6224, 6234, 6244 has a second distance d6212, d6223, d 6234. The second antenna array 62 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 6251, the second resonance mode 6251 covers at least a second communication band 6252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 6251 is smaller than the frequency of the first resonance mode 6151 (as shown in fig. 6B). The ground conductor structure 601 is a ground conductor plane. The distances of the first distances d6112, d6123, and d6134 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 6152. The distances of the second distances d6212, d6223 and d6234 are all between 0.23 and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252. And a third distance d631, d632, d633, d634 is respectively arranged between the opening center point position of the first slot 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and the opening center point position of the second slot 6212, 6262, 6232, 6242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 621, 622, 623, 624, and the third distance d631, d632, d633, d634 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252. The path lengths of the multiple meandering metal resonance paths 6111, 6161, 6131, 6141 from the loop feed points 6113, 6123, 6133, 6143 to the loop short- circuit points 6112, 6122, 6132, 6142 are all between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 6152. The path widths of the multiple meandering metal resonance paths 6111, 6121, 6131, 6141 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 6152. The lengths of the first slots 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and the second slots 6212, 6222, 6232, 6242 from the open ends to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252. The slot widths of the first slots 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and the second slots 6212, 6222, 6232, 6242 are all less than 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252. As shown in fig. 6A, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 has the loop feed points 6113, 6123, 6133, 6143 and the slot feed points 6214, 6224, 6234, 6244 electrically coupled to a third beamforming circuit 643 respectively through the first antenna array transmission lines 6114, 6124, 6134, 6144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 6215, 6225, 6235, 6245. The first antenna array transmission lines 6114, 6124, 6134, 6144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 6215, 6225, 6235, 6245 may be microstrip transmission line structures, sandwich strip line structures, coaxial transmission line structures, coplanar waveguide transmission line structures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line structures or combinations and modified structures of different transmission lines. The third beam forming circuit 643 is operable in multiple frequency bands to excite the first antenna array 61 to generate the first resonant mode, and the third beam forming circuit 643 can generate different phase variation signals to cause the first antenna array 61 to generate different beam pattern variations. The third beamforming circuit 643 can also excite the second antenna array 62 to generate the second resonance mode, and the third beamforming circuit 643 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the second antenna array 62 generates different beam pattern variations. The third beamforming circuit 643 may be a multi-frequency power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In fig. 6A, although the meandering metal resonance paths 6111, 6121, 6131, and 6141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 have a curved path shape, the shape of the meandering metal resonance paths is not exactly the same as the shape of the meandering metal resonance paths 2111, 2121, 2131, and 2141 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. The shapes of the first slots 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 and the second slots 6212, 6222, 6232, 6242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 are slightly different from the shapes of the first slots 2211, 2221, 2231, 2241 and the second slots 2212, 2222, 2232, 2242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. And the third beamforming circuit 643 operating in multiple frequency bands is used to replace the first beamforming circuit 241 and the second beamforming circuit 242 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2. However, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 is also designed such that the first antenna array 61 is excited to generate a first resonance mode 6151, and the first resonance mode 6151 covers at least a first communication band 6152 (as shown in fig. 6B). And the second antenna array 62 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 6251, the second resonance mode 6251 covers at least a second communication band 6252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 6251 is smaller than the frequency of the first resonance mode 6151 (as shown in fig. 6B). In addition, the distances of the first distances d6112, d6123, and d6134 are also designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 6152, and the distances of the second distances d6212, d6223, and d6234 are also designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252. Therefore, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 61 and the second antenna array 62 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2 has a third distance d631, d632, d633, d234 between the center point of the first slot opening 6211, 6221, 6231, 6241 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 621, 622, 623, 624 and the center point of the opening of the second slot opening 6212, 6222, 6232, 6242, respectively. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 is also designed such that the third distances d631, d632, d633, d634 are respectively between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252, and the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 6111, 6161, 6131, 6141 are respectively between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 6152 from the loop feed points 6113, 6123, 6133, 6143 to the loop short points 6112, 6122, 6132, 6142. Therefore, near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 61 and the second antenna array 62 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 can achieve the same characteristics as the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, successfully reduce destructive interference of multi-beam pattern changes between the first antenna array 61 and the second antenna array 62, and achieve technical effects of miniaturization, high integration, and multi-band operation.
Fig. 6B is a return loss and isolation curve of the multi-frequency multi-antenna array 6 according to the embodiment of the invention. The return loss curve of the first antenna array 61 is 6153, the return loss curve of the second antenna array 62 is 6253, and the isolation curve of the first antenna array 61 and the second antenna array 62 is 65. The following dimensions were chosen for the experiments: the first edge 602 of the ground conductor plane 601 is about 35mm in length; the path length of the serpentine metal resonance path 6111 from the loop feed point 6113 to the loop short point 6112 is about 13mm, the path length of the serpentine metal resonance path 6121 from the loop feed point 6123 to the loop short point 6122 is about 12.8mm, the path length of the serpentine metal resonance path 6131 from the loop feed point 6133 to the loop short point 6132 is about 13.2mm, and the path length of the serpentine metal resonance path 6141 from the loop feed point 6143 to the loop short point 6142 is about 13.1 mm; the distance of the first distance d6112 is about 4.2mm, the distance of the first distance d6123 is about 4.1mm, and the distance of the first distance d6134 is about 3.9 mm; the second distance d6212 being about 4.9mm, the second distance d6223 being about 5.1mm, the second distance d6234 being about 5.2 mm; the third distance d631 is approximately 4.1mm, the third distance d632 is approximately 4.2mm, the third distance d633 is approximately 4mm, and the third distance d634 is approximately 4.25 mm. As shown in fig. 6B, the first antenna array 61 is excited to generate a first resonant mode 6151, and the first resonant mode 6151 covers at least a first communication band 6152. As shown in fig. 6B, the second antenna array 62 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 6251, the second resonance mode 6251 covers at least a second communication band 6252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 6251 is smaller than the frequency of the first resonance mode 6151. In the embodiment, the first resonance mode 6151 covers at least one first communication band 6152(38.5 GHz-40 GHz), the second resonance mode 6251 covers at least one second communication band 6252(27.5 GHz-28.5 GHz), and the frequency of the second resonance mode 6251 is smaller than the frequency of the first resonance mode 6151. The lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 6152 is about 38.5GHz, and the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 6252 is about 27.5 GHz. As shown in fig. 6B, the isolation curves 65 of the first antenna array 61 and the second antenna array 62 are all higher than 15dB in the first communication band 6152 and higher than 10dB in the second communication band 6252, which proves that good isolation performance can be achieved.
Fig. 6C is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the first antenna array 61 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 in the first communication band according to the embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2D is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the second antenna array 62 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 in the second communication band according to an embodiment of the invention. From the multi-beam 2D pattern variation curve 661 of the first antenna array 61 in fig. 6C and the multi-beam 2D pattern variation curve 662 of the second antenna array 62 in fig. 2D, it can be clearly seen that the far-field main radiation beams of the first antenna array 61 and the second antenna array 62 in different communication bands can successfully coexist and operate without mutual destructive cancellation, thereby verifying that multi-band wireless communication transmission can be achieved.
The frequency band operation, experimental data, the number of dielectric substrates, and the number of ground conductor planes of the communication system covered by fig. 6B, fig. 6C, and fig. 6D are only for experimental results to prove the technical efficacy of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 6 in fig. 6A according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the operation, application and specification of the communication band covered by the hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 in practical applications. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 6 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets of communication devices, such as mobile communication devices, wireless communication devices, mobile computing devices, computer systems, telecommunication equipment, base station equipment, network equipment, or peripheral equipment of computers or networks.
Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 7 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 7, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 7 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 70, a first antenna array 71 and a second antenna array 72. The multilayer dielectric substrate 70 has a ground conductor structure 701, and the ground conductor structure 701 has a first edge 702. The first antenna array 71 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 711, 712, 713, 714. The plurality of folded loop antennas 711, 712, 713, 714 are integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate 70 and extend along the first edge 702. Each of the folded loop antennas 711, 712, 713, 714 has a meandering metal resonant path 7111, 7121, 7131, 7141. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 7111, 7121, 7131, 3141 has a loop shorting point 7112, 7122, 7132, 7142 and a loop feeding point 7113, 7123, 7133, 7143, each of the loop shorting points 7112, 7122, 7132, 7142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 701, and each of the loop feeding points 7113, 7123, 7133, 7143 has a first distance d7112, d7123, d7134 therebetween. The first antenna array 71 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. The second antenna array 72 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 721, 722, 723, 724. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 721, 722, 723, 724 are integrated on the multi-layered dielectric substrate 70 and are arranged along the first edge 702. Each of the parallel slot antennas 721, 722, 723, 724 has a first slot 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 and a second slot 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242, respectively, and a signal coupling line 7213, 7223, 7233, 7243 respectively crossing the first slot 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 and the second slot 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242, respectively. The plurality of first slots 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 and the plurality of second slots 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242 are all located on the ground conductor structure 701. The plurality of signal coupling lines 7213, 7223, 7233 and 7243 respectively have a slot feeding point 7214, 7224, 7234 and 7244, and a second distance d7212, d7223 and d7234 is respectively arranged between every two adjacent slot feeding points 7214, 7224, 7234 and 7244. The second antenna array 72 is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is less than that of the first resonance mode. The ground conductor structure 701 is a ground conductor plane. The distances of the first distances d7112, d7123 and d7134 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication frequency band. The distances of the second distances d7212, d7223 and d7234 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication frequency band. And a third distance d731, d732, d733, d734 is respectively arranged between the position of the center of the opening of the first slot 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 and the position of the center of the opening of the second slot 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 721, 722, 723, 724, and the third distance d731, d732, d733, d734 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The path lengths of the serpentine metal resonant paths 7111, 7121, 7131, 7141 from the loop feed points 7113, 7123, 7133, 7143 to the loop short points 7112, 7122, 7132, 7142 are all between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communications band. The path widths of the plurality of meandering metal resonant paths 7111, 7121, 7131, 7141 are all less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band. The slot lengths of the first slots 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 and the second slots 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The slot widths of the first slots 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 and the second slots 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242 are less than or equal to 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. The loop feed points 7113, 7123, 7133, 7143 are each electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit 741 by first antenna array transmission lines 7114, 7124, 7134, 7144, respectively, and the slot feed points 7214, 7224, 7234, 7244 are each electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit 742 by second antenna array transmission lines 7215, 7225, 7235, 7245, respectively. The first antenna array transmission lines 7114, 7124, 7134, 7144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 7215, 7225, 7235, 7245 may be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures or combinations and modifications of the various transmission lines. The first beam forming circuit 741 excites the first antenna array 71 to generate the first resonant mode, and the first beam forming circuit 741 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 71 generates different beam pattern variations. The second beam forming circuit 742 excites the second antenna array 72 to generate the second resonance mode, and the second beam forming circuit 742 can generate different phase change signals, so that the second antenna array 72 generates different beam pattern changes. The first beamforming circuit 741 and the second beamforming circuit 742 may be a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up/down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In fig. 7, although the shape of the signal coupling lines 7213, 7223, 7233, 7243 is not completely the same as the shape of the signal coupling lines 2213, 2223, 2233, 2243 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 in the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention. And although only a portion of the folded loop antennas 711, 712 and a portion of the parallel slot antennas 723, 724 are disposed alternately at the first edge 702. However, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 7 is also designed such that the first antenna array 71 is excited to generate a first resonant mode covering at least a first communication band. And the second antenna array 72 is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is less than that of the first resonance mode. In addition, the distances of the first distances d7112, d7123, and d7134 are also designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band, and the distances of the second distances d7212, d7223, and d7234 are also designed to be between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band. Therefore, the far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 71 and the second antenna array 72 can be effectively reduced. In addition, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 7 has a third distance d231, d232, d233, d234 between the center point of the first slot openings 7211, 7221, 7231, 7241 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 721, 722, 723, 724 and the center point of the second slot openings 7212, 7222, 7232, 7242, respectively. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 7 is also designed such that the third distances d231, d232, d233, d234 are respectively between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 7252, and the path lengths of the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 7111, 7121, 7131, 7141 are respectively between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band from the loop feed points 7113, 7123, 7133, 7143 to the loop short points 7112, 7122, 7132, 7142. Therefore, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 71 and the second antenna array 72 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 4 can achieve the same characteristics as the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, successfully reduce destructive interference of multi-beam pattern changes between the first antenna array 71 and the second antenna array 72, and achieve technical effects of miniaturization, high integration degree and multi-band operation. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 7 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets of communication devices, such as mobile communication devices, wireless communication devices, mobile computing devices, computer systems, telecommunication equipment, base station equipment, network equipment, or peripheral equipment of computers or networks.
Fig. 8A is a structural diagram of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 8B is a return loss and isolation curve of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 8A and 8B, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate 80, a first antenna array 81 and a second antenna array 82. The multi-layer dielectric substrate 80 has a ground conductor structure 801, and the ground conductor structure 801 has a first edge 802. The ground conductor structure 801 is a ground conductor plane. The first antenna array 81 includes a plurality of folded loop antennas 811, 812, 813, 814. The plurality of folded loop antennas 811, 812, 813, 814 are integrated into the multi-layered dielectric substrate 80 and extend along the first edge 802. Each of the folded loop antennas 811, 812, 813, 814 has a meandering metal resonant path 8111, 8121, 8131, 8141. Each of the meandering metal resonant paths 8111, 8121, 8131, 3141 has a loop shorting point 8112, 8122, 8132, 8142 and a loop feed point 8113, 8123, 8133, 8143, each of the loop shorting points 8112, 8122, 8132, 8142 is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure 801, and each of the loop feed points 8113, 8123, 8133, 8143 has a first distance d8112, d8123, d8134 therebetween. The first antenna array 81 excites a first resonant mode 8151, and the first resonant mode 8151 covers at least one first communication band 8152 (as shown in fig. 8B). The second antenna array 82 includes a plurality of parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824. The plurality of parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824 are integrated into the multi-layered dielectric substrate 80 and extend along the first edge 802. Each of the parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824 has a first slot 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and a second slot 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 respectively, and a signal coupling line 8213, 8223, 8233, 8243 respectively crossing the first slot 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and the second slot 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 respectively. The first slots 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and the second slots 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 are all located on the ground conductor structure 801. The plurality of signal coupling lines 8213, 8223, 8233, 8243 each have a slot feeding point 8214, 8224, 8234, 8244, and a second distance d8212, d8223, d8234 is between each adjacent slot feeding point 8214, 8224, 8234, 8244. The second antenna array 82 excites a second resonance mode 8251, the second resonance mode 8251 covers at least a second communication band 8252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 8251 is lower than that of the first resonance mode 8151 (as shown in fig. 8B). A third slot 882, 883, 884 is disposed between each of the adjacent parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824, and the third slot is disposed on the ground conductor structure 801. The lengths of the third slots 882, 883, 884 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.8 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 8252. The first distances d8112, d8123, and d8134 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 8152. The distances of the second distances d8212, d8223 and d8234 are all between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication frequency band 8252. And a third distance d831, d832, d833, d834 is respectively arranged between the opening center point position of the first slot 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and the opening center point position of the second slot 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824, and the third distance d831, d832, d833, d834 is between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication frequency band 8252. The plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 8111, 8121, 8131, 8141 each have a path length from the loop feed point 8113, 8123, 8133, 8143 to the loop short circuit point 8112, 8122, 8132, 8142 that is between 0.5 and 2.0 wavelengths of a lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 8152. The plurality of meandering metal resonance paths 8111, 8121, 2131, 8141 each have a path width of less than or equal to 0.25 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 8152. The lengths of the first slots 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and the second slots 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 from the open ends of the slots to the closed ends of the slots are all less than or equal to 0.6 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication frequency band 8252. The slot widths of the first slots 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and the second slots 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 are all less than or equal to 0.2 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 8252.
The loop feed points 8113, 8123, 8133, 8143 are each electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit 841 via first antenna array transmission lines 8114, 8124, 8134, 8144, respectively, and the slot feed points 8214, 8224, 8234, 8244 are each electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit 842 via second antenna array transmission lines 8215, 8225, 8235, 8245, respectively. The first antenna array transmission lines 8114, 8124, 8134, 8144 and the second antenna array transmission lines 8215, 8225, 8235, 8245 may be microstrip transmission line architectures, sandwich strip line architectures, coaxial transmission line architectures, coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures, grounded coplanar waveguide transmission line architectures or combinations and modifications of the various transmission lines. The first beam forming circuit 841 excites the first antenna array 81 to generate the first resonant mode 8151, and the first beam forming circuit 841 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the first antenna array 81 generates different beam pattern variations (as shown in fig. 8C). The second beam forming circuit 842 excites the second antenna array 82 to generate the second resonance mode 8251, and the second beam forming circuit 842 can generate different phase variation signals, so that the second antenna array 82 generates different beam pattern variations (as shown in fig. 8D). The first beamforming circuit 841 and the second beamforming circuit 842 may be a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
In fig. 8A, although the shape of the signal coupling lines 8213, 8223, 8233, 8243 and the signal coupling lines 2213, 2223, 2233, 2243 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 2 are not completely the same in the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention. And a third slot 882, 883, 884 is disposed between each of the adjacent parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824, and is located on the ground conductor structure 801. However, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 is also designed such that the first antenna array 81 excites a first resonant mode 8151, and the first resonant mode 8151 covers at least a first communication band 8152 (as shown in fig. 8B). And the second antenna array 82 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 8251, wherein the second resonance mode 8251 covers at least a second communication frequency band 8252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 8251 is lower than that of the first resonance mode 8151 (as shown in fig. 8B). In addition, the distances of the first distances d8112, d8123, and d8134 are respectively between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 8152, and the distances of the second distances d8212, d8223, and d8234 are respectively between 0.23 wavelength and 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 8252. Therefore, far-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 81 and the second antenna array 82 can be effectively reduced. In addition, in the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8, the positions of the center points of the first slot openings 8211, 8221, 8231, 8241 and the positions of the center points of the second slot openings 8212, 8222, 8232, 8242 of the plurality of parallel slot antennas 821, 822, 823, 824 have third distances d231, d232, d233, d234, respectively. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 is also designed such that the third distances d831, d832, d833, d834 are respectively between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 8252, and the path lengths of the meandering metal resonance paths 8111, 8121, 8131, 8141 respectively from the loop feed points 8113, 8123, 8133, 8143 to the loop short points 8112, 8122, 8132, 8142 are respectively between 0.5 wavelength and 2.0 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 8152. Therefore, the near-field radiation energy coupling interference of the first antenna array 81 and the second antenna array 82 can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 can achieve the same characteristics as the hybrid multi-band antenna array 2, successfully reduce destructive interference of multi-beam pattern changes between the first antenna array 81 and the second antenna array 82, and achieve technical effects of miniaturization, high integration, and multi-band operation.
Fig. 8B is a return loss and isolation graph of the multi-frequency multi-antenna array 8 according to the embodiment of the invention. The return loss curve of the first antenna array 81 is 8153, the return loss curve of the second antenna array 82 is 8253, and the isolation curve of the first antenna array 81 and the second antenna array 82 is 85. The following dimensions were chosen for the experiments: the first edge 802 of the ground conductor plane 801 is about 45mm in length; a path length of the meandering metal resonance path 8111 from the loop feed point 8113 to the loop short point 8112 is about 12.9mm, a path length of the meandering metal resonance path 8121 from the loop feed point 8123 to the loop short point 8122 is about 13.3mm, a path length of the meandering metal resonance path 8131 from the loop feed point 8133 to the loop short point 8132 is about 13.3mm, and a path length of the meandering metal resonance path 8141 from the loop feed point 8143 to the loop short point 8142 is about 12.9mm, respectively; the first distance d8112 is about 4mm, the first distance d8123 is about 4.3mm, and the first distance d8134 is about 4.1 mm; the distance of the second distance d8212 is about 5.1mm, the distance of the second distance d8223 is about 5mm, and the distance of the second distance d8234 is about 5.1 mm; the third distance d831 is about 4.25mm, the third distance d832 is about 4mm, the third distance d833 is about 4mm, the third distance d834 is about 4.15mm, the multi-layer dielectric substrate 80 is a double-layer dielectric substrate, the total thickness is about 0.55mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is about 3.5. As shown in fig. 8B, the first antenna array 821 is excited to generate a first resonant mode 8151, and the first resonant mode 8151 covers at least a first communication band 8152. As shown in fig. 8B, the second antenna array 82 is excited to generate a second resonance mode 8251, the second resonance mode 8251 covers at least a second communication band 8252, and the frequency of the second resonance mode 8251 is lower than that of the first resonance mode 8151. In the embodiment, the first resonance mode 8151 covers at least one first communication band 8152(38.5 GHz-40 GHz), the second resonance mode 8251 covers at least one second communication band 8252(27.5 GHz-28.5 GHz), and the frequency of the second resonance mode 8251 is less than that of the first resonance mode 8151. The lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 8152 is about 38.5GHz, and the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band 8252 is about 27.5 GHz. As shown in fig. 8B, the isolation curves 85 of the first antenna array 81 and the second antenna array 22 are all higher than 15dB in the first communication band 8152 and higher than 10dB in the second communication band 8252, which proves that good isolation performance can be achieved.
Fig. 8C is a multi-beam scanning 2D field pattern diagram of the first antenna array 81 of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 in the first communication band according to the embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2D is a multi-beam scanning 2D pattern diagram of the second antenna array 82 of the hybrid multi-frequency antenna array 8 in the second communication band according to an embodiment of the invention. From the multi-beam 2D pattern variation curve 861 of the first antenna array 81 in fig. 8C and the multi-beam 2D pattern variation curve 862 of the second antenna array 82 in fig. 2D, it can be clearly seen that the far-field main radiation beams of the first antenna array 81 and the second antenna array 82 in different communication bands can successfully coexist and operate without mutual destructive cancellation, thereby verifying that multi-band wireless communication transmission can be achieved.
The frequency band operation, experimental data, the number of dielectric substrates, and the number of ground conductor planes of the communication system covered by fig. 8B, 8C, and 8D are only for experimental results to prove the technical efficacy of the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 in fig. 8A according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the operation, application and specification of the communication band covered by the hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 of the present invention. The hybrid multi-band antenna array 8 of the present invention can be implemented in a single or multiple sets of communication devices, such as mobile communication devices, wireless communication devices, mobile computing devices, computer systems, telecommunication equipment, base station equipment, network equipment, or peripheral equipment of computers or networks.
The invention provides a design mode of a multi-frequency multi-beam antenna array with high integration degree, which can effectively reduce the overall size of the multi-frequency multi-beam antenna array applied to a communication device and can meet the practical application requirement of the multi-antenna communication device with high data transmission speed in the future.
In summary, although the present invention is disclosed in conjunction with the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the definition of the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. A hybrid multi-frequency antenna array, comprising:
a multilayer dielectric substrate having a ground conductor structure, and the ground conductor structure having a first edge;
a first antenna array including a plurality of folded loop antennas integrated with the multi-layered dielectric substrate and extending along the first edge, wherein each folded loop antenna has a respective meandering metal resonant path, each meandering metal resonant path has a respective loop short-circuit point and a respective loop feed-in point, each loop short-circuit point is electrically connected to the ground conductor structure, a respective first distance is provided between each adjacent loop feed-in points, the first antenna array is excited to generate a first resonant mode, and the first resonant mode covers at least a first communication frequency band; and
a second antenna array including a plurality of parallel slot antennas integrated on the multi-layer dielectric substrate and arranged along the first edge, wherein each of the parallel slot antennas has a first slot and a second slot, and a signal coupling line crossing the first slot and the second slot, the first slots and the second slots are located on the ground conductor structure, the signal coupling lines each have a slot feed point, and a second distance is provided between adjacent slot feed points, the second antenna array is excited to generate a second resonance mode covering at least a second communication band, and the frequency of the second resonance mode is smaller than that of the first resonance mode.
2. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the ground conductor structure is a ground conductor plane.
3. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the ground conductor structure is a multi-layer ground conductor plane, and a plurality of ground conductor vias are formed between the multi-layer ground conductor plane and electrically connected to each other.
4. The hybrid multi-band antenna array of claim 1, wherein the first spacings are all between 0.23 and 0.85 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band.
5. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the second spacings are all within a range from 0.23 to 0.85 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band.
6. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein a third distance is defined between the center of opening of the first slot and the center of opening of the second slot of the parallel slot antenna, the third distance being between 0.1 wavelength and 0.7 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the second communication band.
7. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the plurality of meandering metal resonance paths each have a path length from the loop feed point to the loop short point that is between 0.5 and 2.0 wavelengths of a lowest operating frequency of the first communication band.
8. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the loop feed points are each electrically coupled to a first beamforming circuit via transmission lines.
9. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the slot feed points are each electrically coupled to a second beamforming circuit via transmission lines.
10. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein the loop feed point and the slot feed point are each electrically coupled to a third beamforming circuit via transmission lines.
11. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 8, wherein the first beamforming circuit is a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
12. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 9, wherein the second beamforming circuit is a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
13. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 10, wherein the third beamforming circuit is a power combining circuit, a phase control circuit, a frequency up-down circuit, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or a radio frequency module.
14. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein only some of the plurality of folded loop antennas and some of the plurality of parallel slot antennas are interleaved at the first edge.
15. The hybrid multi-frequency antenna array of claim 1, wherein each of the parallel slot antennas has a third slot therebetween, the third slots being disposed on the ground conductor structure.
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